2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳二十中高三(上)模拟英语试卷一模(不含听力)

2022-2023学年辽宁省沈阳二十中高三

（上）模拟英语试卷一模（不含听力）

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）第一节（共4小

题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给

的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

11.（7.5分）

IntroductiontoSanxingduiMuseum

Situatedinthenortheastofthestate-protectedSanxingdui

SitebythebankoftheYaziRiverinGuanghan-acityfamedfor

itslonghistoryandsplendidculture,SanxingduiMuseumisa

modemthememuseumwhichis40kilometerstothenorthof

Cheng.

Coveringatotalareaof530yields,SanxingduiMuseumhad

itsfoundationlaidinAugust1992,andopenedtothepublicin

October1997.Featuredforitsrelics,architecture,demonstration

andgardens,themuseumhasbecomeaplaceofculturaland

touristattractionsenjoyingprestigebothathomeandabroadand

oneofthethreeexquisitespotsSichuanhasofferedtotheworld

tourism.

NoticetoSanxingduiSiteMuseumTravelers

I.Opening&BookingTime

Openingtime：GalleryOne8：30-18：00

GalleryTwo8：30-18：30

Bookingtime：8：30-17：00

II.VisitingRoute

GalleryOnefGalleryTwo

III.TicketPrice

(1)Galleryticket¥72¥36(students)

(2)Gardenticket¥5

Theticketisusedonthesolddayandeachgalleryonce.

Admissionfreeforchildrenunder1.2meters(including

1.2m),seniorsaged60oraboveandthedisabled.

V.GuideService&Price

(1)GuideService

Ifyouneedamuseumguide,pleaseemployoneatthe

receptiondeskinGalleryOne.

Chinese,Cantonese,Tibetan：¥80(Groupbelow20

persons)

English,Japanese：¥120(Groupbelow20persons)

(2)GuideRange：Gallery1&Gallery2

(3)Ittakesabout80minuteseachguideservice.

(4)WeprovideChinese&Englishautoguidingdevicefree

ofcharge.PleasedepositCNY¥200andyourvalidcredential.If

damagedorlost,youshouldcompensateaccordingtothecost

price.

IV.Consultingtelephone/p>

VI.Complaintagainstthepricetelephone：12358

(1)WhatcanwelearnaboutSanxingduiMuseum?

A.It'slocatedinthenortheastofChengdu.

B.It'sanancientthememuseum.

C.It'safamousplaceofculturalandtouristattractions.

D.It'stheonlytoptouristspotsinSichuan.

(2)Asauniversitystudent,youaccompanyyour68-year-

oldgrandpaonatriptoSanxingduiMuseum,howmuchwillyou

payforthetickets?

A.¥154.

B.¥118.

C.¥77.

D.¥41.

(3)Jennifer,whoisfromNewYork,wantstovisitthe

museum,shemay.

A.payCNY¥200foramuseumguide

B.firstcallthemuseumat12358forenquiry

C.useChinese&Englishautoguidingdeviceforfree

D.depositsomemoneyandprovidehervalidcredential

•12.（10分）Therearesomanythingsthatmaketheyears

Ispentinhighschoolmemorableforme.Butnoneasmemorable

asthehomecoming（校友返校聚会）dancewhereIlearnedhow

togetovermyfearofspeakingtopeoplemetforthefirsttime

andgettoknowmoreaboutmyparents.

Duringthishomecoming,Idecidedtomakeachange-

insteadofmakingplanswithmybestfriendstogotothedance

asagroup,Iinvitedagirltobemypartner,whotutoredmein

mathandscience.Atfirst,Iwasextremelynervousbecauseof

beingsurroundedbypeopleunfamiliarandevencouldnotspeak

outaword.Mypartnernoticedmydilemma（困境）andtook

metomeetwithherfriendsatthehomecomingdance.Thanksto

hercompany,Igraduallyfeltateasetalkingwithnewly-met

people.

