译林版英语选修七新素养学案Unit4PublictransportSectionⅣGrammarWritingWord版含答案

SectionⅣGrammar&Writing短语动词一、动词常与其他词类(多是介词和副词)搭配在一起，构成固定词组，称之为短语动词。一般短语动词可分为以下几类：1．动词＋介词动词与介词构成的词组在词义上相当于一个及物动词，宾语总是在介词后面。believein 信任/信赖/信仰belongto... 属于……careabout 对……关心/感兴趣eacross 走过来；偶然碰到/找到counton... 信赖/指望……gothrough 通过liein... 在于……preparefor... 为……作准备eq\a\vs4\al()对接高考①MyclassmatesandIaretalking____________whattododuringtheholiday.我和我的同学们正在讨论假期该干什么。about解析：talkabout“讨论，谈论”。②Thereisnodoubtthatthiscandidate’sadvantagelies____________hisabilitytomunicatewithforeignersinEnglish.毫无疑问，这个候选人的优势在于他用英语和外国人交流的能力。in解析：liein“在于”。2．动词＋副词这类结构中宾语放在副词之前、之后均可，但如果宾语为人称代词，则必须放在副词之前。如果宾语过长，则应放在副词之后。breakdown 坏了；垮了；分解giveup 放弃bringup 抚养；教育carryout 执行；实施insiston 坚持要/坚决主张……breakin 闯入findout 查明pickout 精心挑选eq\a\vs4\al()对接高考③Whentheirchildrenlivedfarawayfromthem,theseoldpeoplefeltcut____________fromtheworld.当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉与世隔绝了。off解析：cutoff“切断”。3．动词＋副词＋介词这类动词短语相当于一个及物动词。宾语总是位于介词之后。doawaywith 废弃；废除geton/alongwith 与……相处catchupwith 赶上；跟上addupto 总计达breakawayfrom 从……脱离；打破……fitinwith 适应/符合……4．动词＋名词＋介词这类动词短语只用作及物动词。这类动词短语常可用于被动语态，并且有些可以有两种形式。makeuseof 利用payattentionto 注意takeadvantageof 利用takepartin 参加showinterestin 对……表现出兴趣keeppacewith 与……并驾齐驱Insomecountries,peoplearemakinguseoftheheatinthecenteroftheearth.→Theheatinthecenteroftheearthisbeingmadeuseofinsomecountries.在一些国家，人们正在利用地球中心的热能。5．其他短语动词(1)动词＋名词这类动词短语中的常见动词是have,take,give,make等，后面的名词通常是从动词转化而来的动作名词，并表达了动词短语的真正意义。havealook 看一看haveatry 试一试makeanappointment 约会takeplace 发生makeadiscovery 发现makesense 讲得通，有意义loseheart 丧失信心makefaces 做鬼脸(2)动词＋反身代词＋介词helponeselfto 随便吃giveoneselfto 专心于dressoneselfin 穿着occupyoneselfin 忙于devoteoneselfto 专心；致力于(3)动词＋介词＋名词keep...inmind 记住……oeffect 使……生效oconsideration 考虑到……eintobeing 形成eintoeffect 生效burstintotears 突然大哭起来(4)动词＋itmakeit 成功putit 叙述，说明getit 明白二、我们在使用短语动词时一般遵循以下规则：1．在短语动词中，副词既可以置于宾语前，也可以置于宾语后Flemingtriedoutthismouldonanotherbacterium.＝Flemingtriedthismouldoutonanotherbacterium.弗莱明把霉在另一种细菌上做试验。如果宾语是一个代词，它必须置于动词和副词之间。Flemingtrieditoutonotherbacteria.弗莱明在其他细菌上进行试验。2．短语动词后并不总是跟宾语Theoperationwillhavetobeputoffbecausethepatientistooweak.因为病人太虚弱了，所以手术不得不推迟了。Flemingdidnotgiveup.弗莱明没有放弃。3．在由动词和介词构成的短语动词中，介词的宾语总是置于介词后Doctorsarelookingintothecasefornewtreatment.医生正在为新的治疗研究方案。Sometimespeopleaskformedicinethattheydonotreallyneed.有时人们买那些他们并不真正需要的药。短语动词含义例句tryout实验Don’ttrythedrugoutonanimals.不要用药在动物们身上做实验。giveup放弃Tellyourfathertogiveupsmoking.告诉你父亲要戒烟。washup洗餐具Sheiswashingupinthekitchen.她正在厨房里洗餐具。talkover详细讨论Let’stalktheissueover.让我们来详细讨论一下问题。setup设立，建立Dr.Armstrongsetuphisownsurgeryin2000.阿姆斯特朗医生在2000年建立了自己的诊疗室。lookafter照顾，照看Ispentawholedaylookingaftermysickdog.我花了一整天的时间来照看我的生病的小狗。turnup露面Theydidnotturnupuntil10o’clock.他们直到10点钟才露面。4.许多短语动词一词多义。例如，“makeout”具有许多不同的含义，下面列举其中三种含义：①能够看清或听清Icouldhardlymakeoutanythinginthethickfog.在大雾里我几乎看不清任何东西。②理解(仅用于否定句和疑问句中)Ican’tmakeoutwhatthearticlesays.我不能理解这篇文章讲了些什么。