2023届浙江省湖州、衢州、丽水三地市高三4月教学质量检测英语试题 （解析版）

湖州、衢州、丽水2023年4月三地市高三教学质量检测试卷英语试题卷本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。第I卷注意事项：1．答第1卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2．选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whenwillthenewplayprobablybeonshow?A.InJanuary.B.InFebruary.C.InMarch.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Itissaidthatthefamouswriter’snewplaywillbeonthescreeninJanuaryorFebruary.M:Well,accordingtowhatsomeofficialssaid,wewon’tbeabletowatchtheTVplayuntilMarch.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Librarianandreader.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Max,canyoudomeafavor?Ican’treachthatbookonthetopoftheshelf.M:Sure,Jane.Butthat’stoohigh.IguessweneedtoaskDadforhelp.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Drivingacar.B.Seeingthesunset.C.Climbingthemountains.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Becareful!I’vebeentoldthispartisverysteepwithhardrocks.M:IthinkIneedabreak.Wedrovetwohourstogethere.I’mtooexhaustedtokeepclimbing.W:Butifwedon’thurry,wecannotseethesunset.M:Allright,then.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atastore.B.Atabank.C.Atanoffice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Thislinedoesn’tseemtobemoving.Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?M:Yes.Theautomaticmachineisn’tworking,sopeoplehavetobehere.W:Toobad.Ineedtogetbacktotheoffice,butIalsohavetowithdrawsomemoney.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whyisthewomananxious?A.Shedoesn’thaveanyprojects.B.Shecan’tfinishherworkontime.C.Herbosspushedthedeadlinesforward.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mike,Ididn’tsleepabitlastnight.M:Why?What’sbotheringyou?W:Well,I’munderalotofpressure.Mybossisveryambitiousandheassignedmethreeprojectslastmonth.Nowthedeadlinesareapproaching,butIstillhaven’tfinishedanyofmyprojects.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanwanttodoatfirst?A.Changeacamera.BRepairacamera.C.Returnacamera.7.Whydidthewomansaynototheman?A.Helostthereceipt.B.Heboughtaprotectionplan.C.Hebrokethecameraonpurpose.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】W:CanIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes.Thiscameradoesn’tworkproperly.I’dliketoreturnitandgetmymoneyback.W:Doyouhavethereceipt?M:Er…no.Imusthavedroppeditsomewhere.Ijustboughtthecameraafewdaysago.W:Didyoupurchaseaprotectionplan?M:No,Ididn’t.W:I’msorry,sir.Ourreturnpolicystatesthatifcustomersdon’thaveareceiptoraprotectionplan,theycannotreturntheitems.M:ButIjustboughtit!Isn’tthereanythingyoucando?W:Well,youcan’treturnthecamera,butyoucanexchangeitforanotherone.M:Okay,thanks.Hopefullythenewonewillwork.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhywillStevegotoBoston?A.Forvacation.B.Forwork.C.Forstudy.9.WhatdoesJennysuggestJackdo?A.Findanewjob.BLiveinBoston.C.Forstudy.10.HowdoesJacksoundintheend?A.Grateful.B.Depressed.C.Thinkpositively.