专题09语法填空精练精析（答题技巧题型精练）-2022-2023学年八年级英语上学期期末考点大串讲（人教版）（原卷版）

专题09语法填空精练精析【答题技巧】技巧一：名词形式变化名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。例：Therearemanystudentslivingatschool，the(child)housesareallfarfromschool．由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。技巧二：动词形式变化动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。例：Atalk(give)tomorrowiswrittenbyProfessorZhang.句中的iswritten是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——tobegiven。技巧三：代词形式变化代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如noone／none、other／another等。例：Thekingdecidedtoseethepainterby(he).由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前Imore／less和most／least，且形容词的最高级还要冠以the。例：Iam(tall)thanLiuWen．Heisthetalleststudentsinmyclass．此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“lesstall”。技巧五：数词形式变化数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式once／twice例：TomythreesonsIleavemyseventeenhorses．Myeldestsonshalltakeahalf，mysecondsonshalltakea(three).从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得ahalf，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。技巧七：固定短语结构根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。例1：Thechildrenwereplayingontheground，enjoying，dirtybuthappy.从句中的happy可以猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enjoyoneself短语，故其答案为themselves。例2：Hisbosswasangryastofirehim．如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语soasto...，所以，so是正解。【题型精练】（一）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Leisureactivities(业余活动)areveryimportantnow.Theyarethekindsofthingspeopleliketodotorelaxandenjoy____1____(they)whentheyarenotworkingorgoingtoschool.Leisureactivitiesplay____2____importantpartinpeople’slives.Inthepast,there____3____(be)fewleisureactivities.Childrenoftengottogethertoplayhide-and-seek.People____4____(usual)playedcardsorchessinthestreet.Fewpeoplehadchancestotravel.Watchingoperasandlistening____5____theradiowerethemainactivitiesintheirsparetime.Sincethereformandopeningup(改革开放),Chinahasdevelopedrapidly.Chinesepeoplespendmoretimeon____6____(take)variouskindsofleisureactivities.Alotofpeoplelovebothtoplay____7____towatchteamsportslikebasketballorfootballbecausetheyare____8____(interest)inthem.Manypeoplestayathome,havingarest,reading____9____(book)andwatchingTV.YoungpeopleliketoplaygamesonputersorchatontheInternet.Inrecentyears,moreandmorepeoplelovetotravelduringvacation.Theygotovisitsomeplacesofinterest,andsomepeopleevenhaveatourabroadtoseetheworld.Chinesepeoplenowhavethetimeandchancetodo____10____(many)kindsofleisureactivitiesthanbefore.（二）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Studentsthesedaysoftenhavealotof_____11_____(worry).Sometimestheyhaveproblemswiththeirschoolwork,andsometimeswiththeirfriends.Whatcantheydoaboutthis?Somepeoplebelievethe_____12_____(bad)thingistodonothing.LauraMills,_____13_____teenagerfromLondon,agrees.“Problemsarenormalinlife，”saysLaura.“ButIthinktalkingtosomeonehelpsalot.Unlesswetalktosomeone,we'llcertainlyfeelworse.”Lauraoncelostherwalletandshe_____14_____(be)afraidtotellherparentsaboutit.Sheworriedfordaysanddidn'tknow_____15_____tosolvetheproblem.Sheevenwalkedthreemilestoschooleachdaybecauseshedidn'thave_____16_____(some)money.Shejustkeptthinking,“_____17_____Itellmyparents,they'llbeangry！”_____18_____(final),shetalkedtoherparentsandtheywerereally_____19_____(understand).Theygotheranewwalletandaskedhertobemorecareful.“Iwillalwaysremembertosharemyproblemsinthefuture！”Laurasays.Herdadsaidhesometimesmadecarelessmistakes_____20_____(him).（三）AlongaquietstreetinBeijing,ayellowandblackrobotisbusy___21___(run)ontheroad.It’sadelivery(递送)robot.Itcangetand____22____(send)packages(包裹)fromstorestopeople.Asweknow,moreandmore____23____(China)peoplelikeshoppingonline.WebuythingsontheInternetandthenthepackages___24___(get)toourapartmentsinashorttime.Itissaidthatthereareabout100___25___(million)packageseverydayinChina,andthenumberwillbemuch___26___(large)soon.Buttherewillnotbeenoughpeople

