届高考英语语法复习代词（外研）

代词

一、物主代词的用法【说明】反身代词的惯用语：byoneself独自foroneself为自己，亲自ofoneself自动地，自发地helponeselfto随便吃……，自行取用cometooneself苏醒makeoneselfathome不要客气三、替代词的用法代词it与替代词one，ones，theone，theones，that，those的用法区别：it指代前面提到过的事物。one替代单数名词，表示泛指；ones为其复数形式。theone替代前面的单数名词，表示特指，其后往往带定语；theones为其复数形式。that既可以替代单数可数名词，也可以替代不可数名词，若替代单数可数名词时，相当于theone。those替代复数名词，相当于theones。Yourstoryisinteresting，butIdon’tlikeit.Ihaven’tgotacomputer.Iwanttobuyonenextyear.ThepopulationinChinaismuchlargerthanthatinJapan.Theconditionsarelikethoseintherealspaceship.四、疑问代词的用法1．what，who一般说来，what问的是职业或地位；who问的是姓名。Whatwasherhusband？她丈夫是干什么的？Whowasherhusband？她丈夫是谁？2．what，whichwhich用于已知情况的选择，其后可跟of短语；what用于未知情况的疑问，其后不能跟of短语。Whatfruitdoyoulikebest?Whichdoyoulikebetter，orangesorapples?3．Whatever,whichever,whoever分别为what,which,who的强调形式。Whateverdoyouwant?Whoevergaveyouthebook?4．注意下列疑问词的使用与汉语的差别。

Whatisthe

可数one，each，many，both，another，either，neither，(a)few不可数much，(a)little可数、不可数none，any，other，all，some复合不定代词anyone，anybody，anything；someone，somebody，something；everyone，everybody，everything；nobody，nothing五、不定代词的用法六、不定代词的语法特征1．every和no只能用作形容词，不能用作代词。2．复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一概用单数。表物类的复合不定代词，其指代代词用单数，即：it，its；表人类的复合不定代词，其指代代词通常用复数，即：they，their或them等。Hesaidsomethingwaslost，buthedidn’tsaywhatitwas.3．复合不定代词后都不可接of短语，但分开写的someone，everyone，anyone都是两个词，之后可接of短语(注意noone不可接of短语)。EveryoneofthestudentscanspeakgoodEnglish.七、不定代词的用法难点1．noone，none，nothing的用法区别(1)noone单独使用，只用于指人。Nooneknowsanythingwhenheorsheisborn.(2)none一般与of短语连用，指人或物。noneoftheboys/themoney/themnone可强调数的概念，表示特指。Hehasmanyfriends，butnonecanreallyhelphimwhenheisintrouble.(3)nothing意为“什么也没有，没有东西”，表示泛指概念。Nothingcanstopusmarchingforward.

2．another，other，theother，others，theothers的用法一览表不定代词意义用法说明another任何一个，另一个指三者或三者以上中的任何一个，用作代词或形容词。如：Idon’tlikethiscoat.Showmeanother，please.other另外的只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用；但如果前面有the，this，that，some，any，each，every，no，one及my，your，his等时，则可与单数名词连用。如：anyotherplant，everyotherdaytheother两者中的另一个常与one连用，构成：one...theother...；一个……另一个……；作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余全部的”others泛指别的人或物是other的复数形式，泛指别的人或物(但不是全部)，不能作定语，构成some...others...theothers特指其余的人或物是theother的复数形式，特指其余的人或物八、代词it的用法1．作人称代词(1)指已提及的物品、事情、话语或动植物等。Heboughtamagazineandlentittome.(2)指心中所想的人或事物。“Whoisknockingonthedoor？”“Itmustbemybrother.”

(3)指天气状况、自然现象、时间、距离等。Itwasalmosttwoo’clockwhenhecamebackhome.(4)指小孩子。Thechildsmiledwhenitsawitsmother.(5)指生活或身体状况。Howisitgoingwithyou？你的生活如何？2．作笼统宾语(1)用在某些动词、介词之后。Ilikeithere.我喜欢这里。

Wehadagoodtimeofit.我们玩得很愉快。

(2)用于某些习语中。Igotit.我明白了。That’sit.就这样了。Atlastwe’vemadeit.我们终于成功了。3．作形式主语或宾语(1)用于itis＋adj./n.＋不定式或动名词或that从句中。It’sillegaltodrivewithoutalicense.Itiscertainthathewillsucceed.(2)用于itseems/appears/happens/occurstosb.＋that从句中。Ithappenedthatwehadmetsomewhere.ItoccurredtomethatIshouldaskthepoliceforhelp.(3)用于itlooks＋asif/though从句中。Itlooksasifwe’regoingtomisstheplane.(4)用于itis＋pp.＋that从句中。ItisbelievedthathewillbeadmittedtoBeijingUniversity.

