2024版高考英语一轮总复习教材复习Unit4NaturalDisasters教师用书新人教版必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisastersⅠ．词块记单词1．therescueworkers救援人员2．damagethebuildings损坏建筑物3．2，400homesdestroyed2400所房屋被毁4．nodeaths,noinjuries没有人员伤亡5．shelterssetupbythegovernment政府搭建的避难所6．uselesspiecesofmetal无用的金属块7．burythedead掩埋死者8．thetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople全市人民的不懈努力9．thewisdomtostaypositive保持乐观的智慧10．providethesupplies提供物资11．staycalm保持冷静12．crashintocoastlines袭击海岸线13．hugewaves巨大的海浪14．strikeamatch划火柴15．deliverfoodandsupplies运送食物和物资Ⅱ．语境记单词1．Hewasshockedattheshockingnews,forIcouldseehisshockedlookonhisface．(shock)2．Youmustlearntobreatheregularly．Otherwise,youwillfeeloutofbreathaftersuchalongrun．(breath)3．Masteringsomebasicskillswillgreatlyincreaseyourchancesofsurvival．Lastweek,thankstotheswimmingskills,heandhisfriendsucceededinsurvivingtheterriblefloodandtheyweretheonlytwosurvivors．(survive)4．Afterhecametopower,everyonesaidhewasapowerfulleader,butnowhefeelssopowerlessthatheevencan'tsavehisdaughter．(power)5．Theroadhasatotallengthoftwomilesonly,sotheworkersdecidetolengthenit．(long)Ⅲ．语境记短语1．Herlifehasnotcometoanend(结束),andshealsodoesn'tknowwhatiswaitingforherahead．2．AlthoughitwasSundayyesterday,Lilygotupearlyasusual(和往常一样)．3．Alwayshaveyourdictionaryonhand(在手头)whenyoustudybecauseitisveryconvenientforyoutorefertoit．4．Wehaven'tcleanedthehouseforafewdays,becausewedon'twanttosweepaway(彻底消除)goodluck．5．ItwasreportedthatanAmericancouplehaddugout(挖出)alotofgoldcoinsfromtheirownyard．6．Thecitylayinruins(成为废墟)aftertheearthquake．Now,rowsofhousesarebeingbuilt．7．Suddenly,alittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse．Seeingthis,Iwasinshock(震惊)．Ⅳ．公式练句型1．这个小男孩太小了而不能举起这块沉重的石头。(too...to...)Thelittleboyistooyoungtoraisetheheavystone．2．他好像已经知道了刚才所发生的一切。(asif)Itseemedasifhehadknownaboutwhathappenedjustnow．3．她正沿着河岸走，这时她听到一阵呼救声。(bedoing...when...)Shewaswalkingalongthebankoftheriverwhensheheardacryforhelp．4．众所周知，山里的空气呼吸起来很舒服。(be＋adj．＋todo)Asweallknow,theairiscomfortabletobreatheinthemountainousareas．5．它们不仅使人们在晚上很难睡觉，而且还损害着我们具有历史价值的房子和商店。(make＋it＋adj．＋todo)Theynotonlymakeitdifficultforpeopletosleepatnight,buttheyaredoingdamagetoourhousesandshopsofhistoricalinterest．1．affectvt．影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动[素养佳句]Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,Internetvotinghasbecomemoreandmorepopular,graduallyaffectingpeople'slifeinallrespects．随着社会的发展，网络投票已经变得越来越流行，逐渐在各方面影响人们的生活。(1)beaffectedby被……侵袭；被……感动beaffectedwithhighfever发高烧(2)effectn．作用；影响；效果；结果haveaneffect/influenceon对……产生影响(3)affectionn．[U]喜爱；钟爱；慈爱haveanaffectionfor喜欢；喜爱——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Bestofall,humorraisesyourenergy,andthatcanhaveaneffectoneverythingyoudoatschool,atwork,orinyourpersonallife．②Affected(affect)withaseriousdisease,hewasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecovery．③Ifeelmuchaffection(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffectonme．④(2022·浙江卷1月)Ifeltsohelplessandinsecurebecausethequalityofmylifewasaffected(affect)．——句式升级Manyyoungpeopleweredeeplyaffectedbyhisstoryandbegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled．⑤Deeplyaffectedbyhisstory,manyyoungpeoplebegantodovolunteerworkforthedisabled．(过去分词短语作状语)2．ruinn．&vt．破坏；毁坏[素养佳句]Somebadfactorsareruiningthefutureoffilmindustry,sogreateffortsshouldbemadetoattractmoreaudience．一些不好的因素正在破坏着电影产业的未来，因此电影产业应该做出巨大努力来吸引更多观众。