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【解析】【原文】W:Youlookupset,Jack.What’swrong?M:Oh,mybrotherStevejusttoldmehegotajobinBostonandhe’smovingaway.W:That’sgreatnews.Youshouldbehappyforhim.M:IknowIshould,butBoston’ssofaraway.Mybrotherhasalwaysbeenmyrockandit’smyfirstyearinhighschool.W:Don’ttakeittoobadly.Youcanvideochatwithhim.Youwon’tfeelhe’sfaraway.M:That’strue,Isuppose.Butstill,itwouldbebetterifhefoundajobhere.W:Comeon.Bostonisareallycoolcity.Youcangothereforvacations.M:You’reright.Icanflythereinsummer.Thanks,Jenny.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthemembership?A.$95.B.S110.C.$260.12.Wherecanthemanbuythekit?A.Fromashop.B.Fromawebsite.C.Fromtheclub.13.Whatisthewomanprobably?A.Amanager.B.Afitnesstrainer.C.Fromtheclub.【答案】11.B12.B13.C【解析】【原文】W:Hello,SouthCityCyclingClub.M:Oh,hi.Er…Iwanttofindouthowtojointheclub.W:OK.Icanhelpyouwiththat.Well,therearebasicallytwotypesofadultmembership.Ifyou’reprettyseriousaboutcycling,thereistheFullMembership.Thatcosts$260.Ifyoujustwanttodosomecyclinginyourfreetime,you’dbetterbewiththeRecreationalMembership.M:I’llgowiththeRecreationalMembership,Ithink.W:That’s$110ifyou’reover19,and$95ifyou’reunder.M:I’m25.W:Andonceyou’reamember,you’realsopermittedtowearourkitwhenyou’reoutcycling.M:Yes,I’veseencyclistswearingit.So,canIbuythatatthecluboratashoppingmall?W:No,it’smadetoorderbyacompanyinBrisbane.Youcanfindthemonline.They’recalledJerriz.Youcanuseyourmembershipnumbertoputinanorderontheirwebsite.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Hostingaprogram.B.Havingajobinterview.C.Doinganenvironmentaltest.15.Whathappenedtotheanimalsinthedisasterashorttimeago?A.Thefishwerecoveredwithoil.B.Thebirdsdiedofararedisease.C.Thewhaleswerewashedupontheshore.16.HowdoesthewomanfindKevin’sjob?A.Interesting.B.Difficult.C.Easy.17.WhydidKevinchoosethejob?A.Helikedoutdooractivities.B.Heenjoyedstayingatthecoast.C.Hewasinterestedintheoceansystem.【答案】14.A15.A16.B17.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening,everyone!OurguestisKevinOlsen.Kevinworksonacoast.Hisjobistorescuewhales,fishandseabirdswhentheygetintotroublewithpollution.Welcometotheprogram,Kevin.M:Gladtobehere,thankyou.W:Whatdoyoudoinyourjob?M:Ispendalotoftimewithseaanimals,tryingtolearnwhatthingstheyneedintheenvironment.Ifweknowthat,wecanhelpthemsurviveinthefuture.W:Canyoutellussomethingaboutthedisasterashorttimeago?M:OK.Whathappenedrecentlyistheoildisaster,thebirdshadoilontheirwings,sotheycouldn’tfly.Andtheycouldn’teatthefishbecausethefishwerecoveredwithoil.W:Whydidyouchoosethisjob?It’stoughsinceyouhavetoworkoutdoors.M:Well,Iwasalwaysinterestedintheworldoftheoceanandhowtheplantsandanimalsfittogetherintheirsystem.W:Thankyouforcomingandsharingyourstorywithouraudience,Kevin.M:Mypleasure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatmadethewhiteT-shirtspopular?A.Afashionshow.B.Hollywoodmovies.C.TheAmericansoldiers.19.WhendidthefashionforT-shirtsforwomenstart?A.In1948.B.In1959.C.In1970.20.WhydidpeoplewearT-shirtswith“FreeAngela”?A.Forablackleader.B.Forafashiondesigner.C.ForanAmericanactress.