(5)用于think/find/make＋it＋adj./n.＋不定式或动名词或that从句中。Wefoundituselessarguingwithhim.(6)用于takeitforgrantedthat从句、bringittoone’sattentionthat从句、seetoitthat从句或dependonitthat从句中。Wetakeitforgrantedthatwaterisfreeatrestaurants.Iwillseetoitthatthepresidentissafe.4．组成特定句型(1)强调句型itis/was...that/who...Itwasyesterdayeveningthathebroughtmethebook.(2)itis/hasbeen...since...Itisalmosttenyearssinceheenjoyedhimselfsomuch.(3)itwas(not)/will(not)be...before...Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromthisschool.(4)soitiswith...或itisthesamewith...Heisastudentandstudiesveryhard，soitiswithhisbrother.

(5)whenitcomesto(doing)sth.Whenitcomestocomputergames，heisquiteanexpert.(6)it’slikesb.todosth.It’squitelikehimtohavebeensorudetostrangers.对陌生人如此不礼貌，这很像他的所作所为。(7)itisone’sturntodosth.It’smyturntolookafterthebaby.(8)itis(about/high)timetodosth.或that从句It’shightimethathegothimselfawifeandsettleddown.(9)ifitweren’tfor...或ifithadnotbeenfor...Ifitweren’tformyjob，Iwouldcomewithyou.Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp，Iwouldneverhavesucceeded.(10)ittakes(sb.)．..todo...Ittakeswisdomtosettlethequarrelbetweenthetwocountries.(11)itis/wasthefirst/secondtimethat...It’sthefirsttimethatIhaveheardhersing.(12)itisnowonderthat...Itisnowonderthathegotthefirstplaceintheexam.过关落实1．________feltfunnywatchingmyselfonTV.A．OneB．ThisC．ItD．That解析：it在本句中充当形式主语。答案：C2．Littlejoycanequal_____ofasurprisingendingwhenyoureadstories.A．thatB．thoseC．anyD．some

解析：that代指不可数名词joy。答案：A3．—Whatdoyouthinkoftheperformancetoday?

—Great!______butamusicalgeniuscouldperformsosuccessfully.A．AllB．NoneC．AnybodyD．Everybody

解析：nonebut...，除……外没有人；只有。答案：B4．Hehasmadealotoffilms，but________aregoodones.A．anyB．someC．fewD．many

解析：few指fewofthefilms，表示否定。答案：C5．Theschool’smusicgroupwillbegivingabigshowtomorroweveningandtwo________ontheweekend.A．moreB．otherC．elseD．another

解析：more常用于数词后；another用于数词前,“再，又”的意思。

答案：A6．________worriesmethewayhekeepschanginghismind.A．ThisB．ThatC．WhatD．It

解析：it充当形式主语,真正主语为thewayhekeepschanginghismind。答案：D7．—Hegothisfirstbookpublished.Itturnedouttobeabestseller.

—Whenwas________？

—________wasin2000whenhewasstillincollege.A．that；ThisB．this；ItC．it；ThisD．that；It

解析：that指第一句中陈述的情况；第二空用itwas...that构成强调句型，that后的句子省略了。答案：D8．Tosaveclasstime，ourteacherhas________studentsdohalfoftheexercisesinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforhomework.A．usB．weC．ourD．ours

解析：us用作students的同位语，作has的宾语。答案：A9．Themayorhasofferedarewardof5,000to______whocancapturethetigeraliveordead.A．bothB．othersC．anyoneD．another

解析：anyone单数，任何人。答案：C10．Treat_______toaglassofwinetohelpyourelaxattheendoftheday.A．oneB．oneselfC．youD．yourself

解析：treatoneselftosth.，给自己买某物。答案：D11．Therewillcomeadaywhenallofuswillbelivingincitiesquiteunlike________ofthepresent.A．onesB．themC．theseD．those

解析：those替代上文的cities。答案：D12．IamafraidIamnotfitforthejob，foritis________callingformuchpatience.A．whichB．whatC．oneD．that

解析：one指同类事物中的任何一个。答案：C13．Thoughagreatdealofmaterialhasbeenprinted，I’mafraidtherearen’tenoughcopiesforeachlistenertohave________.A．itB．themC．thoseD．one

解析：one此处泛指上文copies中的任何一个。答案：D14．—How________feeltocover60milesonfootinasingleday?

—Reallytiring.Especiallywhenthereisnooneincompany.A