考研《英语一》2023年金湖县点睛提分卷含解析

考研《英语一》2023年金湖县点睛提分卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Californiaofficialsarepraisingworkersforrescuinga13-year-oldboywhofellintoariverofsewage(下水道)inLosAngeles.Theboy,JesseHemandez,1morethan12hoursinthecity’s2undergroundsewagesystem.Itis3withrefuseliquidsandotherwastematerials,someofthem4.Jessehadbeenplayingatapublicparkwithother5duringafamilygatheringonSunday.Atonepoint,thechildrenwere6piecesofwoodthatcoveredanopening7thesewagesystem.Oneofthewoodenboardsbroke.Theboyfellabouteightmetersdownand8infast-movingsewage.Theotherchildren9toldadultswhathadhappened.Theadultsthencalledanemergencytelephonelineforhelp.Rescuersimmediatelybegan10Jesseunderground.Withthehelpofcamerastheyfloateddownthepipes,rescuerseventuallylocatedJesse11seeingimagesofhandprintsononeofthem.Acrewofsanitation(环境卫生)workershurriedtothe12andopenedamanhole(检查井).Thefirstthingthey13was“Help”.Theirpatienceandoptimism14.ThecrewlowereddownalongropetoJesse.Theboyheldontotheropewhileworkers15himup.BythetimeworkersfoundJesse,about700metersofpipeshadbeen16duringa12-hourperiod.Jessewaspottedlessthantwokilometersfromwherehe17.Hewastakentoahospitalforafullphysicalexaminationandtobereunitedwithhis18.Morethan100peoplecontributedmuchtirelesslytothe19ofJesse.Jessewasluckytofindasmallareaof20airandwaitthereuntilhewasfound.1、A．wastedB．tookC．spentD．arranged2、A．shallowB．largeC．desertedD．temporary3、A．filledB．facedC．comparedD．occupied4、A．dustyB．unusualC．uselessD．poisonous5、A．visitorsB．childrenC．strangersD．parents6、A．belowB．behindC．overD．on7、A．leadingtoB．consistingofC．endinginD．headingfor8、A．swamB．landedC．sufferedD．fought9、A．seriouslyB．eventuallyC．quicklyD．exactly10、A．searchingforB．caringaboutC．turningtoD．calmingdown11、A．beforeB．unlessC．afterD．until12、A．systemB．areaC．dustbinD．water13、A．sawB．feltC．fearedD．heard14、A．setoffB．putoffC．turnedoffD．paidoff15、A．pulledB．packedC．pickedD．waked16、A．judgedB．selectedC．removedD．inspected17、A．divedB．screamedC．disappearedD．escaped18、A．friendsB．familyC．classD．relatives19、A．struggleB．adventureC．survivalD．existence20、A．breathableB．miserableC．smellyD．pureSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Nursesarerequiredinallareasofthemedicalfieldfromhospitalsandnursinghomestoschoolsandthearmedforces,leadingtoagreatneedofcertifiednurses.Herearesomebestuniversitiesforadegreeinnursing.SimmonsCollegeSimmonsCollegeisaprivatewomen’scollegefoundedinBostonin1899.Nursingisthetop-rankedmajorattheschoolaswellasthemostpopular.ThenursinggraduatesfromSimmonsmakeabout$58,000everyyear.VillanovaUniversityVillanovaUniversityisaresearchuniversitylocatedinRadnorTownship,Pennsylvania.NamedafterSaintThomasofVillanova,theschoolistheoldestCatholicuniversityinPennsylvania.Nursingisapopularmajorandisofferedasanonlinedegreeaswell.ThenursinggraduatesfromVillanovamakeabout$63,000everyyear.UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesTheUCLASchoolofNursingisknownforitsexcellenteducationprovidedbyagroupofleadersinthemedicalfield.Thefour-yearprogramallowsstudentstobequalifiednursesthroughclassroomlearningandclinicaltraining.AnursingdegreefromUCLAleadstopositionsinmanyhospitalsandclinics,withayearlyincomeofabout$84,000.NewYorkUniversityNewYorkUniversityattachesgreatimportancetoreal-worldexperience.Alongwithtakingclassesinschool,studentsmainlyworkinthehealthcareenvironmentreceivingtechnicaltrainingAdditionally,NYUCollegeofNursingstudentshavethechancetostudyinAbuDhabi,ChinaandothercountriesinAfrica,Asia,EuropeandSouthAmerica.TheeducationfromNYUwillpreparestudentstohelpdoctorstreatpatients,earningayearlyincomeofabout$86,000.1、IfNorahastolookafterherchildrenathome,whichuniversitycanshechoosetogetanursingdegree?A．