英语第一轮总复习讲义第1部分Book7Unit1LivingwithtechnologyWord版含答案

Book7Unit1Livingwithtechnology晨读暮诵单元话题——科技1．analyzev．分析2．measurev．测量3．observev．观测，观察4．explorev．探索5．solvev．解决6．simplifyv．简化7．equipv．装备；配备8．concludev．总结9．createv．创造10．inventv．发明11．inspirev．鼓舞；启示12．researchn．研究13．accurateadj.精确的14．decaden．十年15．presentvt.提出；介绍；呈现；赠送16．applyto适用于；运用17．meetone'sneeds满足某人的需求18．makeagreatbreakthroughin在……有重大突破19．owesth.tosb.把某事归功于某人20．getabetterunderstandingof对……有较好的理解1．Itisscienceandtechnologythatmakeourlifemoreconvenient.是科学技术使我们的生活更加方便。2．It'suptoyoutochoosegoodprogrammes.选择好的节目取决于你。3．Youhavetopresenttheinformationclearly,simplyandintherightorder,sothatthereaderdoesnotgetconfused.你必须清晰、简单、有条理地陈述内容，这样读者就不会感到困惑。4．Ontheotherhand，it'susednotonlyforwritingbutalsoforotherimportantaspects.另一方面，它不仅可以用于写字，还可以用于其他重要的方面。5．Inotherwords,themodelwithacameracoststwiceasmuchastheoldermodel.换句话说，有照相模式的款式是老款价格的两倍。假定你是王强。你们项目组利用三年的业余时间研发了一个家用机器人。在2018年世界青少年创新展示会上你将有机会向外国朋友介绍你们的作品。请你围绕如下信息进行介绍。要点包括：1.基本情况(尺寸、颜色、重量)；2．功能及优势。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．文中不得出现考生的真实信息；4．开头语已为你写好，不计入总词数。[参考范文]Good_Morning！Wele_to_the_World_Teenagers'_Creativity_Show.Thisisourlatestandgreatestinvention,whichhascostourprojectteamthreeyears'sparetime.Thisbluedomesticrobotlooksreallybeautifulintheshapeofapancake，about10incheswideand1inchthick.Itweighsonly3kilos.Itsfunctionsareasfollows.Itcanbeusedtosweeptheflooratthetargettimeandpurifytheairindoors.Besides，itservesasamusicplayerandlivensupadullafternoon.paredwithotherrobots，ithasthreestrikingfeatures.Firstly，itisenvironmentallyfriendly，asitusessolarenergy.Secondly，itcanberemotelycontrolledbyaputeroramobile.Thirdly,thishigh­efficiencyrobotcansavemuchtimeforhousewives.Ihopeyouwilllikeourinvention.[高频词汇]1．________(vt.&vi.)(使)推迟，延迟；(n.)延误，延迟2．________(vt.&vi.)上发条；缠绕；蜿蜒，曲折3．________(adv.)最后，终于4．________(vt.)预料，预见，预知5．________(adj.)怀疑的6．________(n.)条件，环境，状况7．________(adj.)平常的；典型的，有代表性的；特有的8．________(adj.)肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的9．________(vt.)牺牲，献出；(n.)牺牲，舍弃；祭品10．________(vt.)摆脱；去除；丢弃【答案】1.delay2.wind3.eventually4.foresee5．sceptical6.circumstance7.typical8.shallow9．sacrifice10.rid[派生词汇]1．________(adj.)可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的→________(n.)通道，通路，入口；机会，权利2．________(vt.)使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销→________(n.)分布，分配3．________(n.)适应；改编本，改写本→________(v.)适应4．________(adj.)显然的，显而易见的→________(adv.)显然，显而易见5．________(adj.)合适的，适当的→________(v.)合适6．________(vt.)反对，抵制；与……竞争→________(n.)反对；对抗，抵抗→________(adj.)反对的；敌对的7．________(vt.)拒绝，拒收；不予考虑，不予录用→________(n.)拒绝8．________(adv.)仅仅，只不过→________(adj.)仅仅的，只不过[词缀归纳]在accessible一词中，“­ible”为形容词后缀，常见的还有：horribleadj.可怕的；responsibleadj.有责任的；terribleadj.可怕的，极度的；flexibleadj.柔韧的。【答案】1.accessible；access2.distribute；distribution3．adaptation；adapt4.obvious；obviously5.suitable；suit6.oppose；opposition；opposed7.reject；rejection8．merely；mere[语境活用]1．Itiso__________thatthewaymuchcoffeeisgrownaffectsmanyaspectsoflife.2．Asacarrierofculture,jiaoziist__________oftraditionalChinesecuisineculture.3．