____27____(make)thedeliveries.Howtohelppeoplegettheirpackages

____28____(quick)?LiuZhiyongmadethiskindofrobotlastyear.Hesayshisrobotswillbevery____29____(importance)inthefuture.Theywillhelpsendalotofpackageseveryday.Althoughtheycannotdeliverthingstothedoorlikeaperson,theywillbeimproved.Butsomepeople

____30____(agree)withLiu.Theythinktoomanyrobotswillbringnewproblemstotheenvironment.Whatdoyouthinkoftherobot?（四）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Thereisnodenyingthatmoreandmorepeoplelivefast-pacedlivesthesedays.However,theTVshowBacktoField(《向往的生活》),startedin2017,showsushowtolive____31____slowlifeintheruralareasneardifferentcitiesandithasbeeoneof____32____(popular)realityshowsinChinanow.OnApril29th,thesixthseasonoftheshowcame____33____onHunanTV.Thistime,thecastmembersincludinghostHeJiong,actorsHuangLeiandPengYuchang,andactressZhangZifeng____34____(choose)tobuildtheir“mushroomhouse”inasmallfishingvillageinHainanprovince.Oneachepisode(集),acoupleof____35____(star)eonasguestsandbeforetheirarrival,theycallandorderwhattheywanttoeatwithoutsayingwhotheyare.____36____thelifethereisslow-pacedwithnophones,thestarshaveagreattimefishing,cookingandtalking.Inthefirstepisode,forexample,actressZhouXunandZhangJingyiappearedandgrewwatermelonsandcookedlocalfoodtogetherby____37____(they).Theshow’sslow-pacedandordinarystyle____38____(win)people’sheartssinceitcameout.Itisausefullessonbecauseitencouragespeople____39____(enjoy)smallthingsinlife.“Nothingismorevaluablethanapeacefulandordinarylife.Peopleshouldliveaslowlifesometimesinsteadof____40____(keep)busyallthetime.”Huangsaid.（五）根据句子意思,用所给单词的适当形式填空,或在横线上填入一个合适的词,使短文语义通顺、语法完整。Bornin1037,SuShiwasagreatpoetintheSongDynasty.Helefthishometownforthecapitalcity___41___theageof19.Andoneyearlater,hebecamefamousbecauseofhisexcellentperformanceintheexaminationsheldbytheemperor.Duringhislifetime,SuShicreatedmanywonderfulworks.Oneof___42___(famous)poemswasTune：PreludetoWaterMelody(《水调歌头》).It___43___(write)in1076whenSuShiworkedinMizhou.ItwastheMid-AutumnFestival.SuShimissedhisbrotherverymuch___44___hehadn’tseenhimforsevenyears.Hewrotethispoem___45___(express)howheexpectedtoseehisbrotheragain.Inthepoem,hewishedthattheybothandallpeoplewouldhavelonglivesandbeabletosharethebrightroundmooneveniftheywerefaraway.As___46___officer,SuShididmanygoodthingsforpeople.WhenhewastheofficerinHangzhou,heorganizedpeopletorebuildtheWestLake.Heevenbuiltalongbankwithsixbridgesby___47___(use)theearthfromthelake.Peoplecalledthebank“SuBank”inmemoryof___48___(he).IntheheartsofChinesepeople,SuShiwasagreatpoetandofficer.___49___(actual),hewasalsoagoodcook.“DongpoPork”isevennamedafterhim.The____50____(place)hewenttoandthethingshedidarestillpopulartopicsfortoday’sChinesepeople.Hewillalwaysberemembered.（六）Ourcitywillhaveanamazingfuture.Therewillbemuch___51___(few)peopleworkinginoffices,paredwithtoday.Mostpeoplewillworkathomewiththeirputers,smartphonesorother___52___(electron)products.Powerfulnetworkwillconnectallofusandmakeworkmuchmoreefficient（高效的）.SincemostworkcanbedonebyAI,fewerworkersinthefactories___53___(require).Mostpeoplewillworksixhoursadayandthreedaysaweek.Therewillbemanynewtypesofjobsinthefuturesuchasspacepoliceman___54___spacetourguide.___55___(take)aspaceshipwillbeaseasyastakinganairplanetoday.Thespacetourguideswillbesimilartothetourguidestoday,havinggoodknowledgeofthe___56___(attract)andmakingtravelspleasant.Because___57___thedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,atravelfromShenzhentothemoonwillbeatripinsteadofajourney.Itwillonlytakeusseveralhours___58___(get)there.Visitorwillbeabletodriveaspecialcaronthemoon.Ofcourse,he/shewillneedtogetthemoon-drivinglicense（资格）___59___(one).Thefutureofourcitywillbegreatanditisourresponsibilitytomakethebrightfuture_____60_____reality.（七）阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。AsEarth’sneighbor,MarshasasimilarenvironmenttoEarth.Foryears,scientiststrytheirbesttostudytheMarsandhopetolive____61____itoneday.SoChinahasnamedthenation’sfirstMarsrover(火星车)ZhuRongandsentitonMars____62____(successful)inMay2021.Forallofus,ZhuRongisawell-suitedname.InanancientChinesestory,ZhuRonghadthefaceofamanandthebodyofananimal.He____63____(ride)ontwodragons.WhenhehadabigfightwithGongGong,theGodofwater,ZhuRongwon.Butafter____64____fight,thehumanworldcameintopletedark.Thenhebroughtfirefromheaven(天国)totheworld.“ZhuRongisregardedasthe____65____(early)GodoffireintraditionalChineseculture.”Aspaceofficialsaid.“ThenameZhuRonghasan____66____(usual)meaning.Itstandsforlightandhopeforspaceexploration(探索)inourcountry.Italsomeanstoguide____67____(human)tocontinueexploration.”____68____leavingtheearthlastsummer,ZhuRongcircledMarsforseveralmonthsandlandedonitinMay.Inrecentyears,Ourcountryhassentupthe____69____(world)firstquantumsatellite(量子卫星).AndChang’e4hasmadeasoftlandingonthemoon.Sofar,we____70____(make)greatprogressinspacetechnologyandwillsoonstartbuildingourownspacestation.（八）根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。SunJiarui,a10-year-oldgirlfromOutangCentralPrimarySchoolinWuxi,EastChina’sJiangsuprovince,wasrecentlypopularonlineforher____71____(cook)skills.Sun,whobegantolearncookingfromherfather____72____eight,cancookmorethan50dishes.TheOutangCentralPrimarySchoolhasalsoinvitedSunandherfathertohelpatitsnewGourmetStudio(美食工坊).IntheingterminSeptember,primaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsinChina____73____(find)anew“practicalactivities”courseintheirschedules(课表),atleastoneclasshoureveryweek.Thenewcoursehasthreetypesoftasks:____74____(day)housework,likecleaning,organizing,cooking,andusingandmaintaininghomeappliances;productivelabor（生产性劳动）,____75____(include)traditionalhandicrafts;experienceofnewtechnologies,suchas3Dprinting;andvolunteerwork.（九）阅读下面短文，在没有提示的空白处填入适当的单词；或用括号内单词的正确形式填空。Thetake-awayfoodispopularthesedaysandmanypeoplelikeit,butit’snotas____76____(health)ascooking.Ilikecookingathome,butmydishesaredifferent____77____monChinesefood.Theyusecertainingredients（原料）,andtheyarehardtofindinChinesesupermarkets.Isometimeshavetogoonline____78____(buy)them.ButIstillgotoChinesesupermarketstogetfreshingredients,suchaschickenandvegetables.Ifindcookingisveryinterestingandenjoyable.Ilookforwardto____79____(go)toacookingschoolwhenIgrowup.AndI____80____(cook)formyfamilyeverydayinthefuture.（十）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。Thefriendshipbetweenhumansanddogsprobablybegan14，000yearsago.Hereis_____81_____exampleofadog'slifeinthehumanworldtoday.JessieisNancy'spetdog.Sheisjust_____82_____amemberofNancy'sfamily.Nancylooksafterhervery_____83_____(care).Jessiecanalwaysfind_____84_____deliciousinherbowlwhensheishungry.Everyday,Nancy_____85_____(prepare)meat

