山东省泰安市高三下学期一模英语试题

高三一轮检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动.用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVolunteersinPolicing（Vips）arebasedinpolicewheretheyworktodealwithcustomerservice,munitysafetyandcrimepreventionneedsinthemunity.Therangeoftaskstheyundertakeplements（补充）therolesandresponsibilitiesofpaidpoliceofficersandstaffmembers.Whytovolunteer?VolunteeringyourtimeasaVipoffersyoutheopportunityto:•Helppoliceofficersreducecrimeandimprovemunitysafety•Gainpersonalsatisfactionandasenseofpridethatefromdoingsomethingworthwhileforyourmunity•Useyourexistingknowledgetohelpothersandgainvaluablenewskills•Meetnewpeople,makenewfriendsandgettoknowyourlocalmunity•GainvaluableworkexperienceandimproveyouremploymentprospectsWhataretherequirementsfortheprogram?Applicantsmustmeetthefollowingrequirementsfortheprogram:•Be18yearsoldandover•Willingtoparticipateinanecessarytrainingprogram•AgreetotheQueenslandPoliceServicecarryingoutacriminalhistorycheck•Preparedtoparticipateintheprogramforatleast12monthsHowdoIjointheprogram?VolunteersinterestedinjoiningtheprogramcancontacttheDistrictCrimePreventionCoordinatorfortheareainwhichtheylivetogetanapplicationformandfurtherinformationabouttheprogram.Thesecontactdetailscanbefoundonthe“ContactDetails”link.Alternatively,applicantscanpletetheapplicationformbelowandsendittothedistrictofficeinpersonorbymail.Pleasenote:Electronicformswillnotbeacceptedandtheformmustbeprintedbeforesigning.1.WhichofthefollowingisthebenefitofbeingaVip?A.Gainingmoreskillsandworkexperience.B.Beingrichandfamoussoon.C.Gainingsatisfactionfromfamily.D.Gettingajobofferfromthelocalgovernment.2.IfyouwanttobeaVip,youmust________.A.possessrelatedexperienceB.carryoutacriminalhistorycheckinadvanceC.promisetoworkthereforovertwoyearsD.agreetoreceivetraining3.Whataretheapplicantsrequiredtodotojointheprogram?A.Gotothedistrictofficeinperson.B.Handinapaperapplicationform.C.FillinaformontheContactDetails'link.D.Sendanemailtointroduceoneselfbriefly.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章就为警察局招募志愿服务人员的事项从为什么要招志愿者、具体要求和怎么申报三方面做了说明。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一部分“Whytovolunteer?”中的第三点“Useyourexistingknowledgetohelpothersandgainvaluablenewskills”（用你现有的知识去帮助他人，并能获得珍贵的新的技能）和第五点“Gainvaluableworkexperienceandimproveyouremploymentprospects”（获得宝贵的工作经历，改善你的就业前途）可知，在警察局作志愿者的好处是获得更多技能和工作经验。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二部分“Whataretherequirementsfortheprogram?”中的第二点“Willingtoparticipateinanecessarytrainingprogram”（愿意参加一个必要的培训项目）可知，D项“agreetoreceivetraining”（同意接受培训）与原文表述一致。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Alternatively,applicantscanpletetheapplicationformbelowandsendittothedistrictofficeinpersonorbymail.Pleasenote:Electronicformswillnotbeacceptedandtheformmustbeprintedbeforesigning.”（或者，申请者可以完成下面的表格，然后亲自送到区办公室或把表格邮寄过去。请注意：拒收电子表格，表格须先打印，然后签名。）可知，申请者必须上交纸质申请表，B项符合原文意思。故选B。【点睛】本文就志愿者服务报名申请事项作了说明，提倡志愿者精神，培养学生的利他意识，发挥自身价值，也从中受益，锻炼自己能力。三小题都是细节理解题，考察学生的信息筛选能力。