专题18 上海高考记叙文阅读技巧点睛（原题版）

►专题18上海高考记叙文阅读技巧点睛_________________________________________________________________________________________考点精考点精讲【考情链接】上海高考英语关于阅读理解要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。文章题材广泛，体裁多样，包括记叙文、新闻报道、应用文、说明文、议论文等。以下梳理记叙文体裁主要阅读技巧。【要点梳理】[方法1]顺藤摸瓜记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W(what，who，when，where，why)要素。因此作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。【典例】（2023崇明一模）Kérésayshisarchitecturalpracticewasinspiredbyhisownexperienceattendingschoolwitharound100otherchildreninaregionwheretemperaturesareregularlyhigherthan100degreesFahrenheit.“Youwillsitandit’sveryhotinside,”hesaid.“Andtherewasnolight,whileoutside,thesunlightwasstrongandinmyheadtheideaonedaygrewthatasanadult,Ishouldmakeitbetter.Iwasthinkingaboutspace,aboutroom,abouthowIcanfeelbetter.”57.________actsasastimulustoKéré’sbecominganarchitect.A.HisstudyofcarpentryinBerlin B.Hishometown’sextremelyhotwhetherC.Hisparents’expectationsofhim D.Hisuncomfortableexperienceatschool[方法2]左顾右盼在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。【典例】（2023虹口一模）Iknowpeoplewhosaytheydon’twatchtelevision,andIalwaysnodandagree.Readingrequiresintelligence,andtelevisionismerelyentertainment,right?I’mgoingtoScotlandthisyear,andthreedifferentpeopletoldmeImustwatch“Outlander”beforeIgo,……WhenIstoodupfromthecouchIfeltsick,anditwasn’tjustthecookies,popcornandpeanutbuttersandwichesI’dhadwithoutnoticing.Itwasdarkoutside,andIfeltashamed.Ihadspenthalfadayonthecouch.ResearchforScotland?Notexactly.36.By“Ialwaysnodandagree”(paragraph1),theauthorimpliesthat_______.A.sheshouldbepolitetogettheconversationtogoonB.sheisreluctanttoadmitthatshewatchestelevisionC.shebelievesthosewhosaytheydon’twatchTVD.shedoesn’tthinkhighlyofTVeither[方法3]刨根问底如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“Whatcanbeinferredfrom...？”或是“Whatdoestheauthorimplyin...？”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。【典例】（2023黄浦一模）WriterssaythatWhelanhashelpedthemunderstandtheirownwork.“WhenIlistentoJuliareadmystories,itsoundslikesheiscallingyouovertotellyouagreatstory,”saidNuzzi,whoseworkhasbeennarratedbyWhelan.“WhenIwritenow,Itrytothinklikethat,thatIamcallingareaderovertotellhimagreatstory.Ithascompletelychangedmyapproach.”Whelansaidthatshealsolearnsaboutherwritingwhensheexperiencesitasanarrator.“Thereissomethingaboutitthatchangeswhenyou’reperformingit,”shesaid.“Ireadthebookoutloudduringeverystageofitsrevisionsbutit’sdifferentwhenyousitdownandhavethemicrophoneinfrontofyou,whenIfinallyaminallthecharactersandthestorycomestolife.”39.WhatcanbeconcludedfromWhelan’sexperienceasanarratorandwriter?A.Excellentnarrationisbasedonconvincingstories.B.Narratingisamorerewardingambitionthanwriting.C.Aninfluentialwriterisdefinitelyawonderfulnarrator.D.Experiencesasanarratorcanchangethewritingapproach.[方法4]拨云见日阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道句意或词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是与你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交的，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。