洛阳市2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷含解析_第1页
洛阳市2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷含解析_第2页
洛阳市2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷含解析_第3页
洛阳市2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷含解析_第4页
洛阳市2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷含解析_第5页
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洛阳市2023年考研《英语一》考前冲刺预测试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Forlong,alittleboywaswonderingwhyhisdeskmatecouldrank1stintheclasswheneverhewantedto,whilehehimselffailedto:heonlyranked21st.Athome,heaskedhisMom,“Mom,amImore1thanothers?IfeelIamobedientandascarefulashim,but2Ialwaysfallbehind?”Hearingthewords,Momwasawarethathersonbeganto3thesenseofself-respect,whichwasnowbeinginjuredbytherankingsystem.4athim,shewentwordless,notknowing5toexplain.Inanothertest,thesonranked17th,whilehisdeskmateremained1st.Backhomehe6thesamequestion.Momreallywantedtoinformhissonthat7differs,whichmeansthatstudentsranking1staresupposedtobeclevererthannormalones.8,wasthisdiscouraginganswertheonethathersonwasconstantly9about?Thankgoodnessshedidnotopenhermouth.Howtoanswerherson’squestion?Thereweretimeswhenshefeltanurgetosay,“Youaretoolazy.Youarenotashard-workingasothers…”butshestopped10imagininghersonsufferingfromthepainsofunsatisfiedgradesandrankings.Shethoughtit11toputanyadditionalburdenonhissonandwastryingtofindoutaperfectanswer.Timepassingswiftly,theson12primaryschool.Despitestudyingharderandbetter,hewasstillunabletokeepupwithhisdeskmate.Toshowherprideofhim,Momdecidedto13himtothesea.Duringthetrip,shemanagedtogiveananswer.Now,thesonnolongerworriesabouthis14,andtherearenoboringguyswhowouldinquirehisgradesinprimaryschool,because,15the1stranking,heisadmittedtoTsinghuaUniversity.Backhomeinwintervacation,hewasinvitedto16thestudentsandparentsinhishighschool,Inthespeech,hementionedavaluableexperienceinhischildhood,“…WhenmymotherandIwerelyingonthe17,shepointedtothefrontandsaid,“Doyouseetheseabirdsstrugglingforfoodoverthere?Whenthewavescomenear,littlebirdscanrise18whileawkwardseagullswouldtakemoretimetocompletetheprocess.However,haveyounoticedbirdsthatfinallyfly19theendlessoceanarenoneotherthantheawkwardseagulls?”Thespeech20manymotherspresenttotears,includinghismother.1、A.considerate B.careless C.stupid D.clever2、A.whatif B.howcome C.howabout D.whatfor3、A.lose B.have C.win D.beat4、A.Shouting B.Glaring C.Staring D.Pointing5、A.which B.why C.when D.how6、A.raised B.met C.answered D.got7、A.intelligence B.right C.knowledge D.strength8、A.Therefore B.Still C.Thus D.However9、A.enthusiastic B.curious C.crazy D.clear10、A.if B.before C.unless D.when11、A.cruel B.important C.disappointed D.necessary12、A.attended B.started C.finished D.entered13、A.guide B.take C.bring D.push14、A.homework B.belongings C.health D.rankings15、A.in B.by C.with D.on16、A.teach B.deliver C.address D.face17、A.floor B.road C.bank D.beach18、A.quickly B.suddenly C.slowly D.sharply19、A.into B.through C.across D.throughout20、A.made B.moved C.impressed