山东省新高考联合质量测评高三3月联考英语试题

山东新高考联合质量测评3月联考试题高三英语本卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号和考生号填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2.选择题部分，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.答非选择题部分时，必须用毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题分，满分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A3HourOffRoadSunsetSafaritoGrandCanyonwithEntranceGateDetourOverviewExperiencespectacularviewsoftheGrandCanyonSouthRimwithoutthecrowds.Withthistour,you’lltaketheroadlesstraveledtoreachtheiconiclandmark,drivingalongscenicbackroadsinafortable4WDsafarivehicleandavoidingthebusysouthentrancegate.StoptoadmiretheviewsfromYavapaiPoint,PipeCreekCanyon,andDuckonaRockOverlook,thentimeyourarrivaltowatchthesunsetfromGrandviewPoint.WhatToExpect*GrandCanyonSouthRimVotedbestandmostfascinating3hourSunsettouratGrandCanyon.Informative,localguidesdescribeGrandCanyongeologicalformations,NativeAmericanhistory,muleandhikingtrailsystems,andtherichhistoryofthisregion.IncludesTusayanpickup,southentrancegatedetourduring30minuteoffroadhiking,viewingofnativewildlifesuchaselk,deerandrarebirdspeciesintheirnaturalenvironment;endingatGrandviewPointwherethefadingsunlightturnstheCanyonintovividcolors.3hoursAdmissionTicketIncluded*YavapaiPointSeemagnificentvistas,ColoradoRiverandPhantomRanch.45minutesAdmissionTicketIncluded*PipeCreekVistaPipeCreekViewpoint*GrandviewPoint1hourAdmissionTicketIncludedAdditionalInfoAYSTA*Confirmationwillbereceivedattimeofbooking*Notremendedfortravelerswithbackproblems*Minimum2people—iflesscalldirectat9286385337*Thistour/activitywillhaveamaximumof12travelersCancellationPolicyYoucancancelupto24hoursinadvanceoftheexperienceforafullrefund.Anychangesmadelessthan24hoursbeforetheexperience’sstarttimewillnotbeaccepted.Thisexperiencerequiresaminimumnumberoftravelers.Ifit’scanceledbecausetheminimumisn’tmetyou’llbeofferedadifferentdate/experienceorafullrefund.1.What’sspecialaboutthetriproute?A.Lighttraffic. B.Beautifulsunset.C.Advancedvehicles. D.Experiencedguides.2.Howlongdoesthetriplast?A.3hours. B.4hours. C.4.75hours. D.5.25hours.3.Inwhichconditioncanyoucancelwithafullrefund?A.Livingfarfrompublictransportation. B.Cancelingtwohoursbeforethetrip.C.Sufferingfrombackproblemsinthetrip. D.Failingtomeetthenumberofvisitors.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个三小时的大峡谷日落之旅。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Withthistour,you’lltaketheroadlesstraveledtoreachtheiconiclandmark,drivingalongscenicbackroadsinafortable4WDsafarivehicleandavoidingthebusysouthentrancegate.(在这次旅行中，您将选择人迹罕至的道路前往标志性的地标，乘坐舒适的四驱车，沿着风景优美的小路行驶，避开繁忙的南门)”可知，旅行路线的特别之处是交通量小。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“*GrandCanyonSouthRimVotedbestandmostfascinating3hourSunsettouratGrandCanyon.(*大峡谷南缘被评为最佳和最迷人的3小时大峡谷日落之旅)”可知，这次旅行持续3小时。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thisexperiencerequiresaminimumnumberoftravelers.Ifit’scanceledbecausetheminimumisn’tmet,you’llbeofferedadifferentdate/experienceorafullrefund.(这种体验要求最少的旅行者人数。如果因为没有达到最低要求而取消，你将获得不同的约会/体验或全额退款)”可知，未能满足游客的数量可以全额退款取消。故选D。