【答案】18.B19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:WhiteT-shirtsareverycommoninourdailylife.ButdoyouknowthehistoryofthewhiteT-shirts?Well,whitecottonT-shirtswerefirstwornbytheUSNavyandby1948,everyAmericansoldierwaswearingonetoo.ButitwasHollywoodfilmsthatmadetheT-shirtreallypopular:actorsMarlonBrandoandJamesDeanworeclassicwhiteT-shirtsinOntheWaterfrontandRebelWithoutaCause.Afterthesefilms,everyyoungmanwantedtowearone.Womendidn’tbegintowearT-shirtsuntiltheendofthe1950s.Inthe1959FrenchfilmBreathless,AmericanactressJeanSebergworeaT-shirtadvertisinganEnglishlanguagenewspaper.ThisstartedanewfashionforT-shirtsforwomen.Later,theT-shirtbecameawayofsayingsomethingimportant.Forexample,soonaftertheblackAmericanleaderAngelaDeviswenttoprisonin1970,peopleallaroundtheworldwerewearingT-shirtswiththemessage“FreeAngela”.Inthe1970s,FrenchfashiondesignerYvesSaintLaurentdesignedafamousblueT-shirtwithhisnameinwhiteletters.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ABESTOFTHEWORLDOurannuallisthighlightstraveldestinationsthatinspireconnectionsandwonder.Herearefourstartingpointstolaunchyourowntravelplan.DodecaneseIslands,GreeceWavesofconquerors-Romans,Ottomans,Italians-lefttheirfingerprintsoneverythingfromthearchitecturetothefoodontheseGreekislands.Today’sinvaderscomenotforfortunebutforselfies(自拍).Nowlessvisitedpartsoftheisles，likeKarpathos，hopetobalancetheeconomicneedfortourismwiththeenvironmentalstressescausedbyit.TuliBlock,BotswanaTravelerstoBotswanahavebecomemoreinterestedinseeingmorecraft-basedtoursandvillagehomestayssinceCOVID.ANationalGeographicexplorer,Mookod,isestablishinganeducationprogramin10remotevillages,whichshowsthevillageteachershowtoweavetheenvironmentandlocalcultureintotheirlessons.Louangphabang,LaosThepandemicclosedthebordersofmanytourism-dependentcountrieslikeLaos.ButtheSoutheastAsiannationhopestheChinese-constructedbullettrainwillboostdomestictravel.Its260-mileroutewithinLaosstartsatthebordertownofBoten,crossesmorethan70tunnelsand160bridges,runsthroughLouangphabang,andendsinthecapital,Vientiane.Choquequirao,PeruChoquequiraoisoneofthemostremoteIncasitesinthePeruvianAndes.Numeroustemples,terraces(梯田)，andsquaresareyettobefullyunearthed.ButnewinfrastructureplansareexpectedtoboostvisitstoMachuPicchu’ssistercity.21.WhatwouldtravelersliketodomostonDodecaneseIslands?A.Admireancientbuildings. B.Enjoytastyfood.C.Makeafortune. D.Takebeautifulphotos.22.Whichtraveldestinationbestsuitspeoplewhopreferrailwayjourneys?A.DodecaneseIslands. B.TuliBlock.C.Louangphabang. D.Choquequirao.23.WhatdoTuliBlockandChoquequiraohaveincommon?A.Theybothhaveasistercity.B.Theybothhaveaneducationprogram.C.Theybothofferexperiencesinruralareas.D.Theybothofferaccommodationinlocalfamilies.【答案】21.D22.C23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个登上了年度榜单的旅游目的地。