山东省济宁市2022-2023学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题

2022—2023学年第二学期期中质量检测高二英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共14页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将第Ⅱ卷答题卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.第Ⅱ卷答题卷必修用毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液胶带、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第Ⅰ卷(共95分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatdidJohndowithhisoldputer?A.Hesoldit.B.Hedonatedit.C.Helentittohissister.2.What’stheweatherlikenow?A.Cloudy.B.Sunny..Rainy.3.Whenwillthespeakersleaveforthecinema?A.Around2:35pm.B.Around2:30pm.C.Around2:20pm.4.HowdoesJanelooknow?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Tired.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtofindasubwaystation.B.Howtoorderataxiinthecity.C.Howtogettothetrainstation.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthespeakers’planfortonight?A.Tobuygifts.B.Towalkaroundthecity.C.TodinewithLisa’sfamily.7.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoinginthecity?A.Visitingfriends.B.Goingsightseeing.C.Lookingforwork,听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhydidJasonmissKaren’spartylastnight?A.Hevisitedhisfather.B.Heshowednointerest.C.Hegotattractedbyafootballgame.9.WhatdidJason’sfatherdotoimproveJason’shealth?A.HetookJasontoseeadoctor.B.HeexercisedmorewithJason.C.HechangedJason’seatinghabits.10.HowoftendoesJasonplayfootballnow?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceeverytwoweeks.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.Whywillthewomanleaveworkearlythisafternoon?A.Toseesomeoneoff.B.Topickupherrelatives.C.Totravelaroundthecity.12.Whatshouldthewomandobeforesheleaveswork?A.Copyfiles.B.Bookanairticket.C.Mailproductsamples.13.WhichcitywillMr.LeegotoonMay8?A.NewYork.B.LosAngeles.C.Chicago.14.Whoisthewomanmostprobablyspeakingto?A.Herboss.B.Hercustomer.C.Herfriend.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.WhattroublesHenrynow?A.Hehaslosthissportscoat.B.Hehasfailedtherunningrace.C.Hehasforgottenthespeechcontest.16.WherewillHenrygonext?A.Tothelibrary.B.Totheplayground.C.Tothelostandfoundoffice.17.WhatdoesHenryadviseLindatodo?A.Receivetraining.B.eupwithatopicfirst.C.AskMissGreenforadvice.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatwasthespeaker’sgrandmothergoodat?A.Running.B.Storytelling.C.Swimming.19.Whoseworksdidthespeakerreadinhighschool?A.ZadieSmith’s.B.SharonDraper’s.C.VirginiaWoolf’s.20.Howdoesthespeakermakealivingnow?A.Byteaching.B.BywritingC.Bygivinglectures.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ADiscoverthebestthingstodoinBeijingwithourroundupofartandexhibitions,performancesandpopularactivities.JazzWithJLCOandWyntonMarsalisJazzatLinconCentreOrchesraandtrumpetmasterWyntonMarsaliswilljoinhandstotourthreeChinesecities:Shenzhen,BeijingandTianjininApril,bringingthemostpopularjazzmusicfromtheUS.TheirBeijingstopwillbeonMarch20,attheForbiddenCityConcertHall.Ifyougo:7:30p.m.April24.Ticket:180—1,080yuanChenSaPianoRecitalChinesepianistChenSahasappearedatmanymusicfestivals,includingtheSchleswigHolsteinMusikFestivalandthePurlPianoFestival.TheperformanceattheNationalCentreforthePerformingArtsfeaturesthemelodiesofFrenchposerDebussy.Ifyougo:7:30p.m.December20.Ticket:80—500yuanAfricanWoodCarvingsAfricanartmotivatedartistssuchasPabloPicassoandHenriMatisseintheearly20thcentury.Butbesidesart,thecontinenthasalongandrichheritageofwoodcarving.TreeofLife,anexhibitionattheNationalArtMuseumofChina,featuresAfricanwoodcarvingsfromcountriessuchasTanzania,MozambiqueandBenin.Ifyougo:9a.m.—5p.m.January21.Ticket:FreeAnotherWayofTellingThisexhibition,stagedattheThreeShadowsPhotographyArtCentre,showsalmost100worksofAnnaFoxandKarenKnorr,twoleadingdocumentaryphotographersintheUK.Itfeaturesdifferentseriesofworks,suchasphotographsdiscussingproblemsofsocialclasses,workingenvironments,andselfawareness.Ifyougo:10a.m.—5p.m.January6.Ticket:60yuan1.WhencanweenjoymusicposedbyDebussy?A.At3p.m.January6. B.At10a.m.January21.C.At7:30p.m.April24. D.At7:30p.m.December20.2.WhatcanwedoattheTreeofLifeexhibition?A.Enjoyclassicalmusic.B.AppreciatePabloPicasso’sworks.C.Learnbasicskillsofwoodcarving.D.GettoknowaspecialartformfromTanzania.3.WherewillKarenKnorr’sworksbeexhibited?A.AttheForbiddenCityConcertHall.B.AttheNationalArtMuseumofChina.C.AttheNationalCentreforthePerformingArts.D.AttheThreeShadowsPhotographyArtCentre.【答案】1.D2.D3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了在北京举行的关于艺术、展览、表演和热门活动等相关活动的信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ChenSaPianoRecital中的“TheperformanceattheNationalCentreforthePerformingArtsfeaturesthemelodiesofFrenchposerDebussy.Ifyougo:7:30p.m.December20.”（这场在国家大剧院举行的演出以法国作曲家Debussy的旋律为特色。如果你去的话:12月20日晚上7:30）可知，12月20日晚上7:30可以欣赏Debussy作曲的音乐。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AfricanWoodCarvings中的“TreeofLife,anexhibitionattheNationalArtMuseumofChina,featuresAfricanwoodcarvingsfromcountriessuchasTanzania,MozambiqueandBenin.”（在中国美术馆举办的“生命之树”展览中，展出了来自坦桑尼亚、莫桑比克和贝宁等国的非洲木雕作品）可知，在生命之树展览会上我们能了解一种来自坦桑尼亚的特殊艺术形式。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据AnotherWayofTelling中的“Thisexhibition,stagedattheThreeShadowsPhotographyArtCentre,showsalmost100worksofAnnaFoxandKarenKnorr,twoleadingdocumentaryphotographersintheUK.”（本次展览在ThreeShadowsPhotographyArtCentre举行，展出了英国两位著名纪实摄影师AnnaFox和KarenKnorr的近100件作品）可知，KarenKnorr的作品在ThreeShadowsPhotographyArtCentre展出。故选D项。BFromthetopofMountQomolangmatothebottomoftheMarianaTrench,plasticcontinuestopollutetheenvironment,anditcreatesasignificantthreattoalllifeformsonEarth.Despiteknowingtheeffectsofplasticpollution,wehavenotbeenabletobantheuseofplasticproducts.Now,thankstotheinventionofa17yearoldgirl,Arora,wefinallyhaveabetterchoice.Thisplasticlikematerialismadefromprawnshells,anditbreaksdown1.5milliontimesfasterthanmostofthemercialplasticproductsweusetoday.TheAustralianteenfirstbecameawareoftheimpactofplasticwasteontheenvironmentwhenshoppingwithhermother.Shewonderedwhyhermotherhadtopayfortheplasticbags.Whenasked,thecashierinformedherhowplastichurtstheplanetandthattheadditionalchargewastheretoencouragepeoplenottouseit.ThisinspiredAroratocreateakindofplasticthatwouldbreakdownfasterthantheconventionalone.Butthejourneyofinventing“ecofriendlyplastic”wasnoteasy.Sheexperimentedwithanumberoforganicmaterialssuchascornflourandbananapeels,bothofwhichhadtoberuledoutbecauseoftheirsolubility.Onenight,whilehavingdinner,shenoticedthattheshellsofprawnslookplasticky.Sheimmediatelywenttothelabtoresearch.Later,shewoulddescribethatdinnerasher“Eureka”moment.Sheextractedthematerialcalled“chitin”fromtheshellsandthenmixeditwithaninsolubleproteincalled“fibroin”,whichisfoundinsilkcocoons.Usingthebinationofthesetwoorganicmaterials,Aroracreatedaplasticlikematerialthatbreaksdownpletelywithinjust33days.Moreover,thisplasticreleasesnitrogenwhenbreakingdown,whichiswhyitcanbeusedasplantfertilizer.Arora’sinventionhascausedastir,andshehaswonanumberofawards.Asaninspiringyoungwoman,Arorawantstomakeadifferenceintheworld,andshewantstoencourageotheryoungpeopletofollowtheirpassionandmakeapositivedifferencehowevertheycan.4.WhatinspiredAroratocreateakindofspecialplastic?A.Acashier’swordsaboutpaidplasticbags. B.Herdeterminationtoprotecttheprawns.C.Aclassaboutplastic’simpactontheplanet. D.Herplantosavemoneyonplasticproducts.5.Whatcouldbea“Eureka”moment?A.Amomentofneedingreflection. B.Amomentoffindingthetruth.C.Amomentofhavingsuddeninspiration. D.Amomentofenjoyingthecelebration.6.Whatcanbeknownaboutthenewplasticinparagraph4?A.Itismadefromnonorganicmaterials. B.Itcanbreakdowntotallyinamonth.C.Itcanbeusedtohelpplantstogrow. D.Itisextractedfromaninsolubleprotein.7WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeArora?A.Braveandclever. B.Creativeandinspiring.C.Activeandconsiderate. D.Humorousandfriendly.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了17岁的女孩Arora发明了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料，介绍了她发明这种塑料的经过和她的发明所取得的成就。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenasked,thecashierinformedherhowplastichurtstheplanetandthattheadditionalchargewastheretoencouragepeoplenottouseit.ThisinspiredAroratocreateakindofplasticthatwouldbreakdownfasterthantheconventionalone.(当被询问时，收银员告诉她塑料是如何伤害地球的，额外收费是为了鼓励人们不要使用它。这启发Arora发明了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料)”可知，是收银员对收费塑料袋的评价启发Arora创造了一种特殊的塑料。故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Onenight,whilehavingdinner,shenoticedthattheshellsofprawnslookplasticky.Sheimmediatelywenttothelabtoresearch.Later,shewoulddescribethatdinnerasher“Eureka”moment.(一天晚上，在吃晚饭的时候，她注意到虾壳看起来像塑料。她立即去实验室做研究。后来，她将那次晚餐描述为她的“顿悟”时刻)”可推知，Arora在那次吃晚饭时从虾壳中得到了灵感，创造出了这种分解很快的塑料，所以“Eureka”的时刻是指突发灵感的瞬间。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Moreover,thisplasticreleasesnitrogenwhenbreakingdown,whichiswhyitcanbeusedasplantfertilizer.(此外，这种塑料在分解时会释放出氮，这就是为什么它可以用作植物肥料)”可知，第四段中的新型塑料可以用来帮助植物生长。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Usingthebinationofthesetwoorganicmaterials,Aroracreatedaplasticlikematerialthatbreaksdownpletelywithinjust33days.