BYueSaiKanwasbornin1946inGuilin,GuangxiZhuangautonomousregion,andgrewupinHongKong.In1968,whilemajoringinpianoattheHawaiicampusofBrighamYoungUniversity,KanenteredabeautycontestsponsoredbythelocalChineseChamberofmerce.Shewonsecondplace,andasaresultgottotravelaroundtheworld.Thelifechangingexperiencemarkedthebeginningofhercareerinfashion,beauty,municationandculturalexchange.In1972,shemovedtoNewYorkandcreatedtheweeklytelevisionseriesLookingEast,thefirstofitskindtointroduceAsianculturesandcustomstoagrowingUSaudience.In1986,KanreturnedtoChina,producingandhostingthetelevisionseriesOneWorld,whichwasthefirstshoweverhostedbyaChineseAmericanonthetelevisionnetwork,andwasanationalhit.OtherimportantprojectsofhersincludetheABCdocumentaryChina:WallsandBridges,whichinitiallyexploreddifferentformsofspiritualityinthecountryovertheages.“IworkedinChinaforalmost40years,andIwastheretowitnessandcontributetothecountry’sbreakneckpaceofchange.Thisrareexperiencehasgivenmeauniquevision.AsIsayallthetime,ifIstayawayfromChinaforsixmonths,Ialreadymisssomuchofwhatishappeningthere!TheChinesesaying“ayear—smallchange,threeyears—bigchangehasheldtrueallthistime,”Kansays.Kanhasneverstoppeddoingwhatsheloves.Sheiscurrentlyplanningtodoa10parttelevisionseriesexploringandhighlightingthemostinterestingaspectsof10Chinesecities,includingBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou,Shenzhen,HangzhouandChengdu.“IfirmlybelievethataTVseriesfeaturingthesemajorChinesecitiesisnotonlytimely,butalsonecessarytoeducate,enlightenandentertainbyshowcasingtheChinesepeopleastheylivetoday.ThiswillhelpdispelsomeofthemisunderstandingsaboutChinaintheworld,”Kansays.Throughoutherlife,Kanhasalsobeendeeplyinvolvedincharity.OnJan26,sheisplanningtohostamajorcharityeventinSanFrancisco,inwhichshewillhonor12ofthemostoutstandingChineseAmericanwomen.4.WhatcontributesmosttostartingKan’scareer?A.Heruniversitymajor. B.Herinterestintravel.C.Herpetitionexperience. D.Herparents’encouragement.5.WhichfeaturedothecontentsofKan’sTVprojectshaveinmon?A.Theyareentertaining. B.Theyarecritical.C.Theyareadventurous. D.Theyarepioneering.6.WhatdoesKanfocusonaboutChinainPara.3?A.Itssteadychange. B.Itshugechallenges.C.Itsgreatachievements. D.Itsfastdevelopment.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeKan?A.Gentleandconsiderate. B.Optimisticandstrict.C.Generousandhumorous. D.Ambitiousandkindhearted.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了YueSaiKan，她制作了许多轰动一时的电视节目，关注中国的快速发展以及投身慈善事业。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In1968,whilemajoringinpianoattheHawaiicampusofBrighamYoungUniversity,KanenteredabeautycontestsponsoredbythelocalChineseChamberofmerce.Shewonsecondplace,andasaresultgottotravelaroundtheworld.Thelifechangingexperiencemarkedthebeginningofhercareerinfashion,beauty,municationandculturalexchange.(1968年，还在美国杨百翰大学夏威夷分校攻读钢琴专业的Kan参加了由当地中国商会主办的选美比赛。她获得了第二名，并因此得以环游世界。这一改变人生的经历标志着她在时尚、美容、沟通和文化交流领域的职业生涯的开始)”可知，比赛经历促成了Kan的职业生涯。