Unit9知识清单人教版八年级英语下册

Unit9SectionA词性转换inventv.发明，创造inventorn.发明者inventionn.发明，发明物Peacen.宁静，和平peacefuladj.平静的，和平的collectv.收集，采集collectioncn.收藏，收藏品collectormusev.使娱乐,逗乐,逗笑amusementn.娱乐，游戏meneither意为“我也不……”，表示前者的否定情况也适用于我Neither倒装句：neither+助/be/情态动词+主语表示“某人也不”Meneither=Neither+助/be/情态动词+I反义词：metoo=So+助/be/情态动词+ISusancan’tplaythepianoatall.苏珊根本不会弹钢琴。Me_________=______________________.我也不会Ioftenvisitedmygrandmalastyear.Me_______./___________________我也是Neither其他用法（1）adj.两者都不的,放在单数可数名词前。（2）pron.两者都不,neitherof+名词复数；neitherof做主语时,谓语动词用单数或复数形式。—whichonewouldyoulike?你喜欢哪一个？—___________.两个都不喜欢。___________bookismine.两本书都不是我的。Le’sgotoonetomorrow.区分：one，ones,it，thatOne:替代单数可数名词，泛指前面提到的同类人或事中的一个，同类异物，复数形式为onesOnes:替代复数可数名词，泛指前面提到的同类人或事中的一些，同类异物It:替代可数名词复数或不可数名词，特指前面提到的同一事物，同类同物That:替代名单或不可数名词，相当于the+名词，复数形式为those’dlikeasmaller________.Iboughtahatforyou.Ihopeyoulike________.TheweatherinChongqingishotterthan________inChengdu.Thesebooksarenotgoodenough.Ihavesomebetter_______foryou.somewhereadv.，表示“在某处、到某处”，常用于肯定句中anywhereadv.任何地方，用在否定句和疑问句中everywhereadv.到处，处处，各个地方，相当于hereandtherenowhereadv.无处，哪里都不，表否定注：形容词或动词不定式修饰时要后置Iwanttogosomewhereinteresting.Pleasetellmesomewhere___________.(go)Ididn’twanttogo_______atfirstbutmyfriendtoldmelifeisfullofbeautyandweshouldenjoyit.However,duetotheCOVID19,wehave_________togo.It'sreallyinteresting,isn’tit?反意疑问句是由“陈述句+附加疑问部分”构成。附加疑问部分常译为“是不是？”“不是吗？”“是吧？”“对吗？”等。（1）反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则.陈述句与附加句的时态和人称应保持一致，且附加句要用对应的人称代词Heisadriver,______________he?Mikehasreadthisbook,___________he?Yoursisterdidn'thelphim,______________?（2）当前面的陈述部分有表示否定意义的词如no,nothing,few,little(少)，never,,nobody,hardly,seldom等时，其后的附加疑问部分应用肯定形式Hecanhardlyswim,________he?Wehavelittlewater,____________we?invent(1)inventioncn.发明物aninvention一个发明inventorn.发明家aninventor一个发明家Edison___________manythings.Heisagreat_________andheisfamousforhis______________.辨析：lookfor寻找，强调动作find找到，强调结果findout弄清，查明invent发明，创造。创造出新的，原本不存在的东西discover发现原本存在，但一直不被人所知的东西I____________mywatchyesterday,andIfinally________itinthebox.Imust_________whotookitaway.Bell___________thetelehonein1876.Columbus_____________theAmericancontinents.unbelievableadj.难以置信的，不真实的ableunlydisbelievev.不相信AlthoughTomisa____________person,thenewshesaidisso______________thatI_____________itisgressn./v.进步、进展不及物动词Thetechnologyhas___________alot.不可数名词，常用much，great，rapid来修饰makeprogressin在...方面取得进步Youhavemakemuchprogress______English.rapidadj.迅速地，快速的rapidly常用来描述事物的变化速度,同义词有fast,quickWiththe_________developmentofscienceandtechnology,Chinahasenteredanewera(时代).wonderv.想知道=wanttoknowwonder+who/what/if/whether等引导宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序Iwonderwhosheis.wonder+特殊疑问词+todoSheiswonderingwhat__________(do)next.n.un.惊讶、惊叹HelookedattheGreatWallwith____________.cn.奇迹，奇观TheGreatWallisoneoftheeight______________intheworld.(It’s)nowonder(that)不足为奇，并不奇怪Sheworksreallyhard.No___________thatshewonthefirstplace.10.encourageencouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.in在某方面鼓励某人sbbeencouragedtodo某人被鼓励做...OurEnglishteacheralwaysencouragesus_____________(read)morebooks.Shealsoencouragesusin___________(write).Andwithher___________,webeebetterthanbefore.Soallofus________________byher.socialadj.社会的，社交的，交际的societyn.社会社交技巧socialskillsancen.表演，工作或活动中表现performergiveaperformance演出aliveperformance现场演出Peopleliketowatch______________of_________________verymuch.perfect(1)adj.完美的，完全的imperfectadj.