工程专业术语(中英文互译)

中文,英文,缩写,备注

1.项目建议,,,

1.1项目建议概况,,,

资格,qualification,,

预备资格,prequalification,,

商务条款与条件,commercialtermsandcondition,,

商务,commercial,,

技术,technical,,

技术说明,technicalspecification,,

建议书,proposalbook,,

资料费,informationprice,,

估价,estimatedprice,,

报价,quotedprice,,

报价书,quotation,,

,,,,

1.2报价资料,,,

工艺说明,processdescription,,

工艺特点,processfeature,,

经验记载,experiencerecord,,

工艺性能,processperformance,,

设备表,equipmentlist,,

说明.规定.规格,specification,,

简要说明,shortspecification,,

条件图,sketchdrawing,,

流程图,flowdiagram,,

平衡图,balancediagram,,

方框图,blockdiagram,,

P和I图,PandIdiagram,,

单线图,singlelinediagram,,

布置图,layout,,

平面布置图,plotplan,,

总图,generalplotplan,,

附件,appendix,,

资料.文件,documention,,

,,,,

1.3合同技术用语,,,

保证,guarantee,,

性能保证,performanceguarantee,,

时间保证,timeguarantee,,

交货保证,deliveryguarantee,,

建造保证,workmanshipgurantee,,

生产能力,capacity,,

质量,qulity,,

消耗量,consumption,,

原材料,feedstock,,

原料,rawmaterial,,

辅助原料,sub-rawmaterial,,

产品,product,,

付产品,by-product,,

中间产品,intermidiate,,

公用工程,utility,,

燃料,fuel,,

化学品,chemical,,

界区,batterylimits,,

（界区）进料,incoming,,

（界区）出料,outgoing,,

界区条件,batterylimitscondition,,

（配管图）分界线,matchline,,

工厂.装置,plant,,

设备,equipment,,

关键设备,criticalequipment,,

专利设备,propritaryequipment,,

有位号设备,itemizedequipment,,

无位号设备,non-itemizeequipment,,

散装材料,bulkmaterial,,

施工材料,materialofconstruction,,

仪表,instrument,,

备品备件,spareparts,,

建筑工具,constructionaid,,

（现场）居住设施,accommodation,,

现场派遣,expatriate,,

运转率,onstreamfactor,,

运转天数,streamday,,

系列,train,,

试车,trialoperation,,

初次试车,initialoperation,,

开车,startup,,

注油,oilin,,

投料,feedin,,

首次出料,firstdrop,,

保证试运转,giatenteetestrun,,

装置验收,plantacceptance,,

移交,turnover,,

议定书,protocol,,

,,,,

1.4估算,,,

估算,estimate,,

概算,budgetaryestimate,,

推算,slide,,

冥指数,powerterm,,

（费用）分类，分项价格,breakdown,,

外汇,foreigncurrency,,

当地货币,localcurrency,,

可兑换货币,convertiblecurency,,

专利费,licencefee,,

专利权税,royalty,,

变动专利权税,runningroyalty,,

专有技术费,knowhowfee,,

基础设计费,basicengineeringfee,,

代理费,agentfee,,

手续费,commission,,

不可预见费,contingency,,

外汇风险,exchangerisk,,

易货补偿,compensation,,

直接费用,directcost,,

间接费用,indirectcost,,

项目管理费,projectexpense,,

现场管理费,fieldexpense,,

一般管理费,overhead,,

利润,profit,,

生活费,livingexpense,,

出勤津贴,dailyallowance,,

（出差）准备费,outfitallowance,,

劳务费,laboucost,,

基本工资,basewage,,

补偿费,payrollburden,,

福利费,fringebeneft,,

,,,,

1.5可行性研究,,,

可行性,feasibility,,

现场选定,siteselection,,

（现场）位置,location,,

市场,markting,,

可获利润率,profitability,,

生产成本,productioncost,,

经营费,operationcost,,

可变成本,variablecost,,

不变成本,fixedcost,,

总投资,totalinvestmentcost,,

流动资本,workingcapital,,

固定资产,fixedcapitalcost,,

总资本,totalcapitalcost,,

折旧费,depreciation,,

现金流量,cashflow,,

折现现金流量,discountingcashflow,,

工况研究,casestudy,,

产权资本.自有资金,equity,,

建设资本利息,interestduringconstruction,,

,,,,

1.6业务范围,,,

现场勘测,sitesurvery,,

工艺设计,processdesign,,

基础设计,basicengineering,,

基础设计包,basicengineeringpackage,,

详细设计,detailengineering,,

采购,procurement,,

海运,oceantransportation,,

陆运,inlandtransportation,,

安装,erectionwork,,

土建工作,civilwork,,

施工,constructionwork,,

投料试车,commissioning,,

培训,training,,

（现场）指导,supervisoryservive,,

顾问,advisoryservive,,

初步设计,preliminaryproject,,

最终设计,finalproject,,

基础设施,infrastructure,,

上部结构,superstructure,,

软件,sofeware,,

硬件,hardware,,

,,,,

1.7工厂分类设计,,,

处女地工厂,grassrootplant,,

总厂,integralplant,,

分厂,singleplant,,