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“In1972,shemovedtoNewYorkandcreatedtheweeklytelevisionseriesLookingEast,thefirstofitskindtointroduceAsianculturesandcustomstoagrowingUSaudience.In1986,KanreturnedtoChina,producingandhostingthetelevisionseriesOneWorld,whichwasthefirstshoweverhostedbyaChineseAmericanonthetelevisionnetwork,andwasanationalhit.OtherimportantprojectsofhersincludetheABCdocumentaryChina:WallsandBridges,whichinitiallyexploreddifferentformsofspiritualityinthecountryovertheages.(1972年，她搬到纽约，创作了每周一次的电视连续剧《望东》，这是第一部向不断增长的美国观众介绍亚洲文化和习俗的电视连续剧。1986年，Kan回到中国，制作并主持了电视剧《同一个世界》，这是第一部由华裔美国人主持的电视节目，并在全国引起了轰动。她的其他重要项目包括ABC纪录片《中国：墙与桥》，它最初探索了中国多年来不同的精神形式)”可知，Kan的电视节目内容的共同之处是都是先锋节目。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“IworkedinChinaforalmost40years,andIwastheretowitnessandcontributetothecountry’sbreakneckpaceofchange.Thisrareexperiencehasgivenmeauniquevision.AsIsayallthetime,ifIstayawayfromChinaforsixmonths,Ialreadymisssomuchofwhatishappeningthere!(我在中国工作了近40年，见证了这个国家飞速的变化，并为之做出了贡献。这次难得的经历给了我一个独特的视角。就像我一直说的，如果我离开中国六个月，我已经错过了那里发生的很多事情！)”可知，Kan关注中国的快速发展。故选D。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“IfirmlybelievethataTVseriesfeaturingthesemajorChinesecitiesisnotonlytimely,butalsonecessarytoeducate,enlightenandentertainbyshowcasingtheChinesepeopleastheylivetoday.ThiswillhelpdispelsomeofthemisunderstandingsaboutChinaintheworld(我坚信，一部以中国主要城市为主题的电视剧不仅是及时的，而且是必要的，通过展示中国人民今天的生活状况来教育、启迪和娱乐。这将有助于消除世界上对中国的一些误解)”以及最后一段“Throughoutherlife,Kanhasalsobeendeeplyinvolvedincharity.OnJan26,sheisplanningtohostamajorcharityeventinSanFrancisco,inwhichshewillhonor12ofthemostoutstandingChineseAmericanwomen.(在她的一生中，Kan也深深参与了慈善事业。1月26日，她计划在旧金山举办一场大型慈善活动，向12位最杰出的华裔美国女性致敬)”可推知，Kan善良且有抱负。故选D。COncetheredwolf’shistoricrangestretchedfromLongIslandtoMissourianddowntotheTexasMexicoborder.Butby1972theirpopulationwasreducedtoasmallareaalongtheGulfcoastduetohabitatlossandhunting.Toconservethespecies,14individualswerecaughtaspartofareproducingprogram.In1980theirwildrelativesweredeclaredextinct—thecaughtwolveswereallthatwasleftandthuslotsofgeneticvariationwaslost.Youcan’thelpitwhenyouhavesofewfounders.KristinBrzeskiisanassistantprofessoratMichiganTechnologicalUniversity,whoseresearchfocusesontheconservationofgeneticsofwildanimalpopulations.Hethoughtthisworkhadbeenanunderdogscientificallyandforconservation,forallwolvesdecreasedinamountdramatically,especiallytheredwolves.Now,Brzeskiandhercoworkershavefoundasurprisingnewpoolofredwolfgenesthatmighthelpbringmorediversitytothetinypopulation:theyfoundthedisappearinggenesofredwolvesinwildcoyotepopulations.Butwhydidthishappen?Remember:whenapopulationisdyingout,itmightfindtheclosestrelatedspeciesastheirownbestmate,soaredwolfandacoyotecanhaveoffspring.Asaresult,peoplecanrediscovertheirgenesintheircoyotehybridoffspring.Asredwolvesarereleasedbackintothewild,reproducingwiththesecoyotescouldhelpthecriticallyendangeredspeciesregainsomeofitsgeneticdiversity.Thiswouldbekindoftheoppositedirection:taketheexistingsmallpopulationthatstillhasredwolfgenesthataresocritical,andputthemintoawildlandscapewithnewgeneticvariationthattheyhaven’tseenfor50yearsormore.Andallofasudden,hopefully,thisislikeasupermixofgenetichealthandsortofareboundthattheseanimalscanbewildandbethemselvesagain.Thenextstepwillincludehowtoreleaseredwolvesinawaythattakesadvantageofthegenesredwolveshidingincoyotepopulations.Thereshouldbeaphilosophyinourmindthatwecreatedthisproblem,soweshouldberesponsibleforfixingit.8.Whywasmuchgeneticvariationoftheredwolveslost?A.Theirhabitatloss. B.Theirlimitednumber.C.Theirrelatives’extinction. D.Theirpooradaptability.