新概念第二册Lesson3-lesson4完整版

Lesson3

Pleasesendmeacard请给我寄一张明信片Lead-in

Howmanycardsdidthewritersend?Whatdidhethinkabouteveryday?Whatdidhethinkabouteveryday?Whatdidhethinkabouteveryday?

Whatdidhethinkabouteveryday?Didhewriteanycardsornot?Newwords&Expressions1send[send]v.寄，送2postcard['pəustkɑ:d]n.明信片3spoil[spɔil]v.使索然无味，损坏4museum[mju:'ziəm]n.博物馆5public['pʌblik]a.公共的6friendly['frendli]a.友好的7waiter['weitə]n.服务员，招待员8lend[lend]v.借给9decision[di'siʒən]n.决定10whole[həul]a.整个的11single['siŋgəl]a.唯一的，单一的Newwordssend/send/1)sendsth.tosb./sendsb.sth

sendaletter寄信类似的用法还有give,take,pass,read,sell,show..3a-P152)send/takechildrentoschoolsend/take区别：take强调某人亲自送；send则是通过第三人去送，如美国的校车。例如：Tom’sfathersendshimtoschooleveryday.Marytookhersontoschoolyesterday.

sendfor召唤，派人去叫sendback归还sendin提交派遣spoil/spɔɪl/v.损坏，破坏（主要指精神上）过去式，过去分词：spoiledorspoiltDon'tlethimspoilyournightThebadweatherspoiledmymindv.宠坏，溺爱Heisaspoiledchild.Shespoiledhersonbygivinghimtoomuchmoney.

这条小狗被宠坏了,每天到处小便.pisspublic/'pʌblik/1)公共的：publicschool/place/house(pub酒吧)2)反义词：private3)短语：inprivate私下里的-----inpublic公开的例如：Whynothaveaconversationinpublic?Wearegoodfriendsinprivate.Lend/lend/1)过去式，过去分词：lentlent2)lend/borrow区别借出：lend;lendsth.tosb=lendsb.sth.

例如：Afriendlywaiterlentabooktome.借进：borrow;borrowsth.fromsb.例如：IborrowedabikefromTed.spend/spend/v.用，花销

spendsomemoney/sometimeonsth/indoingsthspend300yuanonanewTV-setspendmuchtimeonsportsIspend10yearstolearnEnglishwell.Wespend3hoursontheNBAfinalgameslastnight.single/sɪŋgl/1)唯一的，单一的：反义词double例如：Therewasn’tasinglebusinthestree2)未婚的，独身的：反义词married