SimmonsCollege. B．VillanovaUniversity.C．UniversityofCalifornia. D．NewYorkUniversity.2、WhatmakestheUCLASchoolofNursingfamous?A．Itshigh-qualityteaching. B．Itsfour-yearprogram.C．Theclinicaltrainingitoffers. D．Theyearlyincomeofgraduates.3、NYUCollegeofNursingfocusesmoreattentiononstudents’________.A．futureincome B．learningenvironmentC．practicaltraining D．chancetostudyabroadText2Themosttypicaldefinitionofsuccessis“theaccomplishmentofanaimorpurpose”orwhatmostofushaveheard:“theattainmentofpopularityorprofit.”ButisSuccessreallydefinedbypurposesorprofit?Aftergraduatingfromhighschool,myfamilyadvisedmetoaimtobuildasuccessfulcareer.Myoptionswerenarroweddowntobecomingadoctororchoosingafieldinengineering.SoIgraduatedwithachemicalengineeringdegree.Iwasadvisedtoaimforgraduatestudies,andinlessthantwoyears,IhadahighlyspecializeddegreeinplasticsengineeringfromoneofthemostreputableuniversitiesintheU.S.ThenIfoundacorporatejob,performedwellintheorganization,climbeduptheladder,andmadeabiggerpaychequewitheverynewtitle.Myproudparentstoldmystorytotherestofthefamilyandfriendsasa“success”story.Nomatterwhereweliveintheworld,weallhaveourownversionsofsuccess.Ourfamiliestakeprideintellingtheworldhowsuccessfulweareinourprofession,andoftentheonlymeasureofthatsuccessbecomesthefinancialwealthweaccumulate.Inaworldwhereeverythingisreflectedbynumbers—thelikesonFacebook,thenumberofviewsonYouTube,etc.—everyaspectofourlifeisbeingtakenoverbynumbers.Weareconditionedtobelievethatthestrongeryourfinancialstanding,thehigheryourankonthesuccesschart.Butrememberthewords,“aim”or“purpose,”inthedefinitionofsuccess.AltruisticfiguressuchasMotherTeresa,MahatmaGandhiandMartinLutherKingJr.alsolivedsuccessfullivesbuthadselflessconcernoverthewell-beingofothers.Whiletherestoftheworldfocusedonaccumulatingwealth,theyfocusedongiving,doing,andcreatingforeveryoneelse.Wealthaloneneverwillbethemeasureofsuccess.Thinkbeyondprofits.NopromotionorpayraiseIeverreceivedinmyprofessionalcareerwasbecauseofmydeepdesiretoobtainabettertitleorhigherpay;instead,itwasbasedontheexcellenceIcreatedintheexperienceourcustomershadwiththeorganization.1、Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor?A．Hehasliveduptohisfamily’sexpectations.B．Heaskshisparentsforadviceoneverything.C．Hedoesn’tlikehisjobthoughheiswellpaid.D．Hewantedtobeadoctorbutbecameachemicalengineer.2、What’sthecommonawarenessofsuccessaroundtheworld?A．Socialconnections.B．Contributionstosociety.C．Theaccumulationoffinancialwealth.D．Theaccomplishmentofpersonaldreams.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Altruistic”inParagraph3mean?A．Ofabundantwealth.B．Offewachievements.C．Devotedtoothers’welfare.D．Focusedonpersonalwell-being.4、Whatinspirationcanbedrawnfromtheauthor’sworkingexperience?A．Changejobsfrequentlyforhigherpay.B．Aimatprovidingqualityserviceatwork.C．Takeeverychancetogetpromotion.D．Focusonmakingprofitsfromthecustomers.5、What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplorethetruemeaningofsuccess.B．Toexpresshisinnervoicestohisparents.C．Toacknowledgethehelphehasreceivedinhislife.D．