考研《英语一》巴中市平昌县2023年预测试卷含解析

考研《英语一》巴中市平昌县2023年预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Itwasmyfirstyearofgraduateschoolandmyprofessorwasstandingontheplatform.Hewastellingusabouta1hemadeyearsago.Aboutadecadeearlier,myprofessorhadbeenasalesmanageratalargecompany.Theywere2anationalcampaignandpreparingforamajorbrandlaunch.Myprofessorwas3theoperation.Foralmosttwomonthsbeforethelaunchday,hewas4alloverthecountrytotalkwithmajorpartners.5crossingthecountryonflights,hewasalsotryingto6hisdepartment.Forweekshewouldhavemeetingsallday,answer7andphonecallsallnight,and8threeorfourhoursofsleep.Theweekbeforethebiglaunchday,hisbody9.Hehadtoberushedtothehospital.Majororganshadstartedto10fromthelong-termstress.Hespentthenexteightdaysinhospital,11todoanythingasthelaunchdaycameandwent.Imaginethatyour12andenergyareabucketofwater.Inyourdailylife,therearethingsthat13yourbucketup.Theseareinputslikesleep,nutrition,laughter,andotherformsof14.Therearealsoforcesthatdrain(使排出)thewaterfromyourbucket.Theseare15likestressfromworkorschool,relationshipproblems,orotherformsofanxiety.Theforcesthatdrainyourbucketaren’tall16.Toliveaproductivelife,itcanbeimportanttohavesomethings17outofyourbucket.Workinghardinthegym,atschool,orattheofficeallowsyoutoproducesomething18.Butpositiveoutputsarestilloutputsandtheydrainyourenergy19.Theseoutputsaregradual.Evenalittleleakcanresultinsignificantwaterloss20time.1、A．prediction B．decision C．fortune D．mistake2、A．attheendof B．inthemiddleof C．atthemercyof D．onthewayto3、A．sponsoring B．leading C．assisting D．adopting4、A．researching B．driving C．flying D．inspecting5、A．Before B．Though C．While D．Since6、A．run B．promote C．expand D．observe7、A．emails B．charges C．problems D．doors8、A．pullin B．squeezein C．takein D．bringin9、A．giveup B．givein C．giveout D．giveaway10、A．disappear B．suffer C．function D．fail11、A．ready B．unwilling C．eager D．unable12、A．health B．status C．success D．reputation13、A．break B．pack C．fill D．cover14、A．rest B．recovery C．entertainment D．accommodation15、A．restrictions B．consequences C．examples D．outputs16、A．uncontrollable B．unpredictable C．uncomfortable D．unfavorable17、A．flowing B．slipping C．escaping D．growing18、A．typical B．valuable C．casual D．exotic19、A．suddenly B．surprisingly C．partly D．thoroughly20、A．over B．beyond C．after D．beforeSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Weareobsessed(迷恋)withourselves.Westudyourhistory,ourpsychology,ourphilosophy.Muchofourknowledgerevolves(使旋转)aroundhumankinditself,asifwewerethemostimportantthingintheuniverse.Butinthecourseofthecenturieswehavecometorealizejusthowmanywrongideaswe’vehad.Wehavelearnedoftheexistenceofblackholes,wavesofspace,andoftheextraordinarymolecularstructuresineverycellofourbodies.Themorewediscover,themoreweunderstandthatwhatwedon’tyetknowisgreaterthanwhatweknow.Themorepowerfulourtelescopes,thestrangerandmoreunexpectedaretheheavenswesee.Thecloserwelookattheminutedetailofmatter,themorewediscoverofitsprofoundstructure.InafamousstorytoldbyPlatointheseventhbookofTheRepublic,somemenarechainedatthebottomofadarkcaveandseeonlyshadowscastuponawallbyafirebehindthem.Theythinkthatthisisreality.Oneofthemfreeshimself,leavesthecaveanddiscoversthelightofthesunandthewiderworld.Atfirstthelight,towhichhiseyesareunaccustomed,stunsandconfuseshim.Buteventuallyhecanseeandreturnsexcitedlytohiscompanionstotellthemwhathehasseen.Theyfindithardtobelieve.Weareallinthedepthsofacave,chainedbyourignorance,ourprejudices,andourweaksensesrevealonlyshadows.Ifwetrytoseefurther,weareconfused:weareunaccustomed.Butwetry.Thisisscience.Scientificthinkingexploresandredrawstheworld,graduallyofferingusbetterandbetterimagesofit,teachingustothinkinevermoreeffectiveways.Itsstrengthisitscapacitytodemolish(推翻)oldideas,torevealnewregionsofreality,andtoconstructnew,moreeffectiveimagesoftheworld.Thisadventurerestsupontheentiretyofpastknowledge,butatitsheartischange.Theincompletenessandtheuncertaintyofourknowledge,hungovertheabyss(深渊)ofwhatwedon’tknow,doesnotmakelifemeaningless:itmakesitinterestingandprecious.1、Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Thenewdiscoveriesoftheuniverseprovetobewrong.B．