D.inspiredSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Someofthegreatestmomentsinhumanhistorywerefueledbyemotionalintelligence.WhenMartinLutherKing.Jr.presentedhisdream,hechoselanguagethatwouldstirtheheartsofhisaudience.Deliveringthiselectrifying(震撼性的)messagerequiredemotionalintelligence—theabilitytorecognize,understand,andmanageemotions.Emotionalintelligencehasbeenhighlyrecommendedbyleaders,policymakers,andeducatorsasthesolutiontoawiderangeofsocialproblems.Ifwecanteachourchildrentomanageemotions,theargumentgoes,we'llhavelessbullyingandmorecooperation.Ifwecancultivateemotionalintelligenceamongleadersanddoctors,we'llhavemorecaringworkplacesandmorecompassionatehealthcare.Emotionalintelligenceisimportant,buttheuncontrolledenthusiasmhasobscured(掩盖)adarkside.Newevidenceshowsthatwhenpeoplesharpentheiremotionalskills,theybecomebetteratmanipulating(把持)others.Whenyou'regoodatcontrollingyourownemotions,youcanhideyourtruefeelings.Whenyouknowwhatothersarefeeling,youcanmotivatethemtoactagainsttheirownbestinterests.Socialscientistshavebeguntodocumentthisdarksideofemotionalintelligence.InaresearchledbyUniversityofprofessorJochenMenges,whenaleadergaveaninspiringspeechfilledwithemotion.theaudiencewaslesslikelytoscrutinize(细察)themessageandrememberedofthecontent.Ironically(讽刺的是)audiencemembersweresomovedbythespeechthattheyclaimedtorecallmoreofit.Theauthorscallthistheawestruckeffect,butitmightjustaseasilybedescribedasthedumbstruckeffect.OneobserverreflectedthatHitler'spersuasiveimpactcamefromhisabilitytostrategicallyexpressemotions—hewould"earopenhisheart—andtheseemotionsaffectedhisfollowerstothepointthattheywould"stopthinkingcriticallyandjustemote.”Leaderswhomasteremotionscanrobusofourcapacitiestoreason.Iftheirvaluesareoutofstepwithourown.theresultscanbedestructive.Newevidencesuggeststhatwhenpeoplehaveself-servingmotives(动机),emotionalintelligencebecomesaweaponformanipulatingothers.InastudyledbytheUniversityofTorontopsychologistStephaneCote,universityemployeesfilledoutasurveyabouttheirMachiavellian(不择手段的)tendencies,andtookatestmeasuringtheirknowledgeabouteffectivestrategiesformanagingemotions.Then,Cote'steamassessedhowoftentheemployeesdeliberatelyundermined(逐渐削弱)theircolleagues.TheemployeesinvolvedinthemostharmfulbehaviorswereMachiavellianswithhighemotionalintelligence.Theyusedtheiremotionalskillstolowerthedignityoftheirpeersforpersonalgain.ShiningalightonthisdarksideofemotionalintelligenceisonemissionofaresearchteamledUniversityCollegeLondonprofessorMartinKilduff.Accordingtotheseexperts,emotionalintelligencehelpspeopledisguise(伪装)onesetofemotionswhileexpressinganotherforpersonalProfessorKiiduit'steamwrites,""Thestrategicdisguiseofone'sownemotionsandthemanipulationofothers'emotionsforstrategicendsarebehaviorsevidentnotonlyonShakespeare'sstagebutalsointheofficesandcorridorswherepowerandinfluencearetraded.”Ofcourse,peoplearen'talwaysusingemotionalintelligencefornefariousends.Moreoftenthannot,emotionalskillsaresimplyinstrumentaltoolsforgoalaccomplishment.AresearchteamdiscoveredthatfounderAnitaRoddickusedemotionalintelligencetoinspireheremployeesfundraiseforcharity.AsRoddickexplained,"Wheneverparticularprojectwealwaystriedtobreaktheirheartswewantedtopersuadeourstafftosupportaparticularprojectwealwaystriedtobreaktheirhearts.”Thereisgrowingrecognitionthatemotionalintelligence--likeanyskill--canbeusedforgoodorevil.Soifwe'regoingtoteachemotionalintelligenceinschoolsanddevelopitatwork,weneedtoconsiderthevaluesthatgoalongwithitandwhereit'sactuallyuseful.1、WhydoestheauthormentionMartinLutherKing,Jr?A.Tohonorthegreatleaderforhiscourage.B.Torecommendhisspeechtootherleaders.C.Toimpressthereaderswithamajortopic.D.Toadvocateasocietywithfewerproblems.2、Whichofthefollowingbelongstoadarksideofemotionalintelligence?A.Developingthecapabilitytocontrolone'sownemotion.B.Inducingpeopletodowhatbringsdisadvantagestothem.C.Appealingtotheaudiencetoconcentrateandremembermore.D.Encouragingthemovedaudiencetoamoreofthespeech.3、WhatisthedumbstruckeffectofHitler'semotionalintelligence?A.Hisfollowerswouldtearopentheirheartstohim.B.Hisfollowerswouldexpressemotionsstrategically.C.Hisfollowerswouldlosetheabilitytoreasonproperly.D.Hisfollowerswoulddeveloptheself-servingmotives.4、Howdopeopleusetheiremotionalintelligenceforpersonalgain?A.Theydisguisetheiremotionstoearnothers'trust.B.Theyhelptheircolleaguestobuildupconfidence.C.Theypresenttheirstrategicbehaviorsonthestage.D.Theylowertheirowndignitytogainpopularity.5、WhichmaymeanthesameastheunderlinedwordinParagraph8?A.Immoral. B.Unimportant.C.Illegal. D.Uncontrollable.6、Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThebenefitsofemotionalintelligenceB.Thewaysofdisguisingone'semotionsC.ThereasonsforusingemotionalskillsD.ThedarksideofemotionalintelligenceText2WelcometoSummerFun4Kids-theUKdirectoryofSummerCampsandCourses.Thelongsummerholidaysareincreasinglyrecognizedasagreatopportunityforyoungpeopletotakepartinorganizedactivities,playschemes(儿童游戏活动计划)ordaycampseitherwithintheirlocalareaonadailybasisorlivingawayfromhomeatanAmerican-styleresidentialSummerCamp.ThisdirectoryaimstoprovideasummaryofavailableopportunitiesthroughouttheUKaswellasbackgroundinformationandusefullinks.DayCampsDayCampsusuallyrunfromMondaystoFridaysofferavariedprogrammeofsports,adventureorcreativeactivitiesthroughouteachday.Arrivalanddeparturetimesvarybutusuallyinvolveastartingtimebetween9:00-10:00a.m.andacollectiontimebetween4:00-5:00p.m..DayCampsareprovidedforyoungpeoplelivingwithintheimmediatecatchmentareaofthevenue(会场服务区),butsomeofferasupervisedtransportservicefromawidercatchmentarea.Agegroupsfrom3yearsandabove.HolidayPlayschemesPlayschemesareusuallyrunbyvoluntaryorganizationsorlocalauthorities.Playschemesmayberestrictedtospecificactivities(SportsorArts&Crafts)orinvolvearangeofdifferentactivities.Someplayschemesmayinvolveoffsitetrips.Playschemesareprovidedmostlyforyoungpeoplelivingwithintheimmediatecatchmentareaofthevenue.Agegroupsfrom3yearsandabove.Sports/ActivityCoursesSpecialistcoursesinsingleactivitiesorsports.Thesecoursesusuallytake2or3hoursperday,lastinganythingfromasingledaytoaprogressivecourseover4or5consecutive(连续的)days.Sportscoursesareusuallyledbyqualifiedinstructorsorcoachesandnationalgoverningbodyawardsmaybeachieved,subjecttothelengthofcourse.Sportscoursesareoftenorganizedbylocalauthoritysportscentresorspecialistcenters(RidingSchools,WatersportsCenters,etc).Agegroupsfrom7yearsandabove.Multi-ActivityProgrammesorcoursesinvolvingacombinationofactivitiesratherthanaspecialistcourse.Typicallymulti-activityprogrammesinvolvebetween4-6activitysessionsperday,witheachactivitysessionlastingbetween1-1.5hours.Thistypeofcourseusuallyfocuseson“taster”orintroductorysessionsinarangeofactivitiessuchassports,adventure,creativeandperformingartsactivities.Agegroupsfrom3yearsandabove.1、TheaimofSummerFun4Kidsis.A.toorganizeplayschemesorcampsforkidsB.togatherinformationandusefullinksC.toprovidealistofavailableopportunitiesD.tomakeenoughmoneythroughsomeactivities2、IfyouchooseDayCampsforyourkid,.A.he/shewillspendsevendaysaweekthereB.he/shemaytakeariskoflosinglifeC.he/shewillstaythereatleast6hoursadayD.he/shewillhavetogrowupasateenager3、AkidenteringforSportscourses.A.willhavesomeoffsitetripswithcoachesB.maybeadmittedtoakeyuniversityinthefutureC.willturnintoaqualifiedinstructorD.shouldbeatleast7oraboveText3AndthentherewerenineThepasttwodecadeshaveseenastronomers’catalogueofplanetsexpandovertwohundredtimes,asnewtechniquesandbettertelescopeshavefoundmorethan2,000ofthemorbitingstarsotherthanthesun.Butinthesolarsystemitself,thelistofplanetshasactuallyshrunk,Pluto(冥王星)havingbeendowngradedfromthatstatusin2006.Thenumberofthesun’splanetarycompanionshasthusfallenfromninetoeight.Now,apairofastronomersfromtheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnologythinktheyhaveevidencethatwillrestorethesun’srecordtoitspreviousvalue.TheiranalysisofobjectsorbitingintheKuiperBelt(柯伊伯带),aringoffrozenasteroids(小行星)thatcirclebeyondtheorbitofNeptune(andofwhichPlutoisnowregardedasthelargestmember),suggeststothemthatsomethingabouttentimesasmassiveasEarthhaschangedthoseorbits.Ifyouknewwheretolook,thisplanet-sizedobjectwouldbevisiblethroughasuitabletelescope.AndKonstaninBatyginandMichaelBrownbelievetheydoknow.AstheywriteintheAstronomicaljournal,theyhaveanalyzedtheorbitsofKuiperBeltobjectsandfoundsixthatbehaveinapeculiarway.Asthediagramshows,thepointsofclosestapproachoftheseobjectstothesun,knownastheirperihelia(近日点),almostcoincide.Moreover,theseperiheliaalllieneartheecliptic(黄道)---theplaneofEarth’sorbitandalso,approximately,thatoftheotherplanets---whiletheobjects’orbitsareallangledat30°belowtheecliptic.Thechanceofallthisbeingacoincidence,thetworesearchersestimate,isaboutsevenin100,000.Ifitisnotacoincidence,itsuggeststhesixobjectshavebeenguidedintotheirorbitsbythegravitationalinterventionofsomethingmuchlarger.AcomputeranalysisDrBatyginandDrBrownperformedsuggeststhissomethingisaplanetweighing5-15timesasmuchasEarth,whoseperihelionisontheoppositesideofthesunfromthecluster,andwhichthusorbitsmainlyontheothersideofthesolarsystemfromtheobjectsitsorbithasaffected.Thisplanet’sperihelionwouldbe200timesfartherfromthesunthanEarth’s,andthefarendofitsorbitmightbeasmuchassixtimesthatdistanceaway.Thisgivesasearchzone,andDrBatyginandDrBrownareusingSubaru,aJapanesetelescope,toperformthatsearch.GivenotherdemandsonSubaru’stime,itmighttakefiveyearsforthissearchtofind(ornotfind)thehypotheticalplanet.Butlookingatsomeexistingdatafrom.TheWidefieldInfraredSurveyExplore,asatellite,mightalsoshowit,ifitistheretobeseen.Ironically,itwasDrBrownasmuchasanyonewhowasresponsibleforPluto’sdowngrading,forhediscoveredEris,anobjectalmostasbigasPluto,in2005.ThatdiscoverydidmuchtodamagePluto'splanetaryproof.Byhisownadmission,hewasskepticalthattheanomaliesheandDrBatyginhaveinvestigatedactuallywouldpointtotheexistenceofareplacementninthplanet.Heisaskepticnolonger.Whetherheisactuallyrightmaysoonbecomeapparent.1、AccordingtoDrBatyginandDrBrown’sresearch,itisquitepossiblethat________.A.PlutowillrestoreitsstatusasaplanetofthesolarsystemB.thesixobjectsintheKuiperBeltsharingsomesimilaritiesisamerecoincidenceC.therearenineplanetsinthesolarsystemD.Erisisareplacementninthplanetofthesolarsystem2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthehypotheticalplanet?A.ItmayhavechangedtheorbitsofsixobjectsintheKuiperBelt.B.Youcanseeitthroughadomestictelescopeifyouknowwheretolook.C.Comparedtoearth,thedistancefromitsperiheliontothesunisabout200timeslarger.D.Asatellitemaybeabletoprovidesomeevidenceofitsexistence.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedwordanomaliesstandfor?A.Sixobjectsbehavinginapeculiarway.B.Pluto’sdowngrading.C.ThediscoveryofEris.D.Someexistingdata.4、Thepurposeofthethirdparagraphisto________.A.explainwhythescientistsbelievethereisanunfoundplanetB.showhowthescientistsanalyzetheorbitsofKuiperBeltobjectsC.tellusthattheperiheliaofthesixobjectsalmostcoincideD.introducethetwoscientists’articleintheAstronomicalJournalText4MyhusbandandIwanteddesperatelytheinstanttransformationfromtypicalconsumerstoeco-consciouspeople.WeswitchedourlightbulbstoCFL(compactfluorescentlight)bulbstoconserveenergy.Wewentaboutthehouseturningofflightsandunpluggingappliancesthatweren’tinuse.Buttherateofglobalwarmingexceededoursnail’spaceconversiontogreenhood.SoIpressedonward.Idecidedtoputveganism(素食主义)atthetopofouragenda.Vegansrefuseanyanimalfleshorcommercialgoodsmadefromanyanimalbyproductssuchasmilkorfats.Allthefamilyapplaudedthisoptionexceptformyhusband.Somekindofanimalneededtosacrificeitsdearlifeforhismealoritwash’tdinner.Icookedupastorm,strugglingtopreparenutritiousmealsdominatedbynot-so-obviousvegandisheslikebeanburritosandhigh-fibervegetablestir-fry.Ittookafewdaysbeforeherealizedthathehadn’tbeeneatinganymeat.“Ifeellikeeatingbeef.”heannounced.Sothatnight,Itookfulladvantageofazucchini(一种南瓜),cutitintochunky(粗大的)piecesandcookedthem.ThenIcoveredthemwithspices.Mybeef-starvedhusbandhadsomeandacuriouslookcrossedhisface.“Where’sthebeef?”“Livingpeacefullysomewhereonanopenplainwhereitbelongs.”“Iknewit”hemurmured.“You’vesurelymadegreatcontributionstotheboomincattle.”Histastebudsweredevelopedcompletelyaroundtheflavorofeverykindofanimal:cattle,pigs,deer,lamb,chickensandducks.Convertinghimwaslikefeedinggrasstoalion.I’mallforpreservingourplanet,butwhatgoodwoulditdotosavetheearthfortomorrow’sgenerationiftoday’sdiedofstarvation?Thenextday,wewentoutforburgers.Iwasverycarefultoplacethepaperbagintoourrecyclingbin.1、Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“exceeded”underlinedinParagraph1?A.Defeated. B.Absorbed.C.Bound. D.Distributed.2、Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’shusbandfromParagraph2?A.Hesupportedthemeat-freediet. B.Hewasapreserverofanimals.C.HewasregardedasameatLover. D.Heplayedadominantroleincooking.3、Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Shehadagoodsenseofhumor. B.Shesuccessfullytransformedherhusband.C.Sheadvocatedraisingmorecattle. D.Shehadaperfectrecipeforcookingmeals.