③谎称Hemadeoutthathewasafamousdoctor.他谎称自己是一位很有名的医生。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)选词填空eupwith;dealwith;putoff;dependon;putthrough;breakout;decideon;makeout;turnup;fillin1．Theeffectsofgossipvary____________thesituation.答案：dependingon2．Ourclass____________theideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.答案：cameupwith3．Learningto____________thesocialworldisequallyimportant.答案：dealwith4．Thesportsmeetinghadtobe____________becauseoftheheavyrain.答案：putoff5．Now,it’salready10o’clock，butLucyhasn’t____________．答案：turnedup6．We____________spendingthevacationbysea.答案：decideon7．Fire____________intheneighborhoodlastnight.答案：brokeout8．Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredto____________thenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.答案：fillin9．ShehasgrownupandIcan’t________her________anylonger.答案：make;out10．IhavecalledJimupmanytimesbutIcan’t________him________．答案：put;througheq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)语法与写作1．她使用这部新电脑时一直有麻烦，但她不知道该找谁帮忙。She’shavingalotoftroublewiththenewputer,butshedoesn’tknowwhomto____________．答案：turnto2．在这么短的时间内，他是不可能完成这份工作的。Hardly________he____________thisamountofworkinsuchashorttime.答案：would;getthrough3．建房子前你需要得到政府的允许。Beforebuildingahouse，youwillhaveto____________thegovernment’spermission.答案：askfor4．这种工作需要精力高度集中。It’sthesortofworkthat____________ahighlevelofconcentration.答案：callsfor5．你知道第二次世界大战是什么时候爆发的吗？DoyouknowwhentheWouldWarⅡ____________？答案：brokeout6．尽管昨天有大雾，飞机还是起飞了。Theplane____________inspiteofthefogyesterday.答案：tookoff7．——你在看什么书，汤姆？——我没在真的看书，我在翻书。—Whatareyoureading，Tom?—Iamnotreallyreading，just____________thepages.答案：turningover如何写电子邮件eq\a\vs4\al()文体感知1．电子邮件标头的填写首先，必须要在标题(Heading)栏的“收件人(To)”框中输入收件人的E­mail地址。然后填写“主题”(Subject)框，“主题”框的内容应简明地概括信的内容，短的可以是一个单词，如“Greetings”；长的可以是一个名词性短语，也可以是一个完整句，但长度一般不超过35个字母。“主题”框的内容切忌含糊不清。2．电子邮件的文体电子邮件一般使用非正式的文体。在同辈的亲朋好友或同事间可以直呼其名，但对长辈或上级最好使用头衔加上姓。电子邮件文体的另外一个特点是简单明了，便于阅读，太长的内容可以以附件的方式发出。一个段落大多仅由一到三个句子组成。信尾客套话(plimentaryclose)通常也很简明，常常只需一个词。例如：“Thanks”，“Best”等。3．电子邮件的正文电子邮件实质上是书信的一种，因此，在书写格式上与书信比较相似。在电子邮件中显示的画面的正文区所记载的内容便是信函的主文或正文，主要由开头敬辞、正文、结尾敬辞及署名4部分组成。(1)开头敬辞相当于书信中的称呼语，一般在收信人姓名前加上Dear，如DearMr.Li，DearMrs.Smith，DearTom等。(2)正文即E­mail所要表达的具体内容，常因表达的目的、对象或需要的不同而有所变化。一般要求正文的内容简单明了，言简意赅。在措辞上力求做到“礼貌三原则”，即：一是语句不可带有命令性(以免造成距离感)；二是给予对方选择权(以示敬意)；三是表示亲近(以获得对方好感)。(3)结尾敬辞相当于汉语书信的“敬上”等客套语。英语常用的结尾敬辞有Sincerelyyours，Sincerely,Withbestwishes,Bestwishes及Yoursever等。可根据自己的喜好或与对方关系的亲疏选择不同的结尾敬辞。(4)署名。一般在信尾附上发信人的姓名、联络方式和其他相关的资料。发给朋友和熟人的E­mail既可签上自己的全名，也可简单地仅仅签上自己的名字；商用书信往往要求签上自己的全名，即包括自己的名字、E­mail地址、所属单位、组织或团体名称、号码及等资料。eq\a\vs4\al()常用句式1．Howareyou(doing)?2．Iamsopleasedtohearfromyouandamwritingtotellyousomethingabout...3．Pleaseletmeknowifyouhaveanyquestions.4．Ifyouagreewithme,pleasewritealettertomeorphoneme.5．Thanksfortheinformation.6．Thanksforyourattention!7．Hopeyouhaveagoodtrip.8．Iexpecttohearfromyousoon.9．Mytelephonenumber/Myaddress/Mye­mailaddressis...10．