Manhascreatedsplendidculturesinthecourseofcenturies.C．Ourknowledgeoftheuniverseisincompleteanduncertain.D．Theexistingtechnologiesareenoughforfurtherexploration.2、ThestorytoldbyPlatoismeantto.A．makeusawareofthecrueltyofrealityB．encourageustoexploretheunknownworldC．applaudtheheroicdeedsofchasingfreedomD．justifyourignoranceandprejudiceabouttheworld3、Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthepassage?A．Exploringtheuniversemakesourlifemeaningful.B．Leavingthingsastheyaremakesourlifeperfect.C．Newdiscoveriesoftheuniversewillcauseconfusion.D．Pastknowledgepreventsusconstructinganewworld.Text2Batsaretheonlymammals(哺乳动物)thatcanflyagreatdistance,buttheyhaveanotherability.Manybatsliveaverylongtimeforananimaloftheirsize.Europeanresearchersarestudyingbatstounderstandwhytheylives0long.Theyhopetomakediscoveriesaimedatfightingtheagingprocessinhumanbeings.Lastweek,thegroupofscientistssaidtheyhadidentifiedimportantbiologicalqualitiesinsomebatspecies.Thegroupstudiedbatchromosomes(染色体),alineofgenesfoundinthenucleus(细胞核)ofcells.Thescientistsweremostinterestedinstructuresconnectedtotheendsofthechromosomes.Theyarecalledtelomeres(端粒),whichprotecttheendsofchromosomesandshorteneachtimeacelldivides.Scientistsbelievethisshorteningprocesscausescellstobreakdown.Theysaythisiswhatcausesaging.TheEuropeanresearchersstudied493batsfromfourbatspecies.Thegroupusedinformationthathadbeengatheredovermorethan60years.Oftheseanimals，thegreatermouse-earedbatgenerallylivedthelongest,anaverageof37years.Thescientistssaidthisandarelatedspecies,whicharegroupedtogetherunderthenameMyotis,hadtelomeresthatdidnotshortenwithage.AnotherMyotisbatholdstherecordforoldestage,reaching41years.Thescientists’findingssuggestthatthesebatscellshavetheabilitytomaintainandrepairtheirtelomeres.This,theysaid,helpsguardagainsttheagingprocess.Basedonitsbodysize,abatlikethegreatermouse-earedbatwouldbeexpectedtolivefouryears.But,thesemammalshavebeenfoundtolivenearly10timeslongerthanthat.Thescientistsfoundthatonly19speciesofmammalslivelongerthanhumanswhentheirbodysizeisconsidered.Eighteenofthesearebats.1、Europeanresearchersarestudyingbatsmainlyhopingto.A．learnthelivinghabitofbats.B．findoutwhybatsenjoyalonglife.C．trytounderstandwhybatscanflyasamammalD．discoveragoodwaytopreventhumanbeingsfromaging.2、Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlyexplaintous?A．Thestructuresofbats’chromosomes.B．Whatcauseagingbiologically.C．Thefunctionsoftelomeres.D．Whatcausescellstobreakdown.3、Thegreatermouse-earedbatandMyotisbatlivesolongbecause.A．theyaregroupedtogetherunderthenameMyoisB．theirtelomeresaredecreasingwithageC．theirellsareabletokeepupandfixtheirtelomeresD．theirbodiesproducemoretelomeresthanhumanbeings4、Fromthelastparagraph,wecaninferthat..A．batslive10timeslongerthathumanbeingsB．batsenjoythelongestlifeamongmammalsC．batslikethegreatermouse-earedbatshouldhavelivedlongerD．