大学英语四级考试模拟题二

大学英语四级考试模拟2PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicOnaHarmoniousDormitoryLife.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.宿舍生活有时会出现不和谐的情况;2.一个和谐宿舍生活的必要性;3.如何创造和谐的宿舍生活。OnaHarmoniousDormitoryLifePartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.HowtoincreasesalesHowshopscanexploitpeople'sherdmentalitytoincreasesales？

ATRIPtothesupermarketmaynotseemlikeanexerciseinpsychologicalwarfare—butitis.Shopkeepersknowthatfillingastorewiththearomaoffreshlybakedbreadmakespeoplefeelhungryandpersuadesthemtobuymorefoodthantheyhadintended.Stockingthemostexpensiveproductsateyelevelmakesthemsellfasterthancheaperbutlessvisiblecompetitors.Nowresearchersareinvestigatinghow“swarmintelligence”(thatis,howants,beesoranysocialanimal,includinghumans,behaveinacrowd)canbeusedtoinfluencewhatpeoplebuy.AtarecentconferenceonthesimulationofadaptivebehaviourinRome,Zeeshan-ul-hassanUsmani,acomputerscientistfromtheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,describedanewwaytoincreaseimpulsebuyingusingthisphenomenon.Supermarketsalreadyencourageshopperstobuythingstheydidnotrealizetheywanted:forinstance,byplacingeverydayitemssuchasmilkandeggsatthebackofthestore,forcingshopperstowalkpastothertemptinggoodstoreachthem.MrUsmaniandRonaldoMenezes,alsooftheFloridaInstituteofTechnology,setouttoenhancethistendencytobuymorebyplayingontheherdinstinct.Theideaisthat,ifacertainproductisseentobepopular,shoppersarelikelytochooseittoo.Thechallengeistokeepcustomersinformedaboutwhatothersarebuying.

Entersmart-carttechnology.InMrUsmani'ssupermarketeveryproducthasaradiofrequencyidentificationtag,asortofbarcodethatusesradiowavestotransmitinformation,andeverytrolleyhasascannerthatreadsthisinformationandrelaysittoacentralcomputer.Asacustomerwalkspastashelfofgoods,ascreenontheshelftellshimhowmanypeoplecurrentlyintheshophavechosenthatparticularproduct.Ifthenumberishigh,heismorelikelytoselectittoo.

MrUsmani's“swarm-moves”modelappealstosupermarketsbecauseitincreasessaleswithouttheneedtogivepeoplediscounts.Anditgivesshoppersthesatisfactionofknowingthattheyboughtthe“right”product—thatis,theoneeveryoneelsebought.Themodelhasnotyetbeentestedwidelyintherealworld,mainlybecauseradiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyisnewandhasonlybeeninstalledexperimentallyinsomesupermarkets.ButMrUsmanisaysthatbothWal-MartinAmericaandTescoinBritainareinterestedinhiswork,andtestingwillgetunderwayinthespring.

Anotherrecentstudyonthepowerofsocialinfluenceindicatesthatsalescould,indeed,beboostedinthisway.MatthewSalganikofColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkandhiscolleagueshavedescribedcreatinganartificialmusicmarketinwhichsome14,000peopledownloadedpreviouslyunknownsongs.Theresearchersfoundthatwhenpeoplecouldseethesongsrankedbyhowmanytimestheyhadbeendownloaded,theyfollowedthecrowd.Whenthesongswerenotorderedbyrank,butthenumberoftimestheyhadbeendownloadedwasdisplayed,theeffectofsocialinfluencewasstilltherebutwaslesspronounced.Peoplethusfollowtheherdwhenitiseasyforthemtodoso.

InJapanachainofconvenienceshopscalledRanKingRanQueenhasbeenorderingitsproductsaccordingtosalesdatafromdepartmentstoresandresearchcompanies.Theshopssellonlythemostpopularitemsineachproductcategory,andtherankingsareupdatedweekly.Icosystem,acompanyinCambridge,

Andthepsychologythatworksinphysicalstoresisjustaspotentontheinternet.OnlineretailerssuchasAmazonareadeptattellingshopperswhichproductsarepopularwithlike-mindedconsumers.Evenintheprivacyofyourhome,youcanstillbepartoftheswarm.()1.

Inshops,productsshelvedatamorevisiblelevelsellbettereveniftheyaremoreexpensive.()2.

RadiofrequencyidentificationtechnologyhasbeeninstalledexperimentallyinbigsupermarketslikeWal-Mart.()3.

Peopletendtodownloadmoreunknownsongsthansongstheyarefamiliarwith.()4.

Songsrankedhighbythenumberoftimesbeingdownloadedarefavoredbycustomers.()5.

