2023-2024学年外研版（2019）必修 第二册Unit 6 Earth first Developing Ideas 作业

Unit6EarthfirstDevelopingIdeas—2023-2024学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第二册课时分层练【夯实基础】知识点1不定式的用法1.Thegovernmentstartedacampaigntosaveelectricityandurgedpeople_____(do)theirpart.2.Itisveryembarrassingformanyyoungsinglemenandwomenwhentheirparentsurgethem_________(marry)assoonaspossible.知识点2固定搭配3.Othersare_____(concern)abouttheplantingmethodsthatrequirelesswaterandfewerfertilizers.4.Therevolutionistsoftheoldergenerationmadegreat_________(contribute)toourcountry'sstrugglefortheindependence.5.The_________(major)oftheresidentschosetostayathomeratherthangoouttotravelduringtheSpringFestivalduetothewidespreadofthevirus.【提升能力】6.Sharksdon't_____(把......作为目标)humans.7.The_____(大多数)ofpeopleinterviewedpreferTVtoradio.8.Floodsand_____(旱灾)affectthewatersupplydownstream.9.Wehearthecaraccident______(discuss).10.______(reduce)dailyfoodwastebyjust5%couldsavemillionsofpeoplefromstarvation.【核心素养】ATheeffectsofnoisecanreachorganisms(生物)withoutears.Becauseofthewaylivingthingsrelyoneachother,noisepollutionmayactuallystopsomeforestsfromgrowing,anewstudysuggests.InanareaofNewMexicowoodlandofpinetrees,researchersfoundfarfewertreeseedlings(幼苗)innoisysitesthantheydidinquietones.Thestudyareaisdottedwithgaswells,someofwhicharequietandsomeofwhichhavecompressors(压缩机)thatcreateconstantnoise.ThisallowedJenniferPhillips,abehavioralecologistatTexasA&MUniversity-SanAntonio,andhercolleaguestocomparesitesthatweresimilarexceptforthenoiselevel.Inareasthathadbeennoisyforatleast15years,theresearchersfoundonlyabout13pineseedlings,comparedwith55pineseedlingsperhectare(公顷)inquietareas.Thedifferencesinplantgrowthwereprobablycausedbychangesinanimalbehavior,saidPhillips.Forexample,noisemightdriveawaycertainpollinators(传花粉者)suchasbees,batsandmoths.Inthecaseofpinetrees,theproblemwaslikelyalackofanimalstodisperseseeds.Pinesdependonbirdstocarrytheirseedsawayfromtheparenttree,andbirdsareknowntoavoidnoise.Thedifferencesbetweenthetwositesaren'tyetobvioustosomeonewalkingthroughthem,saidSarahTermondt,abotanist(植物学家)withtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicewhohelpedconductthestudy.That'sprobablybecausepinesareslow-growing,withmostofthematuretreesinsuchwoodlandsbeingoveracenturyold.Thestudyraisesquestionsaboutthefutureofthearea.Ifthenoisestaysthereinthelongterm,arewegoingtolosethisimportantecosystemofthepinewhichsupportssomuchwildlife?"saidPhillips.ThestudywaspublishedtodayinthejournalProceedingsoftheRoyalSociety.1.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson?A.Theinfluenceofnoisepollutiononplants.B.Thewayorganismsreceivenoise.C.Thedamageofnoisepollutiontoinsects.D.Theeffectsofnoisepollutiononhumans.2.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2andParagraph3?A.Gaswellsdottedaroundtheareasupplyfavorableconditionstothestudy.B.Thestudysitesaredifferentinmanywaysincludingtheirnoiselevel.C.Itisdifficultforplantstolivewithoutnoiseandanimals.D.Peoplecaneasilyfindthedifferencebetweenthenoisyandthequietsites.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mature"inParagraph3mean?A.Seedling. B.Thin. C.Full-grown. D.Tall.4.WhatdoesPhillipsmeanbysayingthewordsinthelastparagraph?A.Fortunately,noisepollutionisatroublethatcanbeavoided.B.Noisepollutioncouldbeathreatwiththepowertochangeecosystems.C.Thepineforestisimportantbecauseitaffectssomuchwildlife.D.Wildlifeshouldbewellprotectedforthefutureofthisarea.SeveraldaysofunusuallywarmweatherinnorthernGreenlandhavecausedrapidmelting(融化)."Temperatureshavebeenrunningaround15.5℃.Itiswarmerthannormalforthistimeofyear,"scientistssaid.TheamountoficethatmeltedinGreenlandbetweenJuly15andJuly17alone-6billiontonsofwaterperday—wouldbeenoughtofill7.2millionOlympic-sizedswimmingpools,accordingtothereportfromtheUSNationalSnowandIceDataCenter.Toputitanotherway,itwasenoughtocoverthewholestateofWestVirginiawithafootofwater.Forthescientistsoutontheicesheet(冰盖),thewarmthhasbeenalarming."Itreallymakesmeanxious,"saidKutalmisSaylam,ascientistwhoisnowworkinginGreenland."Yesterday,wecouldhangaboutinourT-shirts,whichwasnotreallyexpected.SinceGreenlandholdsenoughice,sealevelwouldriseby7.5metersaroundtheworldificeallmelted."In2020,scientistsfoundthatGreenland'sicesheethadmeltedbeyondthepointofnoreturn."Noeffortstopreventglobalwarmingcanstopitfromfinallybreakingintosmallparts,"saidresearchers.AslakGrinsted,aclimatescientist,saidthattheyweretryingtogetflightsintothecampsothattheycouldshipouttheicecores(冰芯)theyhadcollected.Butthewarmthisdestabilizingthelandingsite.Theweatherweareseeingrightnowistoohotfortheski-equippedplanestoland,"Grinstedsaid."Sowestoretheicecoresinlargecaveswehavemadeintothesnowtoprotectitfromtheheatofthesummer."Scientistsmadeuseoftheabnormalwarmthwhiletheywerewaiting,playingvolleyballintheirshortsonanicesheetatthetopoftheworld.Grinstedreferredtothetemperaturesasaheatwave,andnotedthatthepossibilityoftemperaturesgettingthishotwasclearlyconnectedtoglobalwarming.1.HowdoestheauthorsupportthetopicofParagraph1?A.Byexploringreasons. B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bydesigningthenumbers. D.Bydoingsomeexperiments.2.WhatdidKutalmismeaninParagraph2?A.HedislikedwearingaT-shirt.B.Hewasconcernedaboutthewarmth.C.Hewasdeeplyimpressedbytheice.D.Hewasthirstyforenjoyingtheseaview.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"destabilizing"meaninParagraph4?A.Quitting. B.Removing. C.Sheltering. D.Destroying.4.Whatwilltheauthorprobablydointhefollowingparagraph?A.RecommendvisitingGreenland.B.Describehowtoshipouttheicecore.C.Callonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.D.Plantoorganizeasportsmeetingonice. 答案以及解析【夯实基础】答案以及解析1.答案：todo解析：考查动词不定式。句意:政府发起了一个节约用电的活动,并敦促人们履行职责。urgesb.todosth.为固定搭配,意为“力劝/敦促某人做某事”。故填todo。2.答案：tomarry解析：考查不定式。句意：对于许多年轻的单身男女来说，当他们的父母催促他们尽快结婚时是很尴尬的。urgesb.todosth.意为“力劝某人做某事，敦促某人做某事”，故本空应用不定式作宾语补足语。3.答案：concerned解析：句意:其他人担心这些需要更少水和更少肥料的种植方法。beconcernedabout担心。4.答案：contributions解析：考查名词。形容词great后应用名词，且contribution意为“贡献”时为可数名词，故用其复数形式。makecontributionsto意为“为……做出贡献”。5.答案：majority解析：考查名词。句意:由于病毒的广泛传播,春节期间大部分居民都选择待在家里而不是外出旅游。themajorityof...意为“大多数……”,故本空应用名词majority“多数,大多数(人或物)”。【提升能力】6.答案：target解析：句意:鲨鱼不把人作为目标。7.答案：majority解析：本题考查词汇短语的语境运用;majority名词,大多数;themajorityof大多数;故答案是majority。8.答案：droughts解析：句意:洪水和旱灾对下游的水供应有影响。9.答案：beingdiscussed解析：句意:我们听见那个交通事故正在被人们讨论。此句为"hear+宾语+宾语补足语"的结构,设空处填beingdiscussed作宾语补足语,表示正在进行的被动动作。10.答案：Reducing解析：所给词为动词,作主语需用其动名词形式,故填Reducing。【核心素养】A答案：1-4AACB1.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thestudyareaisdottedwithgaspressors(压缩机)thatcreateconstantnoise.”可知,研究区域布满了天然气井,有些天然气井很安静,有些天然气井配有会持续产生噪音的压缩机。再结合第二段第二句“ThisallowedJenniferPhillips...andhercolleaguestocomparesitesthatweresimilarexceptforthenoiselevel.”可知前边所说的情况使研究人员能够控制变量,以便对不同区域进行噪音影响的对比。此句中的This指的是前边所说的该区域的环境条件。由此可知,该地区的天然气井星罗棋布,使得噪音情况有所区别,为研究提供了有利条件。故选A。2.答案：C解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“mostofthematuretreesinsuchwoodlandsbeingoveracenturyold”可知,这里的“maturetrees”大部分是有百年树龄的树,也就是“长成的”树。所以画线词的意思是“长成的,成熟的”。故选C。3.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中菲利普斯说的话“Ifthenoisestaysthereinthelongterm,arewegoingtolosethisimportantecosystemofthepinewhichsupportssomuchwildlife?(如果