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underdog”inPara.3mean?A.Failure. B.Success. C.Breakthrough. D.Dilemma.10.WhatisBrzeski’sattitudetoreleasingredwolvesintothewild?A.Disappointed. B.Favorable. C.Pessimistic. D.Cautious.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Apromisingwaytosaveredwolves B.Redwolves—anendangeredspeciesC.Wildcoyotes—redwolves’perfectmatch D.Anunknownfuturetoprotectredwolves【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了红狼数量减少，导致基因变异消失。对此人们采取将有限的红狼放归野外，让它们与郊狼繁殖，留下红狼的基因以此来保护这一物种。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In1980theirwildrelativesweredeclaredextinct—thecaughtwolveswereallthatwasleftandthuslotsofgeneticvariationwaslost.(1980年，它们的野生近亲被宣布灭绝——只剩下被捕获的狼，因此许多基因变异消失了)”可知，红狼的很多基因变异消失是因为数量有限。故选B。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“forallwolvesdecreasedinamountdramatically,especiallytheredwolves”可知，因为所有狼的数量都急剧减少，特别是红狼，所以他们认为这项工作在科学和保护方面是失败。故画线词意思是“失败”。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Asredwolvesarereleasedbackintothewild,reproducingwiththesecoyotescouldhelpthecriticallyendangeredspeciesregainsomeofitsgeneticdiversity.(随着红狼被放归野外，与这些土狼繁殖可以帮助这种极度濒危的物种恢复一些基因多样性)”可推知，Brzeski对将红狼放归野外是支持态度。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Toconservethespecies,14individualswerecaughtaspartofareproducingprogram.In1980theirwildrelativesweredeclaredextinct—thecaughtwolveswereallthatwasleftandthuslotsofgeneticvariationwaslost.Youcan’thelpitwhenyouhavesofewfounders.(为了保护这个物种，作为繁殖计划的一部分，14只个体被捕获。1980年，它们的野生近亲被宣布灭绝——只剩下被捕获的狼，因此许多基因变异消失了。创始狼这么少，你也没办法)”和倒数第三段“Remember:whenapopulationisdyingout,itmightfindtheclosestrelatedspeciesastheirownbestmate,soaredwolfandacoyotecanhaveoffspring.Asaresult,peoplecanrediscovertheirgenesintheircoyotehybridoffspring.Asredwolvesarereleasedbackintothewild,reproducingwiththesecoyotescouldhelpthecriticallyendangeredspeciesregainsomeofitsgeneticdiversity.(记住：当一个种群灭绝时，它可能会找到亲缘关系最近的物种作为自己的最佳配偶，这样红狼和郊狼就可以有后代了。因此，人们可以在他们的郊狼杂交后代身上重新发现他们的基因。随着红狼被放归野外，与这些郊狼一起繁殖可能有助于这种极度濒危的物种重新获得一些基因多样性)”结合文章主要说明了红狼的数量减少，导致基因变异消失。对此人们采取将有限的红狼放归野外，让它们与郊狼繁殖，留下红狼的基因以此来保护这一物种。可知，A选项“一个拯救红狼的有希望的方法”最符合文章标题。故选A。DAmongtheconstantadjustiveeducationstandardsandrequirements,it’simportanttoaskaquestion:exactlywhatdowewantinahighschoolgraduate?Somepeoplethinkthegoalistoentercollegeandearnabachelor’sdegree.Othersfindthatinterpretationtoonarrow,preferringthatyoungpeopleleaveschoolwiththeskillstomoveintolivingwagejobs.ButonethingmanypeoplecanembraceisthathighschoolgraduatesareskilledinbasicmathandEnglish.Aproposedlaw,HouseBill1308,couldruinthatgoal.Studentsmustdothefollowingthingstogetadiploma:earn24creditsofcoursework;pleteaHighSchoolandBeyondPlanmatchingthosecourses;meetonerequirementofaseriesof“graduationpathways”.Theproblemisthatthesepathwaysdon’tworkforallkids.Inlargepart,that’sbecausetheyguidestudentstowardcollegestandards.Lastyear,aftersurveyingnearly1,000students,researchersdiscoveredthat18%ofstudentssaidtheywere“notgood”atmath,and33%saidtheywerepoortesttakers.Forthem,thecurrentpathwaysareabarrierbecauseoftheiremphasisontheseskills.Thenewpathwayisinsteadfocusedonperformance.Itwouldallowkidstocreateapresentation—sayanexhibitorreport—demonstratingmasteryoftwocoresubjects,butnotnecessarilymathorEnglish.Whenthebillcameupfordiscussion,over350peopleshowedtheirsupport,becauseit’spossiblethatthroughtheperformancepathway,astudentcouldcreateaprojectemphasizingmasteryin“finearts”and“healthandfitness”.Rep.Sharonfavorstheproposal.Inahearing,shespokeofhergranddaughter,whowroteandselfpublishedanovelwhilestillinschool,toillustratethekindofprojectisworkable.WhileTafonaErvinworriesthatthelackofemphasisonmathandEnglishcouldleadstudentstograduatewithoutsolidskills.Ifthepurposeofeducationistoensurethatyoungpeoplearepreparedtopursueafulfillinglife,finishingschooluncertainofone’sabilitiesinmathandEnglishweakenseducation’sgoal.12.Whyisthequestionmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakeanargument. B.Tointroducethetopic.C.Toraiseaneducationproblem. D.Toclarifyaconcept.13.HowmanyitemsdoesHouseBill1308requireforhighschoolstudentstograduate?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.14.HowdoesthewritermakehispointspersuasiveinPara.4?A.Bymakingparisons. B.Byofferingstatistics.C.Byprovidingsuggestions. D.Bydoingexperiments.15.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofHouseBill1308?A.Workable. B.Effective. C.Awful. D.Reasonable.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了众议院第1308号法案规定了三条高中生毕业的条款，阐述了这一法案背后存在的问题。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Amongtheconstantadjustiveeducationstandardsandrequirements,it’simportanttoaskaquestion:exactlywhatdowewantinahighschoolgraduate?(在不断调整的教育标准和要求中，有一个重要的问题：我们到底想从高中毕业生那里得到什么？)”可推知，第一段提到了这个问题是为了引入话题。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Aproposedlaw,HouseBill1308,couldruinthatgoal.Studentsmustdothefollowingthingstogetadiploma:earn24creditsofcoursework;pleteaHighSchoolandBeyondPlanmatchingthosecourses;meetonerequirementofaseriesof“graduationpathways”.(一项拟议中的法案，即众议院第1308号法案，可能会破坏这一目标。学生必须完成以下事项才能获得文凭：修满24个学分；完成与这些课程相匹配的高中及以后的计划；满足一系列“毕业道路”的一个要求)”可知，众议院法案1308要求高中生毕业的条款有三个。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Inlargepart,that’sbecausetheyguidestudentstowardcollegestandards.Lastyear,aftersurveyingnearly1,000students,researchersdiscoveredthat18%ofstudentssaidtheywere“notgood”atmath,and33%saidtheywerepoortesttakers.Forthem,thecurrentpathwaysareabarrierbecauseoftheiremphasisontheseskills.(在很大程度上，这是因为它们引导学生达到大学标准。去年，在调查了近1000名学生后，研究人员发现，18%的学生说他们的数学“不太好”，33%的学生说他们的考试成绩很差。对他们来说，目前的途径是一个障碍，因为他们强调这些技能)”可推知，作者在第4段中通过提供统计数据使他的观点具有说服力。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifthepurposeofeducationistoensurethatyoungpeoplearepreparedtopursueafulfillinglife,finishingschooluncertainofone’sabilitiesinmathandEnglishweakenseducation’sgoal.(如果教育的目的是确保年轻人为追求充实的生活做好准备，那么在数学和英语能力不确定的情况下完成学业就削弱了教育的目标)”可推知，作者认为第1308号众议院法案很糟糕。