Iremembermybestfriendtellingme"Highschoolreunions

areanexcuseforpeopleofourparents'agetoactlikekidseven

ifonlyforonenight."IhadtoagreewithhimwhenIsawmy

parentsdancingtoThrillerbyMichaelJacksonthatnight.Iwas

surprisedandwenttowardsthemwhentheyfinishedtheir

dancing,"Youlooklikemyparents,butIdon'tthinktheywould

danceaswellasyoudo."Isaidinajokingfashion.Theysimply

smiledatmeandmymomaskedifIwantedtodancewithher

whilemydaddancedwithmypartner.IamgladthatItookthe

chancetodancewithmymom.Wehavenotdancedtogetherever

since.

ThatwasthenightIlearnedhowtobeagontle-manandchat

withpeoplewithsocialgraces.ltwasalsooneofthealmost

unbelievablenightswhenmyparentsandIenjoyedeachother's

companyandlearnedabouteachother'sexperiences.

(1)Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor?

A.Heusedtobeashyboy.

B.Heoftendanceswithhismother.

C.Hehasneverbeentoadancepartybefore.

D.Hemadehisparentsunhappywithhisjoke.

(2)What'stheauthor'sdilemma?

A.Knowinglittleabouthispartner'sfriends.

B.Feelingnervousinanunfamiliarsituation.

C.Havingnotimetotalkwithnewly-metpeople.

D.Findinganexcusetoleavethehomecomingdance.

(3)WhydidtheauthormentionMichaelJackson'sThriller?

A.Tointroducehisfavoritesong.

B.ToprovethepopularityofThriller.

C.Toshowhisparentsactedliketheyoung.

D.Toexplainhisparents'loveforMichaelJackson.

(4)Whyisthehomecomingdancemostmemorableforthe

author?

A.Hewasintroducedtoagirlpartner.

B.Helearnedalotaboutsocialinteraction.

C.Hehadthechancetohostthedanceparty.

D.Hemademanyfriendsatthehomecomingdance.

•13.(10分)TheWorldHealthOrganizationwarnsthat

millionsofpeoplearedyingeveryyearfromindoorair

pollution.Nearlythreebillionpeopleareunabletousecleanfuels

andtechnologiesforcooking,heatingaswellaslighting.

Thesefindingsshowthattheuseofdeadlyfuelsin

inefficientstoves,spaceheatersorlightsistoblameformanyof

thesedeaths.

WHOofficialssayindoorpollutionleadstoearlydeaths

fromstroke,heartandlungdisease,childhoodpneumoniaand

lungcancer.Womenandgirlsarethemainvictims.Thesediseases

canoftenresultfromtheburningofsolidfuels.Thesefuels

includewood,coal,animalwaste,cropwasteandcharcoal.

TheUnitedNationsfoundthatmorethan95percentof

householdsinsub-SaharanAfricadependonsolidfuelsfor

cooking.ltsayshugepopulationsinIndia,ChinaandLatin

Americancountries,suchasGuatermalaandPeru,arealsoat

risk.

NigelBraceisaprofessorofPublicHealthattheUniversity

ofLiverpool.Hesaysresearchersaredevelopinggoodcook­

stovesandotherequipmenttobumfuelsinamoreefficient

way.Therearealreadymultipletechnologiesavailableforusein

cleanfuels.Thereisreallyquiteaneffectiveandreasonablylow-

costalcoholstovemadebyDometic(aSweden-basedcompany)

thatisnowbeingtestedout.LPG(LiquefieldPetroleumGas)

cookisobviouslywidelyavailableandeffortsareunderwayto

makethoseefficient.Anotherinterestingdevelopmentiselectric

inductionstoves.WHOexpertsnotethatsomenew,safeandlow-

costtechnologiesthatcouldhelparealreadyavailable.InIndia,

youcanbuyaninductionstoveforabout8.00.AndinAfricayou

canbuyasolarlampforlessthan$1.00.

Butthis,theagencysays,isjustastart.ltisurging

developingcountriestousecleanerfuelsandincreaseaccessto

cleanerandmoremodemcookingandheatingappliances/devices.

(1)Whatdoestheindoorpollutionmainlyresultfrom?

A.Poisonousfuels.

