阅读基本技能的训练

阅读基本技能的训练(A)句子的合理运用达高中一颜波扫读问题句子的关键词,带着问题阅读文章。Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?扫读文章句子的关键词—(-时间，地点，人物，事件)。目的，改变逐词阅读的习惯，学习快速把握句子主旨大意的方法。扫读的基本技能简单，就是快速识别并读懂句中的关键词，也就是在阅读的时候将注意力放在每个句子的关键词上，而忽略那些非关键词。以下是一个句子的三个关键词［Language,give,view你能够想象是一个怎样的句子?原句是;Thisnewlanguagecangiveyouanewviewoflife.关键词;Ann,finished,homework,yesterday.原句;Annfinishedherhomeworkwiththehelpofherbrotheryesterday.查询段落的主题句——段首或段末。段落的主题句，他可以告诉我们段落的大概，让我们迅速地了解段落的大意，而其余句子则是关于一些细节的描写。主题句通常出现在段落的第一句或最后一句，偶尔在中间或需要总结概括。Bycomparingyourselftootherpeople,youwillfindyourproblemsarenotsoterrible.ThinkaboutStephenHawking,whodiedon15thMarch,in2018.forexample,averycleverscientist,whoregardshismanyphysicalproblemsasunimportant.Hecannotwalkorevenspeak,buthehasbecomeveryfamousandsuccessful.Weareprobablyquitehealthyandsmart.let'snotworryaboutourproblems.Let'sfacethechallengesinstead.(九年级P9)4•探寻文章的主题句一一文章开头或结尾。文章的主题句是文章要表达的观点和看法，及文章的中心思想，它一般出现在文章的第一段或最后一段。一般采取的是总 分---总或归纳法。5.查读 跳读是指通过跳跃式的阅读迅速判断出与文章主题相关信息及特定细节和具体事实所在部分的能力。目的；训练学生学会阅读文章的大小标题，划线部分，斜体或黑体字，并判断出文章的组织机构，不同的体裁，知道哪一类信息可能在哪部分或段落中。大标题能够说明文章的体裁或浓缩文章的主旨。小标题能够给与我们某一问题所查的范围。划线部分，斜体或黑体字等说明特别强调。记叙类则需要特别关注5个W(what,when,who,which,where)和一个H(how).说明建议类,通常需要关注措施与方法有关的词汇等(first,second,then,atlast,6.猜测词义.是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息,逻辑,背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解或推断某一生词或关键词的含义,该词一般是超纲词汇或一词多义的单词在文章中的理解.A.利用定义猜测.请看以下一段文字,完成下面问题.penguinsliveonlandforabouthalftheirlives.Penguinscomeonlandfortworeasons:toraisefamiliesandtomolt.Moltingiswhenpenguinsgiveupoldfeathersandgrownewones.AllofAntarcticiscoveredinoldpenguinfeathers.Penguinscannotswiminthecoldseawithoutafullsetofwaterprooffeatherstokeepthemwarm.Ittakesthemtwotofourweekstogrowanewcoatoffeathers.()Whatdoestheword“molt”mean?A.Birdsoranimalshavebabies.B.Birdsoranimalsmovethroughtheice.C.Birdsoranimalslookforfood.D.Birdsoranimalslosehairoroldfeathers.B.利用同义词或反义词猜测.请看一下一段文字,完成下面问题.Pakistanhas121,000milesofroads.Busservicesandminibusesareavailabletothepublic.Thetrainisstillthemostcommontransportoflong-distancetravelforPakistanis.Pakistanalsohasanairlinethatoperatesdomesticandinternationalflights.( )TheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedword“domestic”inParagraph2maybe“ ”A.家庭的B.国际的C.驯养的D.国内的利用文章的举例猜测.常用forexample,forinstance,suchas等.Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.()Whatdoestheunderlinedword“appliances”meaninChinese?A.家具B.电器用具 C.洗浴用品D.化妆品利用文章中的说明词义的同位语或定语猜测.Toimprovepeople'slives,DaZhouisplantingmoreandmoretrees,thecityisevencreatinggreenerbuildingsthatuselesswaterandlesselectricityforpower.()Whatdoestheunderlinedword“greener”mean?A.Taller.B.Easier.C.Morebrightlycolored.D.Betterfortheenvironment.利用上下文逻辑关系猜测.请看一下一段文字,完成下面问题.Forexample,imagineyouareacookandmustservedinnerto100guests.Howshouldyoudivideyourresourcessothatyoucangetthejobdonemostefficiently?insituationslikethis,theabilitytothinklogicallywillgetyoutoareasonableanswerandsolveyourproblem.( )Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resources”meaninthepassage?A.科目B.资源C.效 .信息阅读基本技能的训练(B)词的正确辨析1•问题句子的关键词。articlepassageparagraphphrasesentencewordunderlinedaccordingfollowingmentionmainlymainmeanmeaningstatementtitleopiniontruewrongrightfalse.合成词downstairsupstairschatlineonlinerestroomsupermarketsunglassesunderwaterundergroundboyfriendsgirlfriendsbedroomclassroomliving-roomwashroom派生词的正确含义及词性判断possible—possibly, simple—simply, gentle—gently,different—difference—differently, confident—confidence, difficult—difficulty,taste—tasty, tour—tourist—touristy, day—daily, die—dead—death—dying,secret—secretary,safe—safety,easy—easily,angry—angrily,heavy—heavily,free—freedom,true—truth,sleep—sleepy—asleep,wake—awake,wood—wooden,wool—woolen,quick—quickly,real—really,usual—usually,一词多义rightlightstudyorderleftwronglaterlatestheavy5•加ed构成的形容词crowdedpollutedorganizedembarrassedworriedsurprisedrelaxedfrustratedinterestedexcited容易混淆词planplantplaneplanet,whetherweather,formfrom，noisenose，thoughtthoughthrough，rightlightflightfight，sightsign，monthmouth，funfan，expectexcept，moonnoon，seenseem，snakesnack，fellfeel，explaincomplain，skillkill，passagepassengermessage，boughtbrought，litterlittle，nativenature，chancechange，solutionresolution，cinemacamera，tillstill，instructioninstrument，feedfeet，wholeholehold，weakweekwake，heatheartheard，worseworst，teamterm，bellbelt，commentcommon，foxfax，特殊动词的过去时或过去分词正确判断wrotewonworewornwrittenthrewthrownflewgrewknewgrownknownkeptheldheardthoughttoldtaughtswamsweptstoodtookspentsleptsatsangsoldsawranrodepaidmetmeantlostledwentgonegaveforgotfoundfoughtfeltfedfellatedrovedrankdrewdonegonecamecaughtboughtbroughtbrokebeenseenmetpaidriddenwrittentakenspokensungsaidrungmadehadgottenfalleneatendrivendrunkbroken前缀关系猜测词义词性。dis dislike,dishonest,disagreement,disbelieve disobey,un unlike,unfriendly,unpleasant,unable,unfair,unfamiliar,unhappy,unimportant—ir---irregular后缀关系猜测词义词性。A・表示人的名词 or,translate-translator,visit-visitor,collector,inventor,calculator,creator, er,write-writer,sing-singer,teach-teacher,cleaner,worker,dreamer,owner,waiterreporter,learner-- ist,art--artist,tour--tourist,psychology--psychologist,science--scientist,violinist,B・表示事物的名词 tion,act--action,organize—organization,donate--donation,educate--education,pollute--pollution,suggest--suggestion,collect--collection,attract--attraction,predict