Peoplefollowtheotherstothesameextentwhetheritisconvenientornot.()6.

ItemssoldinsomeJapanesestoresaresimplychosenaccordingtothesalesdataofothershops.()7.Swarmintelligencecanalsobeobservedineverydaylife.8.

AccordingtoMr.Usmani,withtheuseof“swarmintelligence”phenomenon,anewmethodcanbeappliedtoencourage_______________.9.Onthewaytoeverydayitemsatthebackofthestore,shoppersmightbetemptedtobuy_______________.10.

Usingthe“swarm-moves”model,shopownersdonothavetogivecustomers_______________toincreasesales.PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)SectionADirections:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre11.A)Seeadoctor.B)Stayinbedforafewdays.C)Gettreatmentinabetterhospital.D)Makeaphonecalltothedoctor.12.A)The2:00trainwillarriveearlier.B)The2:30trainhasadiningcar.C)Thewomanpreferstotakethe2:30train.D)Theyaregongtohavesomefastfoodonthetrain.13.A)ShehasbeenlongingtoattendHarvardB)She’llconsidertheman’ssuggestioncarefully.C)ShehasfinishedherprojectwithDr.Garcia’shelp.D)She’llconsultDr.Garciaaboutenteringgraduateschool.14.A)Alicedidn’tseemtobenervousduringherspeech.B)Aliceneedsmoretraininginmakingpublicspeeches.C)ThemancanhardlyunderstandandAlice’spresentation.D)Themandidn’tthinkhighlyofAlice’spresentation.15.A)Atapublishinghouse.B)Atabookstore.C)InareadingroomD)InProf.Jordan’soffice16.A)Themancanstayinherbrother’sapartment.B)Herbrothercanhelpthemanfindacheaperhotel.C)Herbrothercanfindanapartmentfortheman.D)Themanshouldhavebookedalessexpensivehotel17.A)Priorityshouldbegiventolistening.B)It’smosthelpfultoreadEnglishnewspaperseveryday.C)It’smoreeffectivetocombinelisteningwithreading.D)Readingshouldcomebeforelistening18.A)Helpthecompanyrecruitgraduatestudents.B)Visittheelectronicscompanynextweek.C)Getapart-timejoboncampusbeforegraduation.D)ApplyforajobintheelectronicscompanyQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhaveheard19.A)Themainspeakerintomorrowconference.

B)Thechairmanofthesessiontomorrowmorning.

C)Oneofthespeakersinclassroomtomorrowmorning.

D)Themaintalkerintheclassroomdiscussiontomorrowmorning.20.A)Abouthispersonalexperienceinlearninglanguage.

B)Abouthispersonalexperienceinlearningforeignlanguages.C)AbouthispersonalexperienceinlearningspokenEnglish.D).AbouthispersonalexperienceinlearningwrittenEnglish.21.A)Itshouldcovereveryaspectofthetopic.

B)Itshouldnotincludeeveryaspectofthetopic.

C)Itshouldhaveasoundlogic.D)Itshouldhavenewideas.Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhaveheard22.A)TotheNileRiver.B)TotheC)ToColorado.D)ToArizona.23.A)TheColoradoRiver.B)TheNileC)TheMississippiRiver.D)TheGreatLakes.24.A)Inaboat.B)Inacave.C)Inariver.D)Inatree.25.A)Findsomedriftfood.B)Takesomephotographs.C)Solveamystery.D)Seethecanyon.SectionBDirections:

Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageonePassageoneQuestions26to28arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.26.A)Monitorstudents’sleeppatterns.B)Helpstudentsconcentrateinclass.C)Recordstudents’weeklyperformance.D)Askstudentstocompleteasleepreport.27.A)Declininghealth.B)Lackofattention.C)Lossofmotivation.D)Improperbehavior.28.A)Theyshouldmakesuretheirchildrenarealwayspunctualforschool.B)Theyshouldensuretheirchildrengrowupinahealthyenvironment.C)Theyshouldhelptheirchildrenaccomplishhigh-qualitywork.D)Theyshouldseetoitthattheirchildrenhaveadequatesleep.PassagePassagetwoQuestions29to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.29.A)Inafast-foodrestaurant.B)Atashoppingcenter.C)Atacountryfair.D)Inabakery.30.A)Avoideatinganyfood.B)Preparetherighttypeofpietoeat.C)Washhishandsthoroughly.D)Practiceeatingapiequickly.31.A)Onthetable.B)Behindhisback.C)Underhisbottom.D)Onhislap.32.A)Lookingsidewaystoseehowfastyourneighboreats.B)Eatingfromtheoutsidetowardthemiddle.C)Swallowingthepiewithwater.D)Holdingthepieintherightposition.PassagePassagethreeQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.33.A)Beauty.B)Loyalty.C)Luck.D)Durability.34.A)Hewantedtofollowthetraditionofhiscountry.B)Hebelievedthatitsymbolizedaneverlastingmarriage.C)Itwasthoughtabloodvesselinthatfingerleddirectlytotheheart.D)Itwassupposedthatthediamondonthatfingerwouldbringgoodluck.35.A)Thetwopeoplecanlearnabouteachother’slikesanddislikes.B)Thetwopeoplecanhavetimetodecideiftheyareagoodmatch.C)Thetwopeoplecanhavetimetoshopfortheirnewhome.D)Thetwopeoplecanearnenoughmoneyfortheirwedding.SectionCDirections:

Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Haveyoueverheardtheoldsaying,"Neverjudgeabookbyitscover?"Thisisagoodruleto(36)______whentryingtojudgetheintelligenceofothers.Somepeoplehavemindsthat(37)______onlyincertainsituations.Ayoungmanwithanunusualgiftin(38)______writingmayfindhimself(39)______inthepresenceofaprettygirl.Hefumblesforwordsandtalksinahalting(40)______.Butdon'tmakethemistakeofthinkinghimstupid.Withapenandpaper,hecanexpresshimself(41)______.Otherpeoplemayfoolyouintooverestimatingtheir(42)byputtingupagoodfront.Astudentwholistensattentivelyandtakesnotesinclassisboundtomakea(43)______impressiononhisteachers.(44)______.Itallboilsdowntothis-youcan'tjudgesomeonebyappearances.(45)______.Thenyoucanobservehowhereactstodifferentsituations.(46)____.Sotakeyourtime.Don'tjudgethebookbyitscover.PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)SectionADirections:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Tencatsinsearchofownerswillspendthenext10daysinaNewYorkstorewindow,theireverymovecaughtoncameraforarealTVshowonwhichtheywill

47

forbestsleeperandmouse-catcher.Theshowisthe

48

ofapetfoodcompanyandwillbeshownoncablechannelAnimalPlanet,aswellasontheWebsitewww.MeowMixHouse.comwhereviewerswillbeaskedtovoteoffonefeline(猫科的)

49

eachday.Kittieswhogetthebootwillbeadoptedinto

50

homes.

MeowMixHouse,

51

byDelMonteFoodsCompany,hopestheshowwill

52catadoption

aswellastheirproducts,whichwillbetheonlythingonthemenu.PasserbytakingaganderthroughaspeciallyrentedstorefrontonMadisonAvenueinmidtownManhattancanwatchthecatslazingaboutaluxuriously

53

cat-sizedhousethatincludessealeddownsofas,beds,afishtank(withfakefish),kitchenandaporch,allputtogetherbyaninteriordesigner.

"It’saDisneyWorldforcats,"saidMeowMix'sRyanReed,inchargeofensuringthecatsarewell-caredforandwell-behaved.

54

fromtheAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimalsarealsoonhandtoattendtotheneedsofthekittystars.