不完美的，不完全的无比较级和最高级Asthesayinggoes,“Practicemakesperfect.”(2)地道的；最合适的ShespeaksperfectEnglish.14.ride(1)cn.供乘骑的游乐设施The___________arefree免费乘坐(2)短途旅程givesb.aride捎某人一程goforaride兜风(3)v.rideroderidden骑马，骑车，乘坐He________already________abiketoschool.15.German德国的Germancarsaredifferentfromours.adj.德语的，德国人的Germangrammarwasdifficult.德语Pleasespeakin____________.n.德国人,其复数形式GermansTherearefive____________intheroom.Germanyn.德国SectionB词性转换ty2.simpleadj.简单的simplyadv.仅仅，只，不过；简单地，简朴地3.Indian.印度Indianadj.印度的，印度人4.Japann.日本Japaneseadj.日本的，日本人的，日语的n.日本人，日语5.mostadj.大多数mostlyadv.主要地、通常二、知识点讲解1.unlytyTokeepyourself_________,you’dbetternottravelalone.Nothingismoreimportantthanyour_________andhealth.Youshouldreturnhome__________.ontheonehand,...ontheotherhand...一方面...另一方面...该结构常用于列举情况，原因等，说明一个事物的两个方面，有时ontheotherhand也可单独使用______theonehand,teachersshouldtakecareofstudents;onthe________hand,studentsshouldrespecttheirteachers.分数的表达当分子是1时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词三分之一：onethird四分之一：onefourth/aquarter二分之一：onesecond/ahalf当分子大于1时，分子用基数词，分母的序数词+s三分之二：twothirds四分之三：threefourths/threequarters分数修饰名词在句中作主语时分数+of+可数名词单数/不可数名词+谓语动词单数分数+of+可数名词复数/不可数名词+谓语动词复数Onefifthofthewater__________(be)polluted.____________________(五分之三)ofthestudents_________(are)boys.simpleadj.简单的simplyadv.仅仅，只，不过(相当于only或just）简单地，简朴地Themachineisvery_______touse.Theylive__________.You__________finishtask1.(1)Englishspeaking说英语的，由：“名词+现在分词”构成的复合形容词，常位于名词前类似结构：peacelovingtimesavingrecordbreakingworldshaking(2)“名词+过去分词”也可构成复合结构，常见snowcovered被雪覆盖的heartbroken心碎的handmade手工的selftaught自学的fearv./n.害怕，惧怕及物动词，害怕+名词/代词/todo/doing/从句做宾语Childrenusuallyfeartogooutaloneatnight.n.害怕，惧怕infear害怕地，担心地withoutfear无惧地overeone’sfear克服恐惧Withhismom’shelp,heovercamehisfearsuccessfully.Thereisasnakeoutside.Ilookatit______fear.whetherconj.(1)不管...还是，或者...或者，是否whether...or(not)引导让步状语从句Whetherheistrueornot,weshouldlistentohim.（2）conj.是否引导宾语从句，可与if互换I’mnotsure____________muadviceisuseful.8.wheneverconj.在任何时候，无论何时。引导让步状语从句=nomatterwhen,类似词还有Whatever=nomatterwhatwhichever=nomatterwhichwherever=nomatterwhereWhoever=nomatterwhohowever=nomatterhow(however还可作adv.然而，不过)Youcanaskmeforhelp______________youneedmyhelp.___________youare,youmustfollowtherulesandlaws.___________youdo,I’lltrustyou.spring(1)n.春天in/duringthespring在春天early/latespring早春/晚春Leavesfallintheautumnandgrowin_________.（2）n.泉hotsprings温泉语法练习I___________(see)thefilmalreadyandI________itthedaybeforeyesterday.Mr.Black______________(live)inChinasincehe________(leave)Americatwoyearsago.We_______treeslastSunday.Sofarwe___________over3,000treesthere.(plant)DoyouknowwhenMike________forBeijing?He________already.He___________justnow.(leave)Hehasneversurfed,____________?（改成反意疑问句）Theoldman________lastyear.He________forayear.(die)Mr.Greenoften_______(go)toAmerica.Infact,he________(be)theretentimes.She________(study)Englishsinceshewasten.She________(begin)tostudyEnglishwhenshewasten.Jimisn’there.He________(go)tothelibrary.He________(go)thereanhourago.I________(look)forthedictionary,butI________(notfind)ityet.I____________thisnicewatchfortwoyears.(have)—Howlong______you______yourdictionary?—Abouttwomonths. A.did;buy B.have;get C.have;had D.have;boughtWriting话题分析：本单元话题是“有趣的地方”，相关的写作内容通常是介绍自己曾经去过的旅游景点或自己的家乡等，在写时，可先介绍景点或家乡的基本情况，然后再具体描述该地方，最后谈一谈自己的感受。题材，说明文。应用一般现在时和现在完成时，一般将来时等来表达。Para1.开篇点题，引出要介绍的地方：Haveyoueverbeento...?Para2:介绍地理位置，面积，人口，天气，历史，景点，美食等地理位置：Itliesin/Itislocatedin...面积：Itis...squarekilometersinsize.人口：Itha