(Arora将这两种有机材料结合起来，创造了一种类似塑料的材料，这种材料在短短33天内就能完全分解)”以及最后一段中“Asaninspiringyoungwoman,Arorawantstomakeadifferenceintheworld,andshewantstoencourageotheryoungpeopletofollowtheirpassionandmakeapositivedifferencehowevertheycan.(作为一名鼓舞人心的年轻女性，Arora想要改变世界，她希望鼓励其他年轻人追随自己的激情，尽其所能做出积极的改变)”可推知，Arora创造出了分解更快的塑料，且鼓励其他年轻人，所以她是个有创造性和启发性的人。故选B。CParentingstyleshavechangedovertheyearsinresponsetotherapidchangesintheworld.Whetheritistappingtechnologyorapplyingthebestparentingpracticestomeetaparentingneed,parentsnowadaysgenerallyinvestmoretimeinfindingouthowbesttoraisetheirchildren.ModernparentsoftenlooktotheInternetandsocialmediaforparentingadvice.Aparentcanpostquestionsfromhowtomanagetheconstantcriesofaninfanttohowtotalktoamoodyteenager,andchancesare,theparentwillbefloodedinstantlywithadviceandrelevantarticles.Theavailabilityofresourceshashelpedmodernparentsengagemoreintheirchildren’sdevelopment,bothacademicallyandemotionally.Amodernparentingstylethathasemergedishelicopterparenting,whereparentsaremuchtoofocusedontheirchildren.Theyhelpchildrenwithtasksthey’recapableofdoingontheirown,likeselectingactivitiesandfriendsforthem.Suchaparentingstylecanholdbackthedevelopmentofthechildren’sabilitytohandleresponsibilitiesindependently.Childrenmightbeillequippedwithlifeskillssuchasdoinglaundry(洗衣),clearingtheirplatesorcopingwiththeirschoolwork.Alwaysprotectingchildrenfromfailuresmayalsopreventthemdevelopingadaptabilityandacquiringskillslikeproblemsolving.Ontheotherhand,parentsinthepasttendedtomonitorless.Childrenweren’tgivenmorecontroloverhowtomanagetheirschoolworkandchoosetheirfriends.Theywereoftenexpectedtoshoulder.theresponsibilitiesofcaringforyoungerbrothersandsistersandmanaginghousework.Livinginthepreinternetage,parentswerelessinformedaboutdifferentparentingmethods,andpersonalities.Thereisnoonerightwaytoraiseachild.Eachchildisuniqueandshouldberaiseddifferentlybyparentswhoarepresentbutnotwandering,whoaresupportivebutnotcontrolling,andwhoprotectbutnotcaretoomuch.8.Whatdoestheauthorexplainbymentioning“aninfant”and“amoodyteenager”inparagraph2?A.Devotiontokids. B.Trickyparentingproblems.C.Effectiveparenting. D.Easyaccesstoguidance.9.Whatisadistinctivecharacteristicofhelicopterparenting?A.Flexible. B.Efficient. C.Overinvolved. D.Conventional.10.Whatdoweknowaboutparentsinthepast?A.Theyeducatedkidsinarigidway.B.Theyaffordedkidsmorespaceforselfgrowth.C.Theyoverestimatedtheirkids’independence.D.Theytendedtostayawayfromsocialactivities.11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthetwoparentingmodesmentionedinthepassage?A.Subjective. B.Opposed.C.Favorable. D.Objective.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着社会的变化，父母的育儿方式也发生着变化，对比了过去和现代的育儿方式。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中“Aparentcanpostquestionsfromhowtomanagetheconstantcriesofaninfanttohowtotalktoamoodyteenager,andchancesare,theparentwillbefloodedinstantlywithadviceandrelevantarticles.(父母可以发布问题，从如何管理婴儿不断的哭声到如何与喜怒无常的青少年交谈，很有可能，父母会立即被建议和相关文章淹没。)”可知，作者在第2段中提到“婴儿”和“喜怒无常的少年”，是为了解释现代父母可以通过互联网轻松获得指导。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Amodemparentingstylethathasemergedishelicopterparenting,whereparentsaremuchtoofocusedontheirchildren.