【典例】（2023奉贤一模）In2008,IwenttoLosAngeleswhereItriedtogethiredasanagent,ananalystandafinancialbroker.Unfortunately,allthesedoorsslammedinmyface.Theworld’seconomywasinabadstate,soIknewIwouldhavetodoalittlespinningofmyown.37.Bysaying“doalittlespinningofmyown”inthesecondparagraph,theauthorprobablymeanshewould_____________.A.lookforapart-timejobindependently B.makehiscontributionstotheeconomyC.giveintothedisappointingreality D.beself-employedtodevelophiscareer_____真题操练真题操练2019年上海秋季高考英语真题AllIhadtodoforthetwodollarswascleanherhouseforafewhoursafterschool.Itwasabeautifulhouse,too,withaplastic-coveredsofaandchairs,wall-to-wallblue-and-whitecarpeting,awhiteenamelstove,awashingmachineandadryer—thingsthatwerecommoninherneighborhood,absentinmine.Inthemiddleofthewar,shehadbutter,sugar,steaks,andseam-up-the-backstockings.Iknewhowtoscrubfloorsonmykneesandhowtowashclothesinourzinctub,butIhadneverseenaHoovervacuumcleaneroranironthatwasn'theatedbyfire.PartofmyprideinworkingforherwasearningmoneyIcouldsquander(浪费):onmovies,candy,paddleballs,jacks,ice-creamcones.ButalargerpartofmypridewasbasedonthefactthatIgavehalfmywagestomymother,whichmeantthatsomeofmyearningswereusedforrealthings—aninsurance-policypaymentorwhatwasowedtothemilkmanortheiceman.Thepleasureofbeingnecessarytomyparentswasprofound.Iwasnotlikethechildreninfolktales:burdensomemouthstofeed,nuisancestobecorrected,problemssoseverethattheywereabandonedtotheforest.Ihadastatusthatdoingroutinechoresinmyhousedidnotprovide—anditearnedmeaslowsmile,anapprovingnodfromanadult.ConfirmationsthatIwasadultlike,notchildlike.Inthosedays,theforties,childrenwerenotjustlovedorliked;theywereneeded.Theycouldearnmoney;theycouldcareforchildrenyoungerthanthemselves;theycouldworkthefarm,takecareoftheherd,runerrands(差事),andmuchmore.Isuspectthatchildrenaren'tneededinthatwaynow.Theyareloved,dotedon,protected,andhelped.Fine,andyet...Littlebylittle,Igotbetteratcleaningherhouse—goodenoughtobegivenmoretodo,muchmore.Iwasorderedtocarrybookcasesupstairsand,once,tomoveapianofromonesideofaroomtotheother.Ifellcarryingthebookcases.Andafterpushingthepianomyarmsandlegshurtsobadly.Iwantedtorefuse,oratleasttocomplain,butIwasafraidshewouldfireme,andIwouldlosethefreedomthedollargaveme,aswellasthestandingIhadathome—althoughbothwereslowlybeingeroded.Shebegantooffermeherclothes,foraprice.Impressedbythesewornthings,whichlookedsimplygorgeoustoalittlegirlwhohadonlytwodressestoweartoschool,Iboughtafew.UntilmymotheraskedmeifIreallywantedtoworkforcastoffs.SoIlearnedtosay"No,thankyou"toafadedsweaterofferedforaquarterofaweek'spay.Still,Ihadtroublesummoning(鼓起)thecouragetodiscussorobjecttotheincreasingdemandsshemade.AndIknewthatifItoldmymotherhowunhappyIwasshewouldtellmetoquit.Thenoneday,aloneinthekitchenwithmyfather,Iletdropafewwhinesaboutthejob.Igavehimdetails,examplesofwhattroubledme,yetalthoughhelistenedintently,Isawnosympathyinhiseyes.No"Oh,youpoorlittlething."PerhapsheunderstoodthatwhatIwantedwasasolutiontothejob,notanescapefromit.Inanycase,heputdownhiscupofcoffeeandsaid,“Listen.Youdon'tlivethere.Youlivehere.Withyourpeople.Gotowork.Getyourmoney.Andcomeonhome."Thatwaswhathesaid.ThiswaswhatIheard:Whatevertheworkis,doitwell—notforthebossbutforyourself.Youmakethejob;itdoesn'tmakeyou.Yourreallifeiswithus,yourfamily.Youarenottheworkyoudo;youarethepersonyouare.Ihaveworkedforallsortsofpeoplesincethen,geniusesandmorons,quick-wittedanddull,big-heartedandnarrow.I'vehadmanykindsofjobs,butsincethatconversationwithmyfatherIhaveneverconsideredtheleveloflabortobethemeasureofmyself,andIhaveneverplacedthesecurityofajobabovethevalueofhome.