2021年西安市财政会计学校高三英语期中试题及答案解析

2021年西安市财政会计学校高三英语期中试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AMembershipCardFightingFitisamembers-onlyclub.Whenyoufirstjoin,wegiveyouacomputerizedcard.Ithasyourname,photoandmembershipnumberon.Pleasehaveyourcardwithyoueverytimeyouusetheclub.Thecardisforyouruseonly,andthereisasmallchargetoprovideanewoneifyouloseit.Membersarepermittedtobringgueststousethefacilitiesattheclub.Avisitingguestfeeischargedforeachguest.FitnessProgramsYourFitnessProgramincludesameetingwithoneofourskilledinstructors.Thiswillhappentwoorthreeweeksafteryouhavejoined.Theinstructorlooksatyourhealth,yourcurrentneedsandthewayyoulive,andorganizesaprogramsuitableforyou.GymnasiumOurgymnasiumsarethemostmodemintheareaandhavehighqualityexerciseequipment.Forsafetyreasons,youmustwearsportswearandtrainerswhileexercising,andpleaseremembertotakeasmalltoweltoo.Itisoneofourrulesthatyouwipetheequipmentafteruse.Thereisnolimittohowlongyouspendinthegymnasiums,butweaskyoutorespectothermembersbyonlyspending20minutesoneachpieceofequipment.Thereareexperiencedstaffhelpingyouinthegymnasiumsatanytime.LockerRoomsWehavelargemaleandfemalelockerrooms.Pleaseensurethatyourpropertyiskeptinyourlockeratalltimes.AnybelongingswhicharefoundinalockerovernightwillberemovedandtakentoLostProperty.CafeTheCafeoffersfreetea,coffeeandsoftdrinks.SuggestionBoxMembers'suggestionsarealwayswelcome,andthesuggestionboxandformscanbefoundatreception.Wetrytorespondwithintwodays.1.WhatdoestheFightingFitHealthClubprovideforitsmembers?A.Apersonalizedprogramontheirfirstvisit.B.Asecondmembershipcardforfree.C.Helpfromthestaffallthetime.D.Certainkindsofclothesandtowels.2.AttheFightingFitHealthClub,youcan_.A.shareyourmembershipcardB.havefreedrinksintheCafeC.leavepersonalitemsinthelockerfor24hoursD.spendaslongasyoulikeonallequipment3.Whereistheinformationmostprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport.B.Anoticeboard.C.Aguidebook.D.Areferencebook.BTheherdofelephantsmovingnorthafterleavingtheXishuangbannaNationalNatureReserveinYunnanprovincehasdrawnwidespreadpublicattention,withtensofmillionsofpeoplefollowingitsmovementonTVprogramsandsocialmediaplatforms.Butthisisnotbecauseit’sthefirsttimewildAsianElephantshavewanderedawayfromtheirhabitatandheadednorthward,butforonlythistimetheherdhastraveledmorethan400kilometersasfarasKunming.Photographs,videosandstoriesoftheherd’smovementhavesparkedwidespreaddiscussionsevenoverseas.However,thereisaneedtogobehindthe“cutephotos”andtheseemingly“fantastic”eventandidentifythereasonswhywildelephantsareleavingtheirhabitat,andfindwaystoestablishharmonioushuman-animalrelationshipwithinhabitatsandthesurroundingforestsandhumansettlements.ItisimportanttoscientificallymarkthelimitsofthehabitatsforelephantsandotheranimalsinXishuangbannaandelsewhereinthecountryforecologicalreasonsaswell.Plantingtreesisakeyandfundamentalsteptowardrestorationofnature.Yetlong-terminvestmentandamorescientificapproachareneededtomaintaintheremainingforestsaswellastoextendtheforestcoverandstrengthenconservation.Nevertheless,treecoveralonedoesn’tmeanasuitablehabitatforallanimals,fordifferentspeciesneeddifferenttypesofvegetationtosurviveandbreed.TheelephantherdinYunnanisareminderthatwehavetoscientificallyconservetheexistingforestsandturnthemintosuitablehabitatsfordifferentspeciesofanimalsandbirds,whichwillultimatelybenefithumans.Moreambitioustargetsshouldbesettorebuildorimprovethefoodchain,andmeasurestakentoensureforestresourceshelpwildlifeflourish,inordertoestablishaharmonioushuman-animalrelationship.Forestsaroundtheglobearestillshrinking,particularlythoseintropicalanddevelopingcountries.Thenextdecadethereforewillbeextremelyimportantfortheworld’sforestsandwildlife,andChinacanplayaleadingroleinsavingthembybetterprotectingitsforestsandexpandingitsforestcover.4.Whyhastheherdofelephantscausedsomuchpublicinterest?A.Thereexistheateddiscussionsinthewholecountryevenoverseas.B.TVprogramsandsocialmediaplatformswanttobenefitfromthem.C.TheyarethefirstwildAsianElephantstoleavetheirnaturalhabitat.D.Theelephantshastraveledalongdistanceandlivedinharmonywithhumans.5.Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraphaboutthe“fantastic”event?A.Moreresearchonthereasonsbehindtheeventisrequired.B.Scientistsneedtolimitthehabitatsforelephantsandotheranimals.C.Peopleshouldfindwaystohaveagoodrelationshipwithelephants.D.There’sanurgentdemandfordetailedinformationabouttheelephants.6.Whichmethodisprovidedinthepassagetorestorenature?A.Expandingthecoverageofforest.B.Gettingthegovernment’spolicysupport.C.Bringingupvariouswaystoprotecttheforests.D.Offeringmorekindsofvegetationtoallanimals.7.Whatdoesthiseventofelephantsleavingtheirhabitatsremindustodo?A.Tosetmoregoalstochangethefoodchain.B.Tobeawareofthesituationoftheexistingforests.C.Torealizeharmoniouscoexistenceofhumanandnature.D.Toreducethedestructionoftheforestsaroundtheglobe.CParentsandmathteachersregularlyaskedbytheirschool-agedchargeswhethermathmattersinreallifenowhaveananswer.InastudypublishedbytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchthisweek,HarvardKennedySchoolPolicyProfessorJoshuaGoodmantookalookatwhathappenedtostudentswhosehighschoolswererequiredinthe1980stoincreasetheminimumlevelofcourseworkrequiredtograduate.Whathefoundisthatthestudentsweremorelikelytoincreasethenumberofmathcoursestheytookasaresultofthechangeinstandardsandthattranslatedintohigherearningsdowntheline.Putsimply:About15yearsaftertheygraduated,thehighschoolgraduateswhowenttoschoolwhenthesechangestookeffectsawtheiraverageearningsincreaseabout10%foreveryextrayearofmathcoursework.Thefindingsmayaddfueltothesteadydrumofeducationexperts,policymakersandotherscallingforanincreasedfocusonscienceandmatheducation.Theincreaseinrequiredmathcoursesdidn’tnecessarilyproducerocketscientists,Goodmannotes,becausetheextracourseworkwasn’tataparticularlyhighlevel.Butbecomingfamiliarwithandpracticinglybasicmathskillsallowedhighschoolgraduatestopursueandexcelatjobsthatrequiredsomelevelofcomputationalknowledge,hesaid.Goodmanacknowledgedthattheearningsboostforthestudentsconnectedwiththeuptick（上升）inmatheducationmaybedependentonthestateoftheeconomy.WhenGoodmancheckedinthelate1990sandearly2000sontheearningsofthestudentswhograduatedinthelate1985，hefoundthattheirearningsincreasedsignificantlyiftheytookmoremath.8.WhatdoesJoshuaGoodman’sstudyfind?A.Highschoolgraduatesearnmore.B.Highschoolstudentsprefermath.C.Mathmattersalotinone’sincome.D.Mathisacompulsorycourseinschool.9.Whyisincreaseinrequiredmathcoursesuseful?A.Itproducedrocketscientists.B.Itmakeshighschoolstudentssmarter.C.Itmeetstherequirementsofthegovernment.D.Itenableshighschoolgraduatestogetbetterjobs.10.Whatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Togiveawarningtopolicymakers.B.Toseekhelpforhighschoolstudents’problems.C.Toshowthegreatimportanceoflearningmath.D.Totellastrugglinghistoryofhighschoolstudents.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EffortsmattermostB.MathmakesmoneyC.EarningsofdifferentgraduatesD.ChangesofhighschoolcoursesDSam,IsaytomyselfasIstartacrossthebridge,youmuststopthesethoughtsandstartthinkingaboutwhattodonowthatyouhavelostyourfalcon,Frightful.Life,myfriendBandooncesaid,ismeetingproblemsandsolvingthemwhetheryouareanamoebaoraspacetraveller.Ihaveaproblem.IhavetoprovidemyyoungersisterAliceandmyselfwithmeat.Fish,nuts,andvegetablesaregoodandnecessary,buttheydon'tprovideenoughfuelforthehardphysicalworkwedo.Althoughwehavevenisonnow,Ican'talwayscountongettingit.Sofarthisyear,ourvenisonhasbeenonlyroadkillfrominfrontofMrsStrawberry'sfarm.Idecidetotakethelongestwayhome,downthefloodplainoftheWestBranchofDelawaretoSpillkill,myownnameforafaststreamthatcascadesdownthesouthfaceofthemountainrangeI'mon.Ineedtimetothink.PerhapsAliceandIshouldbeliketheearlyEskimos.Weshouldwalk,campandhunt,andwhentheseasonschange,walkontonewfoodsources.ButIlovemytreeandmymountaintop.Anothersolutionwouldbetobecomefarmers,likethepeopleoftheIroquoisConfederacywhooncelivedhere.Theysettledinvillagesandplantedcormandsquash,bushbeansandberries.Wealreadygrowgroundnutsinthedampsoilandsquashinthepoorland.ButtheIroquoisalsohuntedgame.Ican'tdothatanymore.I'mbackwhereIstartedfrom.SlowlyIclimbtheSpillkill.AsIhopfromrocktorockbeneathshadybasswoodsandhemlocks,Ihearthecryofthered-tailedhawkwhonestsonthemountaincrest.IamremindedofFrightfulandmyheartaches.Icanalmosthearhercallmyname,Cree,Cree,Cree,Car-ree.MaybeIcangetherbackifIbegthemanwhoisinchargeoftheperegrinesattheuniversity.“Butit'sthelaw,”hewouldsay.IcouldwritetothepresidentoftheUnitedStatesandaskhimtomakeanexceptionofAliceandme.Thatwon'twork.ThepresidentsworetoupholdtheConstitutionandlawsoftheUnitedStateswhenhetookoffice.Iclimbon.Imuststopthinkingabouttheimpossibleandsolvetheproblemofwhattodonow.Imustfindanewwaytoprovideforus.Frightfulisgoingtobeingoodhandsattheuniversity,andshewillhaveyoung.IsmileatthethoughtoflittleFrightfulsandliftmyreluctantfeet.WhenIamfarabovetheriver,Itakeoffmyclothesandmoccasinsandbatheinadeep,clearpooluntilIamrefreshedandthinkingmoreclearly.Climbingupthebank,Idressandsitdown.Ibreathedeeplyofthemountainairandtrytosolvemyproblemmorerealistically.12.Whatdoesthisexcerptmaindescribe?A.Delicatementalactivities.B.Uniquestoryenvironment.C.Everchangingstoryevents.D.Complicatedcharacterrelationship.13.WhatisSam'sfirstworry?A.HowtogetbackquicklyB.Howtogetenoughvenison.C.HowtoensurethesafetyofFrightful.D.HowtoprovidemeatforAliceandhimself.14.WhatdoweknowaboutFrightful?A.HeleftSamandAliceduetolackoffood.B.HehelpedSamhuntbeforebeingtakenaway.C.Heislivingwiththered-tailedhawkhappily.D.Hehasgivenbirthtobabiesintheuniversity.15.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSam?A.Humorous.B.Aggressive.C.Responsible.D.Unrealistic.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Agoodnight’ssleepisoneofthebestthingsforyourhealth.Thefollowingstepsmighthelpyouenjoyagoodsleep.Createanightlyroutine(惯例).___16___Itcouldbeassimpleaswashingyourfaceorbrushingyourteeth.Asyoubegintomoveintoyour“nightlyroutine”,yourmindwillknowthatit’stimetosleep.Learnyourbodyclock.Someexpertsbelievesleepinesscomesincycles(周期性地).Ifyouknowthecyclesinyourbodyclock,youcanusethemtoyouradvantage.____17____Ifnot,itmightbealongtimebeforeyou’rereadyforsleepagain.___18___Putyourclockunderyourbedoronthebottomshelfofyourbedsidecabinet(床头柜),whereitslightwon’tdisturb（干扰）you.Thatway,ifyouwakeupinthemiddleofthenight,orhaveproblemsinsleeping,youwon’tworryabouthowlateitisandhowmuchsleepyou’remissing.Paintyourbedroomarelaxingcolor1First,takeanyunnecessarythingsawayfromyourbedroom---theystandinthewayofagoodnight’ssleep.____19____It’sareminderofsleep.ChoosetherightpillowOnestudyfoundthatneckpillowscanactuallyimprovethequalityofyoursleepaswellasreduceneckpain.____20____Itshouldprovidenecksupportandbewashable.A.Hideyourclock.B.ChangeyourhabitC.Youprobablycan’tfallasleepveryeasilyD.Whensleepinesscomes,gettobedintime.E.Thenpaintyourroomarelaxingcolor1,likegreen.F.Thebestneckpillowshouldbesoftandnottoohigh.G.Thisissomethingyoudoeverynightbeforegoingtobed.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthemowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctivelydislikeworkandwilldoanythingto___21___it.Thereforemostpeoplemustbeforcedwiththethreatofpunishmenttoworktowardsorganisationalobjectives.