(一种现代的育儿方式是“直升机式育儿”，父母把太多的注意力放在孩子身上。)”以及“Theyhelpchildrenwithtasksthey’recapableofdoingontheirown,likeselectingactivitiesandfriendsforthem,orcallingtheirteachersabouthomeworkmatters.(他们帮助孩子们完成他们自己能够完成的任务，比如为他们选择活动和朋友，或者打给他们的老师讨论作业问题。)”可知，“直升机式育儿”的方式中，在孩子的活动中，父母参与的太多。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Ontheotherhand,parentsinthepasttendedtomonitorless.Childrenweregivenmorecontroloverhowtomanagetheirschoolworkandchoosetheirfriends.(另一方面，过去的父母往往监督较少。孩子们在如何管理学业和选择朋友方面有了更多的控制权。)”可知，过去的父母对孩子监督较少，给予孩子更多的空间，即他们为孩子们提供了更多的自我成长的空间。故选B。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一一段中“Thereisnoonerightwaytoraiseachild.Eachchildisuniqueandshouldberaiseddifferentlybyparentswhoarepresentbutnotwandering,whoaresupportivebutnotcontrolling,andwhoprotectbutnotcaretoomuch.(养育孩子没有唯一正确的方法。每个孩子都是独一无二的，父母应该以不同的方式抚养孩子，父母应该在身边而不是四处游荡，父母应该支持而不是控制，父母应该保护而不是过分关心。)”可知，作者对于两种育儿的方法是客观的。故选D。DThereisaprofoundrelationshipbetweensciencefictionandscience.Itisoftensaidthatstorieschangetheworldwhatislessoftenheardisthatstorieschangescience,andthereforethefuture.TheuseofsciencefictiontoexploreourworldissimilartoplotplanninginFuturesStudies,whichshapesourideasabout:thefuture,andgoesbeyondpredictingartifactsthatonceseemedimpossibletouslikeVerne’ssubmarineorthesatellitesof2001SpaceOdyssey.InthewordsofDutchresearcherSofiaKaloterakis,“Sciencefictionnarrativesstructureourimaginativemodelsabouttechnoscientificprojectssuchasroboticsorspaceexploration".HaveyoueverwonderedhowsciencefictionnovelshaveimpactedtheideawehaveaboutArtificialIntelligenceorhowSnowCrash,NealStephenson’snovel,hasimpactedwhatwenowcalltheMetaverse(元宇宙)?Sciencefictionhelpsusdefinepossiblefutures.Itprovidesuswithanunderstandingoftherulesunderlyingfictionalworlds.Italsoallowsustoputtechnologicalprototypes(原型)inthecontextoftheirusebyhumans.Butmostimportantlyitdeterminesthewaywestructurescientificthoughtandintervene(干预)inthefuture.AlexMcDowell,creatoroftheMinorityReport,andPetervonStackelbergexplainwhatfictionalnarrativescanbringtothetable;Therichnessof“storyworlds”—the“universes”withinwhichstoriestakeplace—providesuswithdetailedrulesofthecontextinwhichalargerrealityunfoldsthatextendsbeyondasinglestory,andhasthepotentialtoprovideuswithdeeperlearningabouttheunderlyingsystemsthatregulatethoseworlds.Lastly,therelationshipoffuturenarrativestotheoriessuchasSocialConstructivismhasbeenhighlightedbyseveralscholars.Acentralideaofthissociologicaltheoryisthatwheneverweusewordsorothersymbolstorefertoobjectsinourworld,weareconstructingthem.And,therefore,predictionisalsoasocialconstruction.Innarrating,weinterveneintheworld.Innarratingtheworld,weconstructit.Inwritingsciencefiction,weinterveneinthescienceofthefuture.12.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thestoryworldscreatedbysciencefictions.B.Artifactsandtechnologiesinsciencefictions.C.Sciencefictionnarrativesaffectingfuturestudies.D.Therelationbetweenscienceandsciencefictions.13.Whatisthemostimportantroleofsciencefiction?A.Itprovidesuswithtechnologiesandtools.B.Itallowsustoestablishreasonablefuture.C.Ithelpsuslearntherulesoffictionalworld.D.Itdecidesourthinkingandaffectsthefuture.14.Whatdoweknowabout“storyworlds”?A.Therearegeneralrulesforasinglestory.B.Theyhaveapotentialcontextwithinastory.C.Therearenoregulationsorguidingsystems.D.Theyarethe“universes”wherestorieshappen.