EnjoyingtheirfinaldayofobscurityonMonday,thecatsseemed

55

byattentionfromvisitingmediamostofthecatswereasleepontheset,whichwillbe

56

tothepubliconTuesday.A)unveiled

B)unfazed

C)contestant

D)permanentE)owned

F)promote

G)fantastic

H)volunteersI)temporarily

J)creation

K)demand

L)outfittedM)credit

N)citizens

O)competeSectionBDirections:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageonePassageoneAuctionsarepublicsalesofgoods,conductedbyanofficiallyapprovedauctioneer.Heasksthecrowdassembledintheauction-roomtomakeoffers,or“bids”,forthevariousitemsonsale.Heencouragesbuyerstobidhigherfigures,andfinallynamesthehighestbidderasthebuyerofthegoods.Thisiscalled“knockingdown”thegoods,forthebiddingendswhentheauctioneerstrikesasmallhammeronatableatwhichhestands.TheancientRomanprobablyinventedsalesbyauction,andtheEnglishwordcomesfromtheLatinauction,meaning“increasing”.TheRomansusuallysoldinthiswaythegoodstakeninwar.InEnglandintheeighteenthcenturies,goodswereoftensold“bythecandle”:ashortcandlewaslitbytheauctioneer,andbidscouldbemadewhileitstayedalight.Practicallyallgoodswhosequalitiesvaryaresoldbyauction.Amongthesearecoffee,skins,wool,tea,furs,silkandwines.Auctionsalesarealsousualforlandandproperty.Furniture,pictures,rarebooks,oldchinaandsimilarareworksofart.Anauctionisusuallyadvertisedbeforehandwithfullparticularsofthearticlestobesoldandwhereandwhentheycanbeviewedbypotentialbuyers.Iftheadvertisementcannotgivefulldetails,cataloguesareprinted,andeachgroupofgoodstobesoldtogether,calleda“lot”,isusuallygivenanumber.TheauctioneerneednotbeginwithLot1andcontinueintheorderofnumbers:hemaywaituntilhenoticesthefactthatcertainbuyersareintheroomandthenproducethelotstheyarelikelytobeinterestedin.Theauctioneer’sservicesarepaidforintheformofapercentageofthepricethegoodsaresoldfor.Theauctioneerthereforehasadirectinterestinpushingupthebiddingashighaspossible.Hewillnotwastetimebystartingthebiddingtoolow.Hewillalsoplayontheopponentsamonghisbuyersandsucceedingettingahighpricebyencouragingtwobusinesscompetitorstobidagainsteachother.57.Auctionedgoodaresold____.A)forthehighestpriceofferedB)onlyattiredpricesC)atapricelessthantheirtruevalueD)verycheaply58.TheRomansusedtosellbyauction____.A)spoiltB)oldworn-outweaponsC)propertytakenfromtheenemyD)spears59.Anauctioncataloguegivesprospectivebuyers____.A)thecurrentmarketvaluesofthegoodsB)detailsofinwhichgoodstobesoldD)freeadmissiontotheauctionsale60.Anauctioneerlikestogethighpricesforthegoodshesellsbecause____.A)thedealersarepleasedB)thenheearnsmorehimselfC)theauction-roomsbecomeworld-famousD)itkeepsthecustomersinterested61.A“knock-out”isarranged____.A)tokeepthepriceintheauction-roomlowB)toallowonedealeronlytomakeaprofitC)toincreasetheauctioneer’sprofitD)tohelptheauctioneerPassagePassagetwoTherearevariouswaysinwhichindividualeconomicunitscaninteract(相互作用)withoneanother.Threebasicwaysmaybedescribedasthemarketsystem,theadministeredsystemandthetraditionalsystem.Inamarketsystemindividualeconomicunitsarefreetointeractamongeachotherinthemarketplace.Itispossibletobuycommoditiesfromothereconomicunitsorsellcommoditiestothem.Inamarket,transactionsmaytakeplaceviabarterormoneyexchange.Inabartereconomy,realgoodssuchasautomobiles,andshortsaretradedagainsteachother.Obviously,findingsomebodywhowantstotradeanoldcarinexchangeofasailboatmaynotalwaysbeaneasytask.Hencetheintroductionofmoneyasamediumofexchangeeasestransactionsconsiderably.Analternativetothemarketsystemisadministrativecontrolbysomeagencyoveralltransactions.Thisagencywillissuecommandsastohowmuchofeachgoodsandserviceshouldbeproduced,exchanged,andconsumedbyeacheconomicunit.Centralplanningmaybeonewayofadministeringsuchaneconomy.Thecentralplan,drawnupbythegovernment,showstheamountsofeachcommodityproducedbythevariousfirmsandallocated(分配)todifferenthouseholdsforconsumption.Inatraditionsociety,productionandconsumptionpatternsaregovernedbytradition:everyperson’splacewithintheeconomicsystemisfixedbyparentage,religion,andcustom.Transactionstakeplaceonthebasisoftradition,too.Peoplebelongingtoacertaingroupmayhaveanobligation(义务)tocareforotherpersons,providethemwithfoodandshelter,carefortheirhealth,andprovidefortheireducation.62.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A)TooutlinecontrastingtypesofeconomicsystemsB)Toexplainthescienceofeconomics.C)Toargueforthesuperiorityofoneeconomicsystem.D)Tocomparebarterandmoney-exchangemarkets.63.Inthesecondparagraph,theword“real”in“realgoods”couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?A)highqualityB)concreteC)trueD)complete64.Accordingtothepassage,abartereconomycanleadto________.A)rapidspeedoftransactionsB)misunderstandingsC)inflationD)difficultiesofthetraders65.Accordingtothepassage,whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontrolinanadministeredsystem?A)Individualhouseholds.B)SmallbusinessC)MajorcorporationsD)Thegovernment66.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasacriterionfordeterminingaperson’splaceinatraditionalsociety?A)FamilybackgroundB)AgeC)ReligiousbeliefsD)CustomPartVCloze(15minutes)Directions:

Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Afoodbankisthecenteroffoodcollectionanddistributioninacommunity.Thisfoodusually67fromgrocerystoresormanufacturersthathavethousandsofpoundsoffoodtogive68.Foodbanksoperateintricateandadvancedwarehousingoperations,69foodiscollected,70andre-distributedtothecommunity.Traditionally,afoodbankdoesnotdistributefood71tothosein72.73,foodbanksservean74networkoforganizationsintheir75communities.Theseorganizations