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthe___22___tofindsatisfactioninwork.Bothofthemarestillreferredtocommonlyinthefieldofmanagementandmotivation,andwhilstmorerecentstudieshavequestionedtherigidity(僵化）ofthemodel.Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe___23___,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,___24___,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfromabovewithout___25___.This,ofcourse,makesforautocratic(专制的)managers.Differentcultureshavedifferentwaysofmanagingpeople.Unlike___26___management,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,arewellknownfortheconsultative___27___ofdecision-making—allmembersofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto___28___tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopinion.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral___29___.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional___30___managerscannot.Arecenttrendhasbeento___31___employeestousetheirowninitiative,tomakedecisionsontheirownwithoutaskingmanagersfirst.Thisempowerment(授权)hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:___32___thenumberofmanagementlayersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe___33___withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakestheideaofdelegation(委托)muchfurtherthanhas___34___beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto___35___thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecomemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,___36___less.Anothertrendisoff-siteor___37___management,whereteamsofpeople___38___bye-mailandtheInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagers___39___theperformanceoftheteammembers___40___whattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.21.A.neglectB.avoidC.overwhelmD.emphasize22.A.potentialB.privilegeC.principleD.perseverance23.A.contraryB.measureC.extentD.extreme24.A.viceversaB.bycoincidenceC.forinstanceD.orelse25.A.procedureB.consultationC.submissionD.regulation26.A.irreplaceableB.ridiculousC.democraticD.authoritarian27.A.domainB.natureC.quantityD.alternative28.A.sacrificeB.subscribeC.contributeD.cater29.A.approvalB.objectionC.electionD.practice30.A.aggressiveB.superiorC.experiencedD.male31.A.infuseB.persuadeC.urgeD.expose32.A.estimatingB.reducingC.attainingD.zooming33.A.leftB.surroundedC.floodedD.satisfied34.A.tremendouslyB.thoroughlyC.ultimatelyD.conventionally35.A.assumeB.claimC.guaranteeD.abolish36.A.apartfromB.otherthanC.ratherthanD.owingto37.A.visualB.virtualC.inadequatelyD.occasionally38.A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure39.A.visualB.virtualC.ineffectiveD.available40.A.intermsofB.forthesakeofC.comparedtoD.inspiteof第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Forcenturies,peopledreamedaboutleavingEarthandtravellingtootherworlds.Then,in1957,theSovietUnion___41.___（make）thefirstsmallstepintospace___42.___sendingupasmallsatellitecalledSputnik.Earlyspaceactivitieswereconducted___43.___（main）bytheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnion.Butastimewentby,EuropeandJapanalsolearnedhowtobuild___44.___（they）ownsatellitesandrockets.Today,countriessuchasChina,India,SouthKorea,IsraelandBrazilarealsodevelopingspaceindustries.Duringthelast60years,unmannedprobes（探测器）havebeensenttowardsmanyoftheplanets___45.___（exist）intheSolarSystem.Manyspaceobservatories,suchastheHubbleSpaceTelescope,havebeencreatedtolookatthe___46.___（distance）universe.Theyhavesentbacksomeamazingpicturestakeninvisible（可见的）light.Andtheycanalsoobservestarsthatareinvisibletohumaneyes.Thefloodof___47.___（discovery）haschangedthewaywelookattheuniverse.Morethan500peoplehaveflowninspacesinceYuriGagarinpavedthewayin1961.20peoplehavetravelledtothemoon,12of___48.___havewalkedonthemoon.Sofar,spacestations___49.___（build）,andast