2023-2024学年度北师大版必修一 Lesson 2 Sports and fitness学案_第1页
2023-2024学年度北师大版必修一 Lesson 2 Sports and fitness学案_第2页
2023-2024学年度北师大版必修一 Lesson 2 Sports and fitness学案_第3页
2023-2024学年度北师大版必修一 Lesson 2 Sports and fitness学案_第4页
2023-2024学年度北师大版必修一 Lesson 2 Sports and fitness学案_第5页
已阅读5页,还剩20页未读 继续免费阅读

下载本文档

版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领

文档简介

2023-2024学年度北师大版必修一Lesson2Sportsandfitness学案目标导航目标导航重点词汇1.athleten.运动员2.prefervt.更喜欢3.dietn.日常饮食4.withinprep.在……之内5.beltn.腰带,皮带6.audiencen.观众;听众7.remindvt.使(某人)想起,提醒8.bitevi.&vt.咬9.prohibitvt.禁止10.casen.状况,场合;事例,实例11.annualadj.一年一度的,每年的12.quitvi.&vt.停止(做某事)13.tipn.建议,忠告,窍门14.gymnasticsn.体操15.jogvi.&n.慢跑16.cyclevi.骑自行车17.trackn.跑道18.stairn.楼梯;梯级19.netn.(网球等的)球网;网20.courtn.(网球等的)球场21.boxingn.拳击(运动)22.bouncevt.&vi.(使)弹起,(使)反弹23.halfwayadv.半途地24.defeatvt.(在比赛、战争中)战胜,打败n.失败25.companyn公司,一群人,陪伴26.desiren.&v.渴望27.crashvt.&vi.猛撞28.gathervt.&vi.聚集,聚合29.packn.包,包裹vt.&vi.把……包起来30.earnvt.赢得,博得31.underdogn.处于劣势的人(队);弱方32.guyn.(非正式)男人,家伙33.championn.冠军,第一名34.benchn.替补队员席,长凳35.extraadj.额外的,另外的36.clapvt.&vi.鼓掌,拍手37.systemn.系统38.weeklyadj.一周一次的,每周的39.awkwardadj.令人尴尬的40.capableadj.能干的;能力强的41.preventvt.预防;阻止;阻挡42.diseasen.疾病43.flowvi.流,流动n.流动44.upperadj.较上的,上面的45.achen.隐痛46.clickvi.&vt.点击(鼠标)47.detailn.细节48.amountn.数量,数额49.bonen.骨头,骨50.overdovt.把……做得过火51.membershipn.会员身份52.oxygenn.氧53.guidelinen.指导方针,指导原则54.shortcutn.捷径,近路55.principlen.原则,基本的观念56.overnightadv.突然,一下子57.musclen.肌肉58.sweatn.汗水词汇拓展1.frequencyn.发生的频率,发生率→frequentadj.频繁的→frequentlyadv.时常;经常2.balancedadj.均衡的,平衡的→balancen.天平;平衡vt.平衡;权衡3.regularlyadv.经常;定期地→regularadj.规则的;定期的;常规的4.announcementn.通告,公告→announcevt.宣布;通告5.defencen.防守队员,后卫→defendvt.防护;防卫6.applicationn.申请,申请书→applyvi.申请→applicantn.申请人7.occupyvt.占用,占去(时间)→occupiedadj.被占用的;被占领的→occupationn.占领;居住;职业8.disappointmentn.失望;扫兴;沮丧→disappointedadj.失望的;沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的→disappointvt.使失望;使扫兴9.amazinglyadv.惊人地,了不起地→amazevt.使吃惊;惊讶→amazingadj.令人吃惊的→amazedadj.感到吃惊的10.inspirationn.鼓舞,激励;启示;给人以灵感的人/物;灵感→inspirev.鼓舞;激励→inspiredadj.备受鼓舞的→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的11.replacementn.替换的人(物)→replacevt.代替;取代;把……放回原处12.sharplyadv.严厉地,毫不客气地→sharpadj.锋利的,陡峭的13.energyn.力量,活力,能量;精力→energeticadj.充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的14.crowdn.人群;观众vt.挤满;使拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的15.strengthenvi.&vt.(使)强健→strengthn.力量;力气→strongadj.强的;强壮的16.particularn.尤其,特别adj.特定的;挑剔的→particularlyadv.特别地,特定地17.benefitn.好处;利益vt.&vi.有益于;有助于;受益→beneficialadj.有益的18.equipmentn.设备,装备→equipvt.配备;装备19.relievev.解除,减轻,缓和→reliefn.减轻,缓解20.achievableadj.可完成的;做得成的→achievevt.取得;获得;完成→achievementn.成就;成绩21.satisfactionn.满意,满足→satisfyvt.使满意,使满足→satisfiedadj.感到满意的→satisfyingadj.