新视野英语教程(第二版)1unit10

NewHorizonEnglishCourseBook1(新视野英语教程)Unit10英语精品课程设计Unit10TableofContentsSectionA

WhyDoGirlsandBoysLearnDifferentlySectionB

DifferentWaysofTalkingSectionCPracticalWriting:SignsUnit10TopicDiscussion:GenderDifference1.Whodoyouthinkaresmarter—boysorgirls?2.What’sthedifferencebetweenboysandgirls?3.Discussthechartinthebookthatlistdifferentobjectsandactivitiesbetweenboysandgirls.SectionA

WhyDoGirlsandBoysLearnDifferently?Thankyou!Introduction

ThedifferencesbetweenboysandgirlsWhyDoGirlsandBoysLearnDifferently?

Doyoubelievethatonlyboysdowellinscience?Doesitseemtoyouthatgirlshavebettervocabulariesthanboys?Ifyouranswersare"yes",youmayberight,accordingtoanarticleinCurrentScience.Whileitisimportanttoreadthingswithanopenmind,herearesomeofthearticle'sfindings.

Onaverage,malesscorehigheronteststhatmeasuremathematicalreasoning,mechanicalability,andproblem-solvingskills.Females,ontheotherhand,dobetterontestsmeasuringvocabulary,spelling,andmemory.

Usually,too,babygirlstalkatanearlieragethanboysdo.Scientiststhinkthereisaphysicalreasonforthis.Theybelievethatnervesintheleftsideofthebraindevelopfasteringirlsthaninboys.Itisthissideofthebrainthatstronglyinfluencesaperson'sabilitytousewords,tospell,andtoremember.

Accordingtothearticle,bythetimetheystartschool,littlegirlshaveanadvantagethatboysdonothave:girlsarephysicallymorereadytorememberfacts,tospell,andtoread.These,ofcourse,areskillsthatareveryimportantaschildrenfirstbeginschool.

What,then,ishappeningwithboysduringtheiryearsbeforestartingschool?Somepeoplesaythatsocietyisteachingthemtobemoreforcefulthangirls.Aforcefulpersonissaidtobeunafraidofquestioningothers,andtobeanindependentthinker.

Whatproducessuchforceinlittleboys?Ithaslongbeenassumedthatitistheresultofchemistryinthemalebody.Scientiststoday,however,believethatthereareother,outside,factorstoo.Theysaysuchforceislearnedfromparents.

Ateamofresearchersdiscoveredthattherearestrongdifferencesbetweenhowboysandgirlsareraised:whiledaughtersintheirstudywereoftenkeptclosetotheirparents,sonswereencouragedtomoveontheirownandtodevelopindependence.

Asaresult,itiseasytounderstandwhylittlegirlsoftenperformschooltasksbetterthanboys,especiallyifthetaskrequiressittingstill,obeyingorders,andacceptingtheteacher'sideas.Agirlmaydoverywellinschool,whileaboythesameagemaybringhomelowermarks.Why,then,dosofewgirlsbecomegreatscientists?

Whileboysaretaughtinsocietytobemoreforceful,andtosolveproblemsthemselves,girls,ontheotherhand,arenotencouragedtobethisway.Girls,therefore,areoftenlimitedtogettinghighmarksinschoolforrememberingwhattheteacherhastoldthem,insteadofbeingallowedtoquestionwithoutfearlikeboys.

Intoday'sworld,mostpeoplebelievethatthissituationiswrong,andthatthereisasolution:ifmenandwomenwerebothencouragedtolearnandtosolveproblemsinthesameways,moreroomwouldbeavailableinsocietyfornewideasfromeveryone.

GettingtheMessageAnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothetext.1.Whoaregoodatvocabulary,spellingandmemory---boysorgirls?2.What’sthephysicalreasonsthatbabygirlstalkearlythanboys?3.What’saforcefulpersonlike?4.Howweredaughtersandsonsraiseddifferently?5.Whydosomanyboysbecomegreatscientists?

WordsandExpressions1.dowell/badly:advanceorperformsuccessfullyorunsuccessfully干得很好/糟糕e.g.Ihopeyou’lldobetterinthefuture.我希望你将来会干的好些。Thecompanyalwaysdoesbadlyatthistimeofyear.公司每年这个时候生意总是很不景气。2.solve:vt.findasolutionto,anexplanationof,orawayofdealingwith(something)解答，解决e.g.Canyousolvethisriddle?你能解开这个谜吗？Theteacherrequiredthestudentstosolvesomeproblemsbythemselves.老师要求学生们自己解决一些简单的问题。3.average:n.[C]themiddlevalueofasetofnumbers平均数，平均e.g.Everyyear,anaverageof85%ofthegraduatesfromourcollegefindjobsassoonastheygraduates.每年，我们学院平均有85%的毕业生一毕业就能找到工作。adj.1)mean;middle平均的e.g.Theaverageageoftheboysinthisclassistwelve.这个班学生的平均年龄为十二岁。2)ordinary;usual普通的；平常的e.g.Theaveragemanisnotinterestedinthissubject.普通人一般对这题目不感兴趣。on(the/an)average:平均；通常e.g.Ontheaverage,theirschoolholdsanEnglisheveningeverymonth.他们学校平均每月举办一次英语晚会。4.score:

v.gainorgiveacertainnumberofpointsinasport,game,orcompetition(在运动、游戏、竞赛等中)得（分）,进（球）e.g.Hewaspleasedtohavescoredthefirstgoalinthegame.他很高兴踢进了比赛中的第一个球。n.[c]thenumberofpoints,runs,marks,etc.madeinagame,competition,sports,etc.(运动,游戏,竞赛等中的)得分，分数，进球数e.g.MaryfeltashamedofherfinalscoreontheChinesetest.玛丽为她期末中的中文考试成绩感到羞愧。6.bythetime:when;notlaterthan当···时候；在···之前e.g.Bythetimeshecame,theclasswasover.