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“DodecaneseIslands,Greece”部分的“Today’sinvaderscomenotforfortunebutforselfies(今天来的旅游者不是为了财富，而是为了自拍)”可知，游客到多德卡尼斯群岛最喜欢的是拍照，故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“Louangphabang,Laos”部分的“ButtheSoutheastAsiannationhopestheChinese-constructedbullettrainwillboostdomestictravelIts260-mileroutewithinLaosstartsatthebordertownofBoten,crossesmorethan70tunnelsand160bridges,runsthroughLouangphabang,andendsinthecapital,Vientiane.(但这个东南亚国家希望中国建造的子弹头列车能促进国内旅行。其在老挝境内的260英里路线始于边境城镇磨丁，穿过70多条隧道和160多座桥梁，穿过琅勃拉邦，终点为首都万象。)”可知，琅勃拉邦省最适合乘坐火车旅行的人，故选C项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据“TuliBlock”部分的“ANationalGeographicexplorer,Mookod,isestablishinganeducationprogramin10remotevillages,whichshowsthevillageteachershowtoweavetheenvironmentandlocalcultureintotheirlessons.(国家地理探险家穆科德正在10个偏远村庄建立一个教育项目，向乡村教师展示如何将环境和当地文化融入他们的课程中)”以及“Choquequirao”部分的“ChoquequiraoisoneofthemostremoteIncasitesinthePeruvianAndes.(乔奎拉奥是秘鲁安第斯山脉中最偏远的印加遗址之一)”可知，TuliBlock和Choquequirao两个地区的共同之处是能给游客提供乡村旅行的体验，故选C项。BThetopic“slashyouth”,referringtothoserefusingtobedefinedorboundbyjustonepersonalidentityandchoosingtoundertakemultiplecareers,hasfueledheateddebateonsocialmedia.OnDouban,aChinesesocialnetworkingplatform,thetopichasattractedabout11,000postsandhasbeenviewedover400milliontimes.China’syoungpeoplearekeentosharetheirslashyouthstoriesonline,presentingthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseandmodel,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandmusician.XingEryang,a31-year-oldfemaleresidentinBeijing,foundedtheDoubantopicin2021.Whilestayingdiligentaboutherdaytimework,sheisdevelopingherhobbies,includingstand-upcomedyandvlogging,intosecondarycareersduringhersparetime.Andsheisamazedtofindher“slashlife”philosophyfollowedbysomanyofherpeers.Weiheng,a26-year-oldwomaninGuangzhou,andTangYuhan,a27-year-oldmaninXuanchengcity,Anhuiprovince,arebothparticipantsinthetopic,withtheirstoriesearningthousandsoflikessofar.Thetwoarebothmusiciansintheirsparetime,eventhoughtheyarethousandsofmilesapartandhavedifferentjobsinmediaandfinance.Theirpassionformusichasgrownsincecollegeandtheydidn’tabandontheirenthusiasm,evenafterenteringtheworkplace.Theirreactionshowedthegapbetweentheyoungandformergenerations.“Myparentsusedtosay,‘musiccannotearnyoumoney’,sothebandthingwasregardedasawasteoftime.However,wewanttopursuewhateverweloveandarewillingtopayforit.”saysWeiheng.“The‘slashlife’mania(狂热)showsthat,alongwithChina’seconomicdevelopment,oursocietyisbecomingmoreandmorediversifiedandinclusive,anditwelcomeseveryone’sself-fulfillment,”saysShiYanrong,anassociateresearcherfromTianjinAcademyofSocialSciences.“Youngpeoplenolongerhavetorelyonworkandmoneyfortheirsenseofself-worth.Theytendtopracticeacarpediem(活在当下)philosophyandcreatetheirownidentities.”24.Whatare“slashyouth”morelikelytodo?A.CreateatopiconDouban.B.Takediverseoccupations.C.Becomeastand-upcomedian.D.Sharetheirownstoriesonline.25.WhichofthefollowingamazesXingEryang?A.Otheryoungpeople’spositiveresponse.B.Hobbiesdevelopedwhileworking.C.Thegrowingsocialnetworkingplatform.D.ThousandsoflikesearnedonDouban.26.WhatdidWeihengandTangYuhandotopursuetheirmusicalcareer?A.Theysenttheirstoriesonlinetogainmorefunds.B.Theysharedsimilarinterestsinboththeirhobbiesandjobs.C.Theyneverlostpassionformusiceveniftheyhadtoquitcollege.D.Theystuckwiththeirdreamdespitetheoldergeneration’sopinion.27.AccordingtoShiYanrong,whatisoursociety’sattitudetothe“slashlife”?A.Doubtful. B.Supportive.C.Unfavorable. D.Indifferent.