Unit1知识点讲解【考点精研】 牛津译林版英语八年级上册

牛津译林版8AU1知识点讲解Teachingobjectives1.知识目标：学生能够掌握八上U1的单词与句型。2.技能目标：学生能够掌握形容词比较级和最高级用法。3.情感目标：学生能够有意识将知识和考点相结合。Keypoints,Difficultpoints形容词比较级和最高级用法Comic知识点01：something用法【用法详解】1.不定代词（something,anything,everything,somebody等）充当句子主语时，谓语动词用三单。形容词修饰像something这样的不定代词时，要置于不定代词之后。如somethingbeautiful.【典例讲解】Something_______wrongwithmybicycle,soIhavetowalkhome.There’s_______________(没什么有趣的事情)intoday’snewspaper.【答案】is;nothinginteresting.【拓展】some可用在肯定句中，此外，some有时也可以用在疑问句或条件句中，表示请求、建议，并期望得到对方的肯定回答。例：1.Doyouwantsome?2.CanIhavesomethingtodrink,please?3.CanIhavesomemorefoodtoo?知识点02：kind用法【用法详解】1.kindadj.善良的，友好的；短语：bekindto...对...友好2.n.种类短语：akindof一种...allkindsof各种各样的differentkindsof不同种类的...【典例讲解】1.Ithinkrabbitismuch_______(kind)thanthesheepmayor(市长）inthefilmZootopia.2.Youshouldbekind_____theoldbecauseeveryonewillbecomeoldinthefuture.A.toB.forC.asD.at3.Youcanseeall____ofanimalsinthezoo.【答案】kinder；A；kinds知识点03：somemore用法【用法详解】1.somemore再来一些如：somemorefood再来一些食物2.数字+more+名词复数=another+数字+名词复数3.onemore+名词单数=another+名词单数【典例讲解】翻译：再给我两个星期。_________________________/________________________________2.Couldyousay_______aboutit,please?I’dliketoknow_________.A.nothingelse;moreB.anythingelse;mostC.anythingother;moreD.somethingelse;more【答案】1.Pleasegivemetwomoreweeks./Pleasegivemeanothertwoweeks.D.知识点04.maybe和maybe用法【用法详解】1.maybe为副词，常位于句首，相当于perhaps2.maybe意为可能是，由情态动词may和be动词组成。3.Maybe+句子=sb.maydo/be+sth.例：Maybeshecleanthefloorathome.=Shemaycleanthefloorathome.可能她在家扫地。MaybesheisNancy.=ShemaybeNancy.她可能是南希。【典例讲解】1.他们可能在教室里。_______they______intheclassroom.=They_____________intheclassroom.2.他可能在操场踢足球。______he_______footballontheplayground.=He____________footballontheplayground.3.()．—CanIborrowyourbike?—Sorry，mybikeisn’there．_________youcanborrowLily’s．A．maybeB．MaybeC．MayD．Maybe【答案】Maybe;are;may;be;Maybe;plays;may;play;B考点05.honest用法【用法详解】honest虽然以字母h开头，但其发音的第一个音素是元音，因此前面的不定冠词用an。如：anhonestboy.【典例讲解】1.Heisveryh_________,sonobodywantstomakefriendswithhim.2.()What_________honestboy!Andheis_______beststudentofall．A．a；aB．an；theC．a；theD．the；the【答案】honest；B考点06.lie用法【用法详解】1.liev.撒谎现在分词lying过去式lied短语：lietosb2.liev.躺；位于现在分词lying过去式lay3.lien.谎言短语：awhitelie善意的谎言.tell(alie)liestosb.对某人撒谎例：1.Youcantrustthembecausetheynevertelllies.你可以相信他们因为他们从不撒谎。2.Chinaliesintheeastoftheworld.中国位于世界的东方。【典例讲解】He_____tohismathteacheryesterday,andlastnightwhenhe_____onthebedandthougutofthis,hebecamesleepless.A.liedlayB.layliedC.lied,liedD.lay,lay【答案】A考点07.agree用法【用法详解】1.agreev.同意；赞同短语：agreetodosth.同意做某事agreewithsb.同意某人agreeonsth.在某事上同意。【典例讲解】---Sheagreed____________(invite)Lilyasthehostofthemeeting.【答案】toinvite考点08.oneof用法【用法详解】1.oneof…的意思是“……中的一个”，后面跟复数代词或可数名词的复数形式。2.如果可数名词的复数形式前有形容词修饰时，通常要用其最高级形式。3.oneof作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例：Millieisoneofthetallestgirlsinourclass.Millie是我们班最高的女孩之一。【典例讲解】1.Oneoftheplayers_______(be)fromAfrica.2.()Mr.Linisoneof________inourschool.A.goodteachersB.betterteachersC.thebestteachersD.thebetterteachers【答案】is；CReading考点09.bewillingtodo用法【用法详解】含义：乐意做某事=bereadytodosth./begladtodosth./behappytodosth./bepleasedtodosth.例：Areyouwillingtocarrytheheavyboxforme?你愿意为我搬这个重箱子吗？【典例讲解】我们应该乐意帮助有需要的人。We________________helpthepeople_________.【答案】shouldbewillingto;inneed;考点10.voice，sound与noise用法【用法详解】1.voicen.