B.Hightechnology.

C.Spaceheaters.

D.Solarenergy.

(2)HowisParagraph3mainlydeveloped?

A.Byshowingdifferences.

B.Bydescribingaprocess.

C.Bymakingalist.

D.Byanalyzingdata.

(3)Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Indoorpollutionresultsinsomedeaths.

B.Mostofthedeathsareindevelopingcountries.

C.Thesolidfuelsareusedinmoreeffectiveways.

D.Thereisnoindoorpollutionindevelopedcountries.

(4)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothe

passage?

A.LPGcooksarebeingtestedout.

B.Alcoholstovesarewidelyusednow.

C.Electricinductionstovesareexpensive.

D.SolarlampsareverycheapinAfrica.

•14.(10分)Imagineyouare10yearsold.Youlivein

abigcityandwanttovisityourbestfriend,afive-minutewalk

away,andthenyoucangotothepark,another10minutes'

walk.Theproblemisthatthere'sabigdangerousroadbetween

youandyourfriend,andanotherbetweenyourfriend'shome

andthepark.Whenyouaskyourparentsifyoucanwalkthere,

theysayno.Buttheyaretoobusytotakeyoutherethemselves.

Instead,youhaveavideoconversationwithyourfriend,

orperhapsyouplayavideogameonthesofa.You'velostout

onexerciseandtimeoutside,interactingwithyour

neighborhoodand,ofcourse,playtimewithyourfriend.This

istherealityformanykidstoday-butitdoesn'thavetobethis

way.

TimGill,theauthorofUrbanChildren：GrowingUpin

aRiskySociety,saysachild-friendlycityisonethatallows

"everydayfreedom",sochildrencanspreadtheirwingsasthey

grow."It'snotenoughtojusttalkaboutplaygroundsandnice,

prettypublicspaces.Thatjustcreatesplayplacestheyhaveto

betakentobyadults,"saysGill.

"Society'smistakeisthatourplanningsystemsjustfocuson

cars,house-buildingandtheeconomy-ratherthanthe

environment,healthandqualityoflife,"arguesGill,"You

won'tfindanyurbanplannerswhocandisagreewiththat.It's

becauseourdecision-makersfailtolookbeyondthenexttwoor

threeyears."

TimGilllistsfivechallengesforurbanchildreninhisbook：

trafficandpollution,high-riseliving,crimeandsocialfears,

inadequateandunequalaccesstothecity.

Designingcitieswithyoungpeopleinmind-particularly

outdoorspacesthatencouragesafemovementandsocial

interaction-standstobeanissueofgrowingconcern

globally.By2050,around70percentofpeoplewilllivein

cities,andthemajorityofthemwillbeunder18.Today,

overabillionchildrenaregrowingupincities.

(1)Whydoestheauthormakeanassumptioninthefirst

paragraph?

A.Toshowhisdoubts.

B.Togiveanexample.

C.Topresenttheissue.

D.Toexpresshisopinion.

(2)Whatproblemdoestheauthorwanttoraiseabouturban

children?_________

A.Theyhavefewfriends.

B.Theyspendmuchtimeonvideos.

C.Theyareunhealthyforlackofexercise.

D.Theylose"freedom"becauseoftheriskysociety.

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inParagraph4

referto?

A.Lowqualityoflife.

B.Lackofpublicspaces.

C.Impropercityplanning.

D.Criticismoncityplanners.

(4)Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Payingattentiontoyoungchildren

B.Thecallforachild-friendlycity

C.Challengesforurbanchildren

D.Problemsinmoderncities

第二节(共1小题；每题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下

面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

15.(12.5分)GriffinKubikspenttwoyearsatChicago

Waldorfpreschoolbeforehisparentspulledtheplugonhisformal

education.The6-year-oldnowspendshisdayswithhisparents

travelingintheirnewlypurchasedtouringcar."(1),

"saidGriffin'smom.

