湖南省怀化市靖州第二中学高二英语下学期摸底试题含解析

湖南省怀化市靖州第二中学高二英语下学期摸底试题含解析一、选择题1.

Theydesiredthatthey_________therighttoattendthemeeting.A.had

B.have

C.are

D.were参考答案：B2.Sales

director

is

a

position

communication

ability

is

just

as

important

as

salesskills.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where参考答案：D3.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,

seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.caused B.havingcaused C.causing D.tocause参考答案：C32.Afterheretiredfromoffice，Royers________paintingforawhile，butsoonlostinterest.A．tookup

B．savedupC．keptup

D．drewup参考答案：A略5..---I’dliketogoonHelen’sbirthdaypartytonight,butIhaven’tfinishedmypaperyet.

---______youmustknowyouhavetohanditintomorrow.A.Takeiteasy

B.Takeyourtime

C.Whynot

D.Comeon!参考答案：D略6.Thereisnoreasonwhyyoushouldn’ttelltheheadmaster_________thatyouareresigningbecausehehasarrangedyourpost.A.ineffect

B.infact

C.inadvance

D.insupport参考答案：C7.HavingfailedtodowhatI_____,I’mafraidofbeingscoldedbymyparents．A．amexpectedto

B．willbeexpectedtobeC．wasexpectedto

D．haveexpectedto参考答案：C8.---Howcarelessyouare!Youhave_____themostimportantpointindocument.

A.leftaway

B.leftwith

C.leftfor

D.leftout参考答案：D略9.______fullpreparations,wedecidedtoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek.A.Havingnotmade

B.WedidnotmakeC.Wehadnotmade

D.Nothavingmade参考答案：D10.---ShallIgetonemorecakefroyou,David?---Thanks,butyou______.I’vehadenough.A.shouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D.needn’t参考答案：D11.We’reofferedherthejob,butIdon’tknow__________she’llacceptit.A.where

B.what

C.whether

D.which参考答案：C12.IfJoe’swifewon’tgototheparty,________.A.hewilleither

B.heneitherwill

C.

neitherwillhe

D.eitherhewill

参考答案：C略13.Whenaskedformyviewsabouttheteachingjob,ItoldthejournaliststhatIfound______indeeddemandingbutrewarding.A.myself

B.them

C.it

D.this参考答案：C14.Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcentury

whatheatis.

A.mandidknow

B.manknew

C.didn’tcanman

D.didmanknow参考答案：D略15.YoucanneverimaginewhatgreattroubleIhad_____thepoorboywhowashurtseriously.A.helping

B.tohelp

C.helped

D.help参考答案：A16.DrYuanLongpinggrows_____iscalledsuperhybridrice,_____hasahighoutput.A.what;which

B.that;what

C.that;which

D.what;that参考答案：A17.Seeingthe__________lookonthelittlegirl’sface,Tomwas_________withtheghoststorymadeupbyhimself.A.terrifying;satisfying

B.terrified;satisfiedC.terrifying;satisfied

D.terrified;satisfying参考答案：B二、新的题型18.

16

.Still,allflavorsarebasedonjustfourbasictastes:sweet,bitter,salty,andsour.Somefoodexpertsarguethereisafifthbasictastecalledumami（aJapanesewordthatcanbetranslatedroughlyas"tasty"or"savory"）,butthistheoryremainscontroversial.

17

Howcansofewbasictastesgiverisetotheenormousnumberofflavorsweexperience?18Comparethistocolor1s.Thereareonlythreebasiccolor1s—yellow,red,andblue—butwhenmixedindifferentwaysandproportions,thesethreebasiccolor1saresufficienttocreatethevastarrayofcolor1sthatweseeeveryday.Apartfrombeinginfluencedbydifferentcombinationsofthebasictastes,theexperienceoftasteisalsoenrichedbyothersensations,suchasodor(气味)andtemperature.Thesefunctionstogetherproducewhatwerecognizeasuniquetastes.Infact,whatweperceiveastasteofteninvolvessmellmorethanthetasteexperiencedthroughthetongue.

19

Forexample,cinnamontastesquitemildtopeoplewhocannotenjoyitsfragrantsmell.Thesameistrueofdrinks,likehotcoffeeortea,whichtastebestwhentheycanbesmelledandtasted.