(1)(lie/be)inruins严重受损；破败不堪bereducedtoruins沦为废墟(2)ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途——单句语法填空①Withtimegoingon,thecastlewhichoncewasverybeautifulisnowcompletelyinruins．②Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook．——句式升级Hemadeamistake,whichruinedhischanceofgoingabroad．③Hemadeamistake,ruininghischanceofgoingabroad．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)ruin,damage,destroy的用法区别：(1)ruin多用于借喻中，指毁坏价值、用途等。它还可作名词，常用于下面的短语中：inruins“严重受损，破败不堪”；(2)damage表示不一定全部毁坏，且损坏部分能修复。damage作名词时，常用于do/causedamageto“对……造成损害”；(3)destroy指彻底毁坏以致很难修复，其名词是destruction。3．buryvt．埋葬；安葬[素养佳句]Thoughburiedinbooksthesedays,Ihavestilljoinedseveralstudentclubsinordertoimprovemyself．虽然这些天我埋头读书，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部以提高自己。(1)beburiedin/buryoneselfin埋头于；专心于beburiedinthought沉思(2)buryone'sfaceinone'shands双手掩面——单句语法填空①Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft．②Burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping．③Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews．——句式升级Hesatatawoodentableandwasburiedinreading．④Hesatatawoodentable,buriedinreading．(过去分词短语作状语)⑤Hesatatawoodentable,buryinghimselfinreading．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)4．suffervt．遭受；蒙受vi．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦[素养佳句]ThoughhavingsufferedalotinZhaziCave,JiangZhujunwouldratherdiethangivein．虽然江竹筠(江姐)在渣滓洞集中营遭受了非人的折磨，但仍然宁死不屈。(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏sufferfrom遭受；患病(2)sufferingn．痛苦；苦难；折磨；让人痛苦的事sufferern．患难者；患病者——单句语法填空①(2020·江苏卷)Later,heworkedinAfrica,wheremanypeoplesufferedfromblindnessforlackofpropertreatment．②Itishardtoimaginethepainandsufferings(suffer)thesepoorpeoplewentthroughduringthewintermonths．——句式升级Johnhassufferedfromlungcancerformanyyears．Hehasdecidedtogiveupsmoking．③Havingsufferedfromlungcancerformanyyears,Johnhasdecidedtogiveupsmoking．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)(1)suffer用作及物动词，表示“遭受；蒙受”，其后常接pain,loss,defeat,poverty,hunger,punishment,hardship,damage等名词作宾语。(2)suffer用作不及物动词，其后常接from，表示“受……之苦；患某种疾病”。5．supplyn．供应(量)；补给；[pl．]补给品vt．供应；供给[素养佳句]Moreover,thecompetitionwillsupplyyouwithachancetodevelopyourcreativityandbuildfriendshipwithotherstudentswhosharethesameinterestwithyou．此外，这次竞争将会给你提供一个机会，帮助你发展创造力，与志同道合的其他学生建立友谊。(1)supplysth．tosb．＝supplysb．withsth．向某人提供某物(2)beinshortsupply短缺alargesupplyof/largesuppliesof大量……的供应——单句语法填空①Thenaturalresources,suchascoalandoil,areinshortsupplyinthiscountry．②Whathappenswhenfoodandgasolinesupplies(supply)runlow?——一句多译我们学校网站每天为我们提供大量的信息。③Ourschoolwebsitesuppliesmuchinformationtouseveryday．(supply...to...)④Ourschoolwebsitesuppliesuswithmuchinformationeveryday．(supply...with...)【联想发散】表示“为某人提供某物”的短语还有：①providesb．withsth．＝providesth．forsb．②offersb．sth．＝offersth．tosb．6．survivevi．生存；存活vt．幸存；艰难度过[素养佳句]Tohelpthemsurvive,weneedtopreservetheirhabitats．为了帮助它们生存，我们需要保护它们的栖息地。(1)survivesth．幸免于；从……中挺/活过来survivefrom从……存活下来；流传下来(2)survivorn．幸存者survivaln．[U]幸存；[C]残存物——单句语法填空①Aftertheplanecrash,whatthesurvivors(survive)coulddowastowaitforrescueonthisdesertisland．②Ifhecouldn'tfindhiswayoutoftheforest,therewouldbelittlechanceofsurvival(survive)．——句式升级Afterwesurvivedthatnight,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright．③Havingsurvivedthatnight,wewereconfidentthateverythingelsewouldbeallright．(动词-ing形式短语作状语)survive表示“幸免于难”时，是及物动词，其后不需要加介词in或from。7．