英语在线课堂-动词时态

圣泉中学在线课堂-----初中英语动词时态Lecturer:zhangli导言

动词的时态是安徽中考单项填空的必考点，每年涉及12道，共考查12次。六大时态均有涉及，其中一般过去时考查3次、现在进行时考查3次、一般将来时考查2次、现在完成时考查2次、一般现在时考查1次、过去进行时考查1次。语境设置一般会有时间提示词，但也会少量设置根据语境理解判断时态的试题。判断下面句子的时态1.Mymotheralwayscooksdeliciousfoodforme.2.MrsZhangishavinganEnglishclassforthestudentsonline.3.ImetmybestfriendinYonghuiSupermarketyesterday.4.Itisgoingtorainnextweek.5.Over300studentshavealreadyjoinedinouronlineclass.如何确定句子时态？上面6个句子所涉及的时态分别是：一般现在时，现在进行时，一般过去时，一般将来时和现在完成时。确定时态的依据：1.时间状语2.谓语动词的形式

六大基本时态

时态类型

谓语动词的形式

一般现在时am/is/are；do/does

一般过去时was/were;did

一般将来时am/is/aregoingto+be/dowill+be/do

现在进行时am/is/are+doing

过去进行时was/were+doing

现在完成时have/has+done判断下面句子的时态1.Maryseldomgooutsideinsuchhotweather.2.TheywentonatriptoGuizhoulastweek.3.ThehousingpriceinHefeiwillkeeprising.4.MrWanghasworkedherefor10years.5.Thestudentswerelisteningtoclasscarefullyatthistimeyesterday.6.Theworkersarerepairingthebuildinginthesun.

一般现在时1.构成：动词原形或第三人称单数形式（当主语为第三人称单数时）。2.用法：（1）表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。Iusuallygetupatsixinthemorning.

(2)

表示客观和真理Theearthgoesaroundthesun.(3)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时，从句就用一般现在时（主将从现）Iwillbehappyifyou________(listen)toEnglishclasscarefully.3.时间标志词（1）表示频率的副词或短语：always,sometimes.usually,often,hardly,never,seldom,onceaweek,twiceamonth,threetimesayear等。（2）表示现在时间的副词或短语：now,today,onMondays,inthemorning,everyday等。4.基本句式结构

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句am/is/aream/is/are+notbe动词提到句首行为动词(do/does)don't/doesn't+动词原形助动词do/does放句首Tomisastudent.(肯定)Tomisn'tastudent.(否定)IsTomastudent?

(一般疑问)Marylikesplayingthepiano.(肯定)Marydoesn'tlikeplayingthepiano.

(否定)DoesMarylikeplayingthepiano?

(一般疑问)实战演练1.John_________(clean)hisbedroomonceaweek.2.Myfatheralways__________(work)lateintothenight.3.I_________(do)myhomeworkforthreehourseveryday.实战演练4.---Whatdoyouoftendoatweekends?---Ioften________mygrandparents.A.visitB.visitedC.havevisitedD.willvisit5.Kevinwillgivelesshomeworktohisstudentsifhe______ateacher.A.becomesB.becomeC.becomeD.becoming实战演练6.Therearesomeflowersinthegarden.(改为否定句和一般疑问句)否定：____________________________________.疑问：____________________________________.7.Fredplanstoworkinacharityhospital.(同上)否定：____________________________________.疑问：____________________________________.一般过去时1.谓语动词的形式：was/were;实义动词的过去式（规则动词+ed;不规则动词要背诵）2.用法：表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。HeinvitedhisfriendstohisbirthdaypartylastSunday.3.时间状语：yesterday,lastweek,threedaysago,in1990,justnow,attheageof...等4.基本句式结构

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句was/werewas/were+notbe动词提到句首行为动词(did)didn't+动词原形Did+主语+do(动词原形)1.Iwasathomeyesterday.

否：

疑：2.Heworkedinacarfactoryfiveyearsago.

否：

疑：1.Iwasathomeyesterday.

否：Iwasn'tathomeyesterday.

疑：Wereyouathomeyesterday?2.Heworkedinacarfactoryfiveyearsago.

否:

Hedidn'tworkinacarfactoryfiveyearsago.

