2021届高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十四）含答案

2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十四）

一：词汇梳理

1.wreck/rek/vt.①破坏②（船等）失事n.①残骸②受到严重损害的人

2.withhold/wid'hould/vt.拒绝给予

3.option/'opjan/n.①选择（权）②（供）选择的事物（或人）

4.dividend/'dividend/n.①红利②被除数

5.curb/ka:b/n.①马勒②控制vt.①勒马②控制

6.contradict/.kontradikt/vt.①反驳②与…矛盾

7.threshold/Orejhould/n.①门槛②开端

8.fascinate/'faesmeit/vt.强烈吸引，迷住

9.approach/o'proutf/v.靠近n.①接近②方法

10.scar/ska:/n.①疤②创伤vt.给..・留下伤痕

11.deviate/'di:vieit/vL背离,违背

12.aware/a'weo/a.意识到的

13.lease/li:s/n.租赁vt.出租

14.rival/'raivol/n.竞争者vt.与…匹敌

15.sacrifice/'sasknfais/vt.①献出②牺牲n.①祭品②牺牲

16.analogy/o'naeladji/n.类似（相似）处

17.revive/门'vaiv/v.（使）复苏vt.复兴

18.alert/Slot/a.①机灵的②警惕的n.①警报②警惕vt.①使警觉②提醒

19.ftise/^u:z/n.①保险丝②导火线v.①熔化②（使）保险丝熔断

20.achieve/91tji:v/vt.①完成②达到vi.成功

21.aid/eid/n.①帮助②援助vt.①帮助②促进

22.spin/spin/v.①旋转②纺线n.旋转

23.whirl/wdl/v.（使）旋转n.①旋转②接连不断的活动

24.dwell/dwel/vi.住，居住

25.despair/di'spe。/vi./n.绝望，失望

26.gasp/ga:sp/n./vi.喘息vt.喘着气说

27.tremendous/trimendos/a.①巨大的②极好的

28.infect/m'fekt/vt.①传染②感染别人

29.infectious/m'fekps/a.①传染（性）的②有感染力的

30.deploy/di'pbi/v.①部署②施展

二：短语梳理

1.insteadof代替,而不是

2.justnow眼F;刚才

3.littlebylittle逐渐地

4.lotsof许多

5.manya许多

6.moreorless或多或少，有点

7.nextdoor隔壁的，在隔壁

8.nodoubt无疑地

9.nolessthan不少于…;不亚于…

10.nolonger不再

11.nomore不再

12.nomorethan至多，同…一样不

13.noneotherthan不是别的，正是

14.onone'sguard警惕，提防

15.nothingbut只有,只不过

三：阅读训练

（一）

Whennewspapersandradiosreportthedamagecausedbyahurricane（飓

风）calledHazel,girlsnamedHazelareprobablyplayedajokeonbyothers.Tokeep

outoftrouble,theWeatherBureausays,“Anyresemblance（相似）betweenhurricane

namesandthenamesofparticulargirlsisonlyaccidental.v

Somewomenbecameangrybecausehurricanesaregiventheirnames,butmany

otherwomenareproudtoseetheirnamesmakeheadlines.Theydon'tevencarethat

theyarethenamesofdestructivestorms.Becausemorewomenseemtolikeitthan

dislikeit,theWeatherBureauhasdecidedtocontinueusinggirls'namesfor

hurricanes.

Insomewaysahurricaneislikeaperson.Afteritisborn,itgrowsand

develops,thenbecomesoldanddies.Eachhurricanehasacharacterofitsown.Each

followsitsownwaythroughtheworld,andpeoplerememberitlongafterithas

gone.Soitisnaturaltogivehurricanesnames,andtotalkaboutthemalmostasifthey

werealive.

1.WhathappenstothegirlsnamedHazelwhenhurricaneHazelisreported?

A.Theysufferfromhurricanes.

B.TheWeatherBureaulooksforthem.

C.Othersoftenmakefunofthem.

D.Theycan'tfindboyfriends.

答案:C细节理解题。由第一段第一句中的“agirlwhosenameisHazelis

probablyplayedajokeonbyothers”可矢口，另ij人可能会取笑名叫黑兹尔（Hazel）的女

孩。

2.Theunderlinedword“They”inthesecondparagraphrefersto

A.thereporters

B.theheadlines

C.somewomenwhobecomeangry

D.somewomenwhoareproud

答案:D细节理解题。该词所在句的含义是“她们甚至不在意它们是毁灭性

飓风的名字”，此处显然指那些为自己的名字上了报纸而自豪的女士。

3.PublicopinionsmaketheWeatherBureau.

A.stopnaminghurricanesafterwomen

B.goonnaminghurricanesafterwomen

C.namehurricanesaftermen

D.lookforanewmethodtonamehurricanes

答案:B细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，气象局决定继续使用女孩的名

字来给飓风命名。

4.Accordingtothepassage,whichismorereasonable?

A.Somewomenfeelunhappybecausehurricanesaregiventheirnames.

B.A11thehurricanesarecausedbywomen.

C.ManywomenwanttobereportedbyTVandnewspapers.

D.Ahurricanegrowsanddevelopsinthesamewayasaperson.

