2023高考英语二轮专题复习与测试专题强化练八主旨大意题-文章大意类

专题强化练（八）主旨大意题——文章大意类A（2022·南通高三第一次调研测试）Ariseininterestincrafting（手工艺），coupledwithagreaterawarenessoftheenvironmentunderlockdown，hasledtoanincreaseininterestinfuroshiki—theJapaneseartoffabricwrapping—thisyear.FuroshikiistraditionalJapaneseclothusedtotransportfood，clothesorgifts.Itisincreasinglybeingacceptedbyshoppersasanalternativetopaper.Theclothiseasytouse：giftsareplacedinthecentreofthefabric，whichisthentucked（卷起）aroundtheobjectandfastenedwithaknot（结）.Becausefabricissomuchmoremalleable（可塑的）thanwrappingpaper，itcanbeusedtomakeeventhemostawkwardshapedgiftslookprofessionallywrapped.TheCOVID­19pandemic（大流行病）hasbroughttheenvironmentintoanewfocusforpeople，causingpeopletomakemoreenvironmentallyconsciousdecisionsaroundwhattheybuy.Partoftheappealoffabricwrappingisthatitisapresentitself.Thereceivernotonlycanenjoyabeautifullywrappedgiftbutcanthenreusetheclothtogiveagiftoftheirown.Somecustomersusetheirclothwithinfamilyorfriendshipcircles，sothatiteventuallymakesitswaybacktothem.There'scertainmagicandtraditioninpassingitfrompersontoperson.Thenthere'stherisinginterestincraft.Fabricwrappingisoftenhandmade.Comparedtostandardwrappingpaper，fabricwrappingoffersmorechancestoexperimentwithdifferentfoldingtechniquesandthewayitlendsitselftobotanicaldecoration.Thereisahugeappetiteforpeoplewantingtolearnnewcraftskillsandperhapscreatetheirowngiftsforfriendsandfamily.ThepracticeofusingfuroshikibecamewidespreadduringJapan'sEdoperiod（1603—1868），whenpeoplebundled（捆起来）theirclothesinfabricwhilevisitingpublicbaths.ThecustomwasgenerallythepreserveofolderpeopleinJapan，butyoungergenerationsaretakingitonboardasaresultofthepandemic.Theyhavestartedtoreconsidertheirwaysoflife.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。由于新冠肺炎疫情，人们意识到环保的重要意义；日本环保包装织物“furoshiki”应运而生。该织物可以循环使用，越来越受人们的青睐。1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribefuroshiki？A.Sustainable. B.Wasteful.C.Complextoknot. D.Awkwardtocarry.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Thereceivernotonlycan...giftoftheirown”可知，收礼人不仅可以欣赏到包装精美的礼物，还可以再利用这些布料来送自己的礼物。据此可以推知，环保包装织物“furoshiki”是可以循环使用的，即是可持续的环保物品。答案：A2.Whatistheadvantageoffuroshikioverstandardwrappingpaper？A.Ithaslesshumantouch.B.Itimprovesgardeningskills.C.Itstimulatestheappetiteforfood.D.Itoffersmorespaceforcreativity.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Becausefabricfessionallywrapped”可知，环保包装织物“furoshiki”比包装纸的韧性强，可以让形状难看的礼物看起来包装得也很专业。据此可知，该包装材料与普通的包装纸相比可提供更多的创造空间。答案：D3.Whydoesfuroshikibegintobeacceptedbyyoungerpeople？A.Ithasalongfamilytradition.B.Thepandemicpromotesagreenrethink.C.Publicbathsaregainingpopularity.D.It'stheirturntopreservethecustom.解析：细节理解题。根据尾段最后两句“Thecustomwas...theirwaysoflife”可知，由于新冠肺炎疫情的影响，年轻一代也开始加入进来。他们已开始重新考虑他们的生活方式，对环保问题进行反思，故他们开始接受这种包装。答案：B4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A.Thehistoryoffuroshiki.B.Thebenefitsoffuroshiki.C.Waystowrapagiftwithfuroshiki.D.Reasonsforagrowinginterestinfuroshiki.解析：文章大意题。通读全文可知，文章第一段“Ariseininterest...offabricwrapping—thisyear”点出了全文主旨，又结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了日本环保包装织物“furoshiki”深受欢迎，并逐渐被年轻人接受的原因：新冠肺炎疫情让人们意识到了环保的重要意义，且这种包装织物可循环使用，是绿色环保物品。答案：DB（2022·南京第一学期六校联合体调研试题）Emerson，my11­year­olddaughter，isonawildridewiththeUnitedStatesPostalService（USPS）andourmailcarrier，Doug.Shehasaseriousletter­writinghabitandmaintainscorrespondencewithherfavouritepeople.Ifyou'vebeenthereceiverofherhand­decoratedlettersandenvelopes，thenIknowtheyreallymakeyourday.AletterfromEmersonislikelytoincludesomeart，ajokeandenoughquestionstoguaranteearesponse.ButwhenshewrotealettertoDoug，sheputsomethingnewinit.“Youmayknowmeasthepersonlivingherethatwriteslotsofletters...You'reveryimportanttome，helpingmestayintouchwithfriends.Icheerpeopleupwithmyletters，andyoudothattoo！”