成套装置,packageplant,,

翻版（设计）厂,copyplant,,

生产厂,commercialplant,,

中试工厂,pilotplant,,

实验室规模装置,benchscaleunit,,

石化总厂,petrochemicalcomplex,,

下游（厂）,downstream,,

（工业）放大,scale-up,,

扩建,expansion,,

改建.更改,modification,,

镜像布置,mirrorimage,,

设计余量,overdesign,,

降负荷运转,turndown,,

消除瓶颈,debottlenecking,,

工厂模型,plantmodle,,

,,,,

1.8设备,,,

工艺装置,processplant,,

装置区内,onsite,,

装置区外,offsite,,

界区内,insidybatterylimit,,

界区外,outsidebatterylimit,,

公用工程设施,utulityfacility,,

贮存设施,storagefaciity,,

辅助设施,auxiliaryfacility,,

衔接,interconnection,,

主变电所,mainsubstation,,

发电设施,powergennerationfacility,,

事故发电设备,emergerncypowergenerationfacility,,

水处理装置,watertreatmentfacility,,

冷却塔,coolingwater,,

抽水设备,waterintakefacility,,

海水淡化装置,desalinationfacility,,

蒸汽发生装置,steamgenerationfacility,,

仪表空气发生装置,instrumentairgenerationfacility,,

惰性气发生装置,inertgasgenerationfacility,,

空分装置,airseparationfacility,,

罐区,tankyard,,

散装贮存设备,bulkstoragefacility,,

包装机械,baggingfacility,,

制袋设备,bagmakingfacility,,

装瓶设备,bottlingfacility,,

装货设施,loadingfacility,,

卸货设施,unloadingfacility,,

铁路侧线,railwaysiding,,

栈桥,jetty,,

行政办公楼,administrationbuidling,,

维修车间,maintenanceshop,,

中央化验室,centrallaboratory,,

内部通信设施,intercommunicationfacility,,

广播系统,publicaddresssystem,,

询呼设施,pagingfacility,,

消防设施,firefightingfacility,,

安全器具,safetyequipment,,

生活设施,colony,,

工用设施,townshop,,

娱乐设施,recreationfacility,,

,,,,

1.9相关企业,,,

承包商,contractor,,

主承包商,primecontractor,,

分包商,subcontractor,,

直接雇佣,directhire,,

专利商,licenser,,

转专利者,sub-licenser,,

专利使用者,licensee,,

专利拥有者,patentower,,

竞争者,competitor,,

国际财团,consortium,,

合作者,collaborator,,

买方,（1）buyer,,

,（2）purchaser,,

卖方,seller,,

厂方,vendor,,

制造商,（1）maker,,

,manufacturer,,

业主,owner,,

顾问,consultant,,

技术顾问,technicaladviser,,

用户,user,,

最终用户,enduser,,

客户,（1）customer,,

,（2）client,,

代理商,agent,,

挂名人,dummy,,

,,,,

2投标.合同,,,

2.1投标概况,,,

询价,inquiry,,

报价.估价书,.quotationestimation,,

投标.投标书,bid.tender,,

投标资料,biddocuments,,

预审,pre-qulification,,

意向书,letterofintent,,

2.2合同用语,,,

协议书,agreement,,

合同.契约,contract,,

注销,concellation,,

约定,consideration,,

合同转让,assignmentofcontract,,

不可抗力,forcemajeure,,

仲裁,arbitration,,

基本法,goveringlaw,,

秘密条款,（1）secrecyclause,,

,（2）non-disclosureclause,,

预定损坏赔偿,liquidateddamages,,

总赔偿额度,totalliability,,

连带（债务）,jointandseveral,,

优先债权,lien,,

免除,waiver,,

保证,guaranty,,

担保,warranty,,

赔偿,indemnity,,

定义,definition,,

增额,escalation,,

罚款,penalty,,

支付条款,termsofpayment,,

税金,taxandduties,,

侵犯专利,patentinfrigemetn,,

最高限额,ceiling,,

委任书,powerofattorney,,

保证金,bond,,

2.3合同形式,,,

招标合同,competitivebidcontract,,

议付合同,negotiatedcontract,,

FOB合同,FOB-typecontract,,

成套承包合同,（1）turnkeycontract,,

（交钥匙合同）,（2）chefmontagecontract,,

总付合同,lumpsumpricecontract,,

单价契约,unitpricecontract,,

正价加附加费合同,costplusfeecontract,,

预投标协议,pre-bidagreement,,

产品抵债,productssharing,,

互购交易,counterpurchasetransaction,,

3.支付.金融.财务,,,

,,,,

3.1支付.金融,,,

支付条款.支付条件,paymentterms,,

延期付款,deferredpayment,,

留存款项,retentionmoney,,

定期付款,schedulepayment,,

施工分期付款,progressivepayment,,

付款交单D/P,documentsagainstpayment,,

承兑交单调D/A,documentagainstacceptance,,

信贷，信用,credit,,

卖方信贷，供应商信贷,supplier'scredit,,

买方信贷,buyer'scredit,,

银行借贷,bankloan,,

财政、金融,finance,,

借款、借贷,loan,,

偿还,reimbursereimbursement,,

保证书,letterofguarantee,,

信用证，信贷书,letterofcredit,,

外汇兑换率,exchangerarte,,

兑换单，汇票单据,documentarybillofexchange,,