答案:A推理判断题。由第二段的"Somewomenbecameangrybecause

hurricanesai,egiventheirnames”用'知，有些女士因为用自己的名字给飓风命名而

生气，即不开心。

ThomasEdisonlituptheworldwithhisinventionoftheelectriclight.Without

him,theworldmightstillbeinthedark.However,theelectriclightwasnothisonly

invention.Healsoinventedthemotionpicturecameraand1,200otherthings.About

everytwoweekshecreatedsomethingnew.

ThomasEdisonwasbomin1847.Heattendedschoolforonlythreemonths.His

mothertaughthimathome,butThomaswasmostlyself-educated.Hestarted

experimentingatayoungage.

Whenhewas12yearsold,hegothisfirstjob.Hebecameanewsboyona

train.Hedidexperimentsonthetraininhissparetime.Unluckily,hisfirstwork

experiencedidnotendwell.Theyfiredhimwhenheaccidentallysetfiretothefloor

ofthetrain.ThenEdisonworkedforfiveyearsasatelegraphoperator,buthe

continuedtospendmuchofhistimeinexperimentinghisfirstpatentin1868fora

voterecorderrunbyelectricity.

ThomasEdisonwastotallydeafinoneearandhardofhearingintheother,buthe

thoughtofhisdeafnessasablessinginmanyways.ltkeptconversationsshort,sothat

hecouldhavemoretimefbrwork.Healwaysworked16outofevery24

hours.Sometimeshiswifehadtoremindhimtosleepandeat.

ThomasEdisondiedattheageof84.Heleftagreatmanyinventionsthatgreatly

improvedthequalityoflifeallovertheworld.

l.HowoftendidEdisonmakeanewinvention?

A.Abouteveryfourteendays.

B.Abouteverysevendays.

C.Aboutonceaweek.

D.Abouttwiceaweek.

答案:A由文章第一段最后一句"Abouteverytwoweekshecreatedsomething

new.”可看出他每两周就有一项新的发明，故答案为A项。

2.Theunderlinedword“fired“inthepassagemeans“”.

A.gavesomebodyajob

B.setfiretosomebody

C.letsomebodydown

D.forcedsomebodytoleavehisjob

答案:D由文中的句子“Unluckily,hisfirstworkexperiencedidnotendwell.”

以及“ThenEdisonworkedforfiveyearsasatelegraphoperatorv可推测出该词义

为“解雇”，故选D项。

3.Edisonconsideredhisdeafnessas

A.somethingbad

B.agift

C.akindofability

D.adisadvantage

答案:B由文章中的句子“buthethoughtofhisdeafnessasablessinginmany

ways”可知选B项。

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A.Thefunctionoftheelectriclight.

B.Edisonandhisexperiments.

C.Theimportanceofinventions.

D.ThewholelifeofEdison.

答案:D本文通篇介绍了爱迪生的一生，介绍了他的生平、教育以及干过的工

作、发明的东西等等，因此答案选D项。

（三）

EmilyandAlexwerehappywhentheirfamilymovedtoahousewithaverybig

garden.Theycouldclimbuptrees,growflowersandevenplaybadminton.Theyliked

towatchthebirdsflyingamongthetreesinthegarden.Theyevenstartedtoputfood

outtoattractmorebirds.

Everythingwasfineforafewdaysuntiloneafternoontherewasastrange

bumpingnoiseonawindow.Emilywentoutsideandfoundasmallbirddeadonthe

grass.Itsneckseemedtobebroken.

“Itmusthaveflownintothewindow,nAlexsaidwhenhissisterEmilycalled

himtohavealook.uAh,yes,lookhere.Youcanseethemarkwhereithitthe

window.Thereareacoupleoftinyfeathersstuck（粘贴）onthewindow.”

uPoorthing!vEmilysaid.

Duringthenextmonth,fivemorebirdsdiedinthesameway."Whywouldthey

flytothewindows?ntheywondered.Finallytheyfoundoutthetruth.Whenthebirds

wereflying,theycouldn,tseeintotherooms.Alltheysawwasthereflection（反射）of

thegarden.Theythoughtthattheywereflyingintotreesbecausetheysawtrees

reflectedbythewindow.

“Somethinghastobedonetosavethebirds,“theparentsdecided.

Atfirst,thefamilytriedkeepingcurtains（窗帘）acrossthewindows,butthismade

theroomdark.Thentheyboughtsomestrongblackpaperandcutouttheshapeofa

hawk（鹰）.Theymadesixhawks一oneforeachwindow.Theystuckthehawkstothe

windows.Theylookedprettyanddidnotkeepoutmuchlight.Whenthebirdssawthe

hawks,theywouldflyaway.

Afterthat,therewerenomoredeadbirds.Thefamilyweremuchhappier.

1.Theyputfoodouttoattractbirdsbecausethey.

A.hadaspecialgardenforbirds

B.wantedtoseemorebirdsflyinginthegarden

C.hadtoomuchbirdfoodtofeedthebirds

D.wantedtocatchsomebirdsinthegarden

答案:B由第一段中的“Theylikedtowatchthebirdsflyingamongthetr