令人满意的重点词组1.ratherthan而不是2.ingoodshape健康状况良好3.signup报名4.upto多达5.turnoff关闭6.incase以防万一7.takephotos拍照8.nomorethan不超过,仅仅9.onone’sown靠某人自己10.maketheteam入选球队11.makeit成功12.tryoutforsth争取成为;参加选拔13.crashinto猛撞,猛击14.gatheraround聚集15.beabouttodosth即将做某事16.not...anymore不再……17.noway没门18.letsbdown使某人失望19.payoff取得成功;奏效20.keepupwith跟上,保持同步21.inparticular尤其,特别22.becapableof有能力做23.feeldown情绪低落24.cheerup(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来25.befedupwith厌烦的,不满的,无法再忍受的26.makesure确保27.dueto由于28.benewto……的新手29.warmup热身知识精讲知识精讲1ratherthan而不是(教材P28)Iprefertoplaybasketballratherthanplayfootball.我更喜欢打篮球而不愿踢足球。IthinkI'llhaveacolddrinkratherthancoffee.我想要冷饮,不要咖啡。[归纳拓展](1)常用句型(2)ratherthan连接两个名词或代词作主语时,谓语动词应与ratherthan前面的词在人称和数上保持一致。2balancedadj.均衡的;平衡的(教材P28)haveahealthyandbalanceddiet有一个健康均衡的饮食Theprogrammepresentedabalancedviewofthetwosidesoftheconflict.节目公平地反映了冲突双方的情况。[归纳拓展](1)balanceddiet 均衡饮食(2)balancen. 平衡;天平vt. 权衡;(使)平衡keepone'sbalance 保持平衡loseone'sbalance 失去平衡onbalance 总的来说balance...against... 比较两个相对事物,权衡重要性balancewith/and 同等重视3tryoutforsth.争取成为;参加选拔(团队的一员)(教材P30)Paulhadtotryoutmanytimesjustformakingtheteam.保罗多次参加选拔,方才入选球队。Whydon'tyoutryoutforthebasketballteam?Youhavenothingtolose.你为什么不去参加篮球队的选拔,反正你也不会有什么损失。[归纳拓展]tryout 试用,试验tryfor 试图获得或赢得某物trysth.on 试穿衣物tryone'sbest 尽力tryone'sluck 碰碰运气4replacementn.替换的人(物)(教材P30)Hewasstillusuallyonthebench,beingjustareplacement,...他仍旧通常“坐板凳”作为替补队员……Itishardtofindareplacementforourassistant.找到一个人来代替我们的助手很难。[归纳拓展](1)replacevt. 取代;替换replaceAby/withB 用B替代A(2)表示“替代”的短语还有:inplaceof=inone'splacetaketheplaceof=takeone'splacesubstituteAforB 把B替换成A5desiren.愿望,欲望,渴望v.渴望,期望(教材P30)EveryoneknewPaulhadrealskills,andwassomeonewhoworkedreallyhardandhadastrongdesiretoplayfortheteam.每个人都知道保罗有真正的技术,他是一个非常努力的人,并且很渴望为球队效力。Ihadastrongdesiretohelpandcareforpeople.我有强烈的帮助和关心别人的愿望。[归纳拓展](1)adesireforsth. 渴望得到某物haveadesiretodo/that... 有……的欲望/愿望(2)desiretodosth. 渴望做某事desiresb.todosth. 想让某人做某事desirethatsb.(should)+动词原形 希望/要求某人做……6letsb.down使失望,辜负(别人的信任或期望)(教材P31)Iwon'tletyoudown!我不会让你失望的!Onlybyadequatelyrelaxingafterworkcanyounotletyouselfdown.只有工作之余充分放松、享受,才能更对得起自己。[归纳拓展]letalone 更不用说letdown 放下,降低,使失望letgo(of) 放开,松手letoff 宽恕,免除letout 放掉,发出letin 让……进入letup 放松(努力);松劲7payoff取得成功;奏效;还清(债务);有回报(教材P31)Andclearly,alltheextrahoursthathe'dspentpractisingalonepaidoff.显然,他所有独自练习的额外时间都得到了回报。Hiseffortspaidoffwhenthegirlacceptedhisproposal.他的努力没有白费,女孩接受了他的求婚。[归纳拓展]paysth.off 全部偿还;还清(债务)paysb.off 付清某人工资并解雇payfor... 为……交款,为……付出代价paysb.forsth.=paysth.tosb.forsth. 付钱给某人作为……的费用paysth./sb.back 偿还;还债payup 付清全部欠款8keepupwith跟上,保持同步(教材P31)Theotherteamjustcouldn'tkeepupwithhisenergyandspeed.另一个球队无法跟上他的精力和速度。Mysecretaryworkssofastthatnooneintheofficecankeepupwithher.我的秘书工作非常快,办公室里没有人能赶上她。[归纳拓展]keepatsth. 坚持做某事keepsb.fromdoingsth. 阻止某人做某事keepback 忍住;隐瞒;抑制keepoff 避开,防止,挡住keepoutof 使不进入……keepup 保持,继续9crowdn.