汇款，汇兑基金,remittance,,

3.2财务,,,

自然增长基数,accrualbasis,,

资产负债表，决算表,balancesheet,,

损益报表P&L,proitandlossstatement,,

"4.采购,运输,保险",,,

4.1进出口手续,,,

出口许可证,exportlicense,,

出口许可证变更,E/Lamend,,

COCOM,coordinatingcommittee,,

标准结算方法,standardpayment,,

非标准结算方法,Non-standardpayment,,

出口申报银行,exportdeclarationbankE/D,,

出口申报单,exportdeclarationcustom,,

进口许可证,importlicense,,

保税区域,bondedarea,,

原产地证明书,certificateoforigin,,

发票,invoice,,

4.2运输,,,

装箱单,packinglist,,

提单,billoflading(B/L),,

指示提单,orderbilloflading,,

直接提单,straightB/L,,

装运提单,ShippedB/L,,

备运提单,receivedB/L,,

不附带条件的提单,cleanB/L,,

不洁提单,dirtyB/L,,

直运提单,directB/L,,

联运提单,throughB/L,,

船上收货单,mate'srecerpt,,

装货通知单,shippingorder,,

交货单,deliveryorder,,

空运货单,airwaybill,,

海上运费,oceanfreight,,

海上运费同盟,freightcinference,,

目的地付款,freightpayableatdestination,,

出港前付款,freightprepaid,,

码头工人搬运费,stevedorage,,

空载运费,deadfreight,,

船到港预定时间,expectedtimeofarrival,,

船离港预定时间,expectedtimeofdeparture,,

海关快速发货,customquickdespatch,,

滞船费,demurrage,,

码头搬运商,stevedore,,

超尺寸运输,over-dimensioncargo,,

4.3保险,,,

海上保险,marinecargoinsureance,,

现场指导失误保险,supervisor'sriskinsurance,,

4.4贸易条件,,,

出厂价,EXworks,,

,EXfactory,,

,EXmill,,

海上交货,FOB-namedportofshipment,,

含保险海上交货,CIF-namedfortofdestimation,,

国境交货条件,francofrontier,,

4.5采购,,,

采购,procurement,,

厂家,vendor,,

厂家一览表,vendorlist,,

市场价,marketprice,,

黑市价,darkprice,,

现价,up-to-datepricelevel,,

报价,quotation,,

偏差表,deviationlist,,

到货时间,timeofdelivery,,

支付方式,termsofpayment,,

,paymentterms,,

,paymentconditions,,

延缓支付,deferredpayment,,

现金支付,cashondelivery,,

分期支付,instalmentpayment,,

预先支付,downpayment,,

发货前支付,advancepayment,,

到货后支付,progresspayment,,

计划支付,scheduledpayment,,

购买条件,termsandconditionsofpurchase,,

折价,discount,,

谈判，交涉,negotiation,,

澄清,clarification,,

购买意向,intenttopurchase,,

比较表,tabulation,,

凭标,evaluation,,

价格分析,valueanalysis,,

订购单,purchaseorder,,

变更订购单,changeorder,,

支付方式,methodofpayment,,

现金,cash,,

支票,check,,

期票,promissorynote,,

催货,exediting,,

跟踪系统,follow-upsystem,,

包装,,,

防锈包装,packing,,

防潮湿包装,rust-proofpacking,,

防水包装,moisture-proofpacking,,

软包装,shrinkpacking,,

木箱,woodenbox,,

板条箱,crate,,

框架箱,framedbox,,

滑橇底座,skidbase,,

码垛盘,pallet,,

侧板,sideplate,,

吊具,slingfitting,,

花篮螺丝,turnbuckle,,

钢带,steelstrapping,,

角保护带,edgeprotecterclosureplate,,

防护角,cornerprotecter,,

板,board,,

合板,plywood,,

缓冲材料,cushioningmaterial,,

通气孔盖,ventilationcover,,

超载,superimposedload,,

开包,unpacking,,

船上标志,shippingmark,,

注意标志,caremark,,

5.1项目执行,,,

总图会议,kick-offmeeting,,

项目研究会议,projectstudymeeting,,

开工会议,launchingmeeting,,

项目报告,projectreporting,,

审查会议,screetingmeeting,,

进展报告,progressreport,,

协调过程,coordinationprocedure,,

变更指示,changeorder,,

认可,approval,,

复阅,review,,

5.2工程,,,

项目完工报告,jobclose-outreport,,

项目执行报告,jobperformancereport,,

完工汇编,close-outbook,,

反馈系统,feedbacksystem,,

项目设计条件,projectdesigninformation,,

会签,inter-departmentcheck,,

工程设计,engineeringdesign,,

工艺条件确认,engineeringreview,,

工艺条件校核,engineeringchecking,,

项目完成指标审核表,projectperformancechecksheet,AFC,

施工版,approvedforconstruction,,

设计变更,errorreport,,

技术文件,technicaldatabook,,

管道材料工艺条件,processdataforpipingmaterial,,

载荷条件,loadingdata,,

关键路径法,criticalpathmethod,,

关键路径进度表,criticalpathscheduling,PERT,

,programevaluationandreviewtechnique,,

5.3费用及工时管理,,,

工程预算,projectcontrolbudget,M/H,

工时,man-hour,M/D,

工日,man-day,M/M,

人月,man-month,,