已婚的例如：Sheisstllsinglenow.1)postcard=card2)IDcard身份证creditcard信用卡cashcard现金卡namecard/visitingcard名片例如：Hereismynamecard.各种卡片的英文说法birthdaycard生日卡Christmascard圣诞卡New-Yearcard新年卡Identitycard身份证studentcard学生证scorecard积分卡membershipcard会员卡intelligencecardIC智能卡entrycard入境卡4.museum/mju:`ziEm/n.博物馆例如：LastweekIwenttothesciencemuseum.1)扩展：thePalaceMuseum故宫theSummerPalace颐和园thesciencemuseum科学博物馆6.friendly/`frendlI/adj.友好的1)构词法：名词friend+ly构成形容词；类似的词：lovely,fatherly,brotherly…2)反义词：unfriendly3)短语：inafriendlyway例如：Theytalkedeachotherinafriendlyway.befriendlytosb.例如：Mr.Leeisveryfriendlytous.9.decision/dI`sIVEn/n.决定1)makeabig/greatdecision=makedecisions=makeupone’smind例如：TodayImadeabigdecision.2)v.decidedecidetodosth.例如：Idecidedtobuyanewcar.3)decide/makeupone’smind区别decide指经过考虑对疑难问题、争端等做出决断，含有下决心取舍的意思。Decide后常接动词不定式和从句。例如：Theboydecidedtobecomeasailor.Theycouldn’tdecidewhattheyshoulddonext.makeupone’smind指毫不犹豫的做出决定，意味着“打定主意，下定决心”。Makeupone’smind后常接动词不定式，一般不接从句。例如：He’smadeuphismindtobeadoctor.I’vemadeupmymindtobuyanewcar10.whole/hEul/adj.整个的whole/all区别whole和all都有“全部的”意思，但其用法有区别：1)whole和all都可用在表示整体的单数名词之前，但限定词的位置不同all+限定词+单数名词；限定词+whole+单数名词例如：Thewholecityarebusycleaningthestreets.Allthecityarebusycleaningthestreets.2)whole和all可接复数名词，结构也有所不同all+限定词+复数名词；thewholeof+复数名词例如：Allthestudentsarehere.Thewholeofthestudentswenttothecinema.3)whole一般不能修饰不可数名词或物质名词。修饰复数名词时，一般其前有数量词。而all能用于各种情况例如：Tomdrankallthewaterinthebottle.Myfatherwillstayinbedforthreewholedays.ListentothetapeHowmanycardsdidthewritersend? Postcardsalwaysspoilmyholidays.Lastsummer,IwenttoItaly.Ivisitedmuseumsandsatinpublicgardens.AfriendlywaitertaughtmeafewwordsofItalian.Thenhelentmeabook.Ireadafewlines,butIdidnotunderstandaword.EverydayIthoughtaboutpostcards.Myholidayspassedquickly,butIdidnotsendcardstomyfriends.OnthelastdayImadeabigdecision.Igotupearlyandboughtthirty-sevencards.Ispentthewholedayinmyroom,butIdidnotwriteasinglecard!Explainthetext1)alittleItalian：语言不可数，所以要用alittleItalian或afewwordsofItalianalittle/little/afew/few的区别：alittle/afew都用肯定句，分别表示“有一点”和“有几个”，但alittle修饰不可数名词；afew修饰可数名词复数little/few都用否定句，分别表示“没有多少”和“没有几个”，但little修饰不可数名词；few修饰可数名词复数2)teachsb.sth.=teachsth.tosb.lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.sendsth.tosb.=sendsb.sth双宾语英语中许多动词带两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语。间接宾语通常是人，直接宾语通常是物。例如：Helentmeabook.=Helentabooktome.Heboughtmeabook.=Heboughtabookforme.间接宾语人在后面时，其前必须加间接宾语人在后面时，其前必须加间接宾语人在后面时，其前必须加间接宾语人在后面时，其前必须加to(对…而言)或for（为…而做）例如：Pleasegiveabooktome.IboughtabookforyouHetookflowerstohiswife.Sheorderedsoupforyou.to与for的区别：如果只能翻译为＂给＂的，就用to例如：Mr.Smithsendshischildrentoschooleverymorning.Healwayslendsmoneytohisfriends.果可以翻译为＂给、替、为，就用forr\，与for相连的词有：buy,,order,,make,find如：Pleasedoafavorforme.Myfathermadeabookcaseforme.Domeafavorplease.Doafavorforme.2.EverydayIthoughtaboutpostcards.关于think的多个短语：thinkabout考虑，思考例如：Areyoustillthinkingaboutthemovie?thinkof考虑，想起例如：Whatdoyouthinkofmynewcar?considerofthinkover仔细考虑例如：PleasethinkeoverwhatI’vesaid.mulloverthinkout想出，想通例如：Atlastwethoughtouttheanswerofthequestion.关于花费的多种方法：1)spend多用于人作主语，后接金钱或时间。sb.spend时间地点例如：Ispendmyweekendatmymother's.sb.spend时间(in)doingsth.例如：Hespenttwohour(in)finishinghiswork.sb.spend时间onsth.例如：Tomhavespentadayonhishomework.2)pay常与for连用，表示“付款”sb.paysm.forsth.例如：HowmuchshouldIpayforthesebooks?Youwillhavetopayforwhatyouhavedone.3)cost常用物作主语，表“价值或花费多少钱”。sth.costsb.sm.例如：Thiscomputergamecostsme30yuan.Howmuchdoestheapplecost?4)take常用于Ittakes(took)sb.sometimetodosth.句型中例如：Itoftentakeshimehalfanhourtogotoschoolbybikeeveryday.Itwilltakeusalongtimetofinishthework.ReadcarefullyandfindmoreanswersasquicklyasyoucanWheredidthewriterspendhisholidayslastsummer?Whatdidhedoduringtheholiday?Didhehaveagoodtime?Whydidn’theenjoyhisholidays?Whatdidhedoonthelastdayofhisholidays?Howmanycardsdidthewritersend?Payattentiontothekeystructuresspoilthepleasure/childpublicgardens/park/privategardensfriendly/brotherly/fatherly/lovely/lively/motherlyafewwordsofItalian/haveawordwithsb.thinkabout/thinkof/thinkoverdecide/makeadecision/makeupone’smindspend/cost/take/pay,spendthenight/holidayssingle=evenonelendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb./borrowsb.sth.=borrowsth.fromsb.双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向（对谁做）或动作的目标（为谁做），间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后，但它不能单独存在。它和直接宾语组成双宾语，例：