Undernoc__________shouldwelosesightofourmainobjective.4．TheRedCrossis________foodandclothingtotherefugees.The________offoodandclothingmakesthemmovedtotears.(distribute)5．Thisnewfilmissaidtobe________fromanovelbyJaneAustenandthe________ispopularwithpeople.(adapt)6．Thetelevisionprogrammeisdesignedtoeducateandnotm________toentertain.7．Thenewvaccinemayr________theworldofoneofitsmostterrifyingdiseases.8．Goodhabitsalwaysleadtohighefficiency,whilebadonesbringthe________.Soweare________tobadhabits.(oppose)9．Hisparentsmadealotofs________tomakesurehegotagoodeducation.10．Thehouseisnotreallys________foralargefamily.【答案】1.obvious2.typical3.circumstances4．distributing；distribution5.adapted；adaptation6．merely7.rid8.opposite；opposed9.sacrifices10.suitable1．keep________touchwith与……保持联系2．wind________上发条3．benefit________从……中受益4．keeppace________跟上，与……齐头并进5．________particular特别地，尤其6．answer________负责7．adjust________适应8．contribute________促成；为……作贡献9．beabsorbed________全神贯注于10．________goodmeasure额外11．rid…________摆脱，除去12．focus________集中于13．________sale出售14．rely________依靠，依赖，相信，信赖15．haveaccess________有接近……的机会/权利16．beaccessible________可接近的；可使用的17．besuitable________适合……18．________truth事实上【答案】1.in2.up3.from4.with5.in6.for7.to8.to9.in10.for11.of12.on13.on14.on15.to16．to17.for18.in[语境活用]1．Youwillbenefit________thisexperienceintheend.2．Theaimofanyreformoflegalaidshouldbetomakethesystemaccessible________morepeople.3．NowwecanusetheInternettokeepintouch________eachother.4．Theircoachmustanswer________theteam'spoorperformance.5．Iforgottowind________theclock,soIwaslate.6．Theconcertwasexcellent—therewerelotsofwell­knownsongswithsomenewonesthrownin________goodmeasure.7．IenjoymyjobinresearchbecauseIhavetokeeppace________allthelatestdevelopments.8．Governmentsshouldbeencouragedtogetrid________allnuclearweapons.【答案】1.from2.to3.with4.for5.up6.for7．with8.of1.[原句]SatellitesallowTVtobebroadcastliveovervastdistances，witheveryonereceivingthesamebroadcastatthesametime.[点拨]with复合结构：with＋宾语＋宾语补足语，在句中作状语。[仿写]他走出大厅，后面跟着一群记者。Hewalkedoutofthehallwithacrowdofjournalists________________.2.[原句]Whenaskedlaterwhatthecallwasabout，yourfriendalwaysanswers，‘Oh，nothingreally.’[点拨]whenasked…是状语从句的省略。[仿写]你应待在你现在的地方不动，除非叫你离开。Youshouldstaywhereyouare，unless________________________________.3.[原句]Ifthecallwasreallyabout‘nothing’，thenwhywasitsoimportantastointerruptyourconversationandwasteyourprecioustime?[点拨]so…asto…“如此……以至于……(结果状语)”。[仿写]他是如此生气以至于说不出话来。Hewas__________beunabletospeak.【答案】1.followinghim2.askedtoleave3.soangryasto第一板块核心词汇[基础知识要牢记]1．delayvt.&vi.(使)推迟，延迟n.延误，延迟(1)delaydoingsth.推迟做某事(2)withoutdelay毫不延迟地，立即thedelayindoingsth.延迟做某事(3)delayedadj.延迟的，耽搁的thedelayedflight延迟的航班①Hewascriticizedforthedelayintakingcareofthematter.他由于没有及时处理这件事而受到批评。②Wedecidedtodelay________onourholidaytill/untilnextmonth.我们决定把假期推迟到下个月。③Problems,ifany,shouldbesolved________delayinthelearningprocess.学习过程中若有问题要及时解决。【答案】②going③without[温馨提示]delay后常跟名词或动名词作宾语，不能跟不定式。类似用法的词语还有：admit，advise,avoid,resist，mind，permit,consider(考虑)，imagine,cannothelp,can'tstand，giveup,keepon。