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力[素养佳句](2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Withthepowertoconquerhimself,hecanconqueranythingonthewaytoapromisingfuture．有了征服自己的力量，他就能征服通往美好未来的道路上的任何事情。(1)beinpower掌权，执政(表示状态)cometo/intopower上台，执政(表示动作)in/withinone'spower在某人的能力/权力范围之内outof/beyondone'spower超出某人的能力doall/everythinginone'spower尽力而为；竭尽全力havethepowertodosth．有能力做某事(2)powerfuladj．强有力的，强大的——单句语法填空①Unfortunately，it'sbeyondmypowertogetthroughtheworkinsuchashorttime．②Afterthenewpresidentcameto/intopower,hetookaseriesofmeasurestoimprovepeople'slife．③(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily—andthat'sprettypowerful(power)．④Thoughhehasbeeninpowerfortwoyears,hehasn'tfoundaneffectivesolutiontothecountry'seconomicproblems．——词汇升级(2019·全国Ⅰ卷写作)I'lltrymybesttoperformwellinthevolunteerjob．⑤I'lldoall/everythinginmypowertoperformwellinthevolunteerjob．【联想发散】表示“竭尽全力做某事”的常用表达还有：①makeeveryefforttodosth．②sparenoefforttodosth．8．strikevi．&vt．(struck,struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打；敲；(使)突然想起n．罢工；罢课；袭击[素养佳句]Alltheinternationalstudentsweredeeplystruckbymyintroduction．所有的国际学生都被我的介绍深深地迷住了。(1)bestruckby...被……打动/迷住了Itstrikes/occursto/hitssb．that/...某人想到……strike...intoone'sheart使……刻骨铭心strikesb．in/on＋the＋身体部位打某人某部位(2)be/goonstrike在/进行罢工——写出下列句中strike的词性及含义①Shewaspractisingsurfingwhenasharkstruck．v．袭击②Thevisitorswerestruckbythebeautyofthecountry．v．打动；给……以印象③IheardtheclockstrikingeightwhenIwokeupthismorning．v．(钟)敲④ItstruckmethatIwouldhaveanimportantmeetinginShanghaithenextday．v．(使)突然想起⑤Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandstheyputforwardareturneddown．n．罢工——一句多译我忽然想到我告诉他们的电话号码是错的。⑥ItstruckmethatthephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong．(strike)⑦ItoccurredtomethatthephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong．(occur)⑧IthitmethatthephonenumberIhadtoldthemwaswrong．(hit)9．putup提供；提出；建造；举起；提高；张贴；留宿[素养佳句]AweekbeforeEarthDay,posterswereputuparoundourschool,callinguponustojoinintheactionsforagreenerEarth．地球日的前一周，我们的学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入绿化地球的行动中。putupwith容忍；忍受putforward提出(意见、建议)puton穿上；上演putoff推迟；延期putaway放好(某物)；储存putdown放下；写下；镇压putaside...储存……备用；留下……供专用——写出下列句中putup的含义①Firstheopenedashopandthenputupasignoutsidetheshoptoattractcustomers．张贴②Thosewhoknowtheanswertothequestion,pleaseputupyourhands．举起③Theyagreedtoputtwoforeignstudentsupoverthesummer．留宿④Thegovernmenthaspromisedthattaxeswillnotbeputupagainthisyear．提高⑤(2023·浙江卷1月)Solardeveloperswanttoputuppanelsasquicklyandcheaplyaspossible,sotheyhaven'tgivenmuchthoughttowhattheyputunderthem．建造——完成句子⑥Icanputupwiththehouse'sbeinguntidy,butIhateitifit'snotclean．我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。⑦Thestudentshaveputforwardalotofquestionsthatneedtobesolvedatonce．学生们提出了许多需要马上解决的问题。⑧EveryyearchildrenputasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneytobuyNewYear'spresents．每年孩子们都会拿出一些零花钱来买新年礼物。10．主语＋be＋adj．＋不定式[素养佳句]Thismachineisveryeasytooperate．Anybodycanlearntouseitinafewminutes．这台机器很容易操作。任何人几分钟就可以学会使用。“主语＋be＋adj．＋todo...”句式有以下特点：(1)不定式说明主语在哪些方面存在形容词所表示的特点或性质。(2)不定式所表示的动作虽与句子的主语之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，但通常以主动形式表示被动含义。(3)如果不定式为不及物动词，则后面要有相应的介词。(4)该句式中常用的形容词有easy,hard,difficult,comfortable,(im)possible,pleasant,interesting,exciting,important等。——单句语法填空①Theproblemlooksrathereasy,butinfactitisveryhardtodealwith．