2021届 高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十一）含答案

2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十一）

一：词汇梳理

1.tug/tAg/v./n.用力拖（或拉）n.拖船

2.condemn/kan'dem/vt.①指责②判・•・刑③迫使…陷于不幸的境地

3.highlight/'hailait/vt.①使显著②强调n.最精彩的部分

4.propose/pra'pouz/vt.①提议②打算，计划vi.求婚

5.proposition/.propo'zijbn/n.①主张②建议

6.inquire/in'kwaia/v.打听，询问

7.adjust/o'd3ASt/vt.①调节②校正vi.调整，适应

8.contemplate/'kontompleit/v.①凝视②凝神静思③打算

9.indifferent/in'difaront/a.①不关心的②一般的

10.imperative/im'perotiv/a./n.①必要的（事）②命令（的）

11.caution/'ko:Jbn/n.①小心②告诫

12.cautious/'ko:Jbs/a.小心的，谨慎的

13.precaution/pn'ko:Jbn/n.预防

14.convene/kon'viWv.①召集（人）②召开（会议等）

15.convention/kon'venpn/n.①大会②协定③惯例

16.judicial/d3u:'dipi/a.①法官的②法庭的③裁决的

17.solitary/'sohtori/a.①（人）独自的②（物）单个的③独处的

18.contaminate/kon'tsemmeit/vt.弄脏，污染

19.embody/im'bodi/vt.①使具体化②包括

20.pitch①/pi/n.掷vt.把・..定于某一特定难度

21.pitch②/pit|7n.沥青

22.elaborate/fl^bont/v.详细说明/I,laeboreit/a.①精心制作的②详尽的

23.explosive/ik'splousiv/n.炸药a.①易引发暴力的②爆炸性的

24.detach/di'ta^y?vt.拆开

25.drought/draut/n.旱灾，干旱

26.facility/fo'siliti/n.①天赋②设施

27.raid/reid/vt./n.①突袭②搜查③抢劫

28.incline/m'klain/v.①（使）倾斜②（使）倾向于n.斜坡

29.portable/'polobol/a.便携的

30.contrast/'kontra:st/n.①对比②差异/kon'trast/vt.使与・・・对比

二：短语梳理

1.inhand在进行中彳寺办理

2.inhonorof为庆祝，为纪念

3.initself本质上，就其本身而言

4.inlinewith与…——致

5.inmemoryof纪念

6.innocase决不

7.innotime立即，马上

8.innoway决不

9.inorder按顺序，按次序

10.inotherwords换句话说

11.inpart部分地

12.inparticular特别，尤其

13.inperson亲自，本人

14.inplace在合适的位置

15.inplaceof代替，取代，交换

三：阅读训练

（一）

WhenIwassixteenyearsold,ImademyfirstvisittotheUnitedStates.ltwasn't

thefirsttimeIhadbeenabroad.LikemostEnglishchildrenIlearnedFrenchat

school.AndIhadoftenbeentoFrance,soIwasusedtospeakingaforeignlanguageto

peoplewhodidn,tunderstandEnglish.ButwhenIwenttoAmericaIwasreally

lookingforwardtohavinganiceeasyholidaywithoutanylanguageproblems.

HowwrongIwas!Themisunderstandingsbeganattheairport.Iwaslookingfora

publictelephonetogivemyAmericanfriendDannyacallandtellherthatIhad

arrived.Afriendlyoldmansawmelookinglostandaskedifhecouldhelpme.

“Yes,"Isaid,“Iwanttogivemyfriendaring.”

“Well,that'snice,“hesaid,“Areyougettingmarried?Butaren,tyouabit

young?”

“Whoistalkingaboutmarriage?vIreplied,“Ionlywanttogivemyfrienda

ringtotellherI'vearrived.Canyoutellmewherethere'saphonebox?”

"Oh!"hesaid,“There'saphonedownstairs.v

Whenatlastwemet,Dannyexplainedthemisunderstandingstome.

“Don'tworry,“shesaidtome."Ihadsomanydifficultiesatfirst.Therearelots

ofwordswhichtheAmericansusedifferentlyinmeaningfromtheBritish.You?11

soongetusedtoallthefunnythingstheysay.Mostofthetime,BritishandAmerican

peopleunderstandeachother!”

1.Wherewasthewriterfrom?

A.HewasfromAmerica.B.HewasfromFrance.

C.HewasfromEngland.D.HewasfromChina.

2.ThewriterthoughtinAmerica.

A.hewouldnothaveanylanguagedifficulties

B.hewouldnotunderstandtheAmericans

C.theAmericansmightnotunderstandhim

D.hewouldhavedifficultiesattheairport

3.Thewriterwantedto.

A.buyaringforhisfriend

B.makeacalltohisfriend

C.gotothetelephonecompany

D.seeafriendoff

4.1nthelastparagraphtheunderlinedword“they”refersto.