BAmandaKofoedshadfoundastrangelumpinherarmonedayandvisitedadoctoratafriend'surging.Duringthistime,shewasenrolledinschoolforeducationandwascurrentlyuninsuredduetotheexpense.Sheplannedtosavemoneysoshecouldgetonherhusband'sinsuranceandthenseekmedicaltreatmentforthecancer.Herfriendsandfamilydidn'twanthertopostponehertreatmentduetotheexpense.TheytookmattersintotheirownhandsandstartedaGoFundMecampaign.Thefriendcameupwiththecreativeideatospreadthewordandinvitefamily,friends,andstrangerswhowantedtohelptoparticipateinadonationflashmob(快闪行动).Theeventstartedanoutpouringofenormousgenerosityfromthelocalmunity.AmandaandherhusbandClinttearedupasthecrowdpassedbyandthedonationspouredin.Thegenerousactofkindnessgavethefamilyaforting,andoptimisticfeelingduringatimewhenallhopeseemedlost.ClintsaidthatAmandastruggledwiththeideaofaskingforhelp.Shefeltguiltyandundeservingparedtootherswhoarealsostruggling.Inthetimesince,Amandahasenrolledinaninsuranceplanandhasfinishedchemotherapy.Lifeforthefamilyhasstartedgettingbacktotheirnormalroutine.OnceAmandagotherstrengthback,shereturnedtoschoolandpletedherbachelor'sdegreeineducation.Sheisnowateacher.Shesaidtheexperiencemotivatedhertoinstill(灌输)thevalueofcharityinherchildren.Thefamilyisnowinspiredtovolunteerintheirlocalneighborhoodandcontributetocrowdfunding(众筹)efforts.Theyaregratefulfortheopportunitytogivebackandhelpothersasmanyhavehelpedthem.Thecouplesaidtheyfeelblessedbythestrongsupport.PassItOnwantstocelebratethoseheroesduringthefamily'sdarkesttime.Theseindividualsperfectlydemonstratethevalueofmunity.Itiswiththehelpoftheirgenerositythatthefamilyisnowhappy,healthyandwhole.4.WhydidAmandaKofoedspostponehertreatment?A.Shewasadmittedtoaschool.B.Herfamilycouldn'taffordthemedicalcost.C.Nogooddoctorscouldtreathercancer.D.Herfriendsandfamilyrefusedtoassisther.5.WhatdidherfriendsdotohelpAmandaKofoeds?A.Theystartedadonationflashmob.B.Theyfoundedamunityschool.C.Theysupportedherthroughlocalhospitals.D.Theyfoughtforassistancefromthewholecountry.6.Whichwordbestdescribesthecouple'sfeelingwhenstronglysupported?A.Guilty. B.Satisfied. C.Anxious. D.Grateful.7.WhatcanwelearnfromAmandaKofoeds'story?A.Hardworkpaysoff.B.Thevalueofcharityisgreat.C.Educationisthekeytosuccess.D.Afriendisneverknowntillamanhasneed.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Amanda患癌后经济拮据，推迟学业，推迟治疗，她的朋友们知道后为她组织了快速众筹行动，亲人朋友们很快筹到钱治病。现在他们一家感恩，做志愿者回报社会。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Sheplannedtosavemoneysoshecouldgetonherhusband'sinsuranceandthenseekmedicaltreatmentforthecancer.(她计划省钱，这样她就可以买丈夫的保险，然后就可以为癌症看病了)”及第二段“Herfriendsandfamilydidn'twanthertopostponehertreatmentduetotheexpense.(她的朋友和家人不希望她因为费用问题而推迟治疗)”可知，Amanda经济拮据，负担不起治疗费用。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thefriendcameupwiththecreativeideatospreadthewordandinvitefamily,friends,andstrangerswhowantedtohelptoparticipateinadonationflashmob(快闪行动).(有朋友想出了一个创意，想要传播这个消息，邀请想帮忙的家人、朋友和陌生人参加一个捐赠快闪会)”可知，朋友们为她举行了一下慈善捐款快闪行动。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Shesaidtheexperiencemotivatedhertoinstill(灌输)thevalueofcharityinherchildren.Thefamilyisnowinspiredtovolunteerintheirlocalneighborhoodandcontributetocrowdfunding(众筹)efforts.Theyaregratefulfortheopportunitytogivebackandhelpothersasmanyhavehelpedthem.