What’syoursuggestion？I’mlookingforwardtoit.eq\a\vs4\al()写作要求假定你是李华，在校报英语专栏看到了“英语文化节”的一则招募启事。请阅读启事，并根据写作要点和写作要求写一封应征邮件。VolunteersWantedOurannualEnglishFestival,whichwillbeheldonDec.15－17,isnowlookingfor20studentvolunteerstoprovideserviceforTalentShow,SpeechContest,andEnglishDebate.Ifyouareinterested,pleasesendanapplicationemailatyourearliestconveniencetoMs.Chenatchenlaoshi@aef.写作要点：1．表达写信意图；2．陈述应征目的；3．说明应征条件(性格、能力等)。写作要求：1．邮件词数100左右；2．开头和结尾部分已写好，不计入总词数；3．可根据情况增加细节，使行文连贯；4．不能使用真实姓名和名称。DearMs.Chen，I’mLiHua,astudentfromClass2,Grade3.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourstruly，LiHuaeq\a\vs4\al()妙笔成篇________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：DearMs.Chen，I’mLiHua,astudentfromClass2，Grade3.I’mwritingtoapplyforthepositionasastudentvolunteer.Ireallywanttoobtainthispreciousopportunitybecause,byofferingmyservice,Iwillbeabletoimprovemyorganisationalability,municationskillsaswellasmyconfidenceinspeakingEnglishinpublic.Asanoutgoinggirl,Igetalongwellwithmyclassmates.Besides,IhavesuchagoodmandofEnglishthatIamelectedasassistanttomyEnglishteacher.Successfully,IhavelentahelpinghandtoherinseveralEnglishactivitiesofmyclass,whichhasbeenappreciatedbybothteachersandmyclassmates.IamsurethatIcanperfectlyliveuptoyourexpectations.Iwillbegratefulifyoucouldgivemeakindconsideration.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourstruly，LiHuaA卷[学生用书P149(单独成册)]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)单句语法填空1．Theoldladygave____________mostofhersavingstohelpthosepoorchildrenwhocouldn’tgotoschool.答案：away2．Itwouldbemuchbettertoput____________themeetingtillnextweek.答案：off3．Hewasbrought____________byhisuncleinAmerica.答案：up4．Theyhavedecided____________theplaceanddateoftheouting.答案：on5．Theoldandtheyoungareeasilytaken____________byfalseadvertisements.答案：in6．Justalittlepatienceandwewilllookintotheproblemyouput____________soon.答案：forward7．Go____________yourlessonsagainbeforetheexam.答案：over8．Thegovernmentcalls____________everyonetoprotectourenvironment.答案：on9．Hisnewbusinessbrings____________1，000dollars.答案：in10．Irangyouseveraltimesbutitcouldn’tget____________．答案：througheq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)阅读理解EvenforacertifiedteacherwithadegreeandteachingcertificatefromFlorida,acertainembarrassmentexists.Thetwowords“Englishteacher”don’tclearlyshowwhoIam.Letmeexplain:WhenIgobacktotheU．S.,Imeetallmyoldfriends.Somearestressed,exhaustedandgenerallyunhappy.Theyarestuckinjobstheydon’tlovethattheydoonlytopaythebills.Eventheonesmakinggoodmoneydon’tevenhavethetimetospenditandenjoythemselves.IfIwereintheU．