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Scholarscarelittleaboutnarrativesaboutfuture.B.Objectscan’tbeconstructedbywordsorsymbols.C.Thescienceoffutureintervenesintoday’sscience.D.Sciencefictionnarrativescanconstructfutureworlds.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了科幻小说叙事影响了未来的研究。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thereisaprofoundrelationshipbetweensciencefictionandscience.”（科幻小说和科学之间有着深刻的关系）根据第二段“TheuseofsciencefictiontoexploreourworldissimilartoplotplanninginFuturesStudies,whichshapesourideas”（利用科幻小说来探索我们的世界，类似于《未来研究》中的情节规划，它塑造了我们对未来的看法）根据第四段“Sciencefictionhelpsusdefinepossiblefutures.”（科幻小说帮助我们定义可能的未来。）根据最后一段“Inwritingsciencefiction,weinterveneinthescienceofthefuture.”（在写科幻小说时，我们介入了未来的科学）可知，短文主要是关于科幻小说叙事影响了未来的研究。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Butmostimportantly,itdeterminesthewaywestructurescientificthoughtandintervene(干预)inthefuture.”（最重要的是，它决定了我们构建科学思想和干预未来的方式。）可知，科幻小说最重要的作用是它决定我们的思维并影响未来。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Therichnessof“storyworlds”—the“universes”withinwhichstoriestakeplace”（丰富的“故事世界”——故事发生的“宇宙”）可知，故事世界是指它们是故事发生在“宇宙”内。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Innarrating,weinterveneintheworld.Innarratingtheworld,weconstructit.Inwritingsciencefiction,weinterveneinthescienceofthefuture.”（在叙述中，我们介入了世界。在叙述世界时，我们构建了世界。在写科幻小说时，我们介入了未来的科学。）可推知，科幻叙事可以构建未来世界。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空自处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。EfficientwaystoimproveyourspeechFinditdifficulttomakeawonderfulspeechinpublic?___16___UsemorefacialexpressionsOnepsychologistfeelsthatourfacialexpressionisresponsiblemorethananythingelsefortheimpressionothershaveofus.Asmileinwhichtheeyesparticipateisextremelymunicative.___17___Peopletendtomirroryourexpression,sotrytoshowhowyoufeelaboutatopicoranideathroughyourfacialexpression.Getridofyourinnerfear___18___Thewaytohandleitistoputittoworkforyou,getintoaction,asShakespeareobserved,actioncuresfear.Thefirstistoadmitit.Dothethingyoufearanditwillbethedeathoffearitself.Anothersimpleaidatthelastminutebeforeyoubegin,istotakeafewdeepbreaths.Thiswillhelpgetthebutterfliesinformationandalsokeepyourvoiceundercontrol.PolishyourvoiceOurvoiceisthemaininstrumentwepossessformunicatingwithpeople.Soinvestinataperecorder,practiceyourspeechbyspeakingitintothemicrophoneandthenlistentoit.Youcanevenhaveothersjoinintheevaluationofyourstrongpointsandyourweaknessesorfaultsaswell.Simplyreadinganewspaper,amagazineorstoriestoyourchildrenoutloudcanhelp.___19___StrengthenyourmemoryPsychologiststellusthatmostindividualsdon’tuseabovetenpercentoftheirinherentcapacityformemory.Howtoenhancethepowerofmemory?First,haveaburningdesiretoremember.It’sdifficulttorecallanythingwithoutwantingtodoso.