(她说这次经历促使她灌输慈善的价值给孩子们。现在全家被鼓舞当志愿者在当地社区,为众筹努力。他们很感激有机会回报别人，帮助别人，就像很多人曾经帮助过他们一样)”可知，Amanda夫妇很感恩。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theseindividualsperfectlydemonstratethevalueofmunity.Itiswiththehelpoftheirgenerositythatthefamilyisnowhappy,healthyandwhole.(这些人完美地展示了社区的价值。正是由于他们的慷慨相助，这个家庭现在才幸福、健康、完整)”并结合全文可知，全文主旨，慈善的价值是巨大的。故选B项。CZeroemissionlargepassengeraircraftpoweredbyhydrogenwillbetechnicallyavailableinfiveyears,accordingtoAirbus,buttheywillnotenterserviceforatleastadecadeasthepriceofthefuelneedstoedown.ThepredictionesfromGlennLlewellyn,vicepresidentofzeroemissiontechnologyatthepanEuropeanplanemaker.HesaidthatwhileAirbusplannedtodemonstratehydrogenpoweredaircraftin2025,overthenext10years,hydrogenwon'tbemoreeconomicthanthefossilfuelequivalent.“Tomakerealemissionsfreehydrogenpoweredplanes,whichgiveoutonlywaterandheat,theirfuelneedstoefromhydrogenproducedviarenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar,”headded.Anotherbarrierisbuildinguptheecosystemthathydrogenaircraftwillneed”.However,MrLlewellynpredictedthattherewasenoughinterestinthesectortomakethishappen.Inaninterview,MrLlewellynsaid,“Wealreadyseemassiveincreasesintheamountofrenewableenergybeingproducedacrosstheworld.Windenergyproductionhasmultipliedbytwooverthelastfiveyearsandsolarenergyproductionhasmultipliedbyfour.”Headded,“Thereareanumberofindependentinstitutesthathavemappedouthowhydrogencostscanedownoverthenextdecades.Weseea30%reductioninrenewablehydrogencostsin2030paredtowhereitistoday,anda50%reductioninrenewablehydrogencostsby2050.Theyareexactlythekindofcostfiguresthatareinterestingforus,becauseitmakeszeroemissionaircraftmerciallyviable（可行的）inthe2030s.”LastmonthUKbasedZeroAviaconductedtheworld’sfirstflightofamercialgradeaircraftpoweredbyhydrogen.Afewdaysbefore,Airbusannouncedaseriesofdesignproposalsforhydrogendrivenaircraft,includinga“blendedwing”conceptthatprovidesgreaterstoragecapacity.Thisdesigncouldbekeytohydrogenpoweredaircraftasthefuelislessenergydense（密度大）thanconventionalfuelandsorequiresmorespacetomatchperformanceofexistingairplanes.8.Whichcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?AApredictionaboutZeroemissionaircraft.B.Zeroemissionlargeaircraftwillbeavailable.C.HowZeroemissionlargeaircraftwillbemade.D.ThebarrierstomakeZeroemissionlargeaircraft.9.WhatdoesParagraph2focuson?A.Thefuturetomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.B.Theimportancetomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.C.Theproblemstomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.D.Thepossibilitytomakehydrogenpoweredaircraft.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“capacity"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Space. B.Ability. C.Place. D.11.WhatisMrLlewellyn'sattitudetowardsthefutureofZeroemissionlargeaircraft?A.Cautious. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】本文为说明文。文章说明了制造以氢气为动力的零排放大型客机目前所遇到的问题以及它的前景。【8题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段首句“Zeroemissionlargepassengeraircraftpoweredbyhydrogenwillbetechnicallyavailableinfiveyears,accordingtoAirbus,buttheywillnotenterserviceforatleastadecadeasthepriceofthefuelneedstoedown.