考勤表,timesheet,,

工作号,worknumber,,

项目号,jobnumber,,

前期项目号,proposalnumber,,

改进工作,improvementwork,,

闲滞,idle,,

工时报告,man-hourreport,,

项目工时汇总,jobman-hoursperformancereport,,

5.4费用分类,,,

费用分类,codeofacount,,

主帐,majoraccount,,

分帐,sub-account,,

设备位号,itemnumber,,

5.5组织,,,

指定,assign,,

借调,on-loan,,

项目成员,projectmember,PM,

项目经理,projectmanager,APM,

项目经理助理,assistantprojectmanager,SM,

现场经理,sitemanager,CM,

施工经理,constructionmanager,OM,

开车经理,operationmanager,,

现场指挥,fieldmanager,,

项目前期经理,proposalmanager,,

估算员,estimator,,

原始采购员,originator,,

协调员,coordinator,PDC,

项目设计协调员,projectdesigncoordinator,,

6标准化，资料管理，法规，规格,,,

6.1标准化,,,

标准化,standardization,,

标准，规格,standard,,

工程规定,engineerspecification,,

项目特殊要求,specificjobrequirement,,

工程手册,engineeringmanual,,

标准图,standarddrawing,,

工程用表格,engineeringform,,

法规,lawandregulation,,

法律,law,,

6.2资料管理,,,

情报管理,informationanddocumenation,,

信息中心,informationcenter,,

调研（追述）,retrospectivesearching,,

信息选择服务,selectivedisseminationofinformation,,

情报跟踪,currentawareness,,

检索效率,retrievalefficieney,,

资料,documents,,

原文献,primarysources,,

文献摘抄,secondarysources,,

连载刊物,serials,,

定期刊物,periodieals,,

（学会）纪要,memoirs,,

会报,transactions,,

会议论文,conferencepaper,,

会议记录,proceedings,,

索引期刊,indexjournal,,

文摘期刊,abstractjournal,,

情报摘要,informativeabstracts,,

指示文稿,indicativeabstracts,,

图书目录,bookcatalog,,

标题目录,titlecatalog,,

总目录,unioncatalog,,

标准目录,standardcatalog,,

关键词,keyword,,

省略词,stopword,,

KWIC索引,keyword-in-contextindex,,

KWOC索引,keyword-our-of-contextindex,,

顺序索引,permutedindex,,

相关索引,coordinateindex,,

主题分析,subjectanalysis,,

统计分类,statisticalclassification,,

国际十进制分类法,Universaldecimalclassification,,

借阅卡片,visiblecard,,

书卡,bookcard,,

档案系统,filingsystem,,

微缩复制,microcopy,,

微缩系统,micro-system,,

维缩片夹,aperturecard,,

维缩卡片,fichefilm,,

6.3法规,,,

高压气体取缔法,highpressuregascontrollaw,,

消防法,fireservicelaw,,

劳动安全卫生法,industrialsafetyandhealthlaw,,

建筑基本法,buildingstandardlaw,,

单位制,systemofunits,,

国际单位制,internationalsystemofunits,,

系统图，设备布置图，配管图及材料统计,,,

7.1图纸，条件表,,PFD,

工艺流程图,processflowdiagram,P&ID,

管道仪表流程图,processpiping&instrumentflowdiagram,UFD,

公用工程流程图,utilityflowdiagram,,

框图,blockflowdiagram,UBD,

公用工程介质平衡图,utilitybalancediagram,,

平面布置图,plotplan,,

立面布制图,generalarrangement,,

总图,generalplotplan,,

规划图,planningdrawing,,

管道研究图,pipingstudydrawing,,

管道布置图（配管图）,pipingarrangementdrawing,,

分区图,keyplan,,

管道走向研究图,pipingroutingstudydrawing,,

地下管道图,undergroundpipingdrawing,,

管道特殊管件图,pipingspecislpsrtsdrawing,,

管架祥图,pipinghandingdrawing,,

预制图,prefabricationdrawing,,

参考图,refercedrawing,,

通用图,typicaldrawing,,

制造厂图,vendor'sdrawing,,

管道轴侧图,isometricpipingdrawing,,

竣工图,as-builtdrawing,,

模型,model,,

管线表,lineschedule,,

计算书,calculationsheet,,

图纸目录,drawingschedule,,

发图阶段,issuestage,,

版次,revisionnumber,,

编号体系,numberingsystem,,

比例,scale,,

工厂北向,plantnorth,,

海平面标高,over-seameanlevel(osl),,

标高,elevation(el),,

已有钢结构,existingstructure,,

装货区,loadingarea,,

公用工程站,utilitystation,,

柱号,columnnumber,,

净空,headroom,,

通道,accessway,,

小通道,catway,,

钢结构顶部标高,topofstructureelevation,,

管底标高,bottomofpipingelevation,,

主管口径,runsize,,

顶平偏心异径管,eccentricreducertopflat,,

中心到面的距离,centertoface,,

工作点标高,workingpointelevation,,

管架标注,hangingmarking,,

冷拉,coldspring,,

管线记号,linesymbol,,

管线接口,lineconnection,,

物流号,streamNO.,,

管线号,lineNO.,,

管道等级号,(1)classdesignation,,

,(2)specdesignation,,