20

Thereasonwhyhot,spicyfoodslikechilipeppersaretastyisthattheyaffectthelingualnociceptors.Nociceptorsaresmallareasonthesurfaceofthebodythathelpprotectusagainstinjury.Nociceptorsontheskinwarnusofpotentialdamagetothebody.Whenweareprickedwithaneedle,forexample,nociceptorsrepresentthatsensationaspain.Aspecialkindofnociceptorcalledalingualnociceptorisfoundonthetongueand,alongwiththeothersenses,helpsusenjoycertainfoods.A.Thesearebasictastesthatwearefamiliarwith.B.Thisispossiblebecausethebasictastescombineindifferentproportions.C.Eachfoodweeattastesdifferent,andthereareuntoldnumbersofdifferenttastes.D.Thisiswhyfoodswithstrongtastesoftenseemunattractivetopeoplewho,duetoastuffynose,cannotsmellthem.E.Whatcanalsocontributetothesensationoftasteisourabilitytofeelpain.F.Sothereareasmallnumberofbasictastesthataffectabignumberofflavors.G.Regardlessofwhethertherearefourorfivebasictastes,thenumberissmall.参考答案：16.C

17.G

18.B

19.D

20.E17.G根据横线前句Somefoodexpertsarguethereisafifthbasictastecalledumami，butthistheoryremainscontroversial.可知有些专家认为还有第五种味道，但是这一理论还存在争议。但是无论基本的味道是四种还是五种，数量都不算多。故G项符合上下文串联。18.B根据后半句Comparethistocolor1s.Thereareonlythreebasiccolor1s—yellow,red,andblue—butwhenmixedindifferentwaysandproportions.可知三种基本的颜色黄、红、蓝可以组合成不同的颜色。那么味道也是一样的，四种基本味道可以组合成不同的味道。故B项“Thisispossiblebecausethebasictastescombineindifferentproportions.不同的味道也许是因为基本的味道以不同的比例组合在一起的”符合上下文串联。19.D根据横线前句Infact,whatweperceiveastasteofteninvolvessmellmorethanthetasteexperiencedthroughthetongue.实际上我们发现的味道通常涉及到通过舌头体验到的气味。说明横线句应该与气味有关，故D项“Thisiswhyfoodswithstrongtastesoftenseemunattractivetopeoplewho,duetoastuffynose,cannotsmellthem.”介绍的恰好是与气味有关的内容，符合上下文串联。20.E根据横线后句Thereasonwhyhot,spicyfoodslikechilipeppersaretastyisthattheyaffectthelingualnociceptors.中的辛辣食物会对我们的语言器官有伤害。说明味觉还和我们对于疼痛的感觉有关。故E项正确。【名师点睛】

本文的问题设在段尾，解题的关键在于充分理解空前这一句：Somefoodexpertsarguethereisafifthbasictastecalledumami，butthistheoryremainscontroversial.可知有些专家认为还有第五种味道，但是这一理论还存在争议。但是无论基本的味道是四种还是五种，数量都不算多。故G项符合上下文串联。1.空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。

2.通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,

as

a

result,

thus,

hence,

in

short,

to

sum

up,

to

conclude,

in

a

word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

3.与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。

4.与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表示并列/递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的线索词句。

5.所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。

6.如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样的特征词。

三、阅读理解19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。SYDNEY---Tobaccocompanieswillbeforcedtouseplain,logo-freepackagingontheircigarettesinordertomakethemlessattractivetosmokersunderlawsintroducedThursdaybyAustralia’sgovernment.Therules,whichwilltakeeffecton1July2012,willbantobaccocompaniesfromincludinglogos,promotionaltextorcolor1fulimagesoncigarettepackages.Agovernmenthealthwarningwillbedisplayedinstead,withthebrandnameatthebottom.Thegovernmentalsoannounceditwouldraisethecigarettetaxby25percent,drivingupthepriceofapackof30cigarettesbyaboutA$2.16(￡1.30).Tobaccocompaniesimmediatelydecidedtofightitincourt.“Introducingplainpackagingjusttakesawaytheabilityofaconsumertoidentifyourbrandfromanotherbrandandthatisofvaluetous,”anImperialTobaccoAustraliaspokeswoman,CathieKeogh,toldABC,addingthecompanyplanstotakelegalaction.Retailers(零售商)saidthetaxincreasewouldhurttheirbusinessesandencouragethecigaretteblackmarket.“It’sapolicybeingpushedbysomehealthadvocates,”saidMickDaly,thenationalchairmanofAustraliansupermarketchainIGA.“Thatisadirectattackonapproximately16percentofAustralianswhohavemadelegallifestylechoices.”TimeWilson,directorofintellectualproperty(知识产权)andfreetradeatAustralia’sInstituteofPublicAffairs,saidtobaccocompanieswerelikelytodemandcompensation(补偿)overtheforcedpackagingchanges,whichcouldcosttaxpayersaroundA$3billionayear.“UnderAustralia’sconstitution,ifthegovernmentbasicallytakessomeone’spropertyrights,includingintellectualpropertysuchastrademarks,theyhavetoprovidecompensation,”Wilsonsaid.“I’dbeshockediftheydidn’tseekcompensation,becauseifithappenshere,it’llhappenallovertheworld.”OppositionleaderTonyAbbottsaidhewantedevidencethatchangingthepackagingwouldreducesmoking.“I’mnotinthebusinessofdefendingsmoking,Iwanttomakethatlyclear.ButIalsowanttomakelyclearthatthisisnotahealthpolicy–thisisataxgrab(攫取),”Abbottsaid.Australiahasba