（根据空中客车公司的说法，零排放氢动力大型客机技术上将在五年内投入使用，但由于燃料价格需要下降，它们至少在10年内不会投入使用）”；第三段“However,MrLlewellynpredictedthattherewasenoughinterestinthesectortomakethishappen.（然而，卢埃林预计，人们对该行业的兴趣足够大，足以实现这一目标）”以及最后一段“LastmonthUKbasedZeroAviaconductedtheworld’sfirstflightofamercialgradeaircraftpoweredbyhydrogen.（上个月，总部位于英国的ZeroAvia完成了全球首架氢动力商业级飞机的飞行）”可知，文章主要讲述了尽管面临一些困难，但零排放的大型飞机有望在将来成为现实。故B项“零排放的大型飞机将会出现”适合作为文章的标题。故选B项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“HesaidthatwhileAirbusplannedtodemonstratehydrogenpoweredaircraftin2025,overthenext10years,hydrogenwon'tbemoreeconomicthanthefossilfuelequivalent.“Tomakerealemissionsfreehydrogenpoweredplanes,whichgiveoutonlywaterandheat,theirfuelneedstoefromhydrogenproducedviarenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar,”headded.Anotherbarrierisbuildinguptheecosystemthathydrogenaircraftwillneed”.（他说，尽管空中客车公司计划在2025年展示氢动力飞机，但在未来10年，氢不会比化石燃料更经济。他补充说:“要制造真正的无排放的氢动力飞机，这种飞机只释放水和热，它们的燃料需要来自风能和太阳能等可再生资源产生的氢。”另一个障碍是建立氢飞机所需的生态系统。”）”可知，无排放的氢动力飞机的燃料成本高，建立氢动力飞机的生态系统也是个问题。由此可知，第二段重点讲制造氢动力飞机的问题。故选C项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Afewdaysbefore,Airbusannouncedaseriesofdesignproposalsforhydrogendrivenaircraft,includinga“blendedwing”conceptthatprovidesgreaterstoragecapacity.Thisdesigncouldbekeytohydrogenpoweredaircraftasthefuelislessenergydensethanconventionalfuelandsorequiresmorespacetomatchperformanceofexistingairplanes.（几天前，空中客车公司宣布了一系列氢驱动飞机的设计方案，包括提供更大存储capacity的“混合机翼”概念。这种设计可能是氢动力飞机的关键，因为这种燃料的能量密度比传统燃料低，因此需要更多的空间来匹配现有飞机的性能）”可知，空中客车公司提出了“blendedwing”计划，后句对该设计的原因进行解释，因为这种燃料的能量密度比传统燃料低，因此需要更多的空间来匹配现有飞机的性能，而“blendedwing”设计可以提供更大的储存空间。由此推知“capacity”意为空间，与space同义。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“However,MrLlewellynpredictedthattherewasenoughinterestinthesectortomakethishappen.（然而，卢埃林预计，人们对该行业的兴趣足够大，足以实现这一目标。）”和“Inaninterview,MrLlewellynsaid,“Wealreadyseemassiveincreasesintheamountofrenewableenergybeingproducedacrosstheworld.（卢埃林在接受采访时表示:“我们已经看到，全球可再生能源产量大幅增加。”）”以及“Theyareexactlythekindofcostfiguresthatareinterestingforus,becauseitmakeszeroemissionaircraftmerciallyviableinthe2030s.（这正是我们感兴趣的成本数字，因为这使得零排放飞机在本世纪30年代具有商业可行性。）”可知，MrLlewellyn认为全球可再生能源产量大幅增加，飞机的燃料成本降低，使得零排放飞机在本世纪30年代具有商业可行性。由此推知，MrLlewellyn对未来的零排放大型飞机的态度是积极乐观的。故选D项。DWhenBritishmusicianPaulBartonperformsincentralThailandlately,hisenergeticlistenersreactwildly.Somepullhishairorjumponhispiano.Othersstealhismusicpapers.Thebehaviorisnormal,however,becausethesecrowdsaretrulywild—wildmonkeystobeexact.BartonplaysoftentotheanimalsinLopburi,anareaknownforitspopulationsofwildmacaquemonkeys.Thepianisthopesthemusicshowsbringcalmtotheanimalsduringthecoronaviruscrisis.Thediseasehascausedproblemsforthemonkeys,too.Theyarehungry.Therestrictionsontourismmeanfewerpeopleetoseethemonkeysandfeedthem.“Weneedtomakeanefforttomakesurethattheyeatproperly.Andwhentheyeatproperlytheywillbecalmerandwillnotbeaggressive,”saidBarton,59,alongtimeThailandresident.BartonhasplayedatfoursitesinLopburi,includingatanancientHindutemple,astoreandanoldmovietheater.ThemacaquesquicklysurroundBartonwhenheplaysGreensleeves,Beethoven’sFurEliseandMichaelNyman’sDiaryofLove.Someofthecreaturessitonhischair,whileothersclimbuphisbodyandtouchhishead.