阀门号,valveNO.,,

等级分界,specificationbreak,,

重要管道,criticalpiping,,

总管,headerpipe,,

仪表管道,instrumentpiping,,

排放管道,blowdownpiping,,

火炬气管道,flarepiping,,

输送管线,transferpiping,,

入口管线,suctionline,,

排水管,effluentline,,

旁通管,bypassline,,

吹扫系统,purgesystem,,

放空接口,ventconnection,,

]软管接口,hoseconnection,,

双切断阀及排水阀,doubleblockandbleeder,,

污水沟,sewerditch,,

冷凝液池,condensatepit,,

积水坑,sumpbox,,

漏斗,dirpfunnel,,

管段,spoolpiece,,

垫环,spacerring,,

限流孔板,restrictionorifice,,

流量喷咀,flownozzle,,

液体混合用三通,mixingtee,,

喷头,spraynozle,,

粗滤器,strainer,,

临时粗滤器,temporarystrainer,,

疏水阀,steamtrap,,

爆破膜,rupturedisk,,

蒸汽伴热管道,steam-tracedpiping,,

夹套管道,jacketedpiping,,

底下管道,undergroundpiping,,

7.2管道要素,,,

钢管,steelpipe,,

螺纹端管,threadedpipe,,

法兰端管,flangepipe,,

锻制的,swage,,

光滑弯管,smoothbend,,

U型弯管,U-bend,,

弯管,bendingpipe,,

波纹管膨胀节,expansinonbellows,,

柔性管,flexiblepipe,,

管件接头,pipefittingjoint,,

机械连接,mechanicaljoint,,

活套连接,lappedjoint,,

环形垫连接,ringtypejoint,,

扩口接头,flaretypejoint,,

非扩口连接,flarelesstypejoint,,

承插连接,bellandspigot,,

VICTAULIC接头,victaulicjoint,,

弯头,eblow,,

异径管,reducer,,

管接头,coupling,,

活接头,union,,

短管,nipple,,

法兰,flange,,

配对法兰,companionflange,,

法兰盖,blindflange,,

异径法兰,reducingflange,,

八字盲板,(1)spectactleblind,,

,(2)reversibleblind,,

平板式法兰,plateflange,,

带颈法兰,hubbedflange,,

对焊法兰,weldingneckflange,,

松套法兰,looseflange,,

管端突缘,stubend,,

法兰面,flangeface,,

垫片沟槽,gasketgroove,,

满平面,fullface,,

突面,raisedface,,

大准槽面,largetongueandgrooveface,,

双凹凸面,doublemale&femaleface,,

大凹凸面,largemale&femaleface,,

金属垫片,metallicegasket,,

非金属垫片,Non-metallicegasket,,

半金属垫片,semi-metallicegasket,,

O型环,O-ring,,

透镜垫,lensring,,

对焊,buutweld,,

承插焊接,socketweld,,

滑套焊接,slip-onweld,,

焊接支管台,weldlet,,

插入环,insertting,,

管帽,cap,,

材料表,billofmaterial,,

材料统计,take-off,,

管段表,linebillofmaterial,,

估算汇总表,eatimationsummarysheet,,

备品备件表,sparepartslist,,

报价单,quotationsheet,,

定货表,purchaseorderschedule,,

材料汇总表,bilofmaterialsummary,,

状态报告,statusreport,,

分布报告,distributionreport,,

价格，重量一览表,cost&weightsummary,,

价格，重量汇总表,cost&weighttotal,,

定货管理表,ordorcontrol,,

管道材料管理表,pipingmaterialcontrolsheet,,

元件代码,itemnumber,,

标记号,tagnumber,,

标准形态,standardshape,,

轴测图,isometricdrawing,,

管线号,linereference,,

批号,batchreference,,

管子下料表,pipingcutinglist,,

制作件表,fabricationpartslist,,

组装件表,erectionpartlist,,

固定架,anchor,,

滑动架,restingsupport,,

导向架,guide,,

限位架,directionalstop,,

减震架,dampener,,

支架,support,,

管托,shoe,,

保冷管托,cradle,,

鞍座,saddle,,

耳轴,trunnion,,

吊架,hanger,,

刚性吊架,rigidhanger,,

弹簧吊架,constanthanger,,

恒力吊架,spinghanger,,

阀门,valve,,

截止阀,globevalve,,

闸阀,gatevalve,,

针形阀,needlevalve,,

球阀,ballvalve,,

止回阀,checkvalve,,

隔膜阀,diaphragmvalve,,

三通阀,three-wayvalve,,

角阀,anglevalve,,

碟阀,buutterflyvalve,,

旋塞阀,cock,,

伸长杆操作,extensionstem-operation,,

链操作,chain-operated,,

齿轮操作,gear-operated,,

扳手操作,wrench-operated,,

电动操作,motor-operated,,

阀芯,tirm,,

阀盖,bonnet,,

焊接支管,weldbranch,,

偏置,offset,,

焊缝根部间隙,weldrootgap,,

现场调整后在下料和焊接,cutandweldafteradjusting,,

坡度,slope,,

工作点,workingpoint,,

管架说明,notesforpipinghanging,,

部门间校核版,interdepartmentalcheckprint,,

平端,plainend,,

破口端,beveledend,,

管道连接图,pipinghook-updrawing,,

管道图说明,notesforpipingdrawing,,

标题栏,titleblock,,

询价单,pipingrequisitionsheet,,

8配管及一般设备设计,,,

8.1保温，保冷,,,

绝热,insulation,,

设备绝热表,equipmentinsulationschedule,,

绝热符号,insulationcode,,

保温设计,designofcoldinsulation,,