S.andIwasworkingasateacher,anaccountant,alawyerorsoon,thenthatwouldbemyjobmoreorlessforthenext30to40years.Imighthaveothertalents,butIwouldbelimitedinbeingabletoexplorethem.InChinathesystemisfluidforeveryone:Chineseandexpats(侨民).Iknowmanyfriends,bothChineseandexpats,whochangedcareersbecausetheywantedsomethingnewanditdidn’trequiregoingbacktouniversitytostudyforfourmoreyears.Allitrequiredwasmotivationandacalculatedrisk.OneofthebestthingsaboutlivinginChinaformeisthatIcanexploredifferentcareerchoicesandactuallyfindonethatItrulylove.Let’sfaceitthatpeoplechangeovertheyears:Yourlikes,yourabilitiesandeventhethingsthatmakeyouhappyareconstantlychanging.Whyshouldn’tyourjobsandtheopportunitiesalsochangewithyou?WhenpeopleaskmeifIlovemyjob,myansweris“YES”.InChinaIhavehadmanyjobs:anactor,amodel,asalesmanandateacheratvariousstagesduringmysevenyearshere.Andnoonetoldme“Youcan’tdothat.”．Therewasnoself－limiting.InChina,ifyouhavethemotivationtoworkhardandthedrivetosucceedthenopportunitiespresentthemselvesaroundeverycorner.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。尽管“我”有学位和教师资格证，但是在美国“我”可能像“我”的美国朋友一样，做着不喜欢的工作，因而感到不开心；但是，在中国，“我”可以尝试各种不同的工作，只要有动力，就能找到机会。1．Whytheterm“Englishteacher”couldn’texplaintheauthor’sroleinChinaclearly?A．BecausehehastakenmanydifferentjobsinChina.B．BecausehehasnochoicebuttobeanEnglishteacher.C．Becausethepurposeofhisteachingistomakegoodmoney.D．Becausethere’retoomanyjobsforhimtochoosefrom.A解析：细节理解题。根据第四段，尤其是第二句“InChinaIhavehadmanyjobs:anactor,amodel,asalesmanandateacheratvariousstagesduringmysevenyearshere.”可知，“我”在中国生活的七年时光中，从事了多种职业，故第一段中所说的“英语老师”这个词并不能清楚地说明“我”在中国的角色。2．Whyaresomeoftheauthor’soldfriendsgenerallyunhappy?A．BecausetheyhavenochancetoworkinChinaasteachers.B．Becauseit’sevenharderforthemtoearnmoneyintheU．S.now.C．Becausetheyhavenoabilitytoexploretheirothertalents.D．Becausetheycan’tgetawayfromtheworktheydon’tenjoy.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段，尤其是第二到四句“Somearestressed,exhaustedandgenerallyunhappy.Theyarestuckinjobstheydon’tlovethattheydoonlytopaythebills.Eventheonesmakinggoodmoneydon’tevenhavethetimetospenditandenjoythemselves.”可知，在美国，“我”的老朋友中的一些人压力很大，疲惫不堪，而且不快乐。他们被困在自己不喜欢的职业中，只是为了赚钱而工作。即使是那些赚了大钱的人也没有时间去消费和享受生活。故D项正确。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fluid”inParagraph3mean?A．Strict. B．Fixed.C．Changeable. D．Exciting.C解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句“Iknowmanyfriends,bothChineseandexpats,whochangedcareersbecausetheywantedsomethingnewanditdidn’trequiregoingbacktouniversitytostudyforfourmoreyears.”可知，在中国，许多职业并不需要四年的大学学习，人们可以自由选择职业，故中国的工作体制不是僵化的，而是可变的。据此可知，该词意为“可变的”，故C项正确。4．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofChina?A．Acountrywithoutmotivation.B．Alandofopportunities.C．Anationfullofforeigners.D．Aplaceshortofjobs.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“InChina,ifyouhavethemotivationtoworkhardandthedrivetosucceedthenopportunitiespresentthemselvesaroundeverycorner.”可知，“我”认为，在中国，如果你有努力工作的动力和成功的魄力，那么机会就会出现在你眼前。据此可以判断，“我”认为中国是一个充满着机会的国度，故B项正确。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)完形填空IntheweekbeforeChristmas,oneDeltaairlinespilotgaveasadArizonafamilyagiftthatnooneelsecould.Fatherofthree,JayShortdiedaftera__1__withlungcancerDec.16th.Threedayslater,hisfamilywasattemptingto__2__toTennesseeforthefuneralscheduledforthenextmorning.Buta90­minute__3__atthePhoenixairport__4__themonlysevenminutestomaketheirconnectingflightinMinnesota.