②Thestoryisveryinterestingforthestudentstoread(read)．——完成句子③Amongthefourseasonsinayear,summerismyfavourite．Themorningairisgoodtobreathe．在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的季节。早晨的空气呼吸起来棒极了。④Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallysheishardtogetalongwith．尽管这位女士看上去很优雅，但实际上却很难与之相处。11．bedoingsth．when...正在做某事，这时突然……[素养佳句]Jackwasworkinginthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred．杰克正在实验室里工作，这时突然停电了。(1)beabouttodosth．when...＝beonthepointofdoingsth．when...正要做某事，这时突然……(2)had(just)donesth．when...刚做了某事，这时突然……——单句语法填空①Hewasabouttogotoschoolwhenastrongwindbegantoblow．②Thechildrenwereplaying(play)footballontheplaygroundwhenitbegantorain．③Shehadfinished(finish)herhomeworkwhenhermotheraskedhertopractiseplayingthepianoyesterday．——同义句转换Theywereonthepointofgivingupwhenthecaptainencouragedthemfiercelytosavetheship．④Theywereabouttogiveupwhenthecaptainencouragedthemfiercelytosavetheship．选词填空rescue;damage;inshock;onhand;sweepaway;cometoanend;asif;trap;intheopenair;effort1．Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,bothparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort．2．Themeetingcametoanendandhesetdownmanykeypoints．3．Alltheirattemptstorescuethechildfromtheburningbuildingwereinvain．4．Somepeopleworriedthattherapiddevelopmentoftourismmightcausedamagetothelocalenvironment．5．Whethertheirweddingceremonywillbeheldintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather．6．Thekidsareveryfriendlywithherandevenlookuptoherasifsheweretheirownmother．7．Thereareexpertsonhandtogiveyouallthehelpandadviceyouneed．8．I'mstillinshockafterhearingthatbadnews．9．InChina,peoplebelievefirecansweepawaybadluck,so,redmeansgoodluck．10．Firefightershadtobreakthedoordowntoreachthepeopletrappedinside．Ⅰ．语境猜词义1．(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Itwouldworklikethis:AnofficerarrivingatthesceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecentactivity．n．撞车2．(2021·全国乙卷)Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites．v．提供3．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime．n．庇护处4．(2020·天津卷7月)Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl．vt．使镇静5．(2017·北京卷)Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice(器械)thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork．vt．使受电击Ⅱ．一词多义1．(2021·全国乙卷)Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetaco-workingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions．AA．vt．影响B．vt．(疾病)侵袭C．vt．深深打动2．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thesonofagrocer,he'dspentthesummersofhischildhooddeliveringfoodinBernardsville,NewJersey．CA．v．发表B．v．传达C．v．递送Ⅲ．完成句子1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷写作)Upondashingtowardsthefinishingline,awaveofthunderousapplausefloodedin．在冲向终点线时，雷鸣般的掌声如潮水般涌了进来。2．(2021·浙江卷6月写作)Itseemedasifsomethingunpleasanthappened．好像发生了什么不愉快的事情。3．(2020·天津卷7月写作)Itistruethatwemaysufferfromfailurefromtimetotime．However,itisimportantthatweneverlosetheenthusiasmtokeepontrying．确实我们有时可能遭受失败。然而，重要的是我们永远不要失去继续努力的热情。Ⅰ．单词拼写1．Inspiteofgreatefforts(努力),wefailedtocarryoutourplansthrough．2．Toomuchdrinkingwilldodamage(损害)toyourhealth;youshouldtakethedoctor'sadvice．3．Ifyouarelostinthemountains,staycalm(镇静的)inthefaceofdarkness,lonelinessandtheunknown．4．Inordertocatchthebear,somevillagerssetatrap(陷阱)andcovereditwithsomeleaves．5．Asmallplanecrashed(碰撞)intoahillsidefivemileseastofthecity,killingallfourpeopleonboard．