Griffinisoneofabout3.5millionhomeschooledchildrenin

thenation.Thisnumberhasbeengrowingby3to8percenteach

yearsince2012,accordingtotheNationalCenterforEducation

Statistics.(2).Theyrangefromparents'ideastomore

practicalissuesincludingglobally-focusedfamilieswhodon't

wanttotietheirchildrentoasetwayoflearningandschool-based

issues.(3).Thereareparentswhoteachkidsathome

loosely,andotherswhodoafullhomeschoolprogramdelivered

bytutorsandteachersinthehome.

Buthomeschoolingisn'tproblem-free.Aspublicschool

teachers,GenolaJohnsonandherhusbandarehomeschooling

theirchildren."(4).Besides,yourchildlosesinterest

andisbored,whichcanbeduetonosocialinteraction（互动）,

"Johnsonsaid."Youhavetofindwaysforthemtosocializewith

theirpeers（同龄人）regardlessofthemhavingbrothersor

sistersathome."（5）.Intheearlyyears,parentsmay

considerteachingtheirownchildren,butastheyadvance-oras

thechildneedsclassesorotheropportunitiesforsocializing-the

feescanquicklyaddup.

A.Taskscaneasilygetoutofcontrol

B.Homeschoolingisbecomingmoreunacceptable

C.Homeschoolingcanalsobecomeveryexpensive

D.Wesuggestcreatingasetscheduleforhomeschooling

E.Thatgrowingpopularitycanresultfromanumberof

things

F.Homeschoolingalsocanbedesignedtofitafamily's

lifestyle

G.Forourfamily,learningwhiletravelingisofmorebenefit

thangoingtoschool

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分15分）第一节（共1

小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的

A、B,C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

16.（15分）Afewmonthsago,oneofmyfellowgraduate

studentswasofferedanincrediblecareer-building

opportunity.Hiseffortsonastudent-ledcampaigntoincrease

federalfundingforbasicresearchhad(1)aninvitationto

speakonaconferencepanel(专家组).Itwouldlookgreaton

hisCV(简历).1washappyforhim,ofcourse.!hadbeena(n)

(2)partnerinthecampaign.!feltthatIdeservedthesame

opportunity.YetIhadn'tbeen(3)andIwasn'tsurewhy.

Growingup,Ihadbeentaughtthatthewayto(4)was

toputmyheaddownandworkhard.Ifmyworkwasgoodenough,

itwouldspeakforitselfandIwouldbe(5).Thisview,

coupledwithanatural(6),meantthat1(7)worked

upthenervetoputmyselfforward.

However,IdecidedthatIneedto(8)mylifeagain

—bybecomingmyownbiggestadvocate.

So,withmyheartbeatingfast,Iaskedmycolleaguetoask

thepanelorganizersto(9)me.Mymindwasfilledwitha

listofwell-practiced(10).MaybeIdidn'tdeserveit.Maybe

Iwasbeingtooambitious.Butmycolleagueimmediately

contactedtheorganizers,whoquicklyagreedto(11)me

tothepanel.NowI'vecometounderstandthatIcan'tbe

recognizedformywordifI'minvisible.Thisisn'tarevolutionary

ideawhichmanypeopleareunfamiliarwith.Iknow,butasan

introvert(内向的人)thisismy(12)MountEverest(珠

穆朗玛峰).

Ithinkadvocatingformyselfwillalwaysmakemealittle

(13).ButIdoplentyofotheruncomfortablethingsto(14)

I'mlivingmybestlife,likegettingflushots.IsupposeI

candothesameformy(15).

(1)A.referredtoB.ledtoC.turneddownD.put

forward

(2)A.specialB.legalC.strictD.equal

(3)A.informedB.promotedC.invitedD.received

(4)A.successB.practiceC.powerD.reality

(5)A.rewardedB.preservedC.attractedD.affected

(6)A.kindnessB.patienceC.shynessD.discourage

(7)A.rarelyB.frequentlyConstantlyD.completely

(8)A.makesenseofB.findfaultwithC.payattention

toD.takecontrolof

(9)A.benefitB.includeC.observeD.promote

(10)A.accomplishmentB.emphasisC.inspiration

D.Self-doubt

(11)A.trackB.sendC.hireD.add

(12)A.personalB.flexibleC.complicated

D.traditional

(13)A.unreasonableB.uncomfortableC.dishonest

D.discontent

(14)A.demonstrateB.ensureC.illustrateD.predict

(15)A.healthB.colleagueC.careerD.education

第二节(共1小题；每题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面

短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形

式。

17.(15分)WhoinventedtheATM?Therehavebeen(1)

