2023年菏泽市巨野县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题含解析_第1页
2023年菏泽市巨野县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题含解析_第2页
2023年菏泽市巨野县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题含解析_第3页
2023年菏泽市巨野县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题含解析_第4页
2023年菏泽市巨野县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题含解析_第5页
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2023年菏泽市巨野县考研《英语一》全真模拟试题SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ifwewanttomakefriends,let’sputourselvesouttodothingsforotherpeople---thingsthatrequiretime,energy,unselfishness,andthoughtfulness.WhentheDukeofWindsorwasthePrinceofWales,hewastotourSouthAmerica,andbeforeheonthattourhespentmonthsstudyingSpanishsothathecouldmakepublictalksinthelanguageofthecountry;andtheSouthAmericanshimforit.ForyearsIconsidereditimportanttofindouttheofmyfriends.How?AlthoughIdon’thavefaithinastrology(占星术),Ibeganbyaskingmyfriendswhetherheorshethedateofone’sbirthhasanythingtodowithandpersonality.Ithenaskedhimorhertotellmethemonthanddayofbirth.heorshesaid,“November24,”forexample,Ikepttomyself,“November24,November24.”Theminutemyfriend’sbackwas,Iwrotedownthenameandbirthdayandwouldtransfer(转写)ittoabirthdaybook.Atthebeginningofeachyear,Ihadthesebirthdaydatesscheduledinmycalendarpadsothattheycametomyautomatically.Whenthebirthday,therewasmyletterortelegram.Whatabigitwas!Iwasfrequentlytheonlypersononearthwho.Ifwewanttomakefriends,let’speoplewithenthusiasm.Whensomebodycallsyouonthetelephone,say“Hello”intonesthatsuggesthowyouaretohavethepersoncall.Manycompaniestraintheirtelephoneoperatorstogreetallcallersinatonethatshowsinterestand.Thecallersfeelthecompanyisaboutthem.Let’srememberthatwhenweanswerthetelephonetomorrow.Showingagenuineinothersnotonlywinsfriendsforyou,butmayinitscustomersaloyaltytoyourcompany.1、A.plannedB.forcedC.permittedD.scheduled2、A.carriedoutB.workedoutC.setoutD.turnedout3、A.enviedB.criticizedC.lovedD.expected4、A.plansB.birthdaysC.worriesD.secrets5、A.noticedB.believedC.caredD.imagined6、A.characterB.talentC.habitsD.beliefs7、A.IfB.SinceC.WhileD.Unless1320、A.countingB.provingC.explainingD.repeating8、A.hiddenB.coveredC.turnedD.examined9、A.insteadB.laterC.againD.still10、A.attentionB.controlC.touchD.support11、A.arrivedB.appearedC.lastedD.passed12、A.recordB.challengeC.embarrassmentD.surprise13、A.expectedB.promisedC.discoveredD.remembered14、A.praiseB.greetC.helpD.encourage15、A.peacefulB.worriedC.pleasedD.nervous16、A.surpriseB.enthusiasmC.shockD.imagination17、A.worriedB.curiousC.carefulD.concerned18、A.faithB.prideC.interestD.understanding19、A.developB.prepareC.involveD.ShareSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1Everybodyhatesit,buteverybodydoesit.Arecentreportsaidthat40%ofAmericanshatetipping.InAmericaalone,tippingisa$16billion-a-yearindustry.Consumersactingpolitelyoughtnottopaymorethantheyhavetoforagivenservice.Tipsshouldnotexist.Sowhydothey?Thecommonopinioninthepastwasthattipsbothrewardedtheeffortsofgoodserviceandreduceduncomfortablefeelingsofinequality.Andalso,tippingmakesforcloserrelations.Itwentwithoutsayingthatthebettertheservice,thebiggerthetip.ButaccordingtoanewresearchfromCornellUniversity,tipsnolongerserveanyusefulfunction.Thepaperanalyzesnumberstheygotfrom2,547groupsdiningat20differentrestaurants.Theconnectionbetweenlargertipsandbetterservicewasveryweak.Onlyatinypartofthesizeofthetiphadanythingtodowiththequalityofservice.Tippingisbetterexplained,byculturethanbythemoneypeoplespend.InAmerica,thecustomcameintobeingalongtimeago.Itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice.InNewYorkrestaurants,failingtotipatleast15%couldwellmeandissatisfactionfromthecustomers.Hairdresserscanexpecttogetl5%-20%,andthemanwhodeliversyourfastfood$2.InEurope,tippingislesscommon.Inmanyrestaurantstheamountoftipisdecidedbyastandardservicecharge.InmanyAsiancountries,tippinghasneverreallycaughtonatall.Onlyafewhavereallytakentotipping.AccordingtoMichaelLynn,theCornellpapers’author,countriesinwhichpeoplearemoresocialoroutgoingtendtotipmore.Tippingmayreduceanxietyaboutbeingservedbystrangers.AndMr.Lynnsays,“InAmerica,wherepeopleareexpressiveandeagertomixupwithothers,tippingisaboutsocialapproval.Ifyoutipbadly,peoplethinklessofyou.Tippingwellisachancetoshowoff.”1、Thispassageismainlyabout.A.differentkindsoftippingindifferentcountriesB.therelationshipbetweentippingandcustomC.theoriginandpresentmeaningoftippingD.mostAmericanpeoplehatetipping2、Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedphrase“caughton”?A.becomepopular.B.beenhated.C.beenstopped.D.beenpermitted3、Amongthefollowingsituations,inyouropinion,whoislikelytotipmost?A.AFrenchmanjustquarreledwiththebarberwhodidhishairbadlyinNewYork.B.AnAmericanjusthadawonderfuldinnerinawellknownrestaurantinNewYork.C.AJapanesebusinessmanaskedforapizzadeliveryfromaPizzaHutinNewYork.D.AChinesestudentenjoyedhismealinafamousfastfoodrestaurantinNewYork.4、Wecaninferfromthispassagethat.A.tippingisnolongeragoodwaytosatisfysomecustomersthemselvesB.tippingisespeciallypopularinNewYorkC.tippinginAmericacanmakeservicebetternowD.tippinghassomethingtodowithpeople’scharacterText2Wheneversomethinglooksinterestingorbeautiful,there'sanaturalimpulsetocatchandownit—whichmeans,inthisdayandage,thatwecan'thelpreachingforourphonestotakeapicturewhenseeingbeautifulthings.Thoughthiswouldseemtobeawonderfulsolution,therearetwobigproblemsabouttakingpictures.Firstly,we'relikelytobesobusytakingthepicturesthatweforgettolookattheworldwhosebeautyandinterestinspireustotakeaphotographinthefirstplace.Andsecondly,becausewefeelthepicturesaresafelystoredinourphones,wenevergetaroundtolookatthem.Theseproblemswouldseemtobeverymuchoftoday,aconsequenceofthetinyphonesinourpockets.Buttheywerenoticedrightatthebeginningofthehistoryofphotography,whentheaveragecamerawasthesizeofagrandfatherclock.ThefirstpersonwhonoticedthemwastheEnglishartcritic,JohnRuskin.Hewasatravellingloverwhorealizedthatmosttouristsfailedtonoticeorrememberthebeautifulthingstheysaw.Hearguedthathumanshaveaborntendency(倾向)torespondtobeautyanddesiretokeepit,butthattherearebadexpressionsofthisdesire.Atworst,wegetintobuyingsouvenirsortakingphotographs.But,inRuskin'seyes,there'sonethingweshoulddoandthatisattemptingtodrawtheinterestingthingswesee,anditdoesn'tmatterwhetherwehappentohaveanytalentfordoingso.Beforetheinventionofphotography,peopleusedtodrawfarmorethantheydotoday.Itwasanactivenecessity.Butinthemid-19thcentury,photographykilleddrawing.Itbecamesomethingonly"artists"wouldeverdo,soRuskinspentfouryearsonacampaigntogetpeopledrawingagain.Soifdrawinghadvalueevenwhenitwaspracticedbypeoplewithnotalent,itwasforRuskinbecausedrawingcanteachustonoticeproperlyratherthanwatchabsent-mindedly(心不在焉地).Whendescribingwhatliesbeforeoureyeswithourownhands,wenaturallymovefromapositionofobservingbeautyinaloosewaytoonewhereweacquireadeepunderstandingofitsparts.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"impulse"mean?A.Interest.B.Urge.C.Habit.D.Reaction.2、WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Aneffectivesolutiontostoringsomethingnice.B.Reasonsfortakingpicturesinthefirstplace.C.Problemsrelatedwithtakingphotos.D.Methodsofstoringpicturesinphones.3、ItcanbeinferredthatJohnRuskin______.A.livedattheoriginofphotographyB.livedattheoriginofdrawingC.studiedthehistoryofphotographyD.wasanEnglishliteraturecritic4、HowdidJohnRuskinadviseustorememberourtravel?A.Bytakingphotographs.B.Bybuyingmeaningfulsouvenirs.C.Bywritingsometravelnotes.D.Bytryingdrawingwhatwesee.Text3Lackofinexpensive,reliableenergydeliveryisoneofthechiefbarrierstogrowthanddevelopmentinsub-SaharanAfrica.Nearlyseventypercentofpeoplelivingintheregionlackaccesstoelectricity,forcingthemtospendsignificantamountsoftheirincomeoncostlyandunhealthyformsofenergysuchasdiesel(柴油)fueltorungeneratorsandkerosene(煤油)forlanterns.ButifthereisonethingAfricaisnotlacking,itissunshine.Andthatmeansalot;indeed,forsomeoftheworld’spoorestpeople,itmakesallthedifferenceintheworld.Alittlemorethanayearago,PowerAfrica—aU.S.Governmentinitiative(倡议)coordinatedbytheU.S.AgencyforInternationalDevelopment,orUSAID—andPowerAfrica’spartners,theUnitedKingdomDepartmentforInternationalDevelopment,ShellFoundation,andtheAfricanDevelopmentBank,startedtheScalingOff-GridEnergyGrandChallengeforDevelopment,withafocusonpay-as-you-gosolarhomesystems.TheChallenge’sgoalistoprovide20millionoff-grid(离网)householdsinsub-SaharanAfricawithclean,affordableelectricityby2030.Sofar,theChallengehasmade40-plusinvestmentsinearly-stage,off-gridenergycompanies,whichareexpectedtoresultinsome4.8millionnewelectricalconnections.Onereasonforthesuccessofthestart-upcompaniesthathavewongrants(资助)fromtheChallengeisthefactthatthecostofsolartechnologyisfallingfast,soitiswithinthemeansofthosewholiveawayfromtraditionalpowergrids.Andthankstothenewsystemofmobilemoneyandpay-as-you-gofinancing,theycanpurchasethesolarpower-generatingequipmenttheyneedandpayforitindailyinstallments(分期付款)fromtheirtelephones,foraslittleas15centsaday.Thankstothesetechnologicalandfinancialinnovations(创新),manypeoplearegettingelectricityforthefirsttimeeveryday.Inthesenewly-electrifiedcommunities,businessescanboom,clinicscansafelystorevaccinesandstudentsmaystudylongafterdark.Indeed,accesstocleanandreliableelectricitycanenableentirecommunitiestoescapethecycleofextremepoverty.1、Whatisthemainproblempeopleinsub-SaharanAfricaarefacedwith,accordingtoParagraph1?A.Theyarelackofelectricity.B.Theyarelackofdieselfuelandkerosene.C.Theyarelackofmoney.D.Theyarelackofsunshine.2、What’stheaimofPowerAfrica?A.Tomakepeoplericher.B.Tomakepeoplehealthier.C.Toprovidepeoplewithcleanfoodandwater.D.Toprovidepeoplewithinexpensiveelectricity.3、WhichisNOTthereasonforthesuccessofthestart-upcompanies?A.Thecostofsolartechnologyisdropping.B.Theyliveawayfromtraditionalpowergrids.C.Theycanusethenewsystemofmobilemoneyandpay-as-you-gofinancing.D.Theycanpayfortheequipmentindailylowinstallments.4、Thetextisespeciallyhelpfulforthosewhocareabout________.A.agricultureB.environmentC.technologyD.educationText4Policearoundtheworldhaveforalmost100yearsreliedonliedetectorstohelpspotcriminals.Buttherehaslongbeenmuchskepticisminthescientificandlegalcommunitiesabouttheliedetector’sreliability.Hopefully,itcouldsoonbenolongerinuse.ResearchersinBritainandtheNetherlandshavemadeabreakthrough,developingamorereliablemethodtohelpconductinterviews.Ratherthanjustrecordchangesinpulse,bloodpressure,sweatingandbreathing,thenewsysteminvolvesmonitoringfull-bodymotionstoprovideanindicatorofsignsofguiltyfeelings.Thereisabasicfactthatliarstendtokeepmovingtheirhandsandfeetandsoanall-bodymotionsuitwillpickthisup.Thesuitcontains17sensorsthatrecordmovementin23jointsupto120timespersecond.“Theliedetectorhasbeenaroundsincethe1920sandbymeasuringphysiologicalstresscausedbyanxiety,youcanonlygetasuccessrateofabout60%.”,saidRossAnderson,professorofsecurityengineeringatCambridgeUniversity.Hesaidthenewmethod,bycontrast,achievedareliabilityratingofover70%andhewasquitesurethattheywouldbeabletodobetter.Inoneoftheirexperiments,theteamhasalreadyachievedmorethan80%.Theexperimentinvolved180studentsandemployeesatLancasterUniversity,ofwhichhalfweretoldtotellthetruthandhalftolie.Theywereeachpaid£7.50fortheirparticipationinthe70-minuteexperiment,involvingtwotest.Somewereinterviewedaboutacomputergame“NeverEnd”thattheyplayedforsevenminutes,whileothersliedaboutplayingithavingonlybeenshownnotesaboutit.Thesecondtestinvolvedalostwalletcontaining£5.Somewereaskedtobringthewallettoalost-and-foundboxwhileothershiditandliedaboutit.“Overall,wecorrectlyclassified82.2%oftheintervieweesaseitherbeingtruthfulordishonest.”,thereportsaid.Buttheuseofall-bodysuitsisexpensive—theycostabout£30,000—andcanbeuncomfortable,soAndersonandhiscolleaguesarenowlookingatlow-costalternatives.1、Theresearchersusedtheall-bodymotionsuitto.A.discoverpeople’sjointproblemsB.recordpeople’schangesintheirhealthC.helpfindoutinterviewees’mentalactivitiesD.preventliarsfrommovingtheirhandsandfeet2、Whatisthemaindisadvantageoftheliedetector?A.IthasalowsuccessrateB.ItisveryuncomfortableC.ItistoocomplextouseD.Itcostsalotofmoney3、HowdoesAndersonfeelaboutthenewmethod?A.ConfusedB.ConfidentC.DoubtfulD.DisappointedPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)KiwisareendangeredlittlebirdsnativetoNewZealandIt1.(believe)thatthesesmallbirdsexistasaresultofNewZealand’sisolation(隔离)fromtheotherpartsoftheworld,forcinganimalsthere2.(adapt)andevolve(进化)soastobeabletosurviveandreproduceTheevolutioniswhathasledtothepresent3.(appear)ofthekiwibirdKiwisareanationalsymbolofNewZealand,withthenamekiwi4.(be)associatedwithmanythingsinNewZealandincludingtheirfamousrugbynationalteamKiwishaveexcellentmemoriesandcanremembersomethingthat5.(happen)aslongasfiveyearsbackEventhoughtheyhavefeathers,theirfeatherslookandfeel6.(much)likehairratherthanfeathersThisenablesthemtobeabletohideinabushandgo7.(complete)unnoticedbytheirnaturalenemiesUnlikemostbirds,thekiwibirdhasagreatsenseofsmell8.enablesthemtosniffoutprey(猎物)hiddeninbushesandundergroundThesmallestkiwibirdhas9.heightof45centimetersandwightof2kilogramswhilethelargestkiwicangrow10.50centimeterstallandcanweigh11.5kilograms语法填空Formanyyoungpeople,1.(go)touniversityisoneofthemostimportant2.(stage)oftheirlivesItisthetimewhenyoungpeoplewillmoveoutof3.(they)hometolivewithotherpeople,oftenstrangers