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorisdifferentfromotherchildren?A.Sheneedstobesupportedlikeothers. B.Shemadeamistakeandneededtobecorrected.C.Sheoftendoesdailychoresathome. D.She'stoochildishforcomparison.57..Accordingtothearticle,whichofthefollowingiscorrectaboutchildreninthe1940sliketheauthor?Theyjustwanttobepopular,lovedandliked. B.Theyonlytakegreatpainstoearnmoremoney.C.Theycandoallkindsofdailywork,suchascaringforchildrenandsoon.D.Theyarenolongerneededexceptforbeingspoiledbyadults.58.Whatdidtheauthor'sfathermakeherunderstand?A.Don'tescapefromdifficultiesatwork. B.Whateverdecisionshemade,herfatherwouldsupporther.C.Conveyherdissatisfactionwithherwork. D.Makeadistinctionbetweenworkandlife.59.Whichofthefollowingcorrespondstotheauthor'sviewsonwork?A.Don'tregardworkachievementasacriterionforevaluatingoneself.B.Hardworkisastruggleforabetterfutureinyourlimitedlife.C.Workistofollowthefootstepsoftheboss.D.Worksafetyshouldbemoreimportantthanfamilyvalue.2019年上海春季高考英语真题Ibelievethat,asadoctor,Ishouldalwaysgetablanketformypatientswhoneedone.YesIknowthereareotherpeoplewhocandothis.Icanaskanurseoranorderlytodoit,butIbelievethatIshoulddoit.Soseveraltimesaday,whileworkinginouremergencydepartment,Ileavemypatient'sbedside,getthemanicewarmblanketandcoverthemup,beforecontinuingonmyday.WhichbringsmebacktowhyIbelieveIshouldoffertobringmypatientsablanket,Tomeitisthefirststepincommunicatingtothepersonthatmypriorityishisorhercomfort,bothphysicalandemotional.Itisasimpleactthatacknowledgesmydesiretomeettheirbasicneedsasapatient.ItmaybeanoverusedexpressionbutIwanttotreatmypatientsthewayIwouldwantmyfamilymemberstakencareof.ThisbehaviorwasalsomodeledformewhenIwasapatient.ShortlyaftercollegeIwasinvolvedinaseriousaccidentwhileworkinginanambulanceasavolunteer.TheshortstoryisthatIbrokemyfemur,thelargeboneinmythigh,andmyrecoveryrequiredatotaloffoursurgeriesoverayearorso.ThesurgeonwhoperformedthelastthreeoperationsusuallydidhisroundslateatnightHewasabrilliantandtalentedsurgeonwhoremindedmeinappearanceofachain-smokingEinstein.Hewouldaskaboutmypainandmymentalstate,butwhatIremembermostishisofferingtobringmeFrenchfriesthenexttimehevisited.Ifeltthathecaredaboutmeand,moreimportantly,understoodwhatIwasgoingthrough.Heconnectedwithme,andItrustedandobeyedeverythinghetoldmetodoGettingablanketandplacingitonmypatientis,intheend,acheckandbalanceforme.Ihavethepowertoorderhundredsoftestsandtreatments.Istrivetoalwaysberight(oratleastneverwrong).Andonnotsorareoccasions,Ihelpsavealife.Butintheend,ifIhavenotmadethatconnectionwithmypatient,ifIhavenotshownthemIunderstandtheirneeds,thenIhavefailedthemasaphysicianandasaperson._____好题必好题必测【上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期11月教学质量检测英语试题】Noahreachedforhisguitar,rememberinghisfatherashedidso,thinkinghowmuchhemissedhim.Hestrummedonce,adjustedthetensionontwostrings,thenstrummedagain.Thistimeitsoundedaboutright,andhebegantoplay.Softmusic,quietmusic.Hehummedforalittlewhileatfirst,thenbegantosingasnightcamedownaroundhim.Heplayedandsanguntilthesunwasgoneandtheskyblack.Itwasalittleaftersevenwhenhequit,andhesettledbackintohischairandbegantorock.Byhabit,helookedupwardandsawOrionandtheBigDipper,GeminiandthePoleStar,twinklingintheautumnsky.Hestartedtorunthenumbersinhishead,thenstopped.Heknewhe’dspentalmosthisentiresavingsonthehouseandwouldhavetofindajobagainsoon,buthepushedthethoughtawayanddecidedtoenjoytheremainingmonthsofrestorationwithoutworryingaboutit.Besides,thinkingaboutmoneyusuallyboredhim.Earlyon,he’dlearnedtoenjoysimplethings,thingsthatcouldn’tbebought,andhehadahardtimeunderstandingpeoplewhofeltotherwise.Itwasanothertraithegotfromhisfather.Clem,hishounddog,cameuptohimthenandnuzzledhishandbeforelyingdownathisfeet.