正常操作所用的保温,insulationforstableoperating,,

人身防护,personnelprotection,,

放火层,fire-proofing,,

防结露,anti-sweat,,

防冻,winterizing,,

防音,soundprotection,,

保温材料,hotinsulationmaterial,,

保冷材料,coldinsulationmaterial,,

]石棉],asbestos,,

硅藻土,diatomaceousearth,,

岩棉,rockwool,,

玻璃棉,glasswool,,

碳酸镁,magnesiumcarbonate,,

硅酸铝,calciumcarbonate,,

珍珠岩,perlite,,

软木版,corkboards,,

毛毡,hairfelt,,

泡沫聚氨酯,foampolystyrene,,

硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯,rigidfoamurethane,,

硬泡沫橡胶,rigidfoamrubber,,

玛碲脂,mastic,,

耐磨损材料,anti-abrasioncoatingmaterial,,

管壳,laggingcloth,,

铁丝网,hexagonalwirenetting,,

填缝材料,caulkingmaterial,,

保护层,(1)jacketingsheet,,

,(2)coversheet,,

波纹铝板,corrugatedaluminumsheet,,

有色镀钢板,precoatedgalvanizedsheet,,

搭板,buttstrap,,

Z型接头,Z-jiont,,

8.2防腐，涂料,,,

色标,colour-code,,

孟塞尔色系,Munsellnotation,,

管道识别色,identificationofpipingsystem,,

防腐层,externalcoating,,

油漆,paint,,

清漆,varnish,,

防腐漆,(1)anti-corrosivepaint,,

,(2)rush-proofpaint,,

含铝漆,aluminumpaint,,

底漆,primer,,

耐酸漆,acid-proofpaint,,

耐碱漆,alkali-proofpaint,,

耐热漆,heat-resistingpaint,,

测热漆,thermo-paint,,

绝缘漆,insulatingvarnish,,

表面处理,surfacepreoaration,,

涂漆,painting,,

阴极保护,cathdicprotection,,

8.3振动解析,,,

机械振动,mechanicalvibration,,

自由振动,freevibration,,

强制振动,forcevibration,,

自励振动,self-excitedvibration,,

固有频率,naturalfrequency,,

固有周期,naturalpeirod,,

波谷,loop,,

波峰,node,,

正弦振动,sinusoidaloscillation,,

非线性振动,non-linearoscillation,,

阻尼振动,dampedvibration,,

临界阻尼,criticaldamping,,

衰减系数,(1)attenuationconstant,,

,(2)decaycoefficient,,

,(3)decayfactor,,

共振,resonance,,

扭曲振动,torsionalvibration,,

挠性振动,flexuralvibration,,

极限速度,criticalspeed,,

固有值,characteristicvalue,,

临界条件,boundarycondition,,

弹簧系数,springconstant,,

惯性矩,momentofinertia,,

回转半径,radiusofgyration,,

振动吸收装置,dynamicvibrationabsorber,,

液压减振器,hydraulicdamper,,

弹簧减振器,(1)springdamper,,

,(2)springdampener,,

油压缩定,oillock,,

8.4耐震设计,,,

固有振动方式,naturalfrequencymode,,

卓越周期,predominantperiod,,

基本周期,firstnaturalfrquency,,

横波,transversewave,,

纵波,longitudinalwave,,

相对位移,relativedisplacement,,

质量比,massratio,,

静解析法,staticmethod,,

修正静解析法,correctedstaticmethod,,

动解析法,modalanalysis,,

时历响应解吸法,timehistoryresponeanalysis,,

设计响应光谱,designresponsespectrum,,

加速响应光谱,accelerationresponsespectrum,,

地板响应光谱,floorresponsespectrum,,

标准响应光谱,standardresponsespectrum,,

加速响应增幅比,accelerationresponseamplituderatio,,

刚性结构,rigidstruture,,

柔性结构,fiexiblestructure,,

长周期结构,long-periodstructure,,

刚性框架,Rahmenrigidframe,,

地震波,earthquakeaccelerogram,,

位移量记录,displaquakeaccelerogram,,

设计地震,designearthquake,,

设计震度,designseismiccoefficient,,

地震,earthquake,,

震源距离,distancetocentrun,,

震中距离,distancetoepicenter,,

震吸,magnitude,,

地震波显示仪,seisomscope,,

地震仪,seimograph,,

耐震等级,seismicclass,,

基岩,baserock,,

8.5应力分析,,,

外力,externalforce,,

内力,internalforce,,

反作用力,reactionforce,,

力偶,coupeofforce,,

弯矩,bendingmoment,,

扭矩,twistingmoment,,

应力,stress,,

弯曲应力,bendingstress,,

扭曲应力,torsionalstress,,

圆周应力,hoopstress,,

峰值应力],peakstress,,

一次应力,primarystress,,

二次应力,secondarystress,,

轴向应力,axialstress,,

重复应力,repeatedstress,,

脉动应力,pulsatingstress,,

交变应力,alternatingstress,,

应变,strain,,

应变能,strainenergy,,

主应力,principalstress,,

主应力理论,principalstresstheory,,

最大减切应力理论,maximumshearingstresstheory,,

残余应力,residualstresstheory,,

热应力,thermalstress,,

热破坏,thermalshock,,

疲劳,fatigue,,

疲劳曲线,S-Ndiagram,,