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题分，满分分)TibetanNewYear,alsoknownasLosar,isthemostimportantfestivalinTibetandiscelebratedfor15days,typicallyfallinginFebruaryorMarch.____16____ThecelebrationsincludearangeofcustomsandtraditionsthatreflecttheuniquecultureandidentityoftheTibetanpeople.BeforethearrivaloftheNewYear,Tibetansengageinthoroughcleaningoftheirhomesandsurroundings.____17____Theyalsomakeofferingstothegodsandancestorstoseekblessingsfortheupingyear.DecoratinghomesandpublicplacesisamoncustomduringLosar.Inaddition,peoplealsodecoratetheirclotheswithpatterns,andtheirhairisstyledinfashion.____18____Traditionaldishessuchasmomos,atypeofsteameddumplingfilledwithmeatorvegetables,andTibetanbuttertea,madefromyakbutterandtealeaves,areserved.SweettreatslikeTibetanbuttercookiesanddriedfruitarealsoenjoyed.TibetanpeopleofferprayersandmakeofferingstothegodsanddeitiesduringLosar.Theofferingstypicallyincludefood,incenseandflowers.____19____MusicanddancearepartoftheLosarcelebrations.Villagersgatherinpublicspacesanddancearoundbonfires,singingandplayingtraditionalinstruments.____20____Peoplegatherinpublicspacesandlightincenseandcandleswhileofferingfood,drinksandotheritemstothegods.ThisisfollowedbytheceremonyofthrowingTsampa,aroastedbarleyflour,intotheairasasymboloflettinggoofthepastyearandembracingnewbeginnings.ThecustomsofTibetanNewYeararedeeplyrootedinthecultureandtraditionsoftheTibetanpeople.A.In2023,TibetanNewYearfellonFeb21.B.Usingthem,peopleshowgratitudetotheelderlypeople.C.Inthefestival,peopleholdvariouseventstocelebrateit.D.Theseofferingsarebelievedtobringgoodlucktopeople.E.Thispracticeistogetridofbadluckinthepreviousyear.F.TheLosarcelebrationsetoanendwithagrandceremony.G.DuringtheNewYear,Tibetansenjoyfeastswiththeirfamilyandfriends.【答案】16.A17.E18.G19.D20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了藏历新年的情况，包括饮食习俗、庆祝活动等。【16题详解】根据上文“TibetanNewYear,alsoknownasLosar,isthemostimportantfestivalinTibetandiscelebratedfor15days,typicallyfallinginFebruaryorMarch.(西藏新年，也被称为洛萨，是西藏最重要节日，庆祝15天，通常在2月或3月)”可知，本句主要是在说明藏历新年的时间。故A选项“2023年，藏历新年是2月21日”符合语境，故选A。【17题详解】根据上文“BeforethearrivaloftheNewYear,Tibetansengageinthoroughcleaningoftheirhomesandsurroundings.(在新年到来之前，藏族人会对他们的家和周围的环境进行彻底的清洁)”可知，上文提到了“对他们的家和周围的环境进行彻底的清洁”，本句承接上文说明这一做法的目的：摆脱上一年的坏运气。故E选项“这种做法是为了摆脱上一年的坏运气”符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】根据后文“Traditionaldishessuchasmomos,atypeofsteameddumplingfilledwithmeatorvegetables,andTibetanbuttertea,madefromyakbutterandtealeaves,areserved.SweettreatslikeTibetanbuttercookiesanddriedfruitarealsoenjoyed.(传统菜肴如馍馍（一种用肉或蔬菜包的蒸饺）和藏式酥油茶（用牦牛酥油和茶叶制成）都在这里供应。西藏黄油饼干和干果等甜食也很受欢迎)”可知，本段主要关于藏历新年的饮食习俗。故G选项“在新年期间，西藏人与他们的家人和朋友享受盛宴”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“TibetanpeopleofferprayersandmakeofferingstothegodsanddeitiesduringLosar.Theofferingstypicallyincludefood,incenseandflowers.(藏族人在洛萨期间向神灵祈祷和祭祀。祭品通常包括食物、香和鲜花)”可知，上文提到了一些常见的祭品，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这些祭品的作用。故D选项“这些祭品被认为能给人们带来好运”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据后文“Peoplegatherinpublicspacesandlightincenseandcandleswhileofferingfood,drinksandotheritemstothegods.ThisisfollowedbytheceremonyofthrowingTsampa,aroastedbarleyflour,intotheairasasymboloflettinggoofthepastyearandembracingnewbeginnings.