【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。“斜杠青年”指的是那些拒绝被一个个人身份定义或约束，选择从事多种职业的人。文章主要介绍了中国的年轻人所追求的“斜杠生活”。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“China’syoungpeoplearekeentosharetheirslashyouthstoriesonline,presentingthemselvesasmultipleandsometimesdistinctidentities,suchasanurseandmodel,ateacherandstand-upcomedian,andanengineerandmusician.(中国的年轻人热衷于在网上分享他们的同龄人的故事，他们把自己塑造成多重身份，有时甚至是截然不同的身份，比如护士和模特，教师和单口相声演员，以及工程师和音乐家。)”可知，“斜杠青年”更可能从事多种职业，故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Andsheisamazedtofindher“slashlife”philosophyfollowedbysomanyofherpeers.(她惊讶地发现，她的“斜杠生活”哲学被如此多的同龄人所遵循。)”可知，“斜杠生活”哲学被如此多的同龄人所遵循，即年轻人对“斜杠生活”的反应是积极的，由此可推知，邢二阳惊讶于其他年轻人对“斜杠生活”的积极反应。故选A。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theirpassionformusichasgrownsincecollegeandtheydidn’tabandontheirenthusiasm,evenafterenteringtheworkplace.(从大学开始，他们对音乐的热情就不断增长，即使在进入职场之后，他们也没有放弃自己的热情。)”和第四段“Theirreactionshowedthegapbetweentheyoungandformergenerations.“Myparentsusedtosay,‘musiccannotearnyoumoney’,sothebandthingwasregardedasawasteoftime.However,wewanttopursuewhateverweloveandarewillingtopayforit.”saysWeiheng.(他们的反应表明了年轻一代和上一代之间的差距。“我父母过去常说，‘音乐赚不到钱’，所以组建乐队被认为是浪费时间。然而，我们想追求我们所热爱的一切，并愿意为之付出代价。”魏恒说。)”可知，魏恒和唐雨涵为了追求他们的音乐事业都不顾老一辈人的意见坚持自己的梦想。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““The‘slashlife’mania(狂热)showsthat,alongwithChina’seconomicdevelopment,oursocietyisbecomingmoreandmorediversifiedandinclusive,anditwelcomeseveryone’sself-fulfillment,”saysShiYanrong,anassociateresearcherfromTianjinAcademyofSocialSciences.(天津社会科学院副研究员史艳荣表示：“‘斜杠生活’狂热表明，随着中国经济的发展，我们的社会正变得越来越多元化和包容性，它欢迎每个人的自我实现。”)”可推知，根据史艳荣，我们社会对“斜杠生活”的态度是支持的，故选B。CIncountriesaroundtheworld,womendomoreunpaidlabor-housework,childandeldercare,andthementalloadofmanagingafamilythanmen.Newresearchsuggestsittakesahealthtoll(代价)onmanyofthem.Ananalysisof19studiescovering70,310peopleglobally,whichispublishedthismonthinTheLancet(柳叶刀)PublicHealth,foundthatthemoreofthislaborwomendo,theworsetheirmentalhealth.Thefindingspointoutwomenaremoreoftendiagnosedwithanxietyanddepressionthanmen.Houseworkandchildcare,theresearchfound,havemuchlessofanimpactonmen’smentalhealth.That’sprobablybecausetheydosomuchlessofit.IntheUnitedStates,womendoanaverage4.5hoursofsuchworkaday,comparedwith2.8hoursformen,accordingtodatafromtheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopment.InGreece,womendo4.3hourswhilemendoanhourandahalf.Eveninthemostgender-equalcountries,likeSweden,womendo50minutesmoreadaythanmen.It’salsobecausethetypeofsuchworkmendoisgenerallylesstime-sensitive.Forexample,menaremoreoftenresponsibleforoutdoortasks,likemowingthelawn,thataredonelessoftenandontheirownschedule.Womenaremorelikelytotakeondailytasksthatneedtobedoneatcertaintimes,likepreparingmealsorcleaningup.Socialexpectationsprobablyalsoplayarole.Studieshaveshownthatwomenfeelpressuretokeeptheirhomesclean,forinstance,andfeeljudgediftheydon’t.Men,ontheotherhand,areoftenpraisedfordoingdailytasksliketakingachildtoanappointment.TheLancetresearcherssaidthatdrawingclearconclusionsfromthe19studieswasdifficultandthatmoreresearchwouldbewelcome.28.Howdoestheauthorshowtheresearchfindingsinparagraph2and3?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bylistingfigures.C.Bymakinganalysis.D.Bytellingstories.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“time-sensitive“meaninparagraph4?A.Flexible.B.Valuable.CDemandingintiming.D.Challenginginskills.30.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph5?A.Womenaregenerallyexpectedtodomorehouseholdlabor.B.Womenwillbepunishedbyjudgesiftheydon’tkeeptheirhomesclean.C.Menfeelstressedmoreoftenwhentheycan’ttaketheirchildrentothedentist.D.Menaresupposedtotakeachildtoanappointmentinsteadofdoingotherhousework.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Factsthatmenandwomenareunequal.B.Badeffectsthathouseworkhasonwomen.C.Responsibilitiesthatwomenshareinfamilies.D.Reasonswhyunpaidlaborhurtswomenmorementally.【答案】28.B29.C30.A31.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了发表在《柳叶刀》上的一项对全球70310人的19项研究的分析发现，女性从事的劳动越多，她们的心理健康状况就越差。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Ananalysisof19studiescovering70,310peopleglobally(本月发表在《柳叶刀》上的一项对全球70310人的19项研究的分析发现)”以及第三段“IntheUnitedStates,womendoanaverage4.5hoursofsuchworkaday,comparedwith2.8hoursformen(在美国，女性平均每天做4.5小时的此类工作，而男性为2.8小时)”可知，作者在第二段和第三段是通过列举数字展示研究成果，故选B项。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文“Forexample,menaremoreoftenresponsibleforoutdoortasks,likemowingthelawn,thataredonelessoftenandontheirownschedule.Womenaremorelikelytotakeondailytasksthatneedtobedoneatcertaintimes,likepreparingmealsorcleaningup.(例如，男性更经常负责户外任务，比如修剪草坪，而这些任务的频率较低，而且是按照自己的时间表完成的。女性更有可能承担某些特定时间需要完成的日常任务，比如做饭或打扫卫生)”可知，男性负责的任务对时间的要求没有女性高，可推理出第四段中time-sensitive的含义应为：对时间要求高的，故选C项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Studieshaveshownthatwomenfeelpressuretokeeptheirhomesclean,forinstance,andfeeljudgediftheydon’t(例如，研究表明女性会因需要保持家里清洁更感到有压力，如果不这样做，她们会受到评判)”可知，妇女被期望从事更多的家务劳动，故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Incountriesaroundtheworld,womendomoreunpaidlabor-housework,childandeldercare,andthementalloadofmanagingafamily-thanmen.Newresearchsuggestsittakesahealthtoll(代价)onmanyofthem(在世界各国，女性比男性做更多的无偿劳动家务、照顾孩子和老人，以及管理家庭的精神负担。新的研究表明，这会对他们中的许多人造成健康损失)”、再根据第三段“Houseworkandchildcare,theresearchfound,havemuchlessofanimpactonmen’smentalhealth.(研究发现，家务劳动和儿童保育对男性心理健康的影响要小得多)”以及第五段“Socialexpectationsprobablyalsoplayarole.(社会期望可能也起到了一定作用)”可知，本文第一段提出了无偿劳动家务对妇女有心理健康危害这一研究发现，后续段落对这一研究发现进行了原因分析和解释，故选D项。