“Thiswasour__5__chancetosaygoodbyetomydad,andifwehadn’t__6__theflight,wewouldhavemissedthe__7__．”Jay’sdaughtersaid.Butwhentheyarrivedatthegate,thelastplaneofthedaytoMemphiswas__8__awayfromthegate.“Mysonwas__9__hisarmsandpleadingwiththepilotthroughthefloor­to­ceilingwindows.”saidMarcia,“Iwas__10__andfortingmygirlswhowerealsointearswhenthephonerang,__11__usthatthepilotwasreturningtothegatetoletus__12__theplane.”CaptainAdamCohensawthe__13__ontheirfacesthroughthegate’swindowsanddecidedtoturntheplanearound.AirlineexpertspointedoutCohencouldhave__14__gottenintotroubleforthe__15__decision,butDelta__16__themoveinstead.“Thisis__17__we’lltakewithus,knowingwemadea__18__．”confirmedAdam.Thisstoryisan__19__thatwecanbringhumanitybacktosociety.Showcareanditmay__20__youhowfarthatyougo.【解题导语】文章介绍一家人去参加父亲的葬礼，但是飞机延误，让他们来不及赶下一班飞机，在他们赶到机场的时候，飞机已经离开门口，他们绝望地哭泣、呼喊。飞行员看到这个场景，决定将飞机开回来让他们登机。1．Apetition B．symptomC．connection D．battleD解析：句意：三个孩子的父亲JayShort在和癌症斗争之后于12月16号去世了。battle“斗争”。故选D。2．A.ride B．runC．fly D．driveC解析：根据上文“oneDeltaairlinespilot”可知，他的家人试图乘飞机去Tennessee参加预定在第二天早上的葬礼。fly“乘飞机”。故选C。3．A.wait B．delayC．interval D．sleepB解析：根据下文“onlysevenminutestomaketheirconnectingflightinMinnesota”可知，飞机延误了90分钟。delay“延误”。故选B。4．A.spared B．offeredC．brought D．leftD解析：句意：Phoenix机场延误了90分钟只给他们留下7分钟赶Minnesota的下一班飞机。left“留下”。故选D。5．A.last B．slightC．rare D．properA解析：根据上文“JayShortdied”可知，这是他们最后一次和爸爸告别的机会。last“最后的”。故选A。6．A.caught B．followedC．booked D．confirmedA解析：根据下文“wewouldhavemissedthe______．”可知，如果我们不能赶上飞机，就错过了葬礼。caught“赶上”。故选A。7．A.doctor B．meetingC．polite D．funeralD解析：根据上文“forthefuneral”可知，他们是去参加葬礼的。funeral“葬礼”。故选D。8．A.keeping B．bringingC．pulling D．takingC解析：句意：但是当他们到达门口的时候，那天的最后一班去Memphis的飞机开走了。pullaway“开走”。故选C。9．A.raising B．wavingC．folding D．crossingB解析：根据“pleadingwiththepilot”可知，儿子挥着手臂，恳求飞行员。waving“挥手”。故选B。10．A.struggling B．shoutingC．crying D．prayingC解析：根据下文“fortingmygirlswhowerealsointears”可知，Marcia“在哭(crying)”。故选C。11．A.advising B．informingC．warning D．instructingB解析：根据上文“whenthephonerang”可知，通知我们飞行员正回到门口让我们登机。inform“通知”。故选B。12．A.land B．guideC．change D．boardD解析：根据上文“thepilotwasreturningtothegate”可知，通知我们飞行员回到门口让我们登机。board“登上(船，火车，飞机)”。故选D。13．A.appreciation B．satisfactionC．desperation D．cautionC解析：根据上文“Mysonwas________hisarmsandpleadingwiththepilot”可知，CaptainAdamCohen从门口的窗户看见我们的绝望。desperation“绝望”。故选C。14．A.deliberately B．merelyC．optionally D．easilyD解析：句意：航空专家说Cohen可能容易惹上麻烦。easily“容易地”。故选D。15．A.careless B．unusualC．selfless D．unwiseB解析：根据上文“thepilotwasreturningtothegate”可知，飞行员在飞机启动后又回来这是不寻常的决定。unusual“不寻常的”。故选B。16．A.resisted B．opposedC．praised D．sponsoredC解析：根据下文“wecanbringhumanitybacktosociety”可知，Delta表扬这种做法。praise“表扬”。故选C。17．A.nothing B．somethingC．anything D．everythingB解析：上文说Delta表扬这种做法。下文是：这是了不起的。something“了不起的事情”。故选B。18．