(人们聚集在公共场所，点燃香和蜡烛，同时向神提供食物、饮料和其他物品。接下来是向空中撒糌粑的仪式，这是一种烤大麦面粉，象征着告别过去的一年，迎接新的开始)”可知，本段主要描述了藏历新年的盛大仪式情况。故F选项“洛萨庆祝活动在盛大的仪式中结束”符合语境，故选F。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。EveryyearI’dreadover2,000collegeapplicationsfromstudentsallovertheworld.Itisquite____21____tochoosewhomtoadmit.____22____,inthechaosofSATscoresandremendations,one____23____isalwaysirresistibleinacandidate：kindness.Themostsurprising____24____ofkindnessI’veever____25____camefromastudentwhohadexcellentscoresandasupportiveremendationfromhiscollegecounselor(顾问).Evenwiththesequalifications,hemightnothave____26____.Butoneletterofremendationcaughtmyeye.Itwasfromaschoolsecurity____27____.Lettersofremendationaretypicallywrittenbypeoplelikeformerpresidents,celebrities,andOlympicathletes.Thesecurityguardwrotethathesupportedthisstudent’sadmissionbecauseofhis____28____.Thisyoungmanwastheonlypersonintheschoolwhoknewthenamesofeverymemberoftheguardstaff.Heturnedofflightsinemptyrooms,consistently____29____thehallwaymonitoreachmorningandtidieduptheclassroomafterhispeersleftschool____30____nobodywaswatching.Thisstudent,thesecurityguardwrote,hada(n)____31____respectforeverypersonattheschool,regardlessofposition,popularityorpower.Itgaveusa____32____ontoastudent’slifeinthemomentswhennothing“counted”.Thatstudentwasadmittedbyunanimous(一致的)voteoftheadmissionsmittee.Nextyeartheremightbeafloodofsecurityguardremendations____33____thisessay.Butifitmeansstudentswillstartpayingasmuch____34____tothepeoplewhocleantheirclassroomsastheydototheirprincipalsandteachers,I’mhappytohelpstartthat____35____.21.A.decent B.difficult C.delicate D.desperate22.A.However B.Otherwise C.Besides D.Therefore23.A.ability B.quality C.limitation D.assumption24.A.signal B.image C.appearance D.indication25.A.eout B.pickup C.eacross D.bringup26.A.stoodup B.stoodout C.givenup D.givenout27.A.guard B.teacher C.principal D.counselor28.A.wisdom B.bravery C.encouragement D.consideration29.A.bothered B.answered C.visited D.thanked30.A.asif B.nowthat C.evenif D.inorderthat31.A.demanding B.amusing C.refreshing D.puzzling32.A.passion B.trouble C.method D.window33.A.dueto B.inneedof C.exceptfor D.alongwith34.A.money B.notice C.attention D.curiosity35.A.policy B.trend C.arrangement D.career【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.D30.C31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者每年都要审批来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请。要选择录取谁是相当困难的。然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。一名保安因为一名学生的体贴和尊重而写了一封推荐信。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：要选择录取谁是相当困难的。A.decent体面的；B.difficult困难的；C.delicate脆弱的；D.desperate绝望的。根据上文“EveryyearI’dreadover2,000collegeapplicationsfromstudentsallovertheworld.(每年我都要阅读来自世界各地的2000多份大学申请)”可知，申请人很多，所以要选择录取谁是相当困难的。故选B。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A.However然而；B.Otherwise否则；C.Besides此外；D.Therefore因此。后文“isalwaysirresistibleinacandidate”提到了不可抗拒的品质，与上文很难选择录取谁构成转折关系，应用however。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在SAT分数和推荐信的混乱中，候选人的一个品质总是不可抗拒的：善良。