(argue)foryearsoverwhoshouldofficiallygodownin

historyas"theinventoroftheATM”.NowtheUKgovernmentis

(2)(clear)sayingitwasJamesGoodfellow(3)

inventedtheATM.

Backinthemid-1960s,JamesGoodfellowwasworking(4)

adevelopmentengineerforGlasgowfirmKelvinHughes,

andhadbeenchargedwithinventingawaytoenablecustomers

towithdrawcashfrombankswhenSaturdayopeningended.

"Mostpeople(5)(work)duringtheweekcouldn'tget

tothebank.Theywantedasolution.Thesolution(6)(be)

amachinewhichwouldissuecashondemandtoa(7)

(recognize)customer,"hesaid."Isetout(8)(develop)

acash-issuingmachine,andmakethisareality,Iinventedthe

pin(personalidentificationnumber)andanassociatedcoded

token(代币)

Thecashmachinehasbecomeaworld-conqueringpieceof

technology.Therearenow3millionATMsworldwide,with(9)

numberforecasttohit4millionby2O2O.Thegoodnews

forGoodfellowisthatpeoplearebeginningtoknowhimforhis

invention.Even(10)(good)forhim,theHomeOffice

hasnowofficiallyrecognizedhisotherachievements.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分15分)第一节(满分15

分)

18.(15分)假定你是李华，你的笔友Linda因为腿受伤

而不能参加学校舞蹈队比赛，为此她感到失落和沮丧。请你

给她发一封邮件，内容包括：

1.表示安慰；

2.提出建议；

3.你的祝愿。

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给

段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

19.（25分）Nieshacouldnotforgetthewayshehadfrozen

infrontoftheclasstoday.MrRobertshaddividedtheclassinto

groupstodopresentations.WhenitwasNiesha'sturntospeak,

shewassonervousthatherhandshadshakenbadly,hervoice

hadbecomesofteranddiedaway.MrRobertshadkindlyended

Niesha'spartofthepresentationeventhoughshehadclearlynot

finished.HehadalsoaskedNieshatostayafterclassforamoment.

"Niesha.Iknowyou'reshy,butyouworkedhardonthis

project.I'dhatetoseeyougiveuponyourself."MrRobertshad

hesitated,"IfIgiveyouuntiltomorrow,doyouthinkyoucan

findyourcourage?"

Nieshahadnodded,gratefulforthechance.Shehadgoneas

quicklyasshecouldtohernextclass.Shehadkeptherheaddown

andhopedtheschooldaywouldendsoon.

Whenshereachedherbackstepsthatafternoon,shecould

seeawarmlightcomingfromthekitchenwindows.Mommawas

baking.MommastudiedNiesha'sfaceasshecameintothekitchen.

"What'swrong.Niesha?"

TearsshoneinNiesha'sbrowneyes.Shetoldherthewhole

story.Mommawassilentforamoment,herhandsstillbusywith

thecake.

"Whyisitthatyoucantalktomeaboutanythingand

everything,butyoucan'ttalktoyourclass?"Momma

asked.Shesetthetimerandthensaid."Letmeshowyou

something."

NieshafollowedMommatoherbedroom.ThereMomma

showedherabookwithnewspaperclippings（剪报）and

pictures.Inittherewasablueribbon（丝带）thatsaid"FirstPlace"

andapictureofMommawhenshewasveryyoung.Mommasaid,

"Iwonitforpublicspeaking.!startedtheschoolyearastheshyest

girlonthespeechteam,butIendedtheyearastheblueribbon

winner.ltwasn'teasybecauseIwaslackinginconfidence.1

workedhard,andmostlyIfacedmyfears.Youjustneedtofind

yourcourage."