嗓音（可数）2.noisen.噪音（不可数）3.soundn.自然界的声音（可数）例：Shesingsthesonginhighvoice,butIthinkitisnoise.Forme,Ionlylikethesoundofrain.她高声演唱那首歌曲，我却认为是噪音，我只喜欢雨声。【典例讲解】1.Shecalledmeinasoft______;2.Don’tmaketoomuch_______;【答案】voice；noise；考点11.make用法【用法详解】makev.制作，使，让。短语：makesbdosth让某人做某事。例：Hisglassesmakehimlooksmart.他的眼镜让他看起来很精明。【典例讲解】()Iwill________Johnbecausehealwaysmakesme_______whenIamsad．A．vote；happyB．votefor；happyC．vote；happilyD．votefor；unhappy2.Shewasmade______(join)themusicclubwhenshewenttothejuniorhighschool.【答案】B；tojoin;考点12.fit用法【用法详解】1.fit.v.适合，容纳短语：keepfit保持健康2.fitadj.健康的例：Hislegsdonotfitwellunderthedesk.他的腿不能很好的容纳在课桌下。【典例讲解】—_________theshoes________(fit)himwell?—I’mafraidnot．【答案】Do;fit;考点13.past用法【用法详解】pastadv.经过；逝去；从一侧到另一侧；短语：walkpast走过=pass例：Whenhewalkpastourdesks,heoftenknocksourbooksandpensontothefloor.当他走路经过我们的课桌时，他经常把我们的书和笔碰到地板上。【典例讲解】你父亲每天去上班时走过公园吗？Doesyourfather_________theparkwhenhegoestoworkeveryday?【答案】walkpast【拓展】past经过（旁边）over翻越（上方）through贯穿而过（内部）across（表面）穿过短语：knocksthontothefloor把某物撞到地上knockoversth撞翻某物knocksth.off把某物从某处撞掉考点14.say，speak，talk，tell用法【用法详解】区别：tell+内容,talk+对话,speak+语言,say+内容(1)讲故事/撒谎/讲有趣的笑话_____________________________告诉某人某事________________,告诉某人(不)做某事_____________________(2)saysth._____itinEnglish;_______hello/goodbye/sorrytosb;anoteonthetable______...;theradio______...(3)speak+语言;______French/English/Russian;Who_____atthemeeting?打电话用语：Who’s_______,please?Isthat...______?(4)talkto/withsb.talkaboutsth./sb.【典例详解】1.吴老师想和我爸爸谈一谈。MrWuwantstohave_______________withmyDad.2.----Willyouplease_____usastory,MissGao?----OK.ShallI__itinEnglishorinChinese?A.tell;speakB.talk;speakC.tell;sayD.talk;say【答案】tellstories/lies/jokes;tellsbsth;tellsbtodosth;say;say;says;says;Speak;speaks/speaking;speakingatalk/C考点15.worry用法【用法详解】worryvt.使..困扰用法：sthworrysb某事使某人困扰例：Whensomethingworriesme,Icanalwaysgotoher.当有事让我困扰时，我总能够像她求助。【典例讲解】Ifsomething___________(worry)me,I’llgotomybestfriends.【拓展】worryvi.担心，担忧短语：worryabout.....worriedadj.担心的短语：beworriedabout...对...担心【答案】worriesGrammar(1)比较级的一些特殊用法①形容词比较级前可用much,even,far,alittle,alot,agreatdeal,still等修饰。如Helooksmuchbettertoday.他今天看上去好多了。Ifeelalittlemorecomfortablenow.现在我觉得舒服点儿了。②“比较级+and+比较级”结构，意为“越来越……”。如HisspokenEnglishisgettingbetterandbetter.他的英语口语正变得越来越好。Ourhometownisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的家乡正变得越来越漂亮。③“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，意为“越……(就)越……”。Thesooner,thebetter.越快越好。Themorewegettogether,thestrongerwe'llbe.我们越团结就越强大。④表示“几倍…”用“…times+as…as…”如Theirroomisthreetimesasbigasours.他们的房间是我们房间的三倍大⑤表示“两者之间更......的一个”时，用“the+比较级”如Lucyisthetallerofthetwins.(2)形容词最高级的用法三者或三者以上的人或事物比较，其中一个在性质、特征或程度上超过其他几个时，要用最高级,形容词最高级前通常需要加定冠词the（常考）(1)形容词最高级的构成：单音节和部分双音节词在词后加est，部分双音节和多音节词在词前加most。(2)形容词最高级一般是用of/in来说明比较的范围；用“Which/Whois+最高级,A,BorC?”来表示在三者中进行选择。Heisthetallestofthethree.他是三个人中个子最高的。Whichisthebiggest,thesun,theearthorthemoon?太阳、地球和月亮哪个最大?(3)表示“第几最......”时，用“the+序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词如：thesecondlongestriverChangjiangisthelongestriverinChina.