___20___Oursuccessdependsgreatlyonourabilitytoconcentrate.Thenextprincipleisrepetition,welearnedmanythingsinschoolbyrepetition.A.Stepnumbertwoisconcentration.B.Afrownoftenbringsthesamethinginreturn.C.Herearesomeefficientwaystoimproveyourspeech.D.Youremphasis,pausing,paceandevenpitchcanimprove.E.Readingaloudcannotnecessarilyhelpyoudevelopapersonalstyle.F.Themoreassociationsyoumakewiththebrain,theeasieritbees.G.It’snaturaltohavesometensionwhenyouappearbeforeanaudience.【答案】16.C17.B18.G19.D20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种能够提高演讲能力的有效方法：使用更多的面部表情；摆脱内心的恐惧；改善说话的声音；加强记忆。【16题详解】上文“Finditdifficulttomakeawonderfulspeechinpublic?(觉得在公共场合发表精彩演讲很难吗？)”引出话题“演讲很难”；同时结合后文的四个小标题“Usemorefacialexpressions(使用更多的面部表情)”、“Getridofyourinnerfear(摆脱内心的恐惧)”、“Polishyourvoice(改善说话的声音)”和“Strengthenyourmemory(加强记忆)”可知，后文在讲述提高演讲的几种具体方法，故此处空格的内容应起到承上启下的作用，C选项“Herearesomeefficientwaystoimproveyourspeech.(以下是一些提高演讲水平的有效方法。)”符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】由第二段的小标题“Usemorefacialexpressions(使用更多的面部表情)”、上文“Asmileinwhichtheeyesparticipateisextremelymunicative.(蕴含眼神的微笑非常具有交流性。)”和后文“Peopletendtomirroryourexpression,sotrytoshowhowyoufeelaboutatopicoranideathroughyourfacialexpression.(人们倾向于表达和你一样的表情，所以试着通过你的面部表情来表达你对某个话题或想法的感觉。)”可知，本段主要讲述面部表情在演讲中的重要性。B选项“Afrownoftenbringsthesamethinginreturn.(皱眉往往也会带来同样的回报。)”中的“Afrown”也是面部表情，并与上文的“Asmile”相对应，符合语境。故选B。【18题详解】由第三段的小标题“Getridofyourinnerfear(摆脱内心的恐惧)”和后文“Thewaytohandleitistoputittoworkforyou,getintoaction,asShakespeareobserved,actioncuresfear.(处理它的方法是让它为你工作，付诸行动，正如莎士比亚所说，行动可以治愈恐惧。)”可知，此段主要讲述如何摆脱内心的恐惧。G选项“It’snaturaltohavesometensionwhenyouappearbeforeanaudience.(当你出现在观众面前时，很自然会有一些紧张。)”中的tension就是后文中it所指代的内容，与fear表达的意思一致，放在句首用于引出后文，符合语境。故选G。【19题详解】由第四段小标题“Polishyourvoice(改善说话的声音)”和上文“Ourvoiceisthemaininstrumentwepossessformunicatingwithpeople.(我们的声音是我们与人交流的主要工具。)”与“Simplyreadinganewspaper,amagazineorstoriestoyourchildrenoutloudcanhelp.(只需大声给孩子读报纸、杂志或故事就可以了。)”可知，本段主要讲的是如何改善说话的声音，D选项“Youremphasis,pausing,paceandevenpitchcanimprove.(你的重点、停顿、速度甚至音高都可以提高。)”承接上文，表示通过前文的给孩子大声读报纸、讲故事等方式可以提高说话的重点、停顿等，符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】由第五段小标题“Strengthenyourmemory(加强记忆)”和上文“First,haveaburningdesiretoremember.It’sdifficulttorecallanythingwithoutwantingtodoso.(首先，有一种强烈的记忆欲望。如果没有记忆的欲望那回忆东西是很难的。)”可知，本段主要讲述如何加强记忆，上文中的First表示第一点，又因后文“Oursuccessdependsgreatlyonourabilitytoconcentrate.(我们的成功很大程度上取决于我们的专注能力。)”与上文表述内容不一致，说明此处讲的是另外一点，A选项“Stepnumbertwoisconcentration.(第二步就是专心致志。)”承接上文，Stepnumbertwo是First的顺延，同时concentration又与后文中的concentrate相对应，符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Myhighschoollifewasaveryfulfillingone.Apartfromstudyinginclass,Igotaparttimejobatalocal___21___shop.Ihopeditwouldbeeasy,andforthemostpart,___22___.Iimaginedmyselfpouringcoffeeandbeingclosefriendswithmycustomers.ButwhatIhadn’t___23___wasthepeoplewithsomanyordersandthemomentswhenIcouldn’tseemto___24___anyone.Therewasalwaystoomuchsugar,toolittleice,ornotenoughskimmilk.