6．Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletelydestroyed(摧毁)．7．Afterlearningthattheboyshadbeenlostforalmost20hours,thepolicesentoutarescue(救援)teamtolookforthem．8．ThegovernmentappealedtotheInternationalRedCrosstohelpthepeoplesufferingfromthefloods(洪水)．9．AsfarasI'mconcerned,followingothers'advicewithoutthinkingwillaffect(影响)ourowndecision．10．Theyaskedthelittleboytosweep(打扫)theroomclean．Ⅱ．单句语法填空1．Theaccidentcaused3deaths(die)and20gotinjured,whichhappenedprevioustohisarrivalthere．2．Itstruck(strike)methatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreatmomentforallthegirlsontheteam．3．Thoughthesoldiershavebeenworkingforfifteenhours,theycarryonlookingforsurvivors(survive)inruins．4．Trainingforamarathonrequirescarefulpreparationandgraduallyincreasesinthelength(long)oftheruns．5．Thecountryisbecomingricherandmorepowerful(power)thaneverbefore．6．What'smore,itisanothereffective(effect)waytodealwiththeproblem．7．IwashavingadiscussionwithmyfriendabouthowtoimprovemyEnglishwhenmymothercalledme．8．Allthelistenersweregreatlyshocked(shock)whentheyheardtheterriblenewsontheradio．Ⅲ．补全句子1．我正在看布告栏上的照片，这时我听到身后有个声音。(bedoing...when...)IwaslookingatthephotosonthenoticeboardwhenIheardavoicebehindme．2．虽然李萍不健谈，但与她相处很容易。(主语＋be＋adj．＋todo...)WhileLiPingisnotatalkativegirl,sheiseasytogetalongwith．3．地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。(ruin)Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake,whichmadeusawakeallnight．4．全球变暖正对世界各地数百种植物和动物产生巨大影响。(effect)Globalwarmingishavingagreateffectonhundredsofplantandanimalspeciesaroundtheworld．5．他埋头看报纸，没有注意到发生了什么事。(bury)Buryinghimselfinthenewspaper,hedidn'tnoticewhatwashappening．课时质量评价(五)必修第一册UNIT4主题语境：自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护Ⅰ．阅读理解A(2022·泰安模拟)Whenaheavystormhit,residentsofthefloatingcommunityofSchoonschipinAmsterdamhadlittledoubtaboutwhethertheycouldrideitout．Theytieduptheirbikesandoutdoorbenches,andcheckedinwithneighbourstoensureeveryonehadenoughfoodandwaterastheirneighbourhoodslidupanddownitssteelfoundationalpillars(支柱),risingalongwiththewaterandgoingbacktoitsoriginalpositionaftertherainstopped．“Wefeelsaferinstormbecausewearefloating，”saysSitiBoelen,aDutchtelevisionproducerwhomovedintoSchoonschiptwoyearsago．Assealevelsriseandsuperchargedstormscausewaterstorise,floatingneighbourhoodsofferanexperimentinflooddefencethatcouldallowcoastalcommunitiestobetterfightagainstclimatechange．Afloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshorelineandisabletodealwithrisingseasbyremainingonthetopofthewater'ssurface．Unlikehouseboats,whichcaneasilybemovedandrelocated,floatinghomesarefixedtotheshoreandareusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer(污水管道)systemandpowergrid．Theyarestructurallysimilartohousesbuiltonland,butinsteadofabasement,theyhaveaconcretehull(船体)thatactsasacounterbalance,allowingthemtoremainstableinthewater．Severewindandrain,oreventhepassingoflargecruiseships,canmakethebuildingsrock．SitiBoelen,theSchoonschipresident,saysthatwhenshefirstmovedin,stormyweathermadeherthinktwice．“Youfeelitinyourstomach，”shesays,addingthatshehasgottenusedtothefeeling．Floatinghomesalsorequireextrainfrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricitygridandsewersystem．Butthebenefitsmayoutweighthecosts．“Iftherearefloods,it'sexpectedthatmanypeoplewillmovetohigherground．Butthealternativeistostayclosetocoastalcitiesandexploreexpansionontothewater，”saysRutgerdeGraaf．