苏联解体发生在1991年12月25日

Unit3SectionAMoretheSamethanDifferentPre-readingQuestionsMakealistofthethingsthataforeignvisitorfromEuropeortheUnitedStatesmightfindstrangewhenarrivinginChinaforthefirsttime,andwhatadvicecanyougivetoaforeignerinChina?

PleaseimaginewhatyoumightfindstrangeintheU.S.1(1)somanypeopleeverywhere(2)Crowdedbuses(3)Somuchliquordrinking(4)Somanyfeasts(5)Chinesefood(“Theyeatanythingwithfourlegsexceptatable〞.)

BackgroundinformationSovietUnion:afederationofcommuniststatesineasternEuropeandnorthernandcentralAsiafrom1922until1991.Moscowwasitscapital.ItsofficialnamewastheUnionofSovietSocialistRepublics(USSR).Gorbachev,thelastSovietleader.ConflictoverconstitutionalandeconomicissuesbroughttheSovietUniontothebrinkofcivilwarandprompteditsdisintegrationinto15volatilesuccessorstatesin1991.苏联解体发生在1991年12月25日，由苏联总统戈尔巴乔夫宣布辞职的事件作为标志，为立国七十多年的苏联划上句号。当中的因由兹详列如下：1991年8月19日，苏共中的保守派发动了一场不成功的政变，试图收回下放给加盟共和国的权力，同时终止不成功的经济改革。但是在人民、军队和大多数苏共党员的联合反对下，政变仅仅维持3天便宣告失败。俄罗斯总统叶利钦下令宣布苏共为非法组织，并限制其在苏联境内的活动。在1991年年底，他同白俄罗斯及乌克兰的总统在白俄罗斯的首府明斯克签约，成立独立国家联合体，从建立一个类似英联邦的架构来取代苏联。苏联其他加盟国纷纷响应，离开苏联，苏联在此时已经名存实亡。1991年12月25日，苏联总统戈尔巴乔夫宣布辞职，将国家权力移交给俄罗斯总统。苏联正式灭亡。ComprehensionoftheTextWhatdoesitmeanbymakingacirclewiththethumbandfirstfingerintheSovietUnion?.HowislifeintheUnitedStatescomparedwiththatintheSovietUnion?Whatwasthewomanspeakerinthepassagepreparingfor?Whatisshemainlytalkingabout?WhatkindofsocietyisTheFriendshipForce?Whatisthepurposeoforganizingthesociety,TheFriendshipForce?WhydoesasupperoftenlastlongintheSovietUnion?Whatconclusionshasthewriterdrawninthepassage?1Ithasadirtymeaninginthatcountrythumb2Ingeneral,lifeintheUnitedStatesiseasierandmorecomfortablethanthatintheSovietUnion.Nohotrunningwatertotakeabath(takeashower).Havetoshareabathroomwithothers3.ShewaspreparingtheAmericantravelersfortheirvoyagetotheSovietUnion.4SheismainlytalkingabouttheculturaldifferencesbetweentheSovietUnionandtheUnitedStatesofAmerica.5Itisaninternationalsocietythatworksforworldpeace.Itorganizesexchangesofpeople.6Itistohelppeoplefromallovertheworldbecomefriends.7Becauseitoffersagoodchanceforfamilymemberstositatthetableandtalk.SovietUnion:eveningmealoftenlastsanentirehourormoreAmerica:don’ttaketimeforalongdialog.8Thewriterhasdrawntheconclusionsthatinspiteofthepoliticaldifferencesbetweentheircountries,aswellasthedifferencesinlanguageandculture,theSovietsandAmericansareabletobefriends,andthatpeopleallovertheworldaremorethesamethantheyaredifferent.NailPalmwristthumbthumbalift:askfor(andget)afreerideinamotorvehicle(bysignalingtothedriver);thumbaridethumbthrough:turnthepagesofabookquickly,aslookingforsththumbsdown:usedtoexpressdefeat,dissatisfaction,ordisapproval糟糕,差劲.(源处古罗马搏斗表演,其间要询问观众,被击败的搏斗士应该处死还是生还.观众拇指向下表示处死,向上表示生还.)aruleofthumb:roughpracticalmethodofassessingormeasuringsth.,usubasedonpastexperienceratherthanonexactmeasurement,etc(andthereforenotcompletelyreliableineverycaseorineverydetail)e.g.:Asaruleofthumb,youshouldcookachickenfor20minutesforeachpoundthatweights.beall(fingersand)thumbs:beveryclumsy,espwhenhandingthingsE.g:Iseemtobeallthumbstoday.Preparesb./sth.forsb./sth.getormake(sb/sth)readyIamafraidyou’regoingtohavetoprepareyourselfforashock.ThecoursepreparesyoufortheCET-4.Bepreparedtodosth.:beableandwillingtodosth.Iampreparedtolendyouthemoneyifyoupromisetopayitback.exchangeN.theactofgivingandreceivinginreturnE.g.Therewasanexchangeofstudentsbetweenthetwocountries.V.giveandreceiveinreturnE.g.WherecanIexchangemypoundsfordollars?

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