2．distributevt.使分布，分散；分发，分配；分销(1)distributesth.to/amongsb.把某物分发给某人(2)distributionn.分配，分发①Clothesandblanketshavebeendistributedamongtherefugees.衣服和毯子已经分发给难民了。②Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.The________oftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.目前，世界上大约有6800种语言。这些语言的分布极不平衡。③Theprinterswillmanagetodistributethebooks______everyimportantcityinthecountry.出版商们将设法把书发往全国各个重要的城市。【答案】②distribution③to3．suitableadj.适合的，适当的(1)besuitablefor适合……besuitabletodosth.适合做某事(2)suitvt.对……合适；合身，适合vi.合适，相称n.一套衣服suitsth.tosb./sth.使某事适合于某人/物(3)suitedadj.合适的；般配的besuitedto适合……①Thiskindofacmodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitable________thelong­staystudent.这种住宿提供独立的生活方式，更适合长期住校生。②Someexpertsarescepticalabout3­Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuited________fastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh­endrestaurants.一些专家对3D食物打印机持怀疑态度，他们认为3D食物打印机更适合快餐店，而不是家庭和高档餐厅。【答案】①for②to(2018·高考全国新课标卷Ⅲ，阅读理解B)Peoplesettleintheseplacesbecausetheyareeasytogettoandnaturallysuitedtomunicationsandtrade.[翻译]人们定居在这些地方，是因为这些地方很容易到达，并且适合通信和贸易。4．opposevt.反对，抵制，阻挠；与……竞争(1)oppose(sb.)doingsth.反对(某人)做某事opposeAto/againstB使A与B对抗/对照(2)opposedadj.反对的；相反的beopposedto反对；对抗(3)oppositeadj.相反的，对立的prep.与……相反；在……对面beoppositeto在……对面，与……相反quitetheopposite恰恰相反①Coulditbethepatternthattwothingsmake,asopposedtothree?莫非是因为两个东西形成的图案和三个东西形成的图案不同？②Motherstronglyopposed________onmyownthissummervacation.妈妈极力反对这个暑假我独自去旅行。③Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedto________ababyregularly.我一贯反对按时定期地喂养婴儿。【答案】②mytraveling③feeding5．typicaladj.平常的；典型的，有代表性的；象征性的；特有的betypicalof…是……的代表，是典型的……Itistypicalofsb.todosth.某人一向做某事①Jackislateagain.Itistypicalofhimtokeepotherswaiting.杰克又迟到了，他就是爱让别人等。②Ourteacher________assigneddailyhomework，whichwouldberecitedinclassthefollowingday.我们的老师通常天天布置作业，第二天让我们在课上背诵。【答案】②typically6．keepintouchwith与……保持联系(1)getintouchwith与……取得联系losetouchwith与……失去联系(2)beintouchwith与……有/保持联系beoutoftouchwith与……没有/失去联系①Wemustkeepintouchwitheachotherwhentravellingincaseanyonegetslost.旅行时，我们必须保持联系，以免有人迷路。②You'dbetter____________himassoonaspossible.你最好尽快和他取得联系。【答案】②getintouchwith[温馨提示]keep/beintouchwith和beoutoftouchwith表示状态，可和时间段连用；而getintouchwith，losetouchwith表示动作，不能和时间段连用。7．windup上发条；摇上(车窗)，结束winddown平静下来，放松；把(车窗)摇下windsth.aroundsth.把某物缠绕在某物上windone'sway蜿蜒前进①Iforgottowindmywatch________，soofcourseitstopped.我忘了给手表上发条了，所以它就停了。②Hestoppednexttoherand________uphiswindow.他在她身边停下来，摇上车窗。③Thishighwaywindsitswayalongthecoast.这条公路沿着海岸线弯弯曲曲地延伸。【答案】①up②wound8．rid…of…使……免除，使……摆脱beridof摆脱getridof摆脱；扔掉①Hewantedtoridhimselfoftheburdenofthesecret.他想把秘密说出来，让自己得到解脱。②Tryand____________yourvisitorsbeforeIgetthere.在我到达那儿之前请把你的客人打发走。③We'removing，sowehavetogetridofalotofourfurniture.我们要搬家了，所以我们得扔掉许多家具。【答案】②getridof[词汇训练全通关]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Fatherisstronglyopposed________(do)shoppingonSundaybecausethestreetsandsupermarketsarefullofpeople.2．________istypicalofhimtosethisaimhighbutdolittle，soheisalwaysleavingthingsundone.3．