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

HearingMomma'swords,Nieshagazedatthepreciousblue

ribbon,lostinthought.

ThenextdayNieshaagainwalkedtothefrontofthe

classroomtogiveherpresentation.

答案：

ll.CDC

解读：(1)C.细节理解题。根据原文第二段"Featuredfor

itsrelics,architecture,demonstrationandgardens,themuseum

hasbecomeaplaceofculturalandtouristattractionsenjoying

prestigebothathomeandabroadandoneofthethreeexquisite

spotsSichuanhasofferedtotheworldtourism.博物馆以文物、

建筑、展示、园林为特色，已成为国内外享有盛誉的文化旅

游胜地之一，是三大精品之一。四川为世界旅游业提供的景

点。”可知三星堆博物馆是一个著名的文化和旅游胜地。故选

C.

(2)D.数字计算题。根据原文HI.TicketPrice段”⑴

Galleryticket¥72¥36(students)画廊门票¥72¥36(学生)

(2)Gardenticket¥5花园门票¥5Admissionfreeforchildren

under1.2meters(including1.2m),seniorsaged60orabove

andthedisabled.1.2米(含1.2米)以下儿童、60岁以上老年

人、残疾人免费入场。”可知作为一名大学生，你陪你68

岁的爷爷去三星堆博物馆旅行，会花41元来买票。故选D.

(3)C.细节理解题。根据原文V.GuideService&Price段

"(4)WeprovideChinese&Englishautoguidingdevicefreeof

charge.我们免费提供中英文自动导向装置。”可知自纽约的詹

妮弗参观博物馆可以免费使用中英文自动导向装置。故选C.

12.ABCB

解读：(1)A.推理判断题。根据第一段中Butnoneas

memorableasthehomecoming(校友返校聚会)dancewhere

Ilearnedhowtogetovermyfearofspeakingtopeoplemetfor

thefirsttimeandgettoknowmoreaboutmyparents.(但没有

比校友返校舞会更令人难忘的了，在那里我学会了如何克服

和第一次见面的人说话的恐惧，并更多地了解了我的父母)

可知，返校舞会让作者克服了和陌生人说话的恐惧，由此可

推知作者以前是个害羞的人。故选A项。

（2）B.细节理解题。根据第二段中Atfirst,Iwas

extremelynervousbecauseofbeingsurroundedbypeople

unfamiliarandevencouldnotspeakoutaword.（——开始，我非

常紧张，因为周围都是不熟悉的人，甚至说不出一句话）可

知，作者的困境是在不熟悉的环境下感到紧张。故选B项。

（3）C.推理判断题。第三段首句Iremembermybest

friendtellingme"Highschoolreunionsareanexcuseforpeople

ofourparents'agetoactlikekidsevenifonlyforonenight."

