托福阅读语法技巧：形容词 动词不定式

Word版本，下载可自由编辑托福阅读语法技巧：形容词动词不定式Asurveyisastudy,generallyintheformofanintervieworaquestionnairethatprovidesinformationconcerninghowpeoplethinkandIntheUnitedStates,thebest-knownsurveysaretheGalluppollandtheHarrisAsanyonewhowatchesthenewsduringpresidentialcampaignsknows,thesepollshavebecomeanimportantpartofpoliticallifeintheUnited

NorthAmericansarefamiliarwiththemanyperson-on-the-streetinterviewsonlocaltelevisionnewsWhilesuchinterviewscanbehighlyentertaining,theyarenotnecessarilyanaccurateindicationofpublicFirst,theyreflecttheopinionsofonlythosepeoplewhoappearatacertainThus,suchsamplescanbebiasedinfavorofcommuters,middle-classshoppers,orfactoryworkers,dependingonwhichareathenewspeopleSecond,televisioninterviewstendtoattractoutgoingpeoplewhoarewillingtoappearontheair,whiletheyfrightenawayotherswhomayfeelintimidatedbyaAsurveymustbebasedonaprecise,representativesamplingifitistogenuinelyreflectabroadrangeofthe

Inpreparingtoconductasurvey,sociologistsmustexercisegreatcareinthewordingofAneffectivesurveyquestionmustbesimpleandclearenoughforpeopletounderstandItmustalsobespecificenoughsothattherearenoproblemsininterpretingtheEvenquestionsthatarelessstructuredmustbecarefullyphrasedinordertoelicitthetypeofinformationSurveyscanbeindispensablesourcesofinformation,butonlyifthesamplingisdoneproperlyandthequestionsareworded

Therearetwomainformsofsurveys:theinterviewandtheEachoftheseformsofsurveyresearchhasitsAninterviewercanobtainahighresponseratebecausepeoplefinditmoredifficulttoturndownapersonalrequestforaninterviewthantothrowawayawrittenInaddition,aninterviewercangobeyondwrittenquestionsandprobeforasubject'sunderlyingfeelingsandHowever,questionnaireshavetheadvantageofbeingcheaperandmore

Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

(A)ThehistoryofsurveysinNorthAmerica

(B)Theprinciplesofconductingsurveys

(C)Problemsassociatedwithinterpretingsurveys

(D)TheimportanceofpollsinAmericanpoliticallife

Thewordtheyinline8refersto

(A)NorthAmericans

(B)newsshows

(C)interviews

(D)opinions

Accordingtothepassage,themaindisadvantageofperson-on-the-streetinterviewsisthat

they

(A)arenotbasedonarepresentativesampling

(B)areusedonlyontelevision

(C)arenotcarefullyworded

(D)reflectpoliticalopinions

Thewordpreciseinline13isclosestinmeaningto

(A)planned

(B)rational

(C)required

(D)accurate

Accordingtoparagraph3,whichofthefollowingismostimportantforaneffectivesurvey?

(A)Ahighnumberofrespondents

(B)Carefullywordedquestions

(C)Aninterviewer'sabilitytomeasurerespondents'feelings

(D)Asociologistwhoisabletointerprettheresults

Thewordexerciseinline15isclosestinmeaningto

(A)utilize

(B)consider

(C)design

(D)defend

Thewordelicitinline19isclosestinmeaningto

(A)compose

(B)ruleout

(C)predict

(D)bringout

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatonereasonthatsociologistsmaybecomefrustrated

withquestionnairesisthat

(A)respondentsoftendonotcompleteandreturnquestionnaires

(B)questionnairesareoftendifficulttoread

(C)questionnairesareexpensiveanddifficulttodistribute

(D)respondentsaretooeagertosupplementquestionswiththeirownopinions

Accordingtothepassage,oneadvantageofliveinterviewsoverquestionnairesisthatlive

interviews

(A)costless

(B)canproducemoreinformation

(C)areeasiertointerpret

(D)minimizetheinfluenceoftheresearcher

Thewordprobeinline26isclosestinmeaningto

(A)explore

(B)influence

(C)analyze

(D)apply

Whichofthefollow