Wehaveverystrictqualitycontrolandanythingimperfectis________(reject)，socustomersfeelsecureaboutourproducts.4．Jackcamefromapoorfamily，sohisparentshadto________(sacrificed)alottopayforhisschooling.5．Theorganization________(distribute)foodandblanketscollectedfromallovertheworldtothepeoplewhosurvivedtheearthquake.6．Thedecision________(delay)foralmostayearbecauseofthelocalresidents'plaintthatthenewly－builtfactorywoulddisturbthequietnessoftheplace.7．Myteacheralwaysremindsmethatundernocircumstances________IabandonmylearninggoalsonceIsetthem.8．Iwishyouwouldgetrid________thatoldjacket.It'sfullofholes.9．Eventhoughshehasgoneabroad，westillkeepintouch________eachotherbye­mail.10．Ilookedupandnoticedasnake________(wind)itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfast.【答案】1.todoing2.It3.rejected4.sacrifice5．distributed6.wasdelayed7.should8.of9.with10.windingⅡ.单句改错1．Iwassofrustratedtofindmylostdog._____________________________________________________________2．Itwasupforhimtomakeitright,nomatterhowlongittook._____________________________________________________________3．They'reworkinghardtoridtheworldfromfamine._____________________________________________________________4．Theonlyaccessforthefarmhouseisacrossthefields._____________________________________________________________5．Thecourseissuitabletobeginnersandadvancedstudents._____________________________________________________________【答案】1.to前面加as2.for→to3.from→of4.for→to5．to→for第二板块经典句式[基础知识要牢记]1．When_askedlaterwhatthecallwasabout，yourfriendalwaysanswers，‘Oh，nothingreally.'当随后被问到里讲的什么时，你的朋友总是回答道，‘噢，真的没什么。'Whenaskedlaterwhatthecallwasabout是状语从句的省略，补充完整为：Whenyourfriendisaskedlaterwhatthecallwasabout。在表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步等的状语从句中，如果谓语含有be动词，且从句主语与主句的主语一致，或主语是it时，可以省略从句的主语和be动词。①Theworkersshouldn'tberesponsiblefortheaccident.Theyjustcarriedouttheorderastold.工人们不应该为这起事故负责。他们只是按命令行事。②Theflowerswilldie____________everyday.这些花如果不每天浇水就会死去。【答案】②unlesswatered(2018·高考新课标全国卷Ⅰ，阅读理解B)…shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.[分析]whilepreparing…为状语从句的省略。[翻译]……她每周访问一个不同的家庭，在厨师MattTebbutt的帮助下，提供如何减少食物浪费的建议，同时给每个家庭准备每日生活费低于5英镑的食谱。2．Ifthecallwasreallyabout‘nothing'，thenwhywasitsoimportantas_tointerruptyourconversationandwasteyourprecioustime?如果真的“没什么”，那么为什么它如此重要以至于打断你们的谈话并浪费你们宝贵的时间呢？句中so…asto…意为“如此……以至于……(结果状语)”。表示“如此……以至于……”的其他结构：such(…)astodo…such/so…that…①YesterdaymorningIgotupsolateastobelateforschool.昨天早晨我起得太晚，以至于上学迟到了。②Hiskindnesswassuchastomakeusalllovehim.他那么厚道，以至于我们大家都喜欢他。③Thisis________interestingabook/________aninterestingbook________weallenjoyreadingit.这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢读。【答案】③so；such；that[句式训练全通关]Ⅰ.句型转换1．Whenhewasaskedpersonalaffairs,hemadenoanswer.→______________personalaffairs,hemadenoanswer.2．Don'tbesoinnocentthatyouwillbelieveeverythinghesays.→Don'tbesoinnocent____________everythinghesays.3．Ifitispossible，thismachinecanbefixedatonce.→If________，thismachinecanbefixedatonce.4．ThegirllovesherEnglish.→________________herEnglish________thegirlloves.