MostbatslivelongerthanhumanbeingsconsideringtheirbodysizeText3Haveyoueverlostyourcaronaparkinglot?Ithappens.Youparkandgoshopping.Whenyougetback,youhavenoideawhereyourcaris.Itcanbediscouraging.Youdon’tneedtoinstall(安装)anexpensiveGPSsystemtokeeptrackofyourcar.That’stooexpensive.Youwouldneedtopayamonthlysubscriptionfeejusttouseit.Butisthereawaytotrackyourvehiclewithoutspendingafortune?Yes,nowthereis!ACalifornia-basedstart-upcompanywasabletomakethisareality.Theycreatedatinydevice(装置）thatworkswithyoursmartphone,anditcouldbeexactlywhatyou’relookingfor!It’scalledTrackRBravo.It’schangingthewaywekeeptrackoftheimportantthingsinourlives.InstallthefreeTrackRapponyoursmartphone,connecttheapptoyourdeviceandyou’rereadytogo!SimplyattachTrackRtowhateveryouwanttokeepaneyeon.Theentireprocessofsettingituponlytakes5minutesorless.Youcanattachittoyourkeys,walletandanythingelseyoudon’twanttolose.ThenusetheTrackRapptofindwhereyourmissingitemareinseconds.ForgetexpensiveGPSsystemsortrackingservices.Nobodywantstopayexpensivemonthlysubscriptionfees.Weunderstandhowstressfulthesethingscanbe,andthisisthereasonwhythecompanycreatedTrackR.ThisdeviceisyourVIPwhenyouneedtotakecareofimportantthings.Ifyouforgetwhereyouparkyourcar,takeoutyoursmartphoneandopentheTrackRapp.Taponthe“lostitem”signonthescreenandtheappwilltellyoutheexactlocation.Thisdeviceisbynomeansexpensive.TrackRonlycosts$29,asmallpricetopayforpeaceofmind.Thedeviceissmallenoughthatyoucanattachittoyourpets.Putitontheircollar,andyouwillneverlosetrackofthem!Attachittoyourkeyorwallet,andneverwasteaminuterummagingthewholehouseforit.Sinceyou’vebeeninformedaboutthisbrilliantinvention,nowattachittoeverythingthat’simportanttoyou.1、WhydoestheauthormentionthelostcarinthefirstParagraph?A．Toexplainhowterriblethesituationis.B．Tostresstheimportanceofbeingcautious.C．Toleadtothetopicconcerningfindinglostitems.D．Toprovideonecommonexampleabouttheft.2、What’sthefeatureoftheTrackRapp?A．Theprocessofsettinguptheappiscomplex.B．Thecostofsettinguptheappisratherhigh.C．Theappisavailableinanyelectronicequipment.D．Theapphelpslocatethelostitemsinashorttime.3、TheTrackRwascreatedbecause.A．lifeisfullofallkindsofpressureB．trackingservicescausefinancialburdenC．peoplewanttokeeptheirimportantitemssafeD．GPSsystemscannotprovidespecificlocation4、Whichofthefollowingisclosesttothemeaningoftheunderlinedword‘‘rummaging”inParagraph5?A．Searching.B．Destroying.C．Cleaning.D．Moving.Text4InformationonTravellinginSingaporeMoneymattersThecurrencyinSingaporeistheSingaporedollar(S$).Moneychangingservicescanbefoundatmanyshoppingcentresandhotelsaroundtheisland,andtheATMs(generallyopen24/7)acceptmostofthemaincreditcardssuchasVisa,MasterCardandAmericanExpress.HotelReservationsandAccommodationUponarrivalattheairport,pleasevisitits24-hourhotelreservationscounters,whichcanhelpgetyouaroominyourpreferredhotel.Paymentforthefirstnightisrequireduponconfirmation.LostPassport/SingaporeImmigrationServicesShouldyouloseyourpassport,wesuggestyoumakeapolicereport,thenheadtotheImmigration&CheckpointsAuthoritytogetatemporaryvisa.Finally,informyourrespectiveembassysothatyoucangetthroughcustomswhenyoureachhome.TippingTippingisnotacommonpracticeinSingaporeasmosthotelsandrestaurantsincludea10%servicechargeinthefinalbill.Whiletippingisnotexpected,itisappreciated,beitinrestaurantswherethereisnoservicecharge,oranywherewhereexcellentserviceisprovided.SmokingIfyouareasmoker,youwillhavetoresisttheurgetolightupinair-conditionedareassuchasshoppingcentres,restaurants,entertainmentoutletsandcinemas.Smokingisalsoanoffenceinpublicbuses,theMRTtrains,taxisandlifts.AmaximumofS$1000canbeimposedonfirst-timeoffenders.Ageneralruleofthumbisthatifthereisanashtraysupplied,goforit.467、WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribethemoneychangingsysteminSingapore?A．Difficult. B．Convenient.C．Traditional. D．Original.1、Whatisessentialifyouwanttobookahotelroomattheairport?A．YoumuststayinSingaporefor24hours.B．Youshouldgotoyourpreferredhotel.C．Youaresupposedtopayforthefirstnight.D．Youmustspendthefirstnightattheairport.2、HowmanystepsaresuggestedthatyoushouldfollowifyouloseyourpassportinSingapore?A．2. B．3.C．4. D．5.3、Onwhichofthefollowingoccasionsareyouexpectedtotip?A．Whenyouthinkthattheserviceisverygood.B．Whenyoureceiveagiftfromafriend.C．Whenyouleaveaverygoodrestaurant.D．