Tosharehispersonalexperienceforothers’reference.Text3TimeTravelIfyoucouldtravelintime,wherewouldyougo?PerhapsyouwouldwatchanoriginalperformanceofaShakespeare’splayinElizabethanEngland?WhatabouthangingoutwithLaoziintheSpringandAutumnPeriod?Ormaybeyou'dvoyagefaraheadofthepresentdaytoseewhatthefutureholds.Thepossibilityoftimetravelisindeedappealing.Storiesexploringthesubjecthavebeenaroundforhundredsofyears.Perhapsthebestknownexampleissciencefictionnovel.TheTimeMachine,whichwaswrittenbyH.G.Wellsandpublishedin1895forthefirsttime.Itwasadaptedintoatleasttwofeaturefilmsofthesamename,aswellastwotelevisionversions,andalargenumberofcomicbookadaptations.Itisgenerallycreditedwiththepopularizationoftheconceptoftimetravelusingavehiclethatallowsanoperatortotravelpurposefullyandselectively.Theterm"timemachine",coinedbyWells,isnowuniversallyusedtorefertoavehicletransportingpeopleintothefarfuture.Butcouldtimetravelactuallybepossible?Somescientistssayyes,intheory.Theyproposeusingcracksintimeandspacecalled“wormholes”,whichcouldbeusedasshortcutstootherperiods.Einstein’stheoryofrelativityallowstimetravelinextremecircumstances.AndBritishphysicistStephenHawkingsaysyoucouldtravelintothefuturewithareallyfastspaceshipgoingatnearlythespeedoflight.Thoughbuildingsuchaspaceshipwouldofcoursebenosimpletask.Evenifyoucouldtravelintothepast,thereissomethingcalledthe“grandfatherparadox”.Itaskswhatwouldhappenifatimetravelerweretogobackintimeandhavehisowngrandfatherkilledforsomereason,andthereforepreventhimselffrombeingborn.Ifthetimetravelerwasn’tborn,howwouldhetravelbackintime?Andwouldyoureallyliketovisitthefuture?InH.G.Wells’book,themaincharactertravelsintodistanttimewherehearrivesatabeachandisattackedbygiantcrabs.Hethenvoyages2millionyearsintothefuturewheretheonlylivingthingisablackobjectwithtentacles(触角).Ifthat’swhat’sinstore,maybewearebetterjustlivinginthepresentdayafterall.1、ThenovelTheTimeMachinementionedinParagraph2aimstoshow______.A．thecontributionofH.G.Wells B．thestory’sdifferentfeaturesC．thelonghistoryoftimetravel D．people’sinterestintimemachine2、Einstein’sandHawking’stheories_____.A．suggestthepossibilitytoinventthetimemachineB．pushtheinventionofthefirstspaceshipC．haveprovedwrongbysometimetravelersD．havesimilaritiesinmanyway3、InParagraph4,“grandfatherparadox”probablyreferstotheideathat______.A．thetravelerispreventedfrommeetinghisgrandfatherB．thegrandfather’sdeathmakesthetraveler’sbirthimpossibleC．thetravelergoesbackintimetoseekforhisgrandfatherD．thereunionofthetravelerandhisgrandfatherbringshappiness4、Accordingtothepassage,whatisprobablytheauthor’sattitudetowardstimetravel?A．Skeptical. B．Unclear.C．Supportive. D．Unconcerned.Text4EntrepreneurandCEOofTeslaandSpaceX,EldonMuskmayhavealittlemoretimeonhishands,ashe’sleavinghispositionontheboardoftheOpenAl,accordingtoablogpost.ThedepartureislikelytheresultofTesla’smovingintothefieldofArtificialIntelligence(AI)，whichhesaidin2017wouldbethe“bestintheworld”andwouldevenbeableto“predictyourdestination,”Muskwillcontinueto“donateandadvisetheorganization,”OpenAIsaidinablogpostonFeb.20,addingthat“AsTeslacontinuestobecomemorefocusedonAI,thiswillavoidapotentialfutureconflictforEldon.MuskandYCombinerCEOSamAltmancofoundedthenonprofitenterpriseinDecember2015,itsmissionistodevelopsafeartificialgeneralintelligenceandensurethosedevelopmentsaremadepublic.OpenAIresearcherspublishedapaperonthesiteArXiv,org,detailingthepossiblesecurethreatsthatcomewith“malicious”AI.Infact,Muskhasheardthe“evilAI”alarmseveraltimes,OnAug.11，2017,hewarnedthatartificialintelligenceposesabiggerthreattohumanity,andhetoldagatheringofstategovernorsthatthegovernmentneedstoregulateAlbeforerobotsstart“killingpeople.”Musk’sdeparturefromtheOpenAIboardcouldmeanbigthingsforTesla.AsEtonGoodbye,afinancialreporter,notedonFuturism,themove“couldsignalthatTeslaismoredeeplycommittedtotheirownAIprojectsthanwethought.”Headded,“Thosewhohavehadtheirearstoanyrumors(谣言)thatTeslaisreadytodelivervehiclescapableofLevel5autonomycouldtakethisnewOpenAldevelopmentasasignthatthecompanyisinchingclosertothatunapproachablegoal,”Nocompanyhasreachedthatlevelofautonomy,whichmeansthatadriverlesscarcouldnavigateanyroadunderanyconditionsandthatallthehuman“driver”wouldneedtodoistoinputadestination.1、WhydoesEldonMuskleavehisposition?A．