“Ifyouconsiderthatinthesecondhalfofthecentury,hundredsofmillionsofpeoplewillbedisplacedbysealevelrise,weneedtostartnowtoincreasethescaleoffloatingdevelopments．”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个对抗暴风雨的新方法——漂浮房屋。1．Whatdidlocalresidentsthinkwhenaheavystormhit?A．Theycouldgetthroughit．B．Theycouldcontroltheflood．C．Theycouldgetsomebikesafterit．D．Theycouldgainenoughfoodinit．A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whenaheavystormhit,residentsofthefloatingcommunityofSchoonschipinAmsterdamhadlittledoubtaboutwhethertheycouldrideitout．”可知，当暴雨来袭时，当地居民认为他们可以安然度过。故选A。2．WhatcanweknowaboutSitiBoelen?A．Shehasasenseofsecurityinastorm．B．Shegetsalongwellwithherneighbours．C．ShehasproducedTVsetsusedinthestorm．D．Shemakescontributionstodefendingagainstflood．A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wefeelsaferinstormbecausewearefloating”可知，SitiBoelen在暴风雨中有安全感。故选A。3．HowdoestheauthordescribethefloatinghousesinParagraph3?A．Bylistingfigures．B．Bygivingexamples．C．Byanalysingreasons．D．Bymakingcomparisons．D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Afloatinghousecanbeconstructedonanyshorelineandisabletodealwithrisingseasbyremainingonthetopofthewater'ssurface．Unlikehouseboats,whichcaneasilybemovedandrelocated,floatinghomesarefixedtotheshoreandareusuallyconnectedtothelocalsewer(污水管道)systemandpowergrid．”可知，本段是通过比较来描述漂浮房屋的。故选D。4．What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theimpactsofstormyweather．B．Thesignificanceofthinkingtwice．C．Thehighercostsofbuildinghouses．D．Thechallengesfacedbyfloatinghouses．D段落大意题。根据第四段中的“Severewindandrain...”和“Floatinghomesalsorequireextrainfrastructureandworktoconnecttotheelectricitygridandsewersystem．”可知，第四段主要是关于漂浮房屋面临的挑战。故选D。BWaterissolowinlargestretchesofItaly'slargestriverthatlocalresidentsarewalkingthroughthemiddleoftheexpanseofsandandanoldshipisresurfacing．InaparknearthecentralnorthernvillageofGualtieri,cyclistsandhikersstopincuriositytoobservetheZibello,a50-metre-longshipthattransportedwoodduringWorldWarⅡbutsankin1943．ItwasnormallycoveredbythePo'swaters．“It'sthefirsttimethatwecanseethisship，”saidamateurcyclistRaffaeleVezzal．“I'veneverseensuchadroughtatthistimeofyear—ourmainworrywasourriverflooding,butnowweworryaboutitsdisappearance．”ThedryingupofthePo,whichruns652kilometresfromthenorthwesterncityofTurintoVenice,isjeopardisingthedrinkingwatersupplyinItaly'sdenselypopulatedandhighlyindustrialiseddistrictsandthreateningirrigationinthemostintensivelyfarmedpartofthecountry,knownastheItalianfoodvalley．NorthernItalyhasn'tseenrainfallformorethan110daysandthisyear'ssnowfallisdownby70%．Aquifers(含水层),whichholdgroundwater,areexhausted．Temperaturesof2℃aboveseasonaveragearemeltingthetinysnowfieldsandglaciersthatwereleftonthetopofthesurroundingAlps,leavingthePobasinwithoutitssummerwaterreservoirs．Allthesefactorsareleadingtotheworstdroughtin70years,accordingtothePoRiverBasinAuthority(PRBA)．MeuccioBerselli,secretary-generalofthePRBA,isworkingonaplantoguaranteedrinkingandirrigationwatertomillionsofhouseholdsandtothePovalleyfarmers,whoproduce40%ofItalianfood．TheplanincludeshigherdrainingfromAlpinelakes,lesswaterforhydroelectric(水力发电的)plantsanddistributionofwaterintheupstreamregions．Accordingtoastate-ownedenergyservicesystemoperator,55%oftherenewableenergycomingfromhydroelectricplantsinItalycomesfromthePoanditstributaries．Expertsfe