（我记得我最好的朋友告诉我：”高中同学聚会是我们父母这

个年纪的人表现得像孩子的借口，即使只有一晚。"）提到朋

友告诉作者父母会在返校舞会上表现得像个孩子，结合下一

句IhadtoagreewithhimwhenIsawmyparentsdancingto

ThrillerbyMichaelJacksonthatnight（那天晚上，当我看到父

母随着迈克尔杰克逊的Thiller起舞时，我不得不同意他的观

点）可知，作者看到父母随着迈克尔杰克逊的Thiller起舞时，

认为朋友说得对，即父母表现得像年轻人一样。故选C项。

（4）B.细节理解题。根据最后一段中Thatwasthenight

Ilearnedhowtobeagentlemanandchatwithpeoplewithsocial

graces.（就在那天晚上，我学会了如何做一个温文尔雅的人，

如何带着社交风度与人交谈）可知，返校舞会对于作者来说

最难忘，是因为他学到了很多社会交往方面的知识。故选B

项。

13.ACBD

(1)A.细节理解题。根据第二段Thesefindingsshowthat

theuseofdeadlyfuelsininefficientstoves,spaceheatersorlights

istoblameformanyofthesedeaths.(这些发现表明，在低效

的炉子、空间加热器或照明中使用致命燃料是造成许多死亡

的原因)可知，室内污染的主要原因是有毒燃料。故选Ao

(2)C.推理判断题。根据第三段WHOofficialssayindoor

pollutionleadstoearlydeathsfromstroke,heartandlungdisease,

childhoodpneumoniaandlungcancer.Womenandgirlsarethe

mainvictims.Thesediseasescanoftenresultfromtheburningof

solidfuels.Thesefuelsincludewood,coal,animalwaste,crop

wasteandcharcoal.(世卫组织官员说，室内污染会导致中风、

心脏病和肺病、儿童肺炎和肺癌等疾病的过早死亡。妇女和

女童是主要受害者。这些疾病往往是由燃烧固体燃料引起的。

这些燃料包括木材、煤炭、动物粪便、作物废弃物和木炭)

可推知，第三段主要是通过列举来展开的。故选C。

(3)B.推理判断题。根据第四段TheUnitedNationsfound

thatmorethan95percentofhouseholdsinsub-SaharanAfrica

dependonsolidfuelsforcooking.ltsayshugepopulationsin

India,ChinaandLatinAmericancountries,suchasGuatermala

andPeru,arealsoatrisk.（联合国发现,撒哈拉以南非洲地区

超过95%的家庭依靠固体燃料做饭。该组织说，印度、中国

以及危地马拉和秘鲁等拉美国家的大量人口也面临风险）可

推知，大多数死亡发生在发展中国家。故选B。

（4）D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中AndinAfricayou

canbuyasolarlampforlessthan$1.00.（在非洲,你花不到

1美元就能买到一盏太阳能灯）可知，D选项”太阳能灯在非

洲很便宜”正确。故选D。

14.CDCB

解读：（1）C.推理判断题.第一段Imagineyouare10

yearsold.Youliveinabigcityandwanttovisityourbestfriend,

afive-minutewalkaway,andthenyoucangotothepark,

another10minutes'walk.提到假设你10岁，你住在大城

市.如果你想去找自己最好的朋友玩，只需要5分钟就可以

走到他家.然后再走10分钟，你就可以到公园了.但是问题

是，你家和朋友家之间有一条危险的大马路.朋友家和公园

之间也有一条大马路.你问爸爸妈妈你可以自己去找朋友

玩吗，他们不准你去.而且他们也没空送你去好朋友家.作

者第一句话首先imagine（做假设），然后第二句话就提出

theproblem（问题）.所以前面的假设主要是为后面的问题

做铺垫.故选C项.

(2)D.推理判断题.第一段Theproblemisthatthere's

abigdangerousroadbetweenyouandyourfriend,andanother

betweenyourfriend'shomeandthepark.Whenyouaskyour

parentsifyoucanwalkthere,theysayno.Buttheyaretoo

busytotakeyoutherethemselves.讲因为一些外在的危险你

不能去朋友家，第二段提到因为不能去朋友家，所以许多孩

子待在家里视频、玩游戏.他们失去了外出锻炼以及与人交

流的机会.这就是城市孩子们的现状.第三段提到TimGill

的观点，孩子友好型城市应该给予孩子们充分的自由.综合

这三段内容，作者主要是提出孩子因为城市危险因素而丧失

了部分自由的问题.故选D项.

(3)C.词义猜测题.由第四段"Society'smistakeis

thatourplanningsystemsjustfocusoncars,house-buildingand

theeconomy-ratherthantheenvironment,healthandquality

oflife,"arguesGill,"Youwon'tfindanyurbanplannerswho

candisagreewiththat.可知，Gill认为我们的城市规划只注

重车辆、房屋建设以及经济而没有考虑环境、健康以及生活

质量这些因素.Youwon'tfindanyurbanplannerswhocan

disagreewiththat.这是一个双重否定句表肯定意义.意思是

所有的城市规划者都赞同这一点.that指代前一句话Gill的

观点，即我们的城市规划不合理.A.Lowqualityoflife.生

活质量低下.B.Lackofpublicspaces.缺乏公共空

间.C.Impropercityplanning.城市规划不当.D.Criticism

oncityplanners.对城市规划师的批评.故选C项.

