英语-名词专项课件

语法专项名词Dorrit语法专项名词Dorrit1一、名词分类名词分为专有名词和普通名词。普通名词分为可数名词与不可数名词。可数名词又分为单数与复数，个体和集体。不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词。一、名词分类名词分为专有名词和普通名词。2名词的种类专有名词：普通名词：可数：不可数：个体名词：nurse,house,apple,pen，dress集体名词：people,family,class,police

物质名词：water,paper,air,milk抽象名词：work,health,homework,news,weather名词的种类专有名词：普通3名词单数的表达

一般可用a，an来修饰注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前*a

book

*an

Englishbook

*an

hour

名词单数的表达4名词单数变复数1.一般情况下，直接加-s.e.g.book--books2.以s、x、ch、sh以及部分o结尾的单词，加es.e.g.bus--busesfox--foxesmatch--matchesdish--dishespotato--potatoestomato--tomatoesNegro--Negroeshero--heroes3.以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i,加es.e.g.fly--fliesstudy--studies以元音字母加y结尾的，直接加s.e.g.boy--boys4.以f、fe结尾的，变f、fe为v,加es.e.g.wife--wivesleaf--leaveshalf--halves名词单数变复数1.一般情况下，直接加-s.e.g.55.单复同形：ChineseJapanesefishsheepdeer6.不规则变化：man--menwoman--womenchild--childrenmouse--micetooth--teeth5.单复同形：ChineseJapanese66国人复数中日不变英法变，其它S加后面。Chinese--ChineseJapanese--JapaneseEnglishman--EnglishmenFrenchman--FrenchmenAmerican--AmericansGerman--GermansCanadian--Canadians国人复数中日不变英法变，其它S加后面。Chinese--Ch7复习检测countryfrenchmanmousehouseknifeboxnursemandoctordressphotosheepmonkeygooseroomheroglassChinesefamilywatchpotatocountriesmiceknivesmendoctorsdressessheepgeeseheroesChinesewatchesfrenchmenhousesboxesnursesphotosmonkeysroomsglassesfamiliespotatoes复习检测country81.Several_____aretalking

underthetree．Andtheyaretalkingabout______.

A．woman;children B．woman;childC．women;children2.Therearethree

inmyfamily.A.peopleB.personC.child3.Some______cametoourschoolforavisitthatday.

A.GermansB.GermenC.GermanyD.GermaniesCAA1.Several_____aretalking

u94.Inthepicturetherearemany______andtwo_______.

A.sheeps;knifesB.sheeps;knifeC.sheep;knives D.sheep;knife5.Therearefour_______andtwo_______inthegroup.A.Japanese，Germen

B.Japaneses，GermenC.Japanese，German

D.Japanese，GermansDC4.Inthepicturetherearema10不可数名词物质名词：液体、气体、肉类、时间、金钱等；抽象名词：健康（healthy）、和平（peace）不可数名词物质名词：液体、气体、肉类、时间、金钱等；11不可数名词不能直接被a,an等修饰，常用

much,alittle,little,alotof,lotsof,some,any等修饰；可数名词和不可数名词都可以用单位+of+名词表达量，但单位后面的可数名词用复数，不可数名词形式不变

*abagofapples

*apieceof

paper

*threeglassesof

orange不可数名词不能直接被a,an等修饰，常用much,a12量词abottleofapieceofapoundofacupofaloafofabaroftwobottlesofthreepiecesoffivepoundsofmanycupsofalotofloavesof不可数名词的数量变化体现在量词上；谓语动词的单复情况也要看量词。量词abottleof13练一练There_____somemilkintheglass.There_____acupofmilkonthedesk.There_____somecupsofmilkonthedesk.There_____manypotatoesinthebag.There_____abagofpotatoesintheroom.isisareareis练一练There_____somemilkinth14

*有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同

glass(玻璃)–aglass(玻璃杯)work(工作)–awork(著作)time(时间)–times(次数)*有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情151.Givemesome______(water),please.2.Howmany_______(photo)doyousee?3.Ilike_____(rice)verymuch.4.Therearesome_______(orange)onthetable.5.Thereissome_______(orange)onthetable.6.Doessheenjoy_______(apple)?7.Doyouhaveany_______(knife)?8.Therearetwo_______(Chinese)andaJapaneseintheroom.9.It'ssalty.Youhaveputtoomuch_______inthesoup.10.Many________(people)areintheparkonSundays.waterphotosriceorangesorangeapplesknivesChinesesaltpeople1.Givemesome______(water),161.Pleasegiveme______paper.