4.(especial)intheUS,peopleoftentravelveryfarfromhometostudyItisatimetobe

5.(dependence)Atuniversity,you

6.(teach)bylecturesandprofessorswhoareleadingfiguresintheirstudyTheopportunitytolearnfromandtodiscusswiththemis

7.drivessomepeopletoapplytouniversityStudentsarerequiredtochooseamajorthattheywishtostudyApart8.theacademicbenefit,life

atuniversitycanalsoallowstudents

9.(develop)theirinterestsinmanyfieldsTherefore,universityisaplace10.youattainknowledge,todevelopyourvaluesandacceptthosewhomaybedifferentSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Examanxietyissomethingthatalmosteverypersonexperiencesduringhisorherstudentlife.1、.However.ifstudentsspendalltheirtimefeelinganxious,alotofvaluabletimewouldbewasted.Inthiscompetitiveworld;examscauseatotofnervousnesstostudents.Forsome.examanxietyencouragesthemtoworkharder.whileforothersitmaybetherootforpoorperformance.leadingtofailureinexamsandlackofconfidence.2、.Theywillhavealowopinionofthemselveseveniftheyhavepreparedwell.Oneofthemostimportantmethodsofavoidingexamanxietyis3、.Studyingregularlyforafewhourshelpsincreasetheconfidenceofstudents.Ifstudentsarenotabletohandleanxiety.theycantalktotheirteachersandfriendstorelaxthemselves4、.Creatingapeacefulapeacefulandrelaxingatmosphereathomecanbeequallyhelpful.5、.Studentstendtoavoidsleeportheydon’thavemealsduetoanxiety.butitisharmfultotheirstudyandhealth.It’sbetterthatstudentsshouldplantheirtimereasonablyandtakeproperbreaksbetweenstudyingA.Infact.somestudentsaleanxiousbynatureB.tocommunicatewithothersC.LittleanxietyhelpsoneconcentrateD.TosleepandeatwellisequallyimportantE.topreparewellinadvance.F.FairingtohandleitmayresultinpooracademicperformanceG.ParentsalsoavoidputtingpressureontheirkidstodowellLivinginaculturethatisdifferentfromyourowncanbebothanexcitingandchallengingexperience.Youhavetolearndifferentculturalpracticesandtrytoadapttothem.1、Theytalkaboutto

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