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HungerorAnger? B.DiscriminationorAppreciation?C.VegetablesorMarbles? D.GreensorLions?PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Wehighschoolstudentsdohavesomegrowingpains,1.wecangetridofthemcorrectlyandwiselyFirst,someofusareupset2.theirbodystylesandlooksIt’sunnecessaryandit’snotimportantatallWeneedn’tcareaboutitItisone’sinnerbeauty3.mattersSecond,wesometimesseemtobemisunderstoodbyourteachers,parentsandclassmates4.(face)withthis,wecanfind5.propertimetohaveaheart-to-hearttalkwiththem,tryingtoremovethe6.(understand)SomeofushavefewerinendsIthinkbeingopen-mindedandfriendly7.(do)yougoodThird,wemayfallbehindothers,8.makesusstressedActuallywecanencourage9.toworkefficiently,fullofdeterminationLastly,someofusdon’thavemuchpocketmoney,sotheyfeelunhappyIsn’titstrange?Solongaswehavesome,that’senoughAndwecanlearn10.tospendmoneyWhenIwasyoungIhatedlanguagesMydadspokeseveralandwasambitiousformeItwasnotuntilmy1.(graduate)fromhighschool2.Iconsideredlearning3.secondlanguage—SpanishIwasworkinginaschoolfordisabledchildreninaclassofsixOnlytwochildrencouldspeak,butIrealized4.(gradual)thateverychildcouldcommunicateSomeofthemusedphysicalsignsandmovements5.(express)themselvesOthersusedtheirvoices—theymadenoiseswhichchangeddepending6.howtheyfeltTheyeven“talked”toeachother,7.(have)argumentsandfriendlychatslikeanyoneelseEverychildinthatroomhadlikesanddislikes,desiresandfears8.theycommunicatedeveryday,withoutsayingasinglesentenceAstimewenton,IlearnednotonlySpanishbutthelanguageofeveryoneofthechildrenIcaredforIhadbeenmakingexcusesfornottryingalltheseyearsandhere9.(be)agroupofdisabledchildrenshowingmehowimportantcommunicationreallyisItmademewanttochallenge10.(I)andreallylearnSpanishSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Encouragingfriendstodiscusstheirproblemscanbedifficult.Somepeoplethinkithardtoopenuptoothersbecausetheydon’tthinkotherpeoplecareabouttheirproblems.1、Thebesthelpyoucanoffertoafriendgoingthroughadifficulttimeisyourears.Therearemanythingsyoucandotogetafriendtotalkabouthisproblems.2、Yourfriendwillbemorelikelytoopenuptoyouifhefeelsthatyoucareabouthim.Lethimknowthatyouarethereforhimandthathecanshareanythingwithyou,regardless,ofhowbaditis.Don’tofferyouranswertoeveryproblemyourfriendshares.3、Referyourfriendtoamedicalexpertifhisproblemisseriousorlife-threatening.Don’ttrytohandleitbyyourself.Donotbejudgmental.4、Acriticalattitudewillmakeyourfriendnotwanttosharehisproblemswithyou.Ifhetellsyousomethinghorrible,don’toverreact.Beunderstandingandsympathetic.LetyourfriendknowitisOKtofeelbad.Youmayhavesomeideasoftheproblemsyourfriendisfacing.5、Oftenpeoplefeelliketheyaretheonlyonesexperiencingaparticularproblem.A.BesupportiveandreliableB.Askquestionssuchashowyourf

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