“Awonderfulopportunitytoseethewildanimalsjustbeingthemselves.”saidBarton,fromYorkshireinnorthernEngland.But,Bartonkeepshisattentiononhisperformance,evenasasmallmonkeyrunsoverhishandsontheinstrument.Othermonkeystakecontrolofhismusicpapers.“IwassurprisedtoplaythepianoandfindthattheywereactuallyeatingthemusicasIwasplayingit.But,”headded,“Iwasn’tgoingtoletthosethingsdistractfromtheprojectwhichistoplaythemusicforthesewonderfulmacaques.”ThemonkeysareBarton’slatestanimalfans.Pastwildlifeaudiencesincludedelephantslivinginspecialprotectedareas.Bartonhopestoraiseawarenessofthemonkeys’hunger.Atthesametime,hehopestostudytheirbehaviorastheyreacttoclassicalmusic.12.WhyistheauthornotsurprisedatBarton’saudience’srudereaction?A.PaulBartonperformedbadly.B.Theaudiencearemonkeysinthezoo.C.Theaudiencearemonkeysinthewild.D.Themonkeysareinfectedbythecoronavirus.13.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthecoronavirus?A.Itcausednotroubleforthemonkeys.B.ItaffectedThailand’stourismseriously.C.Itmadewildmonkeyslivemorehappily.D.Itmadewildmonkeyseatmoreproperly.14.WhatdoesBartonconsiderhisperformancehimself?A.Tobeagoodopportunitytosavewildanimals.B.Tobeagoodopportunitytorestrictwildanimals.C.Tobeagoodchancetotamewildanimals.D.Tobeagoodchancetoobservewildanimals.15.WhatdoesParagraph5mainlytalkabout?A.ThepastperformancesofBarton.B.Barton’seffortstoprotectclassicalmusic.C.ThepurposeofBarton’sperformance.D.Barton'sresearchonmonkeys’behavior.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一位音乐人在疫情期间，动物园游人很少的情况下，为猴子演奏，希望给他们带来情绪的安宁正常进食的故事。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thebehaviorisnormal,however,becausethesecrowdsaretrulywild—wildmonkeystobeexact.(然而，这种行为很正常，因为这些观众是真正的野生群体——确切地说，是野生猴子)”可推断，作者认为这种行为是正常的，对它们的粗鲁行为并不令人吃惊，因为它们是野生猴子。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thediseasehascausedproblemsforthemonkeys,too.Theyarehungry.Therestrictionsontourismmeanfewerpeopleetoseethemonkeysandfeedthem.(这次疫情也给猴子带来了麻烦。没人投喂他们。对旅游业的限制意味着游客和给猴子喂食的人员会减少)”可知，新冠疫情严重影响泰国的旅游业。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的““Awonderfulopportunitytoseethewildanimalsjustbeingthemselves.”saidBarton,fromYorkshireinnorthernEngland.(“这是一个观察野生猴子表现自我的绝佳机会。”来自英格兰北部约克郡的巴顿说)”可知，巴顿认为他自己的表演是观察野生动物的好机会。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段的内容““IwassurprisedtoplaythepianoandfindthattheywereactuallyeatingthemusicasIwasplayingit.But,”headded,“Iwasn’tgoingtoletthosethingsdistractfromtheprojectwhichistoplaythemusicforthesewonderfulmacaques.”(“我很惊讶地发现，当我弹奏的时候，它们竟然沉浸在音乐中。但是，”他补充说，“我不会让这些事情影响为这些可爱的猕猴演奏音乐。”)”可推断，本段主要介绍了巴顿表演的目的。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onlinecoursescanbeagreatwaytolearn.They’requitehelpfulifyou’reabusycollegestudentwhotriestobalancecourseworkwithajob.____16____Buthowcanyousuccessfullyfinishanonlinecourse?Makesureyoucanreliablygetonline.Ensurethatyouhavechancestoworkonlineforseveralhoursatatime.It'sbestifyouhavehighspeedInternetathome.That’sbecausemostonlinecoursesincludematerialslikevideos.____17____Readthesyllabus（教学大纲）.