___25___,Ikeptatit.Oneday,oneofmycustomersdroppedin,___26___.Beforeheleft,Ihandedhimabagalongwithhisicedcoffee.Helookedatme___27___becausehehadorderednothingbutthecoffee.Heopenedthebagandsawhisfavoritedoughnut(甜甜圈)Ihad___28___him.Hesmiledandthankedmebefore___29___outintotherain.Thenextevening,hecame.Insteadof____30____something,hehandedmeasinglepinkroseandanote.“Thanksforbeingsosweetand____31____yesterday.Itissonicetomeetsomeonewhoiswarm.Pleasedon’t____32____yourwaysbecauseItrulybelievethatyouwilldobetter.Haveagreatday!”Astimewenton,Idid____33____somecustomersreallyparticular.ButwheneverIfeltcastdown,thatmanandhiskindnesswouldoccurtome.ThenIwould____34____,holdmyheaduphigh,clearmythroatandaskpolitely,“HowcanI____35____you?”21.A.fashion B.coffee C.bakery D.furniture22.A.flexible B.romantic C.backbreaking D.stressfree23A.expected B.detected C.grasped D.managed24.A.recognize B.reach C.please D.convince25.A.Moreover B.However C.Instead D.Hence26.A.excited B.rigid C.dynamic D.depressed27.A.questioningly B.curiously C.gratefully D.angrily28.A.assigned B.awarded C.given D.served29.A.ing B.heading C.storming D.sliding30.A.ordering B.whispering C.reporting D.obtaining31.A.outgoing B.straightforward C.thoughtful D.tolerant32.A.continue B.keep C.improve D.change33.A.inquireabout B.eacross C.knockinto D.hearof34.A.smile B.pray C.weep D.sigh35.A.treat B.thank C.contact D.help【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在高中时在咖啡店里做兼职的经历和感悟。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了在课堂上学习，我还在当地一家咖啡店找了份兼职工作。A.fashion时尚；B.coffee咖啡；C.bakery烘焙；D.furniture家具。根据下文“pouringcoffee”可知，作者在一家咖啡店兼职。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望它会很简单，在很大程度上，没有压力。A.flexible灵活的；B.romantic浪漫的；C.backbreaking令人筋疲力尽的；D.stressfree没压力的。根据上文“Ihopeditwouldbeeasy”可以推测，作者希望在咖啡店兼职大部分时间是轻松简单，没有压力的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我没有预料到的是，有那么多人的订单，还有我似乎无法取悦任何人的时刻。A.expected期待、预料；B.detected侦测；C.grasped抓住；D.managed管理。根据下文“thepeoplewithsomanyordersandthemoments”并结合上文作者希望兼职轻松简单无压力可知，作者没有预料到，咖啡店的工作也是有挑战的。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.recognize识别；B.reach到达；C.please让……开心；D.convince说服。根据上文“peoplewithsomanyorders”可知，顾客的要求很多，作者很难让任何人都开心。故选C项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我坚持了下来。A.Moreover此外；B.However然而；C.Instead相反；D.Hence因此。根据上文“Therewasalwaystoomuchsugar,toolittleice,ornotenoughskimmilk.(糖总是太多，冰太少，或者脱脂牛奶不够)”及“Ikeptatit.”可知，尽管工作中备受挑战，作者还是坚持了下来，前后为转折关系。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的一位顾客进来了，很沮丧。A.excited感到激动的；B.rigid死板的；C.dynamic精力充沛的；D.depressed抑郁的、沮丧的。根据下一段“Thanksforbeingsosweetand___11___yesterday.Itissonicetomeetsomeonewhoiswarm.”可以推测，作者的这位顾客当天心情沮丧压抑。故选D项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他疑惑地看着我，因为他只点了咖啡。A.questioningly怀疑地；B.curiously好奇地；C.gratefully感激地；D.angrily生气地。根据下文“becausehehadorderednothingbutthecoffee”可知，顾客十分疑惑因为作者多给了食物。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他打开袋子，看到了我给他的他最喜欢的甜甜圈。A.assigned分派；B.awarded颁发；C.given给；D.served服务。根据上文“Beforeheleft,Ihandedhimabagalongwithhisicedcoffee.(在他离开之前，我递给他一个袋子和他的冰咖啡)”和“Heopenedthebagandsawhisfavoritedoughnut(甜甜圈)