贵州课标英语课件：题型2 第3节 完成句子型阅读理解

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阅读理解第三节完成句子型阅读理解项目年份202220212020文

体说明文说明文议论文话

题科普知识科普知识人际交往词

数300281268细节理解5，36，37，38334，36，37,96，97，98推理判断3435—句子翻译——99归纳总结—38100答题第一步：浏览题干，用“______”标注定位词。答题第二步：通读全文，并用“

”标注与题干相关的关键句。(2022•贵阳)Windpowerisaverycleansourceofenergy.Thisishowwindpowerworks.Windmakeswindmillsspin(旋转)．Whenthewindmillsspin,theymakeelectricity.Thenwecanusetheelectricity.定位第1题

1．Windpowercanbeturnedinto________whenwindmillsspin．(由画波浪线的句子可知，风使风车旋转，当风车旋转时产生电。可以推断当风车旋转时，风能被转换成电能。注意：make和beturnedinto之间为同义转化。)第一段大意：风能是一种非常清洁的能源。它通过风力带动风车旋转发电。electricityAlotofpeoplethinkthatwindpowerisnew,butthat'snottrue.For

thousandsofyears,peoplehaveusedwindtosailboatsandmovewater.Westilldothosethingstoday,butthesedayswemostlyusewindpowertomakeelectricity.定位第2题

2．Peoplehaveusedwindto__________andmovewater

foralongtime.(由画波浪线的句子可知，人们使用风来行船和运水。)第二段大意：人们早在数千年前就已经开始利用风能。sailboatsWindpowerisaverypopularsourceofenergy.Mostpeoplethinkthatweshoulduseitmoreandmore.Firstofall,it'sclean.Windmillsdon'tpollutetheenvironmentatall.Second,wecanusewindpowerforever.Afterall,wewillalwayshavewind.Also,windpowerischeap,andit'sgettingevencheaper.定位第5题

5．Thispassagemainlyintroducesakindofclean，_________________energytous.(由画波浪线的句子可知，本文介绍的这种能源具有清洁、持久和便宜的特征)第三段大意：风力作为能源具有清洁、持久和便宜的优势。cheapandcommonAlotofpeopledon'tunderstandwindpowerverywell.Theybelievethatthereareproblemswithwindpower,butmanyofthoseproblemsarenotreal.Forexample,somepeoplesaythatwindmillsaredangerousforbirds.Thatusedtobetrue,butitisn'ttrueanymore.Oldwindmillskilledbirdsbecausetheyspunveryfast.New

windmillsspinslowly,andtheyaren'tdangerousforbirds.定位第3题

3.New

windmillsdon't___________becausetheyspinataslowspeed．(由画波浪线的句子可知，旧的风车杀死鸟是因为它们旋转得非常快，而新的风车旋转得慢，因此不会对鸟构成威胁，即不会杀死鸟)第四段大意：很多人不是很理解风能。有人觉得风车会杀死鸟，但是新的风车因为旋转得慢，对鸟来说已经不危险了。killbirdsHowever,therearerealproblemswithwindmills.Oneproblemisthatmanypeoplethinkwindmillsareveryugly.Thisisaproblemforsomepeoplebecausewindmillsareofteninveryprettyareas.Also,winddoesn'tblowallthetime,sowecan'tusewindpowerallthetime.Finally,windmillsarenoisy.定位第4题

4．Oneoftherealproblemswithwindmillsisthatthey________________________________________________________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，风车真正的问题在于：首先，很多人认为风车很丑；其次，因为风不会一直刮，因此我们不能一直使用风车；最后，风车很吵。以上问题任选其一即可)第五段大意：风车有几个真正的问题，首先它们丑，然后它们不能一直使用，最后它们有点吵。areveryugly/can'tbeusedallthetime/arenoisy/makenoiseWindpowerisbecomingmoreandmorecommon.Rightnow,morethan80countriesusewindpower.About2.5percentoftheworld'spowercomesfromthewind.Forsomecountries,thatnumberisalothigher.WindpowergivesDenmarkmorethan25percentofitselectricity.第六段大意：风能正在变得越来越普及。答题第三步：跟读关键词所在的句子，将题干与原文进行对比、归纳，确定答案。答题第四步：复读全文，检查答案。【答案速查】1.electricity

2.sailboats

3.killbirds

4.areveryugly/can'tbeusedallthetime/arenoisy/makenoise

5.cheapandcommon答题第五步：核对答案，反思错题。A(2021•贵阳)阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。①Scienceisthebestwaywehaveoffindingoutabouttheworld.

Scientistscollectevidence(证据).Theyhaveideasaboutthewaythingswork.Scienceteststhoseideas.Sometimesthetestwillshowthattheideaisnotcorrect.Iftheideapassesthetest,itaddstoourunderstanding.小试牛刀1．Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatsciencecanhelpus_________________________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，科学是我们发现世界最好的方式，即科学可以帮助我们发现世界)findoutabouttheworld

②Scientistsmakeobservations(观察).Theymaylook,orlisten.Theymayreadtheworkofotherscientists.