____18____Itwillcontainimportantinformationsuchastheprofessor’semailaddressandofficehours.Thesyllabuswillalsoprovideinformationabouttherequiredcoursematerials.Ifyou’rewonderingwhatbookstobuy,thesyllabuswilltellyou.Makeatimetable.Withonlinecourses,youcanpletetheworkonyourowntime.However,youstillneedtocreateaplanandmanageyourtimeproperlytofinishthecourse.____19____Forexample,youcouldchoosetodevoteTuesdaysandThursdaysfrom78pmtoworkingonyourclass.Behaveproperlyinclass.How?Addressyourclassmatesandyourprofessorbytheirnameortitle.Anddonotbedisrespectfultoothers.Forexample,duringdiscussionavoidsaying,“That'’sastupidstatement.”Instead,justsay,“Idisagreebecause…"Disagreementisfine.____20____A.Sochoosetimefortheclass.B.Sosetasidetimefortheclass.C.Disagreementhelpsformone’sownview.D.Makeyourpointsinapoliteway,however.E.Youwillwantthesecoursematerialstobeloadedquickly.F.They’realsoagreatchoiceifyoucan’toftengettocampus.G.It’screatedbytheprofessortoserveasaguideforthecourse.【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.B20.D【解析】本文为应用文。文章说明了成功地完成一门在线课程的一些方法。【16题详解】上文“Onlinecoursescanbeagreatwaytolearn.They’requitehelpfulifyou’reabusycollegestudentwhotriestobalancecourseworkwithajob.（网络课程是一个很好的学习方式。如果你是一个忙着平衡学业和工作的大学生，它们是非常有用的）”说明了网络学习对于平衡学业和工作的大学生来说非常有用。F选项“They’realsoagreatchoiceifyoucan’toftengettocampus.（如果你不能经常去学校，它们也是一个不错的选择）”说明了网络学习对于平衡学业和工作，不能经常去学校的学生来说是很不错的选择。F项起到承接呼应上文的作用。故选F项。【17题详解】上文“It’sbestifyouhavehighspeedInternetathome.That’sbecausemostonlinecoursesincludematerialslikevideos.（如果你家里有高速网络，那就最好了。这是因为大多数在线课程都包括视频之类的材料）”说明了家里有高速网络有助于学习在线课程。E项“Youwillwantthesecoursematerialstobeloadedquickly.（你会希望这些课程材料能够快速加载）说明了家里有高速网络快速加载学习材料可以方便学习。”E选项起到承接呼应上文的作用。故选E项。【18题详解】由标题Readthesyllabus（教学大纲）可知，G项“It’screatedbytheprofessortoserveasaguideforthecourse.（它是由教授创建的，作为这门课程的指南）”It指教学大纲，G项说明了教学大纲的设立者和作用，起到引起下文的作用。下文“Itwillcontainimportantinformationsuchastheprofessor'semailaddressandofficehours.（它将包含重要的信息，如教授的电子邮件地址和办公时间）”说明了教学大纲包含的信息、作用，呼应G项。故选G项。【19题详解】上文“However,youstillneedtocreateaplanandmanageyourtimeproperlytofinishthecourse.（然而，你仍然需要制定一个计划，合理地管理你的时间来完成课程）”说明了需要安排时间完成课程。B选项“Sosetasidetimefortheclass.（所以要留出时间来上课）”呼应上文，与上文为因果关系。下文“Forexample,youcouldchoosetodevoteTuesdaysandThursdaysfrom78pmtoworkingonyourclass.（例如，你可以选择周二和周四晚上7点到8点的时间来学习你的课程）”对B选项举例说明。故选B项。【20题详解】标题“Behaveproperlyinclass.（在课堂上举止得体）”和下文“Addressyourclassmatesandyourprofessorbytheirnameortitle.Anddonotbedisrespectfultoothers.（称呼同学和教授的名字或头衔。不要对别人不尊重）”说明了要尊重别人，行为有礼貌。D选项“Makeyourpointsinapoliteway,however.（但是，要用礼貌的方式表达你的观点）”说明了言谈举止要礼貌，符合段落主旨，呼应标题。故选D项。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ineverreallyenjoyedrunning.Butmy___21___withrunninghaschanged.I’ma___22___livinginLondon.Whenmymombecameillwithcancerandtherewasno___23___ofherlivingmuchlonger,IdecidedtomovebacktoHarrogate.Myworkasamusiciandidn't___24___andIjustwantedtobewithmymother.Ihavebeen___25___psychotherapy（心理治疗）formorethanthreeyears,whichhashelpedwithmyanxiety,butbackinHarrogate,I___26___todosomethingelsepositiveformyself,aslookingaftermymother___27___me.Iwantedtodosomethingphysicalandrunning___28___thatneed.Gettingupbeforesixwas___29___forme.ButImademyselfgorunningthreetimesaweek.Afterstartinglastsummer,Iwouldrunwith___30___membersandtalkaboutmymomwiththoseI’dknownbetter.Ithelpedmeputmy___31___intherightplacetofaceanotherday.Andithelpedmeprocessmyfeelingsaftermymom___32___inOctober.Althoughtherapyhasbeenthe___33___forallthepositivethingsinmylife,runninghasaddedtothat.Together,theyhavechangedmy___34___tolifeandI'mnowlessanxiousthanIwas.Whilerunning,IfeelgroundedandIliveinthe___35___.21.A.relationship B.impression C.munication D.experience22.A.professor B.musician C.dancer D.educator23.A.doubt B.question C.idea D.hope24.A.improve B.mind C.matter D.help25.A.turningto B.pickingup C.givingup D.lookingfor26.A.promised B.thought C.continued D.decided27.A.delighted B.upset C.relaxed D.discouraged28.A.brought B.balanced C.filled D.reduced29.A.unusual B.impossible C.amazing D.fortable30.A.mon B.regular C.ordinary D.strange31.A.hands B.eyes C.mind D.head32.A.passedaway B.passedby C.recovered D.survived33.A.purpose B.foundation C.design D.procedure34.A.decision B.confidence C.attitude D.advice35.A.dream B.past C.memory D.present【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.B28.C29.A30.B31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【解析】【分析】本文为记叙文。文章讲述了从不喜欢跑步的作者因照顾母亲以及后来母亲去世而焦虑，情绪低落，从而开始跑步缓解情况。最后，心理治疗和跑步使得作者改变了对生活的态度，积极面对生活，不再焦虑。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我和跑步的关系已经改变了。A.relationship关系；B.impression印象；C.munication交流；D.experience经验。前文说作者以前从不喜欢跑步，转折连词“But”表明作者和跑步之间的关系发生了转变。故选A项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是住在伦敦的音乐家。A.professor教授；B.musician音乐家；C.dancer舞者；D.educator教育工作者。根据后文“Myworkasamusician”可知，作者是一名音乐家。故选B项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我母亲得了癌症，活不了多久了，我决定搬回哈罗盖特。A.doubt怀疑；B.question问题；C.idea想法；D.hope希望。根据“mymombecameillwithcancer”可知，作者母亲得了癌症，没有希望可以活多久了。故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个音乐家，我的工作并不重要，我只想和我的母亲在一起。A.improve提高；B.mind介意；C.matter有关系，要紧；D.help帮助。根据后文“Ijustwantedtobewithmymother”可知，面对母亲的情况，作者只想陪着母亲，觉得工作并没有陪伴母亲重要。故选C项。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：三年多来，我一直在寻求心理治疗，这帮助我缓解了焦虑，但回到哈罗盖特后，我决定为自己做一些其他积极的事情，因为照顾母亲让我心烦。A.turningto求助于，变成；B.pickingup捡起；C.givingup放弃；D.lookingfor寻找。根据后文“psychotherapy（心理治疗）formorethanthreeyears”可知，作者寻求心理治疗。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年多来，我一直在寻求心理治疗，这帮助我缓解了焦虑，但回到哈罗盖特后，我决定为自己做一些其他积极的事情，因为照顾母亲让我心烦。A.promised承诺；B.thought思考；C.continued继续；D.decided决定。根据后文“todosomethingelsepositiveformyself,aslookingaftermymother7me.”可知，作者因照顾母亲觉得心烦意乱，所以决定做一些其他积极的事情。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年多来，我一直在寻求心理治疗，这帮助我缓解了焦虑，但回到哈罗盖特后，我决定为自己做一些其他积极的事情，因为照顾母亲让我心烦。A.delighted使高兴；B.upset使心烦；C.relaxed使放松；D.discouraged使气馁。根据前文“I6todosomethingelsepositiveformyself”可知，作者决定做一些其他积极的事情，是因为照顾母亲的事情让自己心烦意乱。故选B项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想做些体力活动，跑步满足了我的需要。A.brought带来；B.balanced平衡；C.filled装满、满足；D.reduced减少。根据前文“Iwantedtodosomethingphysical”可知，作者想做一些体力活动释放压力，跑步满足了作者的需要。故选C项。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：6点以前起床对我来说是不寻常的。A.unusual不寻常的；B.impossible不可能的；C.amazing令人吃惊的；D.fortable舒适的。