anddifferentkindsofvegetablesforher.Jessiealsohasyogurtandtwo_____86_____(spoon)ofhoneyafterdinner.Afterthat,theygooutforawalk.Nancy'shusbandisafamousdoctorand_____87_____(they)onlysonisawayinBeijing,_____88_____shehasenoughtimeandmoneytolookafterJessie,andshereallyenjoys_____89_____(do)it.“Iwanttogiveherthehealthiestand_____90_____(wonderful)lifeaslongaspossible！”shesays.（十一）根据短文内容及所给的提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。Oncetherewasalittlegirl.Shewatered__91__bananatreeeveryday.Onedayavoice(声音）__92__(e)fromthetree,"Willyouplaywithme?”Thegirlwasveryscaredand___93___(run)tohermother.Hermothersaid,"Don'tbea__94__.Thatvoiceisofthebananatreegoddess,Laxmi.Sheishappywithyou."Thenextdaywhenthegirlwenttothetree,Laxmiplayedwithher.Later,Laxmiinvitedherforlunchinabeautifulpalaceandgaveherdeliciousf__95__.Whenthelittlegirl__96__(tell)hermotherwhathadhappened,themotherwasveryhappyandsaid,"InviteLaxmitoourhomeford__97__tomorrowevening."Thegirlsaid,"Butmother,wearesopoorandourhouseissmall.HowcanIinviteherhere?"Hermothersaid,"Loveiseverything.I'msureshe'llenjoy__98__(her)."ThenextdaythelittlegirlbroughtLaxmiwithher.AssoonasLaxmiarrived,theirhouseturnedintoabigandbeautifulone.Thegirl'smotheraskedLaxmitolivewiththem,__99__Laxmiwentbacktothetree.Thelittlegirlkept___100___(water)thetreeeverydayandLaxmikepthergirl'sfamilyhappyandlucky.（十二）Inmanycountries,_101_(smoke)isbeingabiggerproblemforyoungpeople.Mostsmokers_102_

(start)intheirteens(yearsofaperson'sagefrom13to19)orevenearlier.Astudyof8,000BeijingstudentslastMay_103_(show)usthatsmokingwasaproblemformanyChinesekids.Morethan21%ofmiddleschoolstudentsand6%ofprimaryschoolpupils(生)saidtheyhadsmoked."Ifyoungpeoplestart_104_

(smoke)early,theywillprobablygetaddictedtonicotine(对尼古丁瘾).Andit

_105_

(be)veryhardtogiveup(放弃)lateron,"saidaprofessor.Everyyear,about4million(百万)peopledie(死亡)ofsmoking.Andifpeoplekeep

_106_(smoke),thatnumberwillgouptoabout10millionayearby2030,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO,世界卫生组织)says.Sowehaveto

_107_(know)andtellothersaboutthedangers(危险)ofsmoking.Everyoneofusshould

_108_(do)somethingusefultostopkidsfrom_109_

(smoke),oronedaywe_110_

(see)whatwewon'tsee.（十三）TheWorldConsumer(消费者)RightsDayisonMarch15.The3.15Gala,____111____yearlyshowproducedbyChinaCentralTelevisionpayattentiontothe____112____(protect)ofconsumers’rights.Thegalaexposes(揭露)caseswhichdoanything____113____theconsumerrightsindifferentfields.Thisyear’s3.15galaexposedtheinsidestoryoftheproductionofpickled(腌制的)cabbage(白菜).Awful!TheHunanChaqiVegetableLimitedpanyproducesplentyofpickledcabbagetheseyears.____114____theyhaveaterriblehygiene(卫生)problem.Avideoshowedworkers,somewearingslippers(拖鞋),someevenwithoutshoes,weresteppingonthepickledcabbage.____115____weresmokingandoneeventhrewthecigarettedirectlyintothecabbage.Thetopic“3.15Galapickledcabbage”quicklybecameoneofthe____116____(hot)topicsonsocialmedia.Consumersareworriedabout____117____(they)healthbecauseatypeofinstantnoodleswithpickledcabbage,suchasMasterKong(康师傅)____118____(be)popularamongsomanypeopleforyears.MasterKongapologizedquicklyandithasstoppedworkingwithChaqi.Itpromisesthatalltheproducts____119____(take)offtheshelvesassoonaspossible.Thegalathisyearalsoexposedsomelive-streaming(直播)shows.Theyspreadmuchfalseinformationorsellshoddy(粗制滥造的)goodsinstead_____120_____trueones.（十四）Allofusknowthatbreakfastisvery__121__['nesəsərɪ]tous.Itis__122__ofthemostimportantmealsoftheday.Tokeep__123__(health),everyoneshouldhaveagoodbreakfast.__124__(eat)therightfoodisgoodforourhealth.Wecanhaveeggs,bread,milkandotherfood__125__breakfast.Manystudentsgotoschoolwithoutbreakfast.

__126__[bɪ'kɒz]theygetuplateortheirparentsdon’tcookforthem.It’s__127__fortheirhealth.Withoutbreakfastchildrenmaynot__128__[grəʊ]fastandmaynotstudyandplayverywellatschool.Theymaybeeasiertoget__129__(ill).Andwhenthey’reill,itwill___130___(take)themalongtimetorecover（恢复）.Ithinkeveryoneshouldhavesomegoodeating