【答案】1.Whenasked2.astobelieve3.possible4．Itwas；thatⅡ.话题写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面小作文。1．21世纪是科技世纪。(technology)2．现在科技无处不在。(nowadays)3．众所周知，科技的发展对社会影响巨大。(asweallknow，haveasignificanteffect)4．网络、电脑和是我们常用的科技产品。5．这些科技新产品使我们的生活更舒适、更美好。(makeourlifemucheasierandbetter)【参考范文】The21stcenturyisthecenturyoftechnology.Nowadays，technologyiseverywherearoundus.Asweallknow，thedevelopmentoftechnologyhasasignificanteffectonoursociety.SeveraltechnologiesthatweusuallyusearetheInternet，putersandcellphones.Thesenewtechnologiesmakeourlifemucheasierandbetter.Ⅰ.阅读理解[阅读理解组块练]A(2018·河北衡水大联考)DutchmastersexhibitioninBeijingThe17thcenturyDutchGoldenAgehadseveralsignificantartistsandarangeofgreatpiecesproducedduringtheperiod—includingJanVermeer'sAYoungWomanSeatedattheVirginals，JanLievens'BoyinaCapeandTurbanandRembrandt'sSelf­PortraitwithShadedEyes.Someofthemostrefinedexamplesofthetime，includingthethreepiecesmentionedabove，willmaketheirdebut(首次亮相)inChinaaspartofaworldtourofTheLeidenCollection.Ifyougo：9a．m.—5p．m.，June17—Sept.3(closedonMondays)．NationalMuseumofChina,1WusiAvenue，DongchengDistrict.010­6400­1476.Ticket:50yuanTheAgeofMechanicalReproductionTheAgeofMechanicalReproduction，thelatestexhibitionattheRiversideArtMuseum，features41artworksofUSpopiconAndyWarhol，coveringartinstallations，paintingsandphotographs.Warhol'swell­knowninstallationElectricChairisahighlightoftheshow，whichisalsoitsdebutinAsia.Ifyougo：10a．m.—5p．m.，throughAugust28(closedonMondays)．TheRiversideArtMuseum，HongyanRoad，ChaoyangDistrict.010­5309­2062.Ticket:60yuanBackwithabangBeijing­basedbandEscapePlanwillholdaconcertinBeijingthisweekend.ThebandismostfamousforthesongTheBrightestStarintheNightSky.Ifyougo：7：30p．m.，June17.BeijingWorkers'Gymnasium，GongtiBeilu，ChaoyangDistrict.400­610­3721.Ticket:280—980yuanPurpleclayteapotsYixingpurpleclaypotteriesareavitalpartofChinesepotterycultureandhavebeenincludedinChina'slistofnationalintangibleculturalheritage(国家非物质文化遗产)．Aselectionofmorethan80purpleclayteapotswillgoondisplayatthePolyArtMuseumstartingFriday.TheexhibitwillincludearangeofdelicateteapotworksofJiYishun，WangXiaolongandGaoLijun，whoareallinheritors(继承人)ofthetime­honored(历史悠久的)potteryhandicraft.Ifyougo：9：30a．m.—4：30p．m.(closedonSundays)，throughJune30.PolyArtMuseum，NewPolyPlaza,1ChaoyangmenNorthStreet9.010­6500­8117.Ticket:20yuan1．WhatdoDutchmastersexhibitioninBeijingandTheAgeofMechanicalReproductionhaveinmon?A．Theirtotalexhibitiontime.B．Theyaren'topenonMondays.C．Theirticketprices.D．Theirexhibitionplaces.2．IfyouarefondoftheperformanceofEscapePlan，whichnumbercanyoucontacttobookaticketinadvance?A．010­5309­2062.B．010­6500­8117.C．010­6400­1476.D．400­610­3721.3．Wherecanyougoandenjoyanexhibitionbutspendlessmoney?A．PolyArtMuseum，NewPolyPlaza.B．NationalMuseumofChina.C．TheRiversideArtMuseum.D．BeijingWorkers'Gymnasium.【答案与解析】1．B细节理解题。根据DutchmastersexhibitioninBeijing部分中“9a．m.—5p．m.，June17—Sept.3(closedonMondays)．”和TheAgeofMechanicalReproduction部分中“10a．m.—5p．m.，throughAugust28(closedonMondays)．”可知它们的共同点是：每逢星期一不开门。故选B。2．