A.ability能力；B.quality品质；C.limitation限制；D.assumption假设。后文“isalwaysirresistibleinacandidate:kindness”可知，善良是一种品质。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学指导老师给他推荐了一封支持性的信。A.signal信号；B.image图像；C.appearance外表；D.indication表现，指示。根据后文“ofkindness”可知，这里指善良的表现，应用indication。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我所遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现来自一个成绩优异的学生，他的大学指导老师给他推荐了一封支持性的信。A.eout出版；B.pickup捡起；C.eacross遇见；D.bringup提出。根据上文“ofkindnessI’veever”可知，这里指作者遇到过的最令人惊讶的善良表现。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使有这些资历，他也未必能脱颖而出。A.stoodup站立；B.stoodout突出；C.givenup放弃；D.givenout分发。根据上文“Evenwiththesequalifications,hemightnothave”可知，有了好的资历，按理说可以在申请人中脱颖而出，故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：来自学校保安。A.guard保安；B.teacher老师；C.principal原则；D.counselor顾问。根据后文“Thesecurityguardwrote”可知，信来自学校保安。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，出于他的体贴，他支持这名学生入学。A.wisdom智慧；B.bravery勇敢；C.encouragement鼓励；D.consideration考虑，体贴。根据后文“Thisyoungmanwastheonlypersonintheschoolwhoknewthenamesofeverymemberoftheguardstaff.(这个年轻人是学校里唯一一个知道警卫人员名字的人)”可知，学生很体贴，会记住一个普通人的名字。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控（总是对着监控致谢），在同学们离开教室后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A.bothered打扰；B.answered回答；C.visited参观；D.thanked感谢。根据上文“Heturnedofflightsinemptyrooms,consistently”可知，学生很有礼貌，在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控（总是对着监控致谢），故选D。【30题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：他在空房间里关灯，每天早上总是感谢走廊的监控，在同学们离开教室后收拾教室，即使没有人在看。A.asif好像；B.nowthat既然；C.evenif即使；D.inorderthat为了。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”应用evenif。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：保安写道，这个学生对学校里的每个人都有一种令人精神振奋的尊敬，不管他们的地位、声望或权力如何。A.demanding要求高的；B.amusing有趣的；C.refreshing令人精神振奋的；D.puzzling令人困惑的。根据后文“respectforeverypersonattheschool,regardlessofposition,popularityorpower”可知，这个学生尊重每一个人，对学校里的每个人都有一种令人精神振奋的尊敬（极其尊重他人），故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们一窥学生生活中那些“无足轻重”的时刻。A.passion激情；B.trouble麻烦；C.method方法；D.window窗户。根据后文“ontoastudent’slife”可知，指学生生活的窗口，故选D。【33题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于这篇文章，明年可能会有大量保安推荐。A.dueto因为；B.inneedof需要；C.exceptfor除了；D.alongwith和……一起。根据“thisessay”可知，明年可能会有大量的保安推荐是因为这封推荐信。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A.money钱；B.notice通知；C.attention注意力；D.curiosity好奇心。根据后文“tothepeoplewhocleantheirclassrooms”指关注打扫教室的人，短语payattentionto表示“注意”。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但如果这意味着学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，我很乐意帮助开启这一趋势。A.policy政策；B.trend趋势；C.arrangement安排；D.career事业。上文“tothepeoplewhocleantheirclassroomsastheydototheirprincipalsandteachers,I’mhappytohelpstartthat”提到学生们开始像关注校长和老师一样关注打扫教室的人，这是一种趋势。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。MountEmei,____36____(locate)inthesouthwestofSichuanProvince,isanancientandfamousattractioninChina.Threemillionyearsago,themainpartofMountEmei____37____(rise)sharplyalongafaultlinehere.Duetoaplexbinationoferosion(侵蚀)andweathering，amassive____38____(high)differenceofover2,600meterswasformedbetweentoday’smountaintopandtheEmeiPlain.TheSummitofTenThousand