Thisgivesthemideas.Youcandothis.Youcanlookaroundyou.Youcanaskquestions.Youcanplanatesttofindout.Youcandiscoversomethingnew.

2．Wecanknowscientiststry______________tomakeobservationsinParagraph2.(由画波浪线的句子可知，科学家尝试用不同的方法进行观察。他们可以看，也可以听，还可以阅读其他科学家的著作)differentwaysScientistsmakepredictions.Theysaysomethingaboutthefuture.Theymightsay“ifIdothis,thenIthinkthatwillhappen”.IsaacNewtonwasafamousscientist.Whenheshonewhitelightthroughaglassprism,hesawaspectrum(光谱)ofdifferentcolors.Newtonpredictedwhatwouldhappenifheshonethespectrumthroughasecondprism.Hethoughtthecolorswouldcometogetherandhewouldseewhitelightagain.Hetriedit.

③Heshoneaspectrumthroughasecondprism.Hewasright.Thecolorsmadewhitelight.

Hediscoveredthatwhitelightismadeupofmanycolors.3．AfterNewtonshoneaspectrumofdifferentcolorsthroughtheprism,hesaw

___________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，牛顿把不同颜色的光谱通过第二个棱镜，这些颜色构成了白光。由此可知，他看到的是白光)whitelightIt'simportanttotestyourideas.It'simportanttoplanafairtest.Ascientistwonderedhowatreegrows.Wheredoesallthatmaterialcomefrom?Wasitfromthesoil?Heplantedayoungtreeinapot.Heweighedthepot,thedrysoilandthetreeatthestartofhistest.Yearslater,thetreehadgrowntall.Ithadmanybranchesandleaves.Thescientistdugitup.Heweighedit.Thetreeweighedfarmorethanwhenitwasyoung.Thenheweighedthepotandthedrysoil.Itweighedjustabitless.Wherehadallthenewtreematerialcomefrom?④Hedecidedthattreesusewater,andagasfromtheair,togrow.4．Thescientistdidatestandfoundthattreescangrowbecauseof__________________________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，树利用水和空气中的某种气体来成长)5．Wehavelearnedthat____________________________fromthepassage.(通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，科学家通过科学实验验证自己的想法，也就是我们常说的实践出真知)waterandagasfromtheairknowledgecomesfrompractice【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学是我们发现世界的最好方法。科学家们尝试了不同的方法进行观察，并举例说明著名的科学家牛顿是怎样发现白光的，以及另一位科学家是如何得出树木利用水和空气中的气体来生长的结论的。B(2020•贵阳)阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。Howwouldyoufeelifmovingtoanewtownmeantlosingtrackofyourfriends?Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered(递送)?Thiswashowthingsworkednotverylongago.

①Thankstoadvancesintechnology,howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschangedgreatly.1．Waysofmakingfriendsandcommunicatingwiththemhavechangedgreatlybecauseof____________________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，因为技术的发展，交友和交流的方式发生了很大的改变)advancesintechnologyNowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwithourfriends.

②Socialmediatools(社交媒体工具)letusseewhatourfriendsarebusywithandmaintainfriendships.Thedigital(数字)agealsoenablesustofindpeoplewhoshareourinterests.Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.2．Tostayintouchwithourfarawayfriends,wecan__________________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，我们可以使用社交媒体工具和远方的朋友们保持联系)usesocialmediatoolsButwhenyou“friend”peopleonline,doesthismeanthattheyreallyareyourfriends?Itdepends.③Ifpeoplealwaysexchangetruepersonalinformationonline,thenyes,thesefriendshipscanberealandmeaningful.Butweneedtorememberthatwhatweseeonsocialmediaisoftennotthewholetruthaboutaperson.Sometimessmilingphotoscanhiderealproblems.OntheInternet,nobodyknowsyou'readog.Ayoungpersoncouldbeold;awomancouldbeaman;wecouldevenbesharingourinformationwithcriminals.3．Onlinefriendshipscanberealandmeaningfulifpeople________________________________

witheachother.(由画波浪线的句子可知，如果人们交换真实的个人信息，网上的友谊就是真实、有意义真的友谊)sharetruepersonalinformation④Butthisdoesn'tmeanthatweshouldthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater.Althoughtechnologyhaschangedthewayweacquire(获得)friends,themeaningoffriendshipandourlongingforfriendsremainthesame.AsAristotlesaid,noonewouldchoosetolivewithoutfriends,evenifhehadallothergoods.4．Thephrase“throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater”means“__________________________________”inChinese.(该句的字面意思为“把孩子连同洗澡水一起丢掉”，结合作者的观点可知，其引申含义为“丢弃不想要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西”)5．Thispassagemainlytalksabout_____________________________ofmakingfriendsonline.(通读全文可知，文章主要论述了在网上交友的优点和缺点)【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了网上交友的优缺点。丢弃不要的东西的同时失去宝贵的东西advantagesanddisadvantagesA人与自然—身边的自然现象与生态环境阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。Whenyouhearthewordshape-shifting,youmaythinkofsciencefictions,andnottheclimate.Butthat'swhatanimalsaredoingtodealwithclimatechange.