DHumansarenottheanimalkingdom’sonlysuperfansoffashion.Tits(山雀)canbefashion-victims,too,apparently.Astudy,publishedinBehavioralEcologyandSociobiologybySonjaWildandLucyAplin,showsthat,giventhechance,theydecoratetheirnestswiththisseason’smust-havecolor.DrWildandDrAplinwerefollowingupworkpublishedin1934byHenrySmithWilliams,anAmericannaturalist.Henoticedthatwhenheputvariouscoloredballsofwooloutinhisgarden,almostalwaysoneandonlyonebecamepopularthatseason,integratedintolocalbirds’nests.Butwhichparticularcolorwasfavoredvariedfromseasontoseason.Thissuggestedthatthecolorchosenbyoneoftheearlybirdswasspottedandcopiedbyothers.Williams’sworkwas,however,forgottenuntilDrWildandDrAplincameacrossitwhilefollowinguponadifferentstudy.Thestudynotedthat,duringanygivenbreeding(繁殖)season,thebluetitstheywereinvestigatingtendedtointegratethesameherbalplantsintotheirnestsregardlessofhowabundantthoseherbsactuallywere.This,too,suggestedfashion-following-anditlikewiseledDrWildandDrAplintoinferthatbirdswerestudyingthenestsofothersandcopyingthem.TheythereforesetouttorerunWilliams’sexperiment,butthistimetocollectsomeactualnumbers.Thebirdstheyfollowedwerepartofawell-monitoredpopulationofblue,greatandmarshtitsinawoodneartheinstitute.Ofthe68tits‘nestsbuiltthatseasonintheexperimentalareas,26containedwool,including18ofthecolorofwoolchosenbythefirstnestbuilder.Tits,then,doseemtobe“ontrend”whenitcomestonest-buildingmaterials.Whythatshouldhappenremainsunclear.DrWildandDrAplinsuspectthetrendsettersareolderbirds,andyoungeronessimplyfollow.Williams’soriginalwork,though,suggestssuchinitialchoicesarerandom.Abitlikethoseoftheleadersofhumanfashions.32.Whatdoweknowabouttitsfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Titschoosethesamecolorallthetime.B.Titssufferalotfromfollowingfashion.C.Titstendtocopyothersinbuildingtheirnests.D.Titsliketofollowfellowbirds’behaviorinmostcases.33.WhydidDrWildandDrAplinrerunWilliam’sexperiment?A.ToofferguidanceforWilliam.B.Tostudybirds’nests.C.Toprovebirds’modellingbehavior.D.Toinvestigatebirdbreeding.34.WhatcanwelearnaboutDrWildandDrAplin’sexperiment?A.Theybelievedoldertitschosecolorsatrandom.B.Theyknewexactlywhytitsfollowedthefirstnestbuilder.C.Theydiscoveredmosttitsusedwoolinbuildingtheirnests.D.Theyassumedoldertitsweretheonestoleadthetrend.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?ATits:FashionFollowersB.NestBuilding:ColorsFirstC.Birds:HumanFollowersD.ScientificResearch:NumbersFirst【答案】32.C33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍山雀也可能成为时尚的追求者。SonjaWild和LucyAplin在《行为生态学与社会生物学》上发表的一项研究表明，如果有机会，它们会用本季必备的颜色装饰巢穴。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Astudy,publishedinBehavioralEcologyandSociobiologybySonjaWildandLucyAplin,showsthat,giventhechance,theydecoratetheirnestswiththisseason’smust-havecolor.(SonjaWild和LucyAplin在《行为生态学与社会生物学》上发表的一项研究表明，如果有机会，它们会用本季必备的颜色装饰巢穴)”以及第二段“Thissuggestedthatthecolorchosenbyoneoftheearlybirdswasspottedandcopiedbyothers.(这表明，之前的鸟选择的颜色被其他鸟类发现并复制了)”可知，山雀在筑巢时会模仿其他鸟，故选C项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“This,too,suggestedfashion-following-anditlikewiseledDrWildandDrAplintoinferthatbirdswerestudyingthenestsofothersandcopyingthem.TheythereforesetouttorerunWilliams’sexperiment(这也表明了时尚的追求。