疲劳极限,(1)fatiguelimit,,

,(2)endurancelimit,,

腐蚀疲劳,corrosionfatigue,,

蠕变,creep,,

蠕变疲劳,creepfatigue,,

尺寸效应,sizesffect,,

应力集中系数,coefficientofstressconcentration,,

形状系数,shapecoeffcient,,

缺口系数,notchfactor,,

应力强度系数,stressintensityfactor,,

几何惯性矩,geometricalmomentofinertia,,

断面系数,modulusofsection,,

断面极惯性矩,polarmomentofinertiaofarea,,

杨氏模量,young'smodulus,,

横向弹性系数,modulusoftransverseelasticity,,

体积弹性系数,modulusofvolumetricelasticity,,

泊松比,poissor'ratio,,

弹性极限,elasticlimit,,

屈服点,yieldpoint,,

拉伸强度,tensilestrength,,

伸长,elongation,,

永久变形,permanentset,,

弹性,flexibility,,

弹性分析,elasticanalysis,,

弹性屈服,elasticbuckling,,

塑性,plasticity,,

塑变滞后,plasticityhysteresis,,

极限分析,limitanalysis,,

弹塑性分析,elastic-plasticanalysis,,

疲劳分析,fatigueanalysis,,

有限元法,finiteelementmethod,,

静载荷,deadload,,

8.6流体流动,,,

水锤,waterhammer,,

急关,rapidclosure,,

缓关,slowclosure,,

冲击波,shockclosure,,

液压振动,acousticvibrationofliquidflow,,

脉动,pulsaionflow,,

两相流,two-phaseflow,,

气压振动,acousticvibration,,

卡门涡街,karmaneddies,,

颤动,fluttering,,

气蚀,cavitation,,

8.7噪音,,,

噪音,(1)noise,,

,(2)undesiredsound,,

听力范围,auditorysensationarea,,

掩蔽,masking,,

背景噪音,backgroundnoise,,

声强,soundintensity,,

声压,soundpressure,,

声压值,soundpressurelevel,,

噪声值,(1)noiselevel,,

,(2)soundlevel,,

噪声计,,,

听觉矫正回路,weightingnetwork,,

音平,loundnesslevel,,

音能,soundpower,,

音能值,soundpowerlevel,,

总体值,overalllevel,,

90%范围,90%range,,

中间值,median,,

NR数,noiseratingnumber,,

频率分析器,frequencyanalyzer,,

倍频带,octaveband,,

1/3的倍频带,1/3octaveband,,

波段值,bandfield,,

音场,soundfield,,

方向性,directivity,,

方向系数,directivityfactor,,

衍射,diffration,,

声源,soundsource,,

房间常数,roomconstant,,

吸音律,soundabsorptioncoefficient,,

穿透率,transmissioncoefficient,,

穿透损失,trasmissionlooss,,

质量原理,masslaw,,

8.8设计条件,,,

操作压力,operatingpressure,,

最高操作压力,maximumoperatingpressure,,

操作温度,operatingtemperature,,

最高操作温度,maximumoperatingtemperature,,

温度基准,basetemperature,,

腐蚀温度,corrosionallowance,,

许容应力,allowablestress,,

安全系数,safetyfactor,,

地理条件,geologicalconditions,,

9塔.槽.换热器.3加热炉,,,

9.1图面用语,,,

设备表,vesselschedule,,

工程图,engineeringdrawing,,

管口表,(1)nozzlechart,,

,(2)nozzleschedule,,

管口方向,nozzleorientation,,

予焊件图,clipschedule,,

切线,tangentline(TL),,

焊缝线,weldline(WL),,

参照线,workline(WL),,

基准线,baseline(BL),,

9.2容器,,,

容器,vessel,,

塔,tower,,

自支承塔,self-supportedtower,,

板式塔,traytower,,

填料塔,packedtower,,

喷淋塔,spraytower,,

槽.罐,drum,,

贮罐,tanke,,

球罐,sphericaltank,,

,balltank,,

浮顶罐,floatingrooftank,,

锥顶罐,conerooftank,,

拱顶罐,domerooftank,,

双壁罐,doublewalltank,,

湿式气柜,wetgasholder,,

干式气柜,drygssholder,,

料仓,(1)silo,,

,(2)bin,,

漏斗,hopper,,

9.3内件,,,

内件,internals,,

塔盘,traytower,,

泡罩塔盘,bubblecaptray,,

筛板塔盘,perforatedtray,,

浮阀塔盘,valvetray,,

单留向式塔盘,uni-fluxtray,,

波纹塔盘,rippletray,,

塔盘板,deck,,

溢流郾,weir,,

降液管,downcomer,,

密封槽,sealpot,,

取液槽,draw-offpot,,

密封盘,sealpan,,

塔盘支承环,traysupportring,,

鲍尔环,Pallring,,

泪孔,weephole,,

填料,packing,,

拉希环,raschingring,,

矩鞍形填料,intaloxsaddle,,

分布器,distributor,,

]除沫器,demister,,

进料挡板,feeddeflector,,

防涡流挡板,vortexbreaker,,

内筒,cartridge,,

9.4主要附属品,,,

壳体,shell,,

变颈段,reducingsection,,

封头,head,,

椭圆形封头,ellipsoidalhead,,

碟形封头,(1)dishedhead,,

,(2)torisphericalhead,,

半球形封头,hemisphericalhead,,

锥形封头,conicalhead,,

平封头,flathead,,

加强圈,reinforcingring,,

夹套,jacket,,

人孔,manhole,,

手孔,handhole,,

检查孔,insoectionhole,,

接管,nozzle,,

凸缘,padnozzle,,