(4)B.标题推断题.由最后一段"Designingcitieswith

youngpeopleinmind-particularlyoutdoorspacesthatencourage

safemovementandsocialinteraction-standstobeanissueof

growingconcernglobally."可知,作者认为城市设计应考虑

到孩子们的安全以及社交需求.第一段第二段作者提出问

题即孩子们因城市不安全因素丧失活动自由.中间段落提到

了我们现今城市规划的一些问题.最后一段提倡城市设计应

该考虑到孩子们的需求和安全.纵观全文，作者旨在呼吁建

立一个孩子友好型城市.故选B项.

15.GEFAC

解读：(1)G.推理判断题。根据空格上一句"The6-year-

oldnowspendshisdayswithhisparentstravelingintheirnewly

purchasedtouringcar.他的父母才停止了对他的正规教育。这

个6岁的孩子现在每天都和父母一起乘坐他们新买的房车旅

行。”可知G项Forourfamily,learningwhiletravelingisof

morebenefitthangoingtoschool对我们家来说，边旅行边学

习比上学更有益。承接上文符合语境。故选G.

(2)E.细节理解题。根据空格上一句"Thisnumberhas

beengrowingby3to8percenteachyearsince2012,according

totheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics.自2012年以来，

这一数字每年以3%至8%的速度增长。”可知E项That

growingpopularitycanresultfromanumberofthings越来越受

欢迎的原因有很多。"Thatgrowingpopularity"所指的是"3to

8percenteachyear"承接上文符合语境。故选E.

(3)F.推理判断题。根据空格上一句"familieswhodont

wanttotietheirchildrentoasetwayoflearningandschool-based

issues.他们不想把自己的孩子束缚在一套家庭中学习方式和

校本问题。”可知F项Homeschoolingalsocanbedesignedto

fitafamily'slifestyle家庭教育也可以设计成适合一个家庭的

生活方式。承接上文符合语境。故选F.

(4)A.推理判断题。根据本段主旨句"Buthomeschooling

isn'tproblem-free.但在家上学并不是没有问题的。"可知A项

Taskscaneasilygetoutofcontrol任务很容易失控。是问题之

一，承接上文符合语境。故选A.

(5)C.段落大意题。根据本段最后一句"thefeescan

quicklyaddup.费用会很快增加。"可知C项Homeschooling

canalsobecomeveryexpensive在家上学也会变得非常昂贵。

符合本段大意。故选C.

16.(1)-(5)BDCAA(6)-(10)CADBD(11)

-(15)DABBC

解读：

(1)B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.referredto查阅，

提到；B.ledto导致；C.turneddown拒绝；D.putforward提

出。句意：他在一项以学生为主导的、以增加基础研究的资

助的运动中的努力使他受邀在专家组会议上发言。根据下文

"aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel"可知，作者的同学

因为他在此次运动中的努力使(导致ledto)他受邀在专家组

会议上发言。故选B。

(2)D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.special特殊的；B.legal

合法的；C.strict严格的；D.equal平等的。句意：我在活动中

和他是一个同样付出努力的一员。根据下文叮feltthatI

deservedthesameopportunity."可知，作者认为自己应该得到

同样的机会，因此可推知，作者认为自己和同学做出了同等

的努力，是平等的(equal)。故选D。

(3)C.考查动词及语境理解。A.informed通知；

B.promoted提升；C.invited邀请；D.received收到。句意：但

是我没有被邀请，我也不知道为什么。根据上文"Hisefforts

onastudent-ledcampaigntoincreasefederalfundingforbasic

researchhad(1)aninvitationtospeakonaconferencepanel"

可知，作者的同学被邀请发言，而自己没有被邀请(invited)。

故选C。

(4)A.考查名词及语境理解。A.success成功；B.practice

实践；C.power权力，力量；D.reality现实。句意：在成长的

过程中，我一直被教导，成功的方法就是低头努力工作。根

据下文“Ifmyworkwasgooden