同样地，这也让Wild和Aplin博士推断出鸟类正在研究其他鸟类的巢穴并复制。因此，他们着手重新进行威廉姆斯的实验)”推知，DrWild和DrAplin重新进行试验的目的是要证明山鸟的模仿行为，故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“DrWildandDrAplinsuspectthetrendsettersareolderbirds,andyoungeronessimplyfollow(Wild和Aplin认为有可能引领潮流的是年纪较大的鸟类，而年纪较小的则紧随其后)”可知，DrWildandDrAplin猜想年纪较大的山雀是时尚潮流的引领者，故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Tits(山雀)canbefashion-victims,too,apparently.(显然，山雀也可能成为时尚的追求者)”以及第二段“Thissuggestedthatthecolorchosenbyoneoftheearlybirdswasspottedandcopiedbyothers.(这表明，其中一只早期鸟类选择的颜色被其他鸟类发现并复制了)”以及第三段“TheythereforesetouttorerunWilliams’sexperiment,butthistimetocollectsomeactualnumbers.(因此，他们开始重新进行威廉姆斯的实验，但这次是为了收集一些实际数字)”还有最后一段“DrWildandDrAplinsuspectthetrendsettersareolderbirds,andyoungeronessimplyfollow(Wild和Aplin认为有可能引领潮流的是年纪较大的鸟类，而年纪较小的则紧随其后)”可知，第一段提出了山雀可能事实上追求者这一话题，后续段落对这一现象进行了原因分析和解释，所以最佳标题应为：山雀是时尚的追求者，故选A项。C.Birds:HumanFollowers第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Establishinghealthyboundarieswithyourselfwillhelpyoustaywithinyourrangeofcontrolandprioritizewhatmattersmost.Herearesometips.BehonestwithyourselfBehindeveryfancypurchaseisadesireforstatusandrecognition.Yousecretlywanttobenoticedforwearinganewwatchorcarryingadesignerpurse.___36___Sobeforetakingactiontowardsanyendeavor,suchasmakinganexpensivepurchaseorpursuingajobpromotion,askyourself,“WhoamIdoingthisfor?”___37___However,ifyouarepursuingsomethingwiththehopesofattractingattention,thenyouneedtosaynotoyourself.HonoryourlimitsYoucan’tbeeverythingforeveryone.Tryingtopleaseeveryonemakesyouvulnerable.___38___Itisimportantthatyouarewisewithyourresources.TheimportanceofhonoringyourlimitsishighlightedbytheGreekmythologicalstory.Thestoryisareminderthatpushingyourselftoohardfortoolongultimatelycomesatacost.StopcomparingyourselftoothersPeoplewillengageinbehaviorsthattriggeryou.ItmightbetemptingtoenteranundeclaredcompetitionwiththeJoneses.Thisapproachdoesnotworkbecausethereisalwayssomeoneouttherewhohasmoreofwhatyoudesire.Stopcomparingyourselftoothers.___39___Focusonlivingameaningfullifethatisconsistentwithyourvaluesandgoals.BefairtoyourselfYouarelikelyyourworstcritic.Yousecretlysaythingstoyourselfthatyouwouldneverhavethehearttotellothers.Remembertohaverealisticexpectationsofyourself.___40___Ifthegoalisunrealistic,thenyouhavetosaynoandadjustyourexpectations.A.Youcriticizeyourselfforshortcomings.B.Thetruthisyouhavelimitedenergyandtime.C.Therealityisthatyouarenotbeingrecognized.D.Whatsomeoneisdoingwiththeirlifehasnothingtodowithyou.E.Ifapursuitwilltrulyimprovethequalityofyourlife,thengoforit.F.Thesamecanbesaidaboutotherpursuitssuchasaccumulatingwealthandstatus.G.Whenyousetgoals,considerwhetheryouhavesetthestandardatareasonablelevel.【答案】36.C37.E38.B39.D40.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“对自己建立健康的界限将有助于你保持在自己的控制范围内，并优先考虑最重要的事情”提出了几点建议。【36题详解】根据上文“Yousecretlywanttobenoticedforwearinganewwatchorcarryingadesignerpurse.(你偷偷地想因为戴了一块新