①Anewstudyshowsthatsomeanimalsaregraduallygrowinglargerbeaks(鸟喙),legsandears.Inthisway,theycanloseheatmoreeasilytocoolthemselvesdownastheearthgetswarmer1．Animalsaregrowinglargerbeaks,legsandearsmainlybecauseof

_____________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，动物的形态发生变化是因为天气变化)climatechange

“Alotofthetimewhenwetalkaboutclimatechange,weask‘Canhumansovercomethis？’or‘Whattechnologycansolvethis？’Butweshouldknowthatanimalsalsohavetoadapt(适应)tothesechanges，”saidthestudy'sauthor,SaraRyding,fromDeakinUniversity,Australia.

②Ifanimalsfailtocontroltheirbodytemperature,theycanoverheatanddie.

2．Fromthepassage,weknowanimalscanoverheatanddieifthey_____________theirbodytemperature.(由画波浪线的句子可知，如果动物不能控制它们的体温，它们会过热而死亡)failtocontrol

③Inoneexample,thebeaksofsomeAustralianparrotspecieshavegrown4to10percentlargersince1871.Thestudysaysit'scloselyrelatedtorisingsummertemperaturesovertheyears.Similarexamplesincludewoodmice.Theyhavelongertails.Maskedshrews(假面鼩鼱)aregettinglongertailsandlegs,andbats(蝙蝠)inwarmclimateshavebiggerwings.3．InParagraph4,animalssuchasbats,maskedshrews,__________________________andwoodmicehavethesimilarwaystodealwiththeclimatechange.(由画波浪线的句子可知，蝙蝠、假面鼩鼱、一些澳洲鹦鹉品种和木鼠等动物都有类似的方式来应对气候变化)someAustralianparrotspeciesAlthoughthechangesarestillsmall,Rydingsaidtheycouldbemoreobviousasthedaysbecomehotter.

“Bodypartslikeearsarepredictedtobebigger,sowemightendupwithalive-actionDumbo,big-earedelephantfromaDisneycartoon,inthenearfuture，”RydingtoldBBC.Althoughanimalsarechangingtheirbodyshapes,scientistswarnthatitdoesn'tmeaneverythingisfine.Itjustmeanstheyaretryinghardtolive.Notallanimalswillsucceed.

“Theclimatechangethatwehavecreatedisgivingawholelotofpressureonthem,andwhilesomeanimalswilladapt,otherswillnot，”saidRyding.4．Theunderlinedwordshape-shiftinginParagraph1means“____”inChinese.(通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是动物随着气候变化做出自身改变。结合shape-shifting中的shape可知，该词意为“变形”)5．Youmayreadthepassagein__________________.(通读全文可知，本文是一篇关于动物的科普文章，最有可能出自动物杂志)【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了气候的变化给动物带来了压力，我们需要采取措施来改变这种现状。变形ananimalmagazineB人与自然——身心健康阅读下面一篇短文，根据其内容填空。

①Whatmakespeoplegainweight?Thisseemslikeasimpleenoughquestiontoanswer.

①Ifweeatalotanddon'tdoenoughexercise,wewillbecomefat.However,thesciencebehindweightproblemsismorecomplicated(复杂的)thanwethink.

1．Peoplewillgainweightifthey__________________________________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，如果人们吃得多且不锻炼，他们将会增重)eatalotanddon'tdoenoughexerciseAsweknow,whatweeatgreatlyaffectsourweight.Itiswidelyacceptedthatpeoplehave100%controloverwhattheyeatandhowmuchtheyeat.This,however,isonlypartlytrue.Peopleformhabitsaroundfoodatayoungage.Youmayhardlytouchvegetableswhileovereatingfriedchicken.

②Meanwhile,theservingsizeandthebackgroundmusiccanbothaffecthowmuchweeat.2．Whatweeatisaffectedbyhabitsaroundfood,______________________________________.(由画波浪线的句子可知，饮食习惯、分量和背景音乐会影响我们的进食量)theservingsizeandthebackgroundmusic③Ourbodiesthemselvescandecidewhetherwearemorelikelytogainweightorloseweight.Scientistshavefoundthatthemoredeliciousthefoodis,themoreexcitedourbrainsget.Ifweoftenhavedeliciousfoodovertime,ourbrainswillchange.Comparedtopeopleofnormalweight,fatpeoplefeelmoreexcitedwhentheyseedeliciousfo