疑:Didheworkinacarfactoryfiveyearsago?中考再现1.You________(promise)metogoshoppingwithmeyesterday,soyoucan'tbreakit.2.---Whendidyoucome?---I_______(come)heretwodaysago.3.Mary_______thedoorandputdownherschoolthings.A.opensB.openedC.hasopenedD.isopening4.Theteacherisalreadystandinghere.Doyouknwowhenshe_______.A.comesB.cameC.iscomingD.wascoming中考再现1.Youpromisedmetogoshoppingwithmeyesterday,soyoucan'tbreakit.2.---Whendidyoucome?---Icameheretwodaysago.3.MaryBthedoorandputdownherschoolthings.A.opensB.openedC.hasopenedD.isopening4.Theteacherisalreadystandinghere.DoyouknwowhensheBA.comesB.cameC.iscomingD.wascoming短文填空

Lastsummervocation,myfamily_______(have)atriptoInnerMongolia.We_______(take)theplanethere.Myson_______(be)veryexcitedbecauseitwasthefirsttimeforhimtotakeaplane.We_______(do)alotofinterestingactivitiesthere.Onthefirst,we______(enjoy)theblueskyandthegreengrass.Thenwe_______(visit)thesciencemuseum.Afterthat,we_______(eat)thetraditionalfoodofInnerMongolia----roastmutton.Thenextday,we_______(ride)horsesand_______(play)withthesandattheRingingSand.We_______(spend)thenightinaMongolianyurt.Wehadawonderfultimethere.短文填空

Lastsummervocation,myfamilyhad(have)atriptoInnerMongolia.Wetook(take)theplanethere.Mysonwas(be)veryexcitedbecauseitwasthefirsttimeforhimtotakeaplane.Wedid(do)alotofinterestingactivitiesthere.Onthefirst,weenjoyed(enjoy)theblueskyandthegreengrass.Thenwevisited(visit)thesciencemuseum.Afterthat,weate(eat)thetraditionalfoodofInnerMongolia----roastmutton.Thenextday,werode(ride)horsesandplayed(play)withthesandattheRingingSand.Wespent(spend)thenightinaMongolianyurt.Wehadawonderfultimethere.一般将来时1.谓语动词的形式：will（shall用于第一人称）+动词原形;begoingto+动词原形2.用法:(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，一般用will+动词原形.(2)表示计划，打算做某事，或有某种迹象表明要发生的事，一般用begoingto.Iamgoingtoworkhardnextterm.Lookatthedarkclouds,thereisgoingtobeastorm.(3)表示位移的动词如：go,come,leave,start,arrive,等用现在进行时表示即将发生的事。SamisleavingforShanghaitomorrow.(4)在以if,assoonas,unless等引导的时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（主将从现）Iwillgojoggingintheparkifitdoesn'traintomorrow.3.时间状语：tomorrow,nextmonth,soon,in10minutes,in2050等Whatwillyoubelikein20years?4.基本结构

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句begoingtodobenotgoingtodobe动词提到句首will/shalldowon't/shan'tdowill/shall提到句首1.HeisgoingtoplaytenniswithKatethisafternoon.否定：____________________________________.疑问：____________________________________.2.PresidentObamawillvisitChinanextMonday.否定：____________________________________.疑问：____________________________________.实战演练：将下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句1.HeisgoingtoplaytenniswithKatethisafternoon.

否:Heisn'tgoingtoplaytenniswithKatethisafternoon疑:IshegoingtoplaytenniswithKatethis.

2.PresidentObamawillvisitChinanextMonday.否:PresidentObamawon'tvisitChinanextMonday疑:WillPresidentObamavisitChinanextMonday实战演练：将下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句5.特别拓展：Therebe句型的一般将来时Therewillbe...Thereisgoingtobe...There______afootballmatchinourschoolnextweek.A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.isgoingD.willbe实战演练：Ithink,inthefuture,ourlife_______(be)differentfromnow.People___________(notdo)anyhardjobs,becauserobotscanhelpus.I_________(have)atleasttworobots.Onewillhelpmedosomecooking.Theotherone________(do)allthehousework.ThenI_________(have)enoughtimetoenjoymyself.Students________(notstudy)atschoolbutathome.They_________(have)lessonsat10:00inthemorning.There________(notbe)money,becauseeverything_________(be)free.I__________(travel)allovertheworldand________(fly)tothemoonbyrocket.Weneverknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture,butIstronglybelieveit__________(become)betterandbetter.实战演练：Ithink,inthefuture,ourlifewillbe(be)differentfromnow.Peoplewon'tdo(notdo)anyhardjobs,becauserobotscanhelpus.Iwillhave(have)atleasttworobots.Onewillhelpmedosomecooking.Theotheronewilldo(do)allthehousework.ThenIwillhave(have)enoughtimetoenjoymyself.Studentswon'tstudy(notstudy)atschoolbutathome.Theywillhave(have)lessonsat10:00inthemorning.Therewon'tbe(notbe)money,becauseeverythingwillbe(be)free.Iwilltravel(travel)allovertheworldand

fly(fly)tothemoonbyrocket.Weneverknowwhatwillhappeninthefuture,butIstronglybelieveitwillbecome(become)betterandbetter.进行时态1.谓语动词的构成形式：现在进行时：am/is/are+doing(动词的现在分词)过去进行时：was/were+doing2.用法：（1）现在进行时：a.表示现在（即说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。JackiswatchingTVnow.b.表示当前一段时间内或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。We'restudyinghardthissummervocation.c.有些动词如表示感觉的感官动词（如:see,hear,notice...）和表示态度、情感、心理状态的词（如：like,want,hope,know,agree,believe...）无进行时。（2）过去进行时：a.表示过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。Whatwereyoudoingateighto'clocklastnight?b.在含有when或while引导的时间状语从句的复合句中。Whatwereyoudoingwhentheteachercamein?3.时间状语：（1）现在进行时的时间状语：now,atpresent,thesedays