A.difference B．changeC．promise D．dealA解析：makeadifference是固定搭配，意为“有影响，有差别”。故选A。19．A.activity B．eventC．incident D．evidenceD解析：这个故事证明我们将人性带回到社会。evidence“证据”。故选D。20．A.surprise B．panicC．disappoint D．embarrassA解析：句意：表示关爱，它会令你惊讶的……surprise“使……惊讶”。故选A。B卷[学生用书P151(单独成册)]eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解ATheLittleSingersofParisinSuzhouDate：Nov.307：30p．m.Venue：ZhangjiagangPolyTheaterPrice：30－480yuanTheboys’choirLesPetitsChanteursàlaCroixdeBoiswascreatedin1907andisnowfamousworldwide.Eachworldtourisahugesuccess.Thechoristersarebetween9and15yearsoldandareproudoftheirchoir’slonghistoryofover100yearsandarestillfulfillingchildhooddreams.Theyhavetoleavetheirfamiliesinordertobepartofthisextraordinaryadventure:traveling,sharingtheirpassionforsingingandenablingotherstodiscoverthejoyofmusic.Harlequino:OntoFreedomDate：Nov.19－207：30p．m.Venue：BeijingedyTheaterPrice：80－680yuanThedramadiscussesthetrueessence(本质)ofartwiththehumorofItalianimprovisational(即兴的)edy.Theperformersdiscussthepurposeofart,reflectonhowhistoryiswrittenandsurveywhatisfunnyandwhatneedstobeliberated.PlasticFantastic—MimirichiinShanghaiDate：Nov.177：30p．m.Venue：ShanghaiDaningTheaterPrice：100－380yuanFourUkrainian“kidult”ediansdecidetothrowawildpartyusingplasticofallshapesandcolors.PlasticFantasticdeliversaseriesofshorticstoriesthatmiximprovisation,pantomime,clownartandsoundtodrawyouintotheircrazyworld.TheCollectionofAmericanModernDancefromPaulTaylorDate：Nov.19－207：30p．m.Venue：NationalCenterforthePerformingArtsPrice：100－480yuanPaulTaylor,oneofthemostacplishedartiststhisnationhaseverproduced,hascontinuedtoshapeAmerica’shomegrownartofmoderndancesincehebecameaprofessionaldancerandpioneeringchoreographerin1954.TaylorfirstpresentedhischoreographywithfiveotherdancersinManhattanonMay30，1954.Thatmodestperformancemarkedthebeginningofahalf­centuryofunrivaledcreativity,andinthedecadesthatfollowed,Mr.Taylorbecameaculturaliconandoneofthehistory’smostcelebratedartists,hailed(向……致敬)aspartofthepantheonthatcreatedAmericandance.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个世界上著名的演出及其团队的基本情况。1．TouristsarelikelytoappreciateAmericanmoderndancein________．A．BeijingedyTheaterB．ShanghaiDaningTheaterC．ZhangjiagangPolyTheaterD．NationalCenterforthePerformingArtsD解析：细节理解题。根据标题TheCollectionofAmericanModernDancefromPaulTaylor及下文中的“Venue:NationalCenterforthePerformingArts”可知，想要观赏美国现代舞蹈的游客可以去国家大剧院。venue意为“举行场所”。2．Whichofthefollowingmayappealtothosewhoarecrazyaboutshorticstories?A．LesPetitsChanteursàlaCroixdeBois.B．Italianimprovisationaledy.C．PlasticFantastic.D．Harlequino:OntoFreedom.C解析：细节理解题。根据文中的“PlasticFantasticdeliversaseriesofshorticstories”可知，PlasticFantastic对那些对短喜剧故事感兴趣的人有吸引力。3．Withthecheapestadmissionticket,touristscanhaveaccesstotheperformance________．A．onNov.30 B．onNov.20C．onNov.19 D．onNov.17A解析：细节理解题。通过比较文中介绍的这四种表演的入场票价格可知，TheLittleSingersofParis的表演有价格最低的入场票，根据此部分中的“Nov.307：30p．m.”可知，应选A项。