当她到达时，课已经结束了。Bythetimehegotthere,shehadalreadyleft.当他到达那里时，她已经走了。

5.nerve:n.

1)[c]thingthatcarriesfeelingsandmessagesthroughthebody神经e.g.Caffeineisasubstancethatstimulatesthenervesofthebody.咖啡因是种能刺激身体神经的物质。2）[u]courage,determinationandself-control勇气，意志力e.g.Shemeanttodoit,butshelosthernerveintheend.她打算就这么干，但最终却失却了勇气。7.advantage:n.[C]somethingthatmayhelponetobesuccessfulortogainafavoriteresult有利条件，优势，优点e.g.Thisplanhastheadvantagesofsimplicityandeaseofcontrol.这个计划具有简单和容易控制的优点。e.g.Thismethodhastheadvantageofsavingalotoffuel.这个方法具有节约大量燃料的优点。8.assume:vt.

1)believesomethingtobetruewithoutactuallyhavingproofthatitis;suppose假定，假设e.g.Mostpeopleassumethatactionsspeaklouderthanwords.大部分人认为行动胜于空谈（行动比言谈更重要）Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?假如明天下雨的话，我们该怎么办？2)takeorclaimforoneself;begintohaveoruse承担；担任e.g.Youwillassumeyournewdutiestomorrow.明天你就要担任新任务。

1.Studentsshouldbeencouragedtobe___thinkersindependentB)independenceC)advantageD)average2.Chaliethinksmoneywill___allhisproblems.PerformB)solveC)scoreD)force3.Thedoctorwas___anoperationtosavethepatient’slife.ActingB)limitingC)performingD)assuming4.Newmedicinesare___remarkableresultsinthetreatmentofcancer.FindingB)requiringC)solvingD)producing5.Youshouldreadmorebookstoenlargeyour___.VocabularyB)memoryC)brainD)score6.Thegoodweathercouldbeanimportant___intomorrow’sgame.FactB)factorC)forceD)activity7.Thiskindofplant___alotofwateratalltimes.A)AssumesB)limitsC)producesD)requires8.Soldiersareexpectedto___orders.ObeyB)askC)doD)fearUsingtheRightWordABCDABDASentenceStructure:CleftSentence

“It+be+被强调部分+that/who分句”e.g.1.Shelostherkeyonthewaytothestation.

Itwasonthewaytothestationthatshelostherkey.2.Johnenjoysplayingfootball.

ItisJohnwhoenjoysplayingfootball.Exercise

Rewritethefollowingsentences,usingacleftsentencetoemphasizetheunderlinedpartofasentence.

1.Ididn’tgetyourletteruntilyesterday.2.Shehasboughttwoticketsforthe7:30show.

3.Maryenjoysclassicalmusic.A.TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

1.等他到机场时，飞机已经起飞了。（bythetime）

2.在校园（campus）里，车速被限制在每小时30英里。（belimitedto）3.这对双胞胎姐妹（twinsisters）之间的不同之处在于：一个依赖父母，另一个却很自立。4.一方面汽车有用，可另一方面它们也造成污染（pollution).

TranslationB.TranslatethefollowingintoChineseOnaverage,malesscorehigheronteststhatmeasuremathematicalreasoning,mechanicalability,andproblem-solvingskills.2.

Itistheleftsideofthebrainthatstronglyinfluencesaperson’sabilitytousewords,tospell,andtoremember.3.Asaresult,itiseasytounderstandwhylittlegirlsoftenperformschooltasksbetterthanboys,especiallyifthetaskrequiressittingstill,obeyingorders,andacceptingtheteacher’sideas.4.Girls,therefore,areoftenlimitedtogettinghighmarksinschoolforrememberingwhattheteacherhastoldthem,insteadofbeingallowedtoquestionwithoutfearlikeboys.SectionBDifferentWaysofTalkingSectionB

(1)TopicDiscussion

(2)Text&DetailedStudy

(3)ExercisesTopicDiscussion1.Whatgiftsdidyouusuallygetwhenyouwerealittlegirl(oralittleboy)?2.Whogaveyouthesegifts?3.Didyoulikethemornot?Andwhy?4.Whatgamesdidyoulikewhenyouwerealittlegirl(oralittleboy)?5.Whatdidyourparentsexpectyoutobewhenyouwerealittlechild?GettingthemessageChoosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.1.WhenTommywasborn,thegiftshegotshowedthatpeopleexpectedhimtobe_____.A.quietB.forcefulC.cheerfulD.weak2.WhatkindofgamedoesJoylove?Shelovesto___.A.jumpropeB.playbasketballC.playfootballD.playtabletennis3.Whatdoes“everyboyknowshisplace”inParagraph5mean?___A.everyboyknowshisabilityB.everyboyknowshispositionC.everyboyknowshisauthorityD.everyboyknowshisadvantage4.WecanfindoutfromParagraph6thatgirlsliketoplay___A.inalargegroupB.inasmallgroupC.withstrangersD.withboys5.Tommybecomespopularthrough_____.A.hisfriends’helpB.hisparents’helpC.hisownabilityD.hissister’shelpBABBCWordsandExpressions1.gift:n.!)[C]apresent礼物，赠品e.g.Thisisaveryspecialbirthdaygiftforme!

2)[C]anaturalabilitytodosomething;talent天赋；才能e.g.Hehasthegiftofspeakingwell.他天生能说会道。2.takecareof:

1)lookafter照顾；看护e.g.Hergrandfatherisveryoldandsheisalwaystakingcareofhim.她的祖父年纪很大了，她一直都在照顾他。