Whenyouarefacedwithanydifficulty.4、SmokingisstrictlyforbiddeninthefollowingareasEXCEPT______.A．inanair-conditionedrestaurant B．inabusC．inaconferenceroom D．byanashtrayPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)IcanwellrememberthatIwasonceaskedtodeliveraspeechtitled“ARealTestinMyLife”beforethewholeclassattheageof9!Youcanimaginehow1．(terrible)shyIwaswithsomanyeyes2．(fix)onmeIhadno3．(choose)buttoprepareforit,thoughFirstofall,Iwastodraftthespeech,whichwasjustapieceofcakeforme,agoodwriterButthehardestpart4．(lie)inmyoralpresentationfrommymemoryfortoreadfromthepaperwasnotallowedTherealmomentbegan5．IstoodontheplatformwithmylegstremblingandmymindblankButmylistenerswerewaitingpatientlywithoutanysignsofrushingmeGraduallyIfoundmyselfback,6．(deliver)myspeechwithdifficultyAfterwhatseemedtobeahundredyearsIfoundmyaudienceapplauding---Imade7．!Fromthenon,myfearoftalkingbeforetheaudiencedisappearedActuallywithmy8．(confident)builtup,InowturnouttobeagreatspeakerLookingback,Iknowthegreatestdifficultyonourway9．successisourfearOvercomeit10．wewillbeabletoachieveourgoalsTheSilkRoadwasapassageforthetransportationofsilkinancienttimesLotsofrelicsontheroadcanstill1．(see)nowFromtherelics,touristscanseetheoutlineoftheancientmetropolitan(大都市)areasalong2．fantasticroadInthetourpackages,touristscanimagine3．(they)tobeancientmerchantsbyridingcamelsindesertsTheSilkRoadisalongroute,4．Xi'anintheeasttoGansuprovinceandXinjiangregioninthewestIfitisyourfirsttriptoChina,we5．(sincere)suggestyoushouldspendatleasttendaysvisitingBeijing,Xi'an,Dunhuang,UrumqiandKashgarYoucouldgettoknowaboutthehistoryofChinaandexperience6．(color)sceneryalongtheSilkRoadIfyouareanexperiencedtraveler7．(want)toexploreChinafully,itisrecommended8．youtraveltoDunhuang,Zhangye,Jiayuguan,Turpan,KashgarandUrumqitofollowthefootprintofMarcoPoloThisroutemaytakeabout15daysIfyouhaveonlyaone-weekholiday,the9．(choose)ofthreemostfamouscitieswillbefitforyouAlongtheSilkRoadroute,Xi'anandGansuprovincearesuitabletovisitall-yearroundThebesttime10．(visit)XinjiangregionisfromMaytoOctoberbecausetheweatherismildSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Penguinsareflightlessbirdsthatspendhalftheirtimeonlandandhalfinthewater.1、Theyhavedarkandwhitefeathers，andtheirwingshaveevolvedintoflippers(脚蹼).Mostpenguinsfeedonfish，squidandotherformsofsealifecaughtwhileswimming.2、Theyaremostlyfoundingroupsthatincludethousandsofpenguins.Penguinseachhavetheirownuniquematingcall，andtheyusethattolocatetheirmateandchicksinsuchalargegroup.AlthoughalmostallpenguinspeciesarenativetotheSouthernHemisphere,theyarenotfoundonlyincoldAntarctica.3、Severalspeciesareevenfoundinthetemperatezone,andonespecies，theGalátpagospenguin，livesneartheequator(赤道).Unfortunately,manypenguinspeciesworldwidearefacingthreats.Thebiggestisclimatechangeandglobalwarming.Astheearthwarmsup，thesheetsoficehavemelted，andthealgae(藻类)thatgrowundertheicedecrease.Thealgaeareeatenbytinycreaturescalledzooplankton.Whenthereisadropinzooplankton,itaffectsthefishthatdependonit.4、Anothermajorthreatisfromoilspills.Ifcoatedwithoil,penguinscannotfloatorswiminwater.Also,ifoilisswallowed,penguinswilldiefrompoison.5、A．Thesebirdsareverysocial.B．Infact,onlyafewofthemlivesofarsouth.C．Penguinsarehighlyadaptedforlifeinthewater.D．Thebiggestthreatforpenguinscomesfromhumans.E.Theyhaveatendencytoliveinacommunitytogether.F.Asaresult，penguinshavelessfishtoeatandthusstarve.G.Othersincludeoverfishing，illegaleggharvesting，andnaturalenemies.HowtoSay“HelpMe”inAmericanSignLanguageAmericanSignLanguage(ASL)isthestandardsignlanguageusedbythedeafcommunityintheUnitedStates.ASLisameansforthedeaftocommunicate.ASLisnotareplication(复制)ofEnglish.ItisvastlydifferentfromBritishSignLanguage(BSL).1、Tosignthephrase“helpme”inAmericanSignLanguage