，Emersonwrote.Thenextday，apackagearrivedwithtwoletters.OnewasfromDougandtheotherfromhissuperior，Sara，sayingshehadsharedEmerson'sletterintheinternalnewsletter（内部通讯）oftheUSPSandbelievedmanypostalfolkswantedtothankEmerson.Emersonwassopleasedwiththeletterthatitperturbedmemuch，forthepossibleresultofnoreplywouldcomeasablowtoher.Surprisingly，today，wesawDougcomewithtwoboxesoflettersfromaroundthecountry.Theselettersweresohuman，filledwithstoriesaboutfamily，petsandasenseofkindness.Buttherewassomethingmoreinthem.Peoplefeltseen—someforthefirsttimeinalongtime.“Iworkaloneinasmallruralpostoffice...”“Notmanypeoplethinkabouthowhardwework...”Emersonwrotebackseriously.I'msharingthisnotbecauseI'maprouddad，butbecauseit'srelativelyeasy，ifwetakethetime，togiveotherslinkstheyneedtobegood.Weallwanttobeseen，knownandloved.Sendaletter.Giveacall.Takeastepofbravery，likeEmerson.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。女儿Emerson喜欢给她喜欢的人们写信。有一次，她写信给邮递员Doug表达了她的感谢，Doug的上司在美国邮政的内部通讯中分享了Emerson的信，没想到Emerson收到了来自全国各地邮政人员的来信。Emerson认真地给他们一一回信……5.WhydidEmersonwriteDougaletter？A.Tomakefriendswithhim.B.Toexpressherappreciation.C.Tocheerhimup.D.Toshareherdailylife.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Youmayknowme...intouchwithfriends”可知，Emerson写信是为了感谢Doug帮助她和朋友保持联系。答案：B6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perturbed”inParagraph3probablymean？A.Touched. B.Astonished.C.Delighted. D.Concerned.解析：词句猜测题。根据该句中的“forthepossibleresultofnoreplywouldcomeasablowtoher”可知，这封信很可能没有回信，这对她来说是一个打击；再结合语境可知，“我”很担心这种情况的发生。故画线词意为“使焦虑；使不安”。答案：D7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeEmerson？A.Courageousandgenerous.B.Energeticandambitious.C.Caringandgrateful.D.Capableandhumourous.解析：推理判断题。第二段提到Emerson给邮递员写信，再结合信的内容“Youmayknowme...intouchwithfriends”可知，Emersn写信感谢Doug帮助她和朋友们保持联系，据此可以推知，她有感恩之心，并能关爱别人。答案：C8.What'sthemainideaofthepassage？A.Peopleshouldconnectwithothersactively.B.Peopleshouldcaremoreaboutmailcarriers.C.Peopleshouldfacechallengeswithbravery.D.Peopleshouldshowkindnesstootherpeople.解析：文章大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过讲述“我”的女儿给邮递员写信表达感谢，从而得到来自全国各地的邮递员回信的故事，说明了我们每个人都想被看见、被知道和被爱。作者最后呼吁大家像Emerson一样踏出勇敢的一步，主动与他人建立良好关系。答案：ACParkerStewart，a16­year­oldstudentfromSayreSchoolinAmerica，decidedlastyearthathewantedtostudytheenvironmentbyhimselftohaveabroadinfluenceonthecommunity.Inordertoreducethecarbonfootprint，Stewartplannedtoproduceenoughsolarenergytopowertheschool'ssciencelabs.Nowhisplanissettohappen.Tofix30solarpanels（太阳能电池板）isscheduledforlateNovember.Ashebeganhisresearchonsolarenergy，hediscoveredausefulphoneapp.Byenteringanaddress，hecouldfindouthowmuchsunlightthelocationreceiveseachday.Basedonhowmuchsunlightitreceives，hefoundthathisschoolbuildingwasthebestlocation.Atthesuggestionofhisscienceteacher，DebbieWheeler，hefirstperformedanenergycalculationofthesciencelabtoseehowmuchenergyatypicallabusesperday.Then，hestartedhisresearch，contactingalocalcompanyofsolarpanels，SynergyHome，todothejob.Helackedmoneyforstartingtheproject，soheconvincedSayre'sheadtosupporthimafterexplainingthebenefitsofsolarpowerfortheschoolandcommunity.SinceSayreprovidedtheinitialseedmoneytoprovideinfrastructure（基础设施）andthepurchaseofonepanel，theprojecthasgrowntoincludeatotalof30panels.Theyareexpectedtoproduceenoughenergytorunallthesciencelabsoncampus.“ItfeelslikeadreamtothinkthatanideaIhadfrommyAPEnvironmentalclasswouldhavethiskindofinfluence，”saidStewart，expressinggratitudeforWheeler'shelp.WheelersaidthesuccessoftheprojectwasduetoStewart'seffortsandwillingnesstofollowthroughontheprojectfromstarttofinish.“I'vehadotherstudentstalkaboutenvironmentalinitiatives（倡议）oncampus，butStewarthadthepersistenceandcouragetomakeithappen，”shesaid.StewartsaidthathewouldeventuallyliketostudyenvironmentalengineeringatStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了美国Sayre学校16岁的学生ParkerStewart为了减少碳足迹，在学校的资助下联系太阳能电池板公司SynergyHome安装太阳能电池板，给学校的科学实验室供电的故事。9.WhatdidStewartdowiththehelpofthephoneapp？A.Hebeganhisresearchonsolarenergy.B.Hefoundaperfectsiteforhisproject.C.Hedidanenergycalculationofthesciencelab