A.oneB.apieces C.apiece D.apieceof2.Thistableismadeof_______.A.manyglassB.someglassesC.glassesD.glass3.—WhatcanIdoforyou,sir?—I'dliketwo_________.A.bottleofmilkB.bottlesofmilksC.bottlesofmilkD.bottleofmilks4.Wecandotheworkbetterwith______moneyand________people.A.less,fewerB.fewer,lessC.little,littleD.few,few

DDCA1.Pleasegiveme______paper17对名词提问可数名词：howmanye.g.Howmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?不可数名词：howmuche.g.Howmuchbreaddidyouhaveforbreakfastthismorning?e.g.Howmuchisyournewdress?howmuch还可以对价钱提问。对名词提问可数名词：howmany18练一练1.Therearetwoapplesonthetable.2.Icanseethreebooksonthedesk.3.Shehassomeorange.4.Iatetwopiecesofbreadthismorning.Howmanyapplesarethereonthetable?Howmanybookscanyouseeonthedesk?Howmuchorangedoesshehave?Howmuchbreaddidyoueatthismorning?练一练1.Therearetwoappleson19二、名词所有格有生命：'s所有格

e.g.myuncle'sjobherfather'soffice无生命的：of所有格

e.g.thedooroftheclassroom二、名词所有格有生命：'s所有格20'S所有格1.所有单数名词，直接加's.e.g.Mary'shome2.复数名词：A.不以s结尾的，加's.e.g.men'sshoeschildren'sparadiseB.以s结尾的复数，加'.e.g.girls'dresses3.共有与否问题：若共有，只在最后一个名词后加's;若不共有，则在每一个名词后都加's.e.g.Lily'sandLucy'smothersLilyandLucy'smother'S所有格1.所有单数名词，直接加's.21在表示店铺或某人的家，所有格后面通常不出现它所修饰的名词，直接用所有格表示具体的意义。e.g.myaunt's我姑姑家thebutcher's肉店在表示店铺或某人的家，所有格后面通常不出现它所修饰的名词，直22练一练Thesebagsare________(Tom).Thisis_______________(LucyandLily)room.Howmany________(Japanese)inthepark?Theseare_______________(LucyandLily)schoolbags.Thatwomanisafriendof_________________(Linda'smother).Tom'sLucyandLily'sLucy'sandLily'sJapaneseLinda'smother's练一练Thesebagsare________(Tom231.June1stis____Day.AlltheChildrenenjoyitverymuch.A.ChildrenB.Childrens’C.Children’sD.Child2.Thetwobedroomsarethe____.A.twinsB.twin’sC.twins’D.twinsCC1.June1stis____Day.Allth24重难点突破Ourhospitalneedstwo___doctors,Mrs.Li.Youcanaskyoursontohaveatry.A.womenB.manC.womanD.menD重难点突破D25名词修饰名词时：1.一个名词修饰另一名词时,一般用单数

*Therearethreebanana

treesoverthere.

2.man,woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致

*Weneed

amanteacher.

*Theyareall

womenworkers.3.sports,clothes做定语时,仍用复数形式

*a

sports

star

*a

clothes

shop名词修饰名词时：262.Thispairofshorts___tooexpensive.Ican’tafford____.are,themB.are,itC.is,themD.is,it重难点突破C2.Thispairofshorts___tooe27当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单位”的单复数决定。Thispairofshoesisnice.比较：Theshoesarenice.Herearetwopiecesofnews.比较：Thenewsiswonderful.当出现“单位+of+名词”时，谓语动词应根据“单