D细节理解题。根据Backwithabang部分中“7：30p．m.，June17.BeijingWorkers'Gymnasium，GongtiBeilu，Chaoyangdistrict.400­610­3721.”可知拨打400­610­3721，就可以提前订票，故选D。3．A细节理解题。通读全文可知，这四项活动中，有三场展览，一场演唱会，而在展览中票价最便宜的是在PolyArtMuseum，NewPolyPlaza，仅需20元。故选A。BManyofushavebeesodependentonoursmartphonesthatweusethemtocarryout221taskseveryday.Astudyof2,000smartphoneownersreveals(显示)thattheaverageuserreachesfortheirphonesat7：31a．m.eachmorning，tocheckpersonale­mailsandFacebook.Andbeforethey'veevengotoutofbed，themajorityofpeoplechecktheweather，readthenews，andsendatextortwotofriends.Italsoemerges(出现)thatpeoplewillcheckthetraintimes，dotheirbankingandupdateInstagramearlyonintheday.Inanaverageweek，theresearchdiscoversthatuserspickuptheirphonesmorethan1,500timestopletevarioustasksfrome­mailstoplayinggamesandpostingtosocialmedia.Andtheaveragesmartphoneuserisontheirphonesforthreehoursandsixteenminutesaday.Thisamountstoalmostonefulldayaweekusingtheirphones，soit'snowonderalmostfourintenusersadmitfeelinglostwithouttheirphones.Manyownersalsoadmitfindingthemselvesusingtheirphoneswithoutrealizingthey'redoingso，withtwothirdssayingtheyhavemanagedtologinandbrowseFacebookwithoutthinking.Andsurprisingly，fourintensaidtheyhave，atonetimeoranother，checkedtheire­mailsautomaticallywithoutthinking.Thestudyhasalsorevealedthatoursmartphonesarenowbeingmoreofa“go­to­gadget”，replacingdesktopsandlaptops，whichpeopleonlyturntofor，onaverage,140tasksinatypicalday.4．Taskscarriedoutonsmartphonesareabout________morethanthoseondesktopsandlaptops.A．221 B．140C．1,500 D．805．Onaverage，howlongdopeoplespendontheirphonesaweek?A．Threehoursandsixteenminutes.B．Almostonefullday.C．Abouttwodays.D．Notmentionedinthepassage.6．Whatcanbelearnedfromthefourthparagraph?A．Peopleoftenusetheirphonesunconsciously(无意识地)．B．OnethirdmanagetobrowseFacebookwithoutthinking.C．Halfofpeoplechecktheire­mailsautomatically.D．Sixintenpeopledon'tchecktheire­mails.7．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．AreWeAddictedtoOurSmartphones?B．TheFunctionsofSmartphonesC．TheDisadvantagesofSmartphonesD．SmartphonesWillTakethePlaceofDesktopsandLaptops【答案与解析】4．D细节理解题。由文章第一段221tasks和最后一段140tasks两者相减可知D为正确选项。5．B细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句“Thisamountstoalmostonefulldayaweekusingtheirphones.”可知人们一周大约有一整天的时间在看，故B为正确选项。6．A推理判断题。由文章第四段第一句可知，还有许多用户承认，他们使用的时候根本没有意识到自己在做什么，故选A。7．A主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人们非常依赖自己的智能。故选A。C(2018·武汉市高中毕业生调研测试)paniesthathaveinvested(投资)heavilyinbigdatawanttoknowhowtomakesmartinvestmentsthatwilldistinguishthemfromthepetitionandenablethebestpossiblereturnbeforemakingthedecisiontogoallin.Inthepast,notallenterprisebigdataplanswentasplanned.Thesefailuresarenotusuallypublished,butthebigdatafailurerateisunusuallyhigh.AccordingtoGartner,only15%ofbusinessesmakeitpasttheexperimentalstageoftheseprojects.Ourfear,asleadersoftechnologypanies,isthatwithsomuchattentionsurroundingAI,thepressureisonforustoapplythetechnologywithoutfirstsettingclearbusinessgoalsandunderstandingthedifferencesbetweenAIandMLandhowtheyshouldbeapplied,thusriskingfallingbehindthemanydecisionmakerswhoareadoptingtechnologies.It'seasytogetcaughtupinthegreatexpectationofartificialintelligenceaswellasit'spromoted,includingbreakthroughslikedeeplearning,butthoselookingtomakeanoutsizedinfluenceshouldinsteadfocusongoodold­fashionedmachinelearning—orcheaplearning.Thedistinctionissimple:Cheaplearningisaboutusingbasicmachinelearningtechniquesonstraightforwarddatasetsindifferentpartsofapanytoproducealargenumberofsmall,gradualimprovements.Deeplearning,ontheotherhand,isaspecificpartofmachinelearning.Deeplearningisacollectionofadvancedmachinelearningapproachesthatmakebusinessdecisionsbasedonhighlyplexdatasetspossible.Fortasksofanalyzingrawdata,suchasimagesandvoicerecordings,deeplearningisbest.Butwhenitestoworkingonsimplified,structuredtypesofdata,we'vefoundcheapmachinelearningwilldo_the_trick.Whenyouconsiderthatthemajorityofdataflowingthroughenterprisesfallsintothissecondcategory,it'sclearwhichtoolmakesthemostsense.8．Whatdoweknowaboutinvestmentinbigdatafromthefirstparagraph?A．It'ssecret. B．It'ssafe.C．It'srisky. D．It'sfruitful.9．Whichofthefollowingaddstothepressureontheleadingtechnologypanies?A．UnderstandingAIandML.B．WastingtoomuchtimeonAI.C．Fallingbehindotherpanies.D．Actingwithunclearbusinessgoals.10．Whatshouldpanieswithambitiousconcentrateon?A．Astronginfluence. B．Bigbreakthroughs.C．Cheaplearning. D．Deeplearning.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“dothetrick”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Invest.BCheat.C．Function. D．Simplify.【答案与解析】8．C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thesefailuresarenotusuallypublished,butthebigdatafailurerateisunusuallyhigh.”可知，投资大数据失败率相当高，风险巨大，故选C。9．D细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中“thepressureisonforustoapplythetechnologywithoutfirstsettingclearbusinessgoals”可知，运用这种技术而没有先设定清晰的商业目标会带来压力，故选D。10．C细节理解题。根据第三段中“butthoselookingtomakeanoutsizedinfluenceshouldinsteadfocusongoodold­fashionedmachinelearning—orcheaplearning.”可知，那些想要有极大影响的(即有抱负的)企业要集中精力于好的、旧式的简单学习，故选C。11．C词义猜测题。根据最后一段第一、二句可推知，此处dothetrick指的是“起作用”的含义，故选C。D(2018·江苏省张家港市调研考试)Atticuswasweak:hewasnearlyfifty.WhenJemandIaskedhimwhyhewassoold,hesaidhegotstartedlate,whichwefeltreflecteduponhisabilitiesandmanliness.Hewasmucholderthantheparentsofourschoolcontemporaries,andtherewasnothingJemorIcouldsayabouthimwhenourclassmatessaid,“Myfather—”Jemwasfootballcrazy.Atticuswasnevertootiredtoplaykeep­away,butwhenJemwantedtotacklehim,Atticuswouldsay,“I'mtoooldforthat,son.”Ourfatherdidn'tdoanything.Heworkedinanoffice,notinadrugstore.Atticusdidnotdriveadump­truckforthecounty,hewasnotthepoliceofficer,hedidnotfarm,workinagarage,ordoanythingthatcouldpossiblyarousetheadmirationofanyone.Besidesthat,heworeglasses.Hewasnearlyblindinhislefteye,andsaidlefteyeswerethetribal(家族的)curseoftheFinches.Wheneverhewantedtoseesomethingwell,heturnedhisheadandlookedfromhisrighteye.Hedidnotdothethingsourschoolmates'fathersdid:heneverwenthunting;hedidnotplaypokerorfishordrinkorsmoke.Hesatinthelivingroomandread.Withthesecharacteristics,however,hewouldnotremainasinconspicuous(不显眼)aswewishedhimto:thatyear,thewholeschooltalkedabouthimdefendingTomRobinson,noneofwhichwasplimentary.AftermyfightwithCecilJacobswhenImittedmyselftoapolicyofchicken,wordgotaroundthatScoutFinchwouldn'tfightanymore,herdaddywouldn'tlether.Thiswasnotentirelycorrect:Iwouldn'tfightpubliclyforAtticus,butthefamilywasprivateground.Iwouldfightanyonefromathirdcousinupwardstoothandnail.FrancisHancock,forexample,knewthat.Whenhegaveusourair­gunsAtticuswouldn'tteachustoshoot.UncleJackinstructedustherefore;hesaidAtticuswasn'tinterestedinguns.AtticussaidtoJemoneday,“I'dratheryoushotattincansinthebackyard,butIknowyou'llgoafterbirds.Shootallthebluejaysyouwant,ifyoucanhitthem,butrememberit'sasin(罪过)tokillamockingbird.”ThatwastheonlytimeIeverheardAtticussayitwasasintodosomething,andIaskedMissMaudieaboutit.“Yourfather'sright，”shesaid.“Mockingbirdsdon'tdoonethingbutmakemusicforustoenjoy.Theydon'teatuppeople'sgardens,don'tnestincorncribs,theydon'tdoonethingbutsingtheirheartsoutforus.That'swhyit'sasintokillamockingbird.”12．Whoistellingthestory?A．FrancisHancock. B．TomRobinson.C．ScoutFinch. D．MissMaudie.13．WhatdidthechildrenthinkoftheirfatherAtticusinthebeginning?A．Hewasnotmanlyorskilled.B．Hewaswillingtofightforhisfamily.C．Hewasinterestedinnothinginhissparetime.D．Hewasstillenergeticthoughhewasnearly50.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plimentary”inthe6thparagraphprobablymean?A．Reasonableargument.B．Goodremarks.C．Wrongjudgment.D．Strongcriticism.15．Mockingbirdscanbeparedtopeoplewhoare______.A．ablebutmodestB．disabledbutdevotedC．intelligentandentertainingD．harmlessandhelpful【答案与解析】12．C细节理解题。根据第六段第二句可知，ScoutFinch是“我”的名字，即叙述这个故事的人。故选C。13．A细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，孩子们一开始不认为他是一个有技能的刚强有力的父亲。故选A。14．B词义猜测题。根据第一到第六段的理解可知，作者认为父亲有那么多弱点，不希望他抛头露面，因为作者会因此感到羞辱，但是他却不甘寂寞，硬要出面。所以“talkedabouthimdefendingTomRobinson”肯定不是好话，才符合逻辑。由此推断出“plimentary”意为“赞扬的”。故选B。15．D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段对mockingbirds的描述，可知mockingbirds既不毁坏别人的花园，也不在玉米地里做窝，除了专心歌唱，什么坏事都不做。故选D。Ⅱ.七选五(2018届安徽省江淮十校高三第二次联考)“JaneEyre”waspublishedin1847.Itisnotjustaromancenovel,butaneducationalstory.WomencanlearnsomuchfromthisgreatVictorianheroine.ThisisnottosuggestthatJanedidn'thaveshortings.1Youcanovereyourpast,howeverbaditis.JaneEyreismademiserableasachildbyherhorriblerelatives.2Heconstantlyremindsherthatshe'sanorphan(孤儿)．ButshelearnsalotaboutlettinggowhensheissenttoaboardingschoolandmakesfriendswithHelen.3Janenotes,“Theworldwasavariedfieldofhopesandexcitementwaitingforthosewhohadthecouragetogoforth.”IfJanehadn'tbeenbrave,shemighthavereturnedtothecruelwomanwhoraisedher.Don'tbeafraidtospeakyourmind.Sheisnotscaredtovoiceheropinionswhennecessary.Itismuchbettertotalkaboutthingsthantohideunspokenanger.4Bepositive.WhenJanewasyounger,shehadatendencytofeelsorryforherself.5Butasshegetsolder,shelearnstobehappydespiteherpast.A．Youcandecideyourlife.B．Thepossibilitiesforlifeareendlessforthosewhotakerisks.C．Talkingalsohelpshealrelationshipsaswell.D．Her