(此结构中不加first)(4)常见的一些不规则变化的形容词原级、比较级和最高级的形式原级比较级最高级good,wellbetterbestbad,ill，sickworseworstmany,muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldelder/oldereldest/oldestfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest【当堂反馈】写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级（此节如果出错，需要多次演练）early_____________________slim_____________________bad_____________________far_____________________slow_____________________heavy_____________________tired_____________________fast_____________________clever_____________________polite_____________________handsome_____________________sad_____________________easy_____________________friendly_____________________ill_____________________fine_____________________cute_____________________thin_____________________important_____________________famous_____________________helpful_____________________tidy_____________________interesting_____________________little_____________________often_____________________lucky_____________________noisy_____________________bored_____________________【答案】earlier/earliestslimmer/slimmestworse/worstfarther/farthestslower/slowestheavier/heaviestmoretired/mosttiredfaster/fastestcleverer/cleverestpoliter/politestmorehandsome/mosthandsomesadder/saddesteasier/easiestmorefriendly/mostfriendlyworse/worstfiner/finestcuter/cutestthinner/thinnestmoreimportant/mostimportantmorefamous/mostfamousmorehelpful/mosthelpfultidier/tidiestmoreinteresting/mostinterestingless/least/moreoften/mostoftenluckier/luckiest/nosier/nosiest/morebored/mostboredExercise一、根据题意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Oneofthese（杂志）isnotformiddleschoolstudents.2.Look.Thechildrenaredancingfor(高兴).3.Iwouldliketomakefriendswiththat(诚实)boy4.The（幽默的）writeralwaystellsusfunnyjokes.5.Doesyourmotheraskyoutokeepyourdesk(整洁)?6.Thenewspapersarefullof(lie).7.Boyspleaselearntotakecareof(you).8.Theboxissoheavythatweneedthree(many)students.9.Whodoeshewanttokeep(secret)for?10.Mybrotherisvery(help)tome根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1.Hewantstobea(sing)becausehelikessinging.2.Areyou(will)tohelpthepooranytime?3.Ineverfeel(bore)whenI'mathomealone.4.Thesmallround(glass)makehimlooksmart.5.Bettyisa(help)girl.Everybodyherelikesher.6.Idon’tthinktheletterisforoneofthepopular_______(sing).7.Youwillfindthesebooks_______(help)ifyoureadthemcarefully.8.Nobodywantstoknowthispieceof_______(bored)news.9.Theysingverywellbecauseoftheirsweet_______(voice).10.Shedidn’tgetapresent,soshelooked_______(happy).11.Dohisroundglassesmakehimlook_______(humour).12.Thebabyalways_______(smile)andnevercried.13.Thestudentsusuallyget_______(worry)beforetheexams.14.Tomlikestomakefacesafterclass.Heisso_______(fun).三、单项选择（）1.Herfriendis______honestboy.A.aB.theC./D.an（）2.Lileiwantstobeateacherwhenshe______up.A.isgrowingB.grewC.growD.grows（）3.Thelightison.She______athome.A.maybeB.maybeC.ismayD.may（）4.Whatmakesyouso______today?A.happyB.joyC.happilyD.happiness（）5.Shefoundsomebeautifulclotheswhenshewalked_______theshop.A.passB.passedC.pastD.passing（）6.Wholikesto_______funnyjokesafterclass?A.tellB.speakC.sayD.talk（）7.Mymotheris_______.Shealwayssharesthingswithourneighbours.A.cleverB.interestingC.generousD.humorous（）8.Doyouparentsoftenhelpyou____yourhomework?A.withB.onC.toD.for（）9.I’mgoingtomyuncle’shousetohelpthem______theparty.A.toreadyforB.getreadyforC.togetreadytoD.toreadyto（）10.WhenI______something,Icanaskmyteacherforhelp.A.worryB.worriesC.worryaboutD.worriesabout（）11.I’mnotgoodatEnglish,soI______myEnglish.A.needhelp