BEveryyearatthistime,thepeasantsbegantheirlongreligiousjourneytoGeed­leh,tovisitthechurchthere,andtoprayforGod’shelp.Theywalkedorrodeinwagons;theycrowdedtheroadsleadingtotheholytown,forGeed­lehwasfamousinPolandasaplacewhereGoddidmiracles.ThecoolautumndaysalsobroughtmanybeggarstoGeed­leh.Thepeasantsgaveawaymoreoftheirmoneyonsuchareligiousholidayasthis.Someofthebeggarswereblind;somehadnofeetorarms.Somewereveryoldandseemedlikelostchildrenlookingfortheirmothers.Therewasoneamongthemwhowascalled“theMuteSinger”.Hewasgiventhisnamebecausehecouldnotspeak.Therewasatimewhenhewasabletosing,whileplayinghisguitar.Buthelosthisvoice.Nowheplayedtheguitarandsang,butnosoundscamefromhisthroat.Hislipsjustmovedwiththemusic.TheMuteSingerwasatall,strange­lookingman.Hisfaceandhandswerebrown.Hehadwhitehairandawhitebeard:helookedlikeoneofthewisemenyoureadaboutintheBible.EarlyonemorningIsawtheMuteSingerwashinghimselfattheriver.Hesmiledandtouchedthegroundwithhishand,meaningthatIshouldsitdown.Then,hepointedhisfingerstraightup,totellmethathehadasurpriseforme.Suddenly,heputhishandintothewaterandrubbedtwoofhisfingerstogether,makingastrangesound,exactlylikethesoundofafrog.Hediditmanytimes,andthenhelightlyhitthetopofthewater,sendinglittlewavesacrossthewatertotheotherside.Suddenly,everythingaroundusseemedtobemoving.Icouldnotbelievethatitwasreal.Thousandsoffrogscameracingtowardus,jumping,andswimming...underthewaterandontopofthewater.Ibegantoshakewithexcitement.Thefrogscrowdedaroundus.Icouldseetheirheadsandeyesshowingabovethetopofthewater.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了每年农民们去往朝圣的路上都会遇到一些乞丐，并重点讲述了其中的一位“沉默的歌者”。这位歌者虽然失声，却不丧气，用自己的方式演绎着别样的音乐人生。4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．SomeoftheoldpeasantswereeasytogetlostinGeed­leh.B．ManybeggarsvisitedGeed­lehtoenjoythecoolautumndaysthere.C．ThepeasantswenttoGeed­lehtodonatemoretothebeggars.D．Geed­lehwasafamousholytowninPoland.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“theholytown”和“forGeed­lehwasfamousinPolandasaplacewhereGoddidmiracles”可知，Geed­leh在波兰是一座很有名的圣城。5．Accordingtothepassage,wemayknowthat________．A．theMuteSingerdidn’tloseconfidencebutcontinuedtocreatehisownmusicB．theMuteSingerlosthischildonthewaytoGeed­lehC．theMuteSingerwasatall,handsomemanwithbeautifulvoiceD．theMuteSingerraisedmoneytohelpbeggarsinGeed­lehA解析：推理判断题。根据第二段至第七段的描述可知，“沉默的歌者”并没有因为失去声音而丧失信心，而是继续创造他自己的音乐。6．What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheMuteSinger?A．Suspicious. B．Respectful.C．Pessimistic. D．Understanding.B解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“helookedlikeoneofthewisemenyoureadaboutintheBible”可知，作者对“沉默的歌者”充满了敬意。respectful“恭敬的”。7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheHolyTownGeed­lehB．TheSoundofaFrogC．TheHomeofBeggarsD．TheMuteSingerD解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述“沉默的歌者”的故事，因此D项正确。