或暗示词：look,listen,canyouhear...eg:Look!Thetwinsarehelpingtheirmotherdoinghousework.(2)过去进行时的时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime,at7o'clock;以when和while引导的时间状语从句。eg:---Whatwereyoudoingat7yesterdayevening?---Iwaspreparingtheclass.4.基本结构：

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句am/is/are+doingam/is/are+not+doingbe动词提到句首was/were+doingwas/were+not+doingbe动词提到句首实战演练：将下列句子变为否定句和一般疑问句1.WearehavinganEnglishclassnow.否定：____________________________________.疑问：____________________________________.2.Theywerecleaningtheclassroomatthistimeyesterday.否定：____________________________________.疑问：____________________________________.中考在线：1.Look!Thepassengerinfrontofyou_____________(play)hiscomputer.2.Bequiet,please.Thebaby______________(sleep)now.3.She____________(chat)withherfriendsonlineatfiveyesterdayafternoon.4.I______________(watch)TVwhenmyauntreachedmyhome.5.---Hello!IsthatEmilyspeaking?---Sorry,thisisJack,Emily'sson.Mymother_______inthekitchen.A.cooksB.cookedC.iscookingD.hascooked6.---Icalledyouthismorning,butnobodyansweredit.---Oh,we_______somerunninginthepark.A.aredoingB.weredoingC.havedoneD.did7.Whilethegirl_______,thealiengotout.A.isshoppingB.wasshoppingC.shoppedD.wentshopping中考在线：现在完成时1.谓语动词的构成形式：have/has+done(动词的过去分词)2.用法：（1）表示过去发生的事或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。---Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?---Yes,Ihave.I'vejusthadit.(现在不饿了)（2）表示在过去某一时间开始的动作一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续持续下去，常和表示一段时间的状语连用（since,for），Ihavebeenatthisschoolforovertenyears.Howlonghaveyoustudiedinthisschool?注意：常见的短暂性动词在与for/since等表示段时间连用时，要转化为相应的延续性动词HehasbecomeaCEOfor5years.×

HehasbeenaCEOfor5years.

√常用的非延续性动词与延续性动词的转化borrow→keepbuy→havebegin→beondie→bedeadcome/arrive→bein/hereleave→beawayclose→beclosedopen→beopenjoin→bein/beamemberoffallasleep→beasleepmarry→bemarried1.Thefilm__________(begin)tenminutesago.→Thefilm_____________(begin)fortenminutes.2.Thefamouswriter________(die)in2015.→Thefamouswriter_____________(die)foroneyear.3.时间状语：already,just,yet,before,sofar,inthepast/lasttenyears,forthreedays,since1998,since+一般过去时4.基本结构：

肯定句

否定句

一般疑问句have/has+been/donehave/hasnot+been/done助动词have/has提到句首

现在完成时要注意的两点1.havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin的区别havebeento去过某地（说话时已回来），后可接次数once,twice等；havegoneto

去了某地（说话时还没回来）havebeenin

在某地呆多久，常与时间状语连用

用havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin填空(1)Myfatherhas____________Beijingtwice.(2)MrWangisn'there.Hehas___________Qingdao.(3)Ihave____________Hefeifortenyears.现在完成时要注意的两点2.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(1)He_________(live)herein1992.(2)He__________(live)heresince1992.区别1：过去时需有明确的过去时间状语，而完成时则没有。(3)Ilostmypenyesterday.(我昨天把钢笔丢了，只表示“丢”这件事，与现在无关)(4)Ihavelostmypen.(我把钢笔丢了，表示过去丢的，强调现在还没找到或现在我没钢笔用了)区别2：过去时强调动作发生的时间，而完成时则强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或后果现在完成时要注意的两点2.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(5)We__________(learn)Englishtwoyearsago.(6)Wehave_______________(learn)Englishfortwoyears.区别3：完成时可以表示过去的动作持续到现在，而过去时只能表示过去发生的动作，与现在无关。中考在线1.---_______youever_______thenewairport?---No,Ihaven't.A.Do,visitB.Have,visitedC.Did,visitD.Are,visiting2.Anumberofstudents_______Hangzhoumanytimes,becauseitissuchabeautifulcity.A.havebeen