TocreatesaferAI.B．TobuildpowerfulInternet.C．Todevelopsocialcommunication.D．ToavoidapossibleconflictwithTesla.2、WhatistheEldonMusk’sattitudetowardstheAI?A．Ambiguous.B．Supportive.C．Negative.D．Sympathetic.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“malicious”inParagraph3mean?A．Poisonous.B．Unpopular.C．Advanced.D．Traditional.4、WhatcanweinferfromEtonGoodbye’scomments?A．Level5autonomyisimpossible.B．TherumorsaboutTeslaismeaningless.C．HehasnoconfidenceinOpenAI.D．Level5autonomycouldsethumandriversfree.PartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)LiBaiwasaChinesepoetpraisedfromhisowndaytothepresentasaromanticfigure1．tooktraditionalpoeticformstonewheightsThirty-fourofhispoemsareincludedinThreeHundredTangPoems2．(he)earlypoetrytookplaceinthe“goldenage”ofTangdynastyThisallchangedsuddenlywhenallofnorthernChina3．(destroy)bywarFortunately,manyofhispoems4．(survive)eversince,enjoyinglastingpopularityinChinaandelsewhereDietshavechangedinChina—andsotoohasitstopcropSince2011,thecountry1．（grow）morecornthanriceCornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover2．past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percentAtasteformeatis3．(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattleAnotherreasonforcorn'srise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice4．(improve)waterqualityCornuseslesswater5．riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoffThisswitchhasdecreased6．(pollute)inthecountry'smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeopleAccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal7．(globe)fertilizerconsumptionTheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005—whenthegovernment8．(start)asoil-testingprogram9．givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers-and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby10．7milliontonsThatpreventedtheemission(排放)of11．8milliontonsofcarbondioxideChina'sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile12．(feed)itscitizens"offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide"saysthebank'sJuergenVoegeleSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根据对话情景和内容,从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有两个为多余选项（请把此题的答案涂在答题卡相应的位置；E选项涂为A,B；F选项涂为A,C；G选项涂为A,D）Journalist:Hi!MayIaskyousomequestions?HeadTeacher:Sure!Journalist:Inwhatwayisyourschooldifferentfromothers?HeadTeacher:1、Afewchildrenarephysicallydisabledandsomeothershavelearningdifficulties.Wehavefasterandslowerlearners.Journalist:Andisyourstheonlyschoollikethis?HeadTeacher:2、Disabledchildrenwereusuallysenttospecialschools.Theygrewupinadifferentworld.Journalist:3、.HeadTeacher:Werealizeddisabledchildrenhadnoknowledgeofchildreninordinaryschools.Theoppositewasalsotrue.Butallhumanbeingsshouldgrowtogether.Journalist:Dotheslowerlearnersholdupthefasterlearners?HeadTeacher:4、Forsomeclasses,theyareseparated.Inotherclassestheyworktogether.Journalist:5、HeadTeacher:Well.Thefasterbecomeskilledasteacherswhenhelpingtheslower.Thusthefasterlearnersalsodoataskmorequicklyandbetter.Journalist:Thankyou!HeadTeacher:Youarewelcome.A．Ourschoolisforallchildren.B．Well,oursistheonlyschoolbuiltfordisabledchildren.C．That’scorrect.D．Whatmadeyoudecidetostartthisnewschool?E.No.F.Howdoesthatwork?G.Wheredotheyhaveclass?Whenlivingoutourdailylives,we'reoftenfilledwithtoomanychoicesfromdifferentthingsaroundus,tellingushowwecanimproveourselves.1、ToomuchchoiceisneveridealWe'reoftentoldthathavingmorewouldleadtohappinesswheninactualface,t