锻制接管,forgednozzle,,

补强板,reinforcingpad,,

信号孔,tell-talehole,,

容器支座,vesselsupport,,

裙座,skirt,,

支腿,leg,,

支耳,supportlug,,

底座,baseblock,,

基础环,basering,,

筋板,gussetplate,,

压环,compressionring,,

鞍座,saddle,,

摸板,template,,

通道,accessopening,,

套管,pipesleeve,,

连接板,lug,,

予焊件,clipschedule,,

接地板,earthlug,,

吊耳,liftinglug,,

平台,platform,,

梯子,ladder,,

保温支承,insulationsupport,,

吊柱,davit,,

人孔绞链,manholehinge,,

放空口,ventnozzle,,

呼吸口,breathervalve,,

计量口,gaugehatch,,

9.5换热器,,,

换热器,heatexchanger,,

换热面积,heattransferarea,,

总传热系数,overallheattransfercoefficient,,

境膜传热系数,filmcoefficient,,

对数平均温差,logarithmicmeantemperaturedifference(LMD),,

平均温差,meantemperaturedifference(MID),,

污垢系数,foulingfactor,,

布管图,tubearrangement,,

三角形排列,triangulararrangement,,

转角三角形排列,rotatedtriangulararrangement,,

正方形排列,squarearrangement,,

转角正方形排列,roatedsquarearrangement,,

最大布管图,outsidetubelimit,,

管壳式换热器,sheetandtubeheatexchanger,,

固定管板换热器,fixedtubesheetheatexchanger,,

浮头式换热器,floatingheadtypeheatexchanger,,

U型管换热器,U-tubetypeheatexchanger,,

釜式换热器,kettletypeheatexchanger,,

套管式换热器,doubletubetypeheatexchanger,,

冲洗式冷却器,irrigationcooler,,

蛇管式换热器,coiltypeheatexchanger,,

插管式换热器,bayonettypeheatexchanger,,

板式换热器,paltetypeheatexchanger,,

螺旋板式换热器,spiralheatexchanger,,

夹套式换热器,jackettypeheatexchanger,,

石墨换热器,graphiteheatexchanger,,

空冷式换热器,air-cooledheatexchanger,,

换热管,tubearrangement,,

折流板,baffleplate,,

管箱,channel,,

分程隔板,passpartitionplate,,

浮头式换热器,floatinghead,,

防冲挡板,impingementbaffle,,

管束,tubebundle,,

管板,tubesheet,,

管子与管板的连接,tube-to-tubesheetjoint,,

管接头,ferrule,,

9.6加热炉,,,

加热炉,direct-firedheater,,

热负荷,(1)heatduty,,

,(2)heatrelease,,

热损失,heatloss,,

加热炉效率,efficiencyofheater,,

热流率,hearflux,,

管壁温度,tubeskintemperature,,

体积热负荷,volumetricheatrelease,,

辐射段,radiantsection,,

对流段,convectionsection,,

屏蔽段,shieldwall,,

坝墙,bridgewallex,,

暴露墙,exposedwall,,

屏蔽墙,shieldedwall,,

管支撑,tubesupport,,

炉管,(1)heatertube,,

,(2)furnacetube,,

扩大表面管,extendedsurfacetube,,

联箱,(1)heater,,

,(2)heaterbox,,

回管头,returnbend,,

管群间连接管,crossover,,

通风,draft,,

烟道,flue,,

（烟道）挡板,damper,,

烟囱,stack,,

烧嘴,burner,,

过量空气,exceessair,,

风箱,windbox,,

观察孔,(1)observationdoor,,

,(2)peepdoor,,

检修孔,accessdoor,,

防爆门,explosiondoor,,

吹灰器,sootdoor,,

油漆清车导轨,paintertrolley,,

陶瓷纤维,ceramicfiber,,

耐火砖,firebrick,,

保温耐火砖,insulationfirebrick,,

保温板,insulationboard,,

可铸耐火材料,castable,,

衬里支承,lininganchor,,

炉壁横梁,lintel,,

膨胀节,expansionjoint,,

10.转动机械,,,

10.1转动机械],,,

轴,shaft,,

轴承,bearing,,

轴承箱,bearinghousing,,

联轴节,shaftcoupling,,

滑轮,pulley,,

V形皮带（三角皮带）,v-belt,,

转动设备,turningequipment,,

润滑,lubrication,,

润滑油,(1)lubricationoil,,

,(2)lubeoil,,

密封,seal,,

轴封,shaftseal,,

填料函,packing,,

填料箱,stuffingbox,,

油膜密封,oilfilmseal,,

油封,sealoil,,

机械密封,mechanicalseal,,

齿轮,gear,,

曲轴,crankshaft,,

连杆,connectingrod,,

十字头,crosshead,,

汽缸,cylinder,,

缸套,cylinderliner,,

汽缸阀,cylindervalue,,

活塞,piston,,

金属填料,metallicpacking,,

予埋板,soleplate,,

基座,baseplate,,

柱塞,plunger,,

箱体（壳体）,casing,,

转子,rotor,,

平衡活塞,balancepiston,,

迷宫密封],labyrinth,,

叶轮,impeller,,

轴套’,sleeve,,

耐磨环,wearingring,,

灯笼环,(1)lanternring,,

,(2)sealcage,,

10.2转动机械能,,,

轴动力,(1)shaftpower,,

,(2)brakehorsepower,,

额定制动马力,ratedbrakehorsepower,,

齿轮传动损失,gearloss,,

机械效率,mechanicalefficiency,,

机械损失,mechanicalloss,,

额定转数,ratedspeed,,

最大连续转数],maximumcontinuousspeed,,

旋转油膜,oilwhirl,,

临界速度,critical