Pleaseshowmeyourpassport.请把护照给我看一下。（yourpassport是直接宾语，me是间接宾语）

I’llfetchyouachair.我给你拿一只椅子。（achair是直接宾语，you是间接宾语）

间接宾语可以用一个由to表示动作方向）或for表示动作目标）引起的短语来表示。这时，间接宾语置于直接宾语之后。我们可以把上面例句改写为：

Pleaseshowyourpassporttome.

I'llfetchachairforyou.Comprehension理解1Thewriter___________.(a)doesn’tlikebuyingpostcards(b)doesn’tlikereceivingpostcards(c)doesn’tlikewritingpostcards(d)doesn’tlikepostcards2Whatwasthewriter’s‘bigdecision’?(a)Hedecidedtowritepostcardstohisfriends.(b)Hedecidedtospendthewholedayinhisroom.(c)Hedecidedtobuyalotofpostcards.(d)Hedecidednottowriteasinglecard.Structure句型3LastweekhewenttoItaly.Hewas_________Italylastsummer.(a)at(b)to(c)in(d)on4____________himafewwordsofItalian?Thewriter.(a)Whotaught(b)Whodidteach(c)Whatdidheteach(d)Whomdidheteach5Hewasafriendlywaiter.Hespoketothewriter_________.(a)friend(b)asfriends(c)likefriends(d)inafriendlyway6Thewriter__________afewlines,buthedidn’tunderstandaword.(a)reads(b)read(c)red(d)reading7Hespentthewholedayinhisroom.Hewasinhisroom_________day.(a)thehole(b)theall(c)all(d)allofCACADBCVocabulary词汇8Awaiterusuallyworksina__________.(a)publicgarden(b)shop(c)restaurant(d)privatehouse9Thewaiterlenthimabook.He_______abookfromthewaiter.(a)lent(b)borrowed(c)took(d)stole10Onthelastdayhemadeabigdecision.Itwasthe_______dayofhisholiday.(a)final(b)end(c)latest(d)bottom11Hemadeabigdecision.He_________.(a)thoughtaboutit(b)madeuphismind(c)changedhismind(d)madeawish12Hedidn’twriteasinglecard.Sohe__________.(a)wroteonlyone(b)didn’twriteevenone(c)wrotejustone(d)wroteallthecardsexceptoneCBABBExercisesonP.221.Hepaidsomemoneytotheshopkeeper.2.Hehandedtheprizetome.3.Thewaiterbroughtthemanabottleofbeer.4.Hesoldmeallhisbooks.5.Theshopassistantfoundmesomecurtainmaterial.6.Hedidabigfavourforme.7.Sheshowedhernewhattoherhusband.8.Shepromisedthefinderareward.9.Hegavesomeadvicetohisson.10.Hisuncleleftsomemoneyto/forhim.11.HeisteachingusEnglish.12.Iboughtyouthisbunchofflowers.13.Bringmethatbook,please.14.Heofferedacigarettetome.15.Readthefirstparagraphforme.激动人心的旅行Lesson4

Anexcitingtrip?Haveyoueverbeenabroad?HaveyouheardofAustralia?WhatdidyouknowaboutAustralia?AustaliaCanberraSydneySheepKangarooKolabearbroadenone’smind,visitnewplaces,meetnewpeople,trydifferenttypesoffood,

experiencenewculture…Newwordsexcitingadj.令人兴奋的excited感到兴奋的-ed自己感到interested,bored,-ing令人感到interesting,boring,e.g.Iaminterestedinthisbook.

Thisisaninterestingbook.v.接受，收到（客观的收到）e.g.receivealetter(fromsb.)ThismorningIreceivedabunchofflowers.同义accept同意，接受（主观）e.g.ThismorningIreceivedabunchofflowersbutIdidn’tacceptit.receiveNewwordsNewwordsfirmn.商行，公司lawfirm法律公司company公司differentadj.不同的——same相同的adv.differently,n.differencee.g.Mycoatisdifferentfromyours.Newwordscentren.中心，中央（美式center）adj.central中央的，中心的e.g.inthecentre(ofsp),centralpark,thecitycentreabroadadv.在国外e.g.goabroad,studyabroad

liveabroad,beabroadListentothetapeWhyisTimfindingthistripexciting?Ihave

just

receivedaletterfrommybrother,Tim.HeisinAustralia.Hehasbeenthereforsix

months.Timisanengineer.Heisworkingforabigfirmandhehas

already

visitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.Hehas

just

boughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAliceSprings,asmalltowninthecentreofAustralia.HewillsoonvisitDarwin.Fromthere,hewillflytoPerth.Mybrotherhas

never

beenabroadbefore,soheisfindingthistripveryexciting.AnexcitingtripNotesonthetext1.Ihavejustreceivedaletterfrommybrother.收到某人来信2.Heisworkingforabigfirm.getaletterfromsb.havealetterfromsb.hearfromsb.在…上班、任职,还可以用workat/ine.g.Myfatherworksforacompany.3.hehasalreadyvisitedagreatnumberofdifferentplacesinAustralia.anumberof+可数名词的复数，number前一般可用large,great,small等形容词强调数量大小。agreatmanyof+可数名词Agreatnumberofstudentsarefondofmusic.Agreatnumberofboyslikeplayingbasketball.Notesonthetext4.HehasjustboughtanAustraliancarandhasgonetoAlicesprings.Hehasgonetothesouth.(还在)Hehasbeentothesouth.(去过)5.Heisfindingthistripveryexciting.find+n+adj.觉得…怎么样e.g.IfindthefilmdisappointingHefindsthebookveryinteresting.3.Wefindhimgreat.4.Ifindtheflowersbeautiful.现在完成时态Winter

hasalready

come.Grammar现在完成时的构成形式

have

done

has助动词过去分词Grammar用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系:动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。

Theyhaveleft.--他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里

Ihave

hadmylunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿现在完成时的含义也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。Hehas

learnedEnglishsince2001.--从2001年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢nowpastfuture一般过去时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响Grammar

现在完成时与一般过去时的比较

1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.

(强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;现在完成时通常与模糊时间状语连用或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语:

yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1990,inOctober,justnow,…--具体的时间状语

现在完成时的时间状语:

for,since,sofar,never,just,already,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently,…--模糊的时间状语Grammarsumup一、现在完成时1)构成肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其它否定句：主语+have/hasnot+过去分词+其它疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其它HehasbeentoAustralia.HehasnotbeentoAustralia.HashebeentoAustralia?当堂巩固--Willyougoshoppingwithmenow?--Sorry,Ican’t.I__