A.theoldmanandtheboyB.theAmericans

C.theBritishD.theFrench

参考答案：

l.C细节理解题。根据首段中的“LikemostEnglishchildrenIlearnedFrenchat

school.”可知，作者是英国人。

2.A细节理解题。根据首段末句中的"...Iwasreallylookingforwardtohaving

aniceeasyholidaywithoutanylanguageproblems.”可知，作者认为去美国不会遇至U

任何语言障碍。

3.B细节理解题。作者说“givemyfriendaring”意为“给朋友打电话”，而

不是“给朋友一枚戒指”，结合后文提到的totellherTvearrivedn可确定，作者

想给丹妮打电话，告诉她,自己已经到了，因此B项为答案。

4.B代词指代题。根据末段中的"You'Hsoongetusedtoallthefunnythings

theysay.”可知，由于作者是英国人，所以此处的they应指的是“美国人”。

（二）

AsyouarestudentsofEnglish,it'sverypossiblethatyou'11beinterestedin

England.That'swherethelanguagewasfirstspoken.ButEnglandisoftencalledby

othernames.ThisoftenconfusespeopleandIwonderifyouknowwhatthesenames

mean.So,nowIwouldliketotellyouaboutthismatterofnames.Ibelievethatyou

haveheardpeopleusethenames——England,BritainorGreatBritain.Let'sseewhat

eachofthesenamesmeans.

IfyoulookatamapofEurope,you'11seeagroupofislands-onelargerisland

offthenorthwestcoast,onesmallerandmanytinyones.Thesemakeupwhatiscalled

theBritishIsles.ThelargestislandoftheBritishIslesisBritain.ltisalsocalledGreat

Britain.ThesmallerislandisIreland.

Britainisdividedintothreeparts:Scotland,WalesandEngland.Butsometimesthe

word“England”isusedinsteadof“Britain”.Whyso?

Inancienttimes,whatisBritainnowusedtobethreedifferentcountries.People

inthesedifferentcountriesspokedifferentlanguages.Overmanyyearsthethree

countriesbecameone.Englandisthelargestandrichestofthethreeandithasthe

mostpeople.SotheEnglishpeopletakeitforgrantedthattheirownnamestandsfor

thewholeisland.

There'sanotherthingthatconfusespeople:sometimesyoumayhearpeoplesay

“theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.Thatistheofficial

nameofthecountry.NorthemIrelandisonlyonesixthoftheislandofIreland.Therest

oftheislandisanindependentstate,calledtheRepublicofIreland.Sowehavethe

namesof"EnglandBritain\"GreatBritain",and“theUnitedKingdomofGreat

BritainandNorthernIrelandv.Nowdoyouknowwhateachofthemmeans?

1.Englishwasfirstspokenin

A.BritainB.England

C.GreatBritainD.Ireland

答案:B细节理解题。由第一段第一、二句可知最早讲英语的地方是Englando

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Walesistherichestofthethree.

B.Scotlandisthelargestofthethree.

C.SometimesEnglandisusedinsteadofBritain.

D.BritainistheonlynameofthelargestislandofBritishIsles.

答案:C细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知，人们有时用England来代替

Britain（称呼英国）0

3.TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandis.

A.partofBritain

B.partofBritishIsles

C.theofficialnameofthewholecountry

D.thelargestcountryofallmentionedinthepassage

答案:C细节理解题。由最后一段第一、二句可以得知,theUnitedKingdomof

GreatBritainandNorthernIreland是英国的官方名称。

4.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?

A.StudentsofEnglish

B.DifferentNamesofEngland

C.DifferentLanguagesSpokeninEngland

D.TheRepublicofIreland

答案:B主旨大意题。本文从头至尾都在讲述英国的名称，因此最佳标题应用

DifferentNamesofEnglando

（二）

Englishisalanguagespokenallaroundtheworld.Therearemorethan42

countrieswherethemajorityofthepeoplespeakEnglish.Mostnativespeakersof

EnglisharefoundintheUnitedKingdom,theUnitedStatesof

America,Canada,Australia,SouthAfrica,RepublicofIrelandandNewZealand.In

total,fbrmorethan376millionpeopleEnglishistheirmothertongue.Anequal

numberofpeoplelearnEnglishasasecondlanguage.Thesepeoplewillperhapsspeak

thelanguageoftheirowncountryathomewiththeirfamily,butthelanguageofthe

government,schools,newspapersandTVisEnglish.Thissituationisfoundincountries

suchasIndia,Pakistan,NigeriaandthePhilippines.

However,thenumberofpeoplewholearnEnglishasaforeignlanguageismore

than750mi11ion.EverywhereintheworldchildrengotoschooltolearnEnglish.Most

peoplelearnEnglishforfiveorsixyearsathighschool.InChinastudentslearn

Englishatschoolasaforeignlanguage,exceptforthoseinHongKong,wheremany

peoplespeakEnglishasafirstorsecondlanguage.

Inonlyfiftyyears,Englishhasdevelopedintothelanguagemostwidelyspoken

andusedintheworld.Englishistheworkinglanguageofmostinternational

organizations,internationaltradeandtourism.Businessmenandtouristsoftencometo

ChinawithoutbeingabletospeakChinese.Chinesebusinessmen,taxidriversand

studentstalkwiththemusingEnglish.Englishisalsothelanguageofglobal

culture,suchaspopularmusicandtheInternet.YoucanlistentoEnglishsongsonthe

radiooruseEnglishtocommunicatewithpeoplearoundtheworldthroughthe

Internet.WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,itwillbecome

moreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.

l.HowmanypeoplelearnEnglishasasecondlanguage?

A.Morethan37,500,000.

B.Morethan376,000,000.

C.Morethan750,000,000.

D.Morethan75,000,000.

答案:B推理判断题。由第一段中的“…formorethan376millionpeopleEnglish

istheirmothertongue.An