根据上文“Ineverreallyenjoyedrunning.”以及后文“ButImademyselfgorunningthreetimesaweek.”可知，作者由从不跑步到每周跑步三次，起床作息时间改变了，这对于平时从不早起的作者来说是不同寻常的事。故选A项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从去年夏天开始，我会和经常跑步的成员一起跑步，和那些我更了解的人谈论我的妈妈。A.mon共同的；B.regular经常的，规律的；C.ordinary普通的；D.strange陌生的。根据后文“talkaboutmymomwiththoseI’dknownbetter.”可知，作者和经常一起跑步、更熟悉的成员谈论妈妈的情况。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它帮助我积极地面对新的一天。A.hands手；B.eyes眼睛；C.mind心智；D.head头。根据固定短语“putone’smindin专心于……”可知，mind符合句意，表示“以积极的心态面对每一天”，故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我妈妈10月份去世后，它帮助我调整了自己的情绪。A.passedaway去世；B.passedby经过；C.recovered恢复；D.survived生存。上文说坐着的母亲得了癌症，活不了多久了，因此此处是说母亲去世了。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然治疗是我生活中所有积极事情的基础，但跑步又增加了这一点。A.purpose目的；B.foundation基础；C.design设计；D.procedure程序。根据上文“Ihavebeen5psychotherapy（心理治疗）formorethanthreeyears”以及“Together,theyhavechangedmyattitudetolifeandI’mnowlessanxiousthanIwas.”可知，心理治疗和跑步结合一起使得作者减少了焦虑，因此心理治疗是作者积极面对事情的基础。故选B项。34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们一起改变了我的生活态度，我现在不像以前那么焦虑了。A.decision决定；B.confidence自信；C.attitude态度；D.advice建议。根据句子前后“I’mnowlessanxiousthanIwas.”可知，作者改变了对生活的态度，不再像以前那么焦虑了。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：跑步时，我感觉脚踏实地，活在当下。A.dream梦想；B.past过去；C.memory记忆；D.present目前。根据前文“IfeelgroundedandIlivein”可知，作者跑步时，感觉脚踏实地，活在当下。故选D项。第二节(共10小题；每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Eatingabigbreakfastcouldhelpyoubumdoublecaloriesthanifyoueatalargermealatdinner.ResearchersatLubeckUniversityfoundfillingupinthemorning____36____(boost)ametabolism(代谢)processknownasdietinducedthermogenesis(饮食生热效应).DITreferstothenumberofcaloriesthebodyexpendstoheatthebodyanddigestfood.Itwasshowntobetwiceashighforthose____37____atemoreatbreakfastthanatdinner.ThefindingspublishedintheJournalofClinicalEndocrinologyandMetabolism____38____(base)onalaboratoryexperimentof16men.Thestudyaddstoincreasingevidencethatthebestwayoflosingweightistoeatyour____39____(large)mealinthemorning—andyoursmallestintheevening.DrRichtersaid:“Eatingmoreatbreakfastinsteadofdinnercouldpreventobesity____40____highbloodsugar.Bothobesityandhighbloodsugarcanleadtoillnesses____41____(include)cancer,cardiovasculardiseaseanddiabetes.”DITcandifferdependingona____42____(person)mealtimeandis____43____(general)slowerintheeveningandatnight.DrRichtersaid:“Weremendpatientswithobesityaswellas____44____(health)peopleeatalargebreakfastratherthanalargedinner______45______(reduce)bodyweightandpreventmetabolicdiseases.”【答案】36.boosts37.who38.werebased39.largest40.and41.including42.person’s43.generally44.healthy45.toreduce【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了早餐吃得多比晚餐吃得多有更多的好处，尤其有利于减肥。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：Lubeck大学的研究人员发现，早上吃饱会促进新陈代谢过程，即饮食诱发的生热作用。根据句意可知，此处陈述研究发现，客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词fillingup为主语，谓语动词用单数。故填boosts。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：结果显示，对于那些早餐吃得比晚餐多的人来说，这一比例是晚餐的两倍。分析句子可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词为those，指人，通常用关系代词who引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填who。