“Hey,girl,how’reyoudoing?”heaskedashepattedherhead,andshewhinedsoftly,hersoftroundeyespeeringupward.Acaraccidenthadtakenherleg,butshestillmovedwellenoughandkepthimcompanyonquietnightslikethese.Hewasthirty-onenow,nottooold,butoldenoughtobelonely.Hehadn’tdatedsincehe’dbeenbackhere,hadn’tmetanyonewhoremotelyinterestedhim.Itwashisownfault,heknew.Therewassomethingthatkeptadistancebetweenhimandanywomanwhostartedtogetclose,somethinghewasn’tsurehecouldchangeevenifhetried.Andsometimesinthemomentsrightbeforesleepcame,hewonderedifhewasdestinedtobealoneforever.Theeveningpassed,stayingwarm,nice.Noahlistenedtothecricketsandtherustlingleaves,thinkingthatthesoundofnaturewasmorerealandarousedmoreemotionthanthingslikecarsandplanes.Naturalthingsgavebackmorethantheytook,andtheirsoundsalwaysbroughthimbacktothewaymanwassupposedtobe.“It’llkeepyoufromgoingcrazy,”hisfatherhadtoldhimthedayhe’dshippedout.“It’sGod’smusicandit’lltakeyouhome.”Hefinishedhistea,wentinside,foundabook,thenturnedontheporchlightonhiswaybackout.Aftersittingdownagain,helookedatthebook.Itwasold,thecoverwastorn,andthepageswerestainedwithmudandwater.ItwasLeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitman,andhehadcarrieditwithhimthroughoutthewar.Ithadeventakenabulletforhimonce.Herubbedthecover,dustingitoffjustalittle.Thenheletthebookopenrandomlyandreadthewordsinfrontofhim:ThisisthyhourOSoul,thyfreeflightintothewordless.Awayfrombooks,awayfromart,thedayerased,thelessondone.Theefullyforthemerging,silent,gazing,ponderingthethemesthoulovestbest.Night,sleep,deathandthestars.ForsomereasonWhitmanalwaysremindedhimofNewBern,andhewasgladhe’dcomeback.Thoughhe’dbeenawayfromfourteenyears,thiswashomeandheknewalotofpeoplehere,mostofthemfromhisyouth.Likesomanysoutherntowns,thepeoplewholivedhereneverchanged,theyjustgrewabitolder.36.Theunderlinedsentenceinparagraphtwoistheequivalentof“_________”.A.hehatedthosewhowereunabletoappreciatesimplethingsinlifeB.hedidn’tseeeyetoeyewithpeoplewholikedtosavemoneyC.hehaddifficultyinfiguringouthowhegotthistraitfromhisfatherD.hedidn’tunderstandwhypeopleweresomaterialistic37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingthepassage?A.Noahoftenplayedtheguitarandobservedthestars.B.Clemthedogshowedgreataffectionforhermaster.C.Noahwasdestinedtobealonesincenowomanseemedinterestedinhim.D.Noahplannedtorestorehishousebeforelandinghimselfajob.38.WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldNoah’sfathermostagreewith?A.Patientssufferingfrommentaldisordercanbecuredbynature.B.Thecloseryouaretonature,thecloseryouaretoyourtrueself.C.WherethereisGod’smusic,thereishome.D.Agoodbookisaman’sbesetcompany.39.LeavesofGrassbyWaltWhitman_________.A.hadbeenatreasurebutwasnowtoodamagedtoreadB.recordedthelivesofNewBern’speoplewhoneverchangedovertheyearsC.wasbeyondNoah’sunderstandingsoherandomlypickedupsomewordstoreadD.stirredafeelingofnostalgiainNoah【上海师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题】MargoandIwerenine.Ourparentswerefriends,sowewouldsometimesplaytogether,bikingpastthetree-linedstreetstoJeffersonPark,theleisurespotofourneighborhood.IalwaysgotnervouswheneverMargowasabouttoshowup.ItcouldbethatshewasbothcoolandgorgeouswiththepinkT-shirtfeaturingagreendragonbreathingafireoforangeglitter.Oritcouldbethewayshebiked,standingup,herarmslockedassheleanedabovethehandlebars.Atthetime,IfanciedmyselfaninventorandItoldMargoaboutanideaIhadforaninventioncalledtheRingolator,agiganticcannonthatwouldshootbig,coloredrocksintoaveryloworbit,givingEarththesameringsthatSaturn(土星)has.Margojustbeamedbrightly,shakingherhead.I’dbeenintheparksomanytimesbeforethatitwasmappedinmymind,sowewereonlyafewstepsinsidewhenIbegantosensethattheworldwasoutoforder.“Look!There.”Margosaidquietly,cal