CThekeytoeffectivecross­culturalmunicationisknowledge.First，itisessentialthatpeopleunderstandthepotentialproblemsofcross­culturalmunication,andmakeaconsciousefforttooveretheseproblems.Second,itisimportanttoassume(假定)thatone’seffortswillnotalwaysbesuccessful,andadjustone’sbehaviorappropriately.Forexample,oneshouldalwaysassumethatthereisagreatpossibilitythatculturaldifferencesarecausingmunicationproblems.Oneshouldrespondslowlyandcarefullyincross­culturalexchanges,notjumpingtotheconclusionthatyouknowwhatisbeingthoughtandsaid.WilliamUry’ssuggestionforheatedconflictsistostop,listen,andthink,orasheputsit“gotothebalcony”whenthesituationgetstense(紧张的).Thishelpsincross­culturalmunicationaswell.Whenthingsseemtobegoingbadly,stoporslowdownandthink.Whatcouldbegoingonhere?IsitpossiblethatImisinterpretedwhattheysaid?Activelisteningcansometimesbeusedtocheckthisout—byrepeatingwhatonethinkshe/sheheard,onecanconfirmthathe/sheunderstandsthemunicationaccurately.Oftenintermediaries(调解人)canbehelpfulincross­culturalmunicationsituations.Theycantranslateboththeessentialmeaningandthemannerofwhatissaid.Forexample,theycantonedownstrongstatementsthatwouldbeconsideredappropriateinoneculturebutnotinanother,beforetheyaregiventopeoplefromaculturethatdoesnottalktogetherinsuchastrongway.Theycanalsoadjustthetimingofwhatissaidanddone.Someculturesmovequicklytothepoint;otherstalkaboutotherthingslongenoughtoestablisharelationshipwiththeotherperson.Ifdiscussionontheprimarytopicbeginstoosoon,thegroupthatneedsa“warmup”firstwillfeelunfortable.Anintermediarywhounderstandsthiscanexplaintheproblem,andmakeappropriateadjustments.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。我们应该如何在跨文化交流中避免因文化差异而带来的误解和矛盾？作者给出以下建议。8．Whatisthemostimportantthingincross­culturalmunication?A．Knowledgeofyourownculture.B．Theabilitytotakeindifferentopinions.C．Awarenessoftheproblemsthatmayarise.D．Successfuleffortstochangeyourbehavior.C解析：细节理解题。由第一段可知，作者认为在跨文化交际中的关键是我们必须对可能出现的因文化不同而产生的沟通障碍有充分的认知。9．Whichcharacterhelpspreventmunicationproblems?A．Patience. B．Honesty.C．Generosity. D．Stubbornness.A解析：推理判断题。由第二段Oneshouldrespondslowlyandcarefully...notjumpingtotheconclusion...可推知，耐心有助于避免因文化差异而导致的沟通问题。10．WhatdoesWilliamUrymeanby“gotothebalcony”？A．Gooutsideandenjoyfreshair.B．Getoutofthesituationtemporarily.C．Exchangepositionswitheachother.D．Dealwiththeconflictsinasecretway.B解析：词义猜测题。由该短语的语境可知，WilliamUry建议在沟通出现问题时到阳台上去，是指暂时摆脱窘境，停下来冷静地思考。11．Tobeanintermediary,oneshould________．A．beanexperiencedtranslatorB．knowbothculturesverywellC．bedirectlyinvolvedinadiscussionD．behaveproperlyallthroughadiscussionB解析：推理判断题。由最后一段可推知，调解人必须熟知双方的文化。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)语法填空Inrecentyears,anewidea1.____________iscalleda“nakedmarriage”hasarisenasthecostoflivinggoesup.IthasbeeanewtrendformanyyoungpeopleinChina.Withasmallmarriagecertificateinhand,theygetmarried.Andforthecouplesina“nakedmarriage”，thiscertificatealsocontainsother2.____________(meaning)．AresidentfromChengdusaid,“Therearemanypeoplelikeusbornin3