人群;群众(教材P31)Hemadeshotaftershot,andthecrowdcouldn'tstopclappingandcheering.他投了一个又一个的球,观众们不停地鼓掌欢呼。Acrowdhadalreadycollectedoutsidetheembassygate.大使馆的大门外已经聚集了一群人。[归纳拓展](1)acrowdof 一群,一伙(2)crowdv. 挤满;涌入crowdin 挤进crowdout 挤出;推开(3)crowdedadj. 拥挤的becrowdedwith 挤满了……10动名词作主语(教材P30)Paulknewthatbeingshorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadtopractisemore.保罗知道自己比其他球员矮意味着他必须多练习。句式分析:本句that引导宾语从句,在宾语从句中beingshorterthanotherplayers作主语。Itisnousetellinghimnottoworry.告诉他不要担心是没有用的。[归纳拓展](1)动名词直接位于句首作主语。(2)用it作形式主语,把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。动名词作主语时,不太常用it作形式主语,多见于某些形容词及名词之后。常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有:better,wonderful,enjoyable,interesting,foolish,difficult,useless,senseless,worthwhile等。11否定前置(教材P31)Idon'tthinkIcanplayanymore,coach...我认为我不能再打球了,教练……句式分析:本句中Idon'tthink是否定前置,是指如果带有否定的宾语从句,宾语从句中的否定词通常提前,用来否定主句的谓语动词。Idon'tthinkIknowyou.我想我并不认识你。[归纳拓展](1)当主句谓语动词是think,believe,feel,guess,expect,suppose,imagine等表示“观点、信念、推测、臆测”等心理活动时,常常使用这种结构。(2)这种结构的反义疑问句主语和谓语动词必须与宾语从句中的主语和谓语动词保持一致。[名师点津](1)当主语为第一人称I,we时,通常反问的是从句;而当主语不是第一人称时,则反问主句。(2)若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能前移。12remindvt.使(某人)想起,提醒(教材P102)Audiencesareremindedtoturnoffthephonesorputthemonsilence.观众被提醒关掉手机或让他们保持静音。I'msorry,I'veforgottenyourname.Canyouremindme?对不起,我忘了你的名字。提醒我一下好吗?[归纳拓展]remindsb. 提醒某人remindsb.todosth. 提醒某人做……remindsb.ofsb./sth. 使某人想起……remindsb.that... 提醒某人……13.occupyvt.占有;居住;占用,占去(时间)(教材P103)Iknowyou'vehadlotstooccupyyourtime,soyouprobablydidn'thavetimetowatchthefootballmatchbetweenManchesterUnitedandLiverpooltonight.我知道你有很多事情要做,所以你可能没有时间看今晚曼联和利物浦的比赛。Problemsatworkcontinuedtooccupyhismindforsometime.工作上的问题继续在他的脑海中萦绕了一段时间。[归纳拓展](1)beoccupied (房间、座位、床位等)被占用;被占有beoccupiedindoingsth. 忙于做某事occupyoneselfwithsth./indoingsth. 忙于做某事beoccupiedwithsth. 从事;人忙于某事(2)occupationn. 工作;职业;占据14amazinglyadv.惊人地,了不起地(教材P103)Theteamreallycametogethertonightandplayedamazingly.今晚球队真的团结在一起,打得很精彩。He'samazinglycheerfulconsideringallhe'shadtogothrough.考虑到他所经历的一切,他的乐观是令人惊叹的。[归纳拓展](1)amazedadj. 感到惊讶的;惊人的beamazedat/by 对……感到惊讶,被……吓一跳beamazedtodo 做……感到很惊讶beamazedthat 惊讶……(2)amazingadj. 令人惊讶的(3)amazementn. 吃惊,惊异toone'samazement 令某人吃惊的是15.cheerup(使)高兴起来,(使)振作起来(教材P36)tocheeroneup使某人高兴起来Cheerup!Yourtroubleswillsoonbeover.振作起来吧!你的困难不久就会过去的。[归纳拓展](1)cheersb.on 以喝彩声鼓励;为某人加油(2)cheeringadj. 令某人高兴的cheerfuladj. 快乐的,高兴的cheerfullyadv. 欢快地;愉悦地16.befedupwith厌烦的,不满的,无法再忍受的(教材P36)I'mabitfedupwithgettingsickallthetime.我一直有点厌烦生病。I'mfedupwithyourmoneyandyourwholecondescendingattitude.我讨厌你的钱,也受够了你居高临下的态度。[归纳拓展]fedup 不愉快;厌烦feed...on/with... 用……喂养……feedon... 以……为主食;以……当饲料feedup... 给……吃营养食物;养肥;使吃饱feed...to... 把……喂给……;灌输17.benefitn.好处,益处vi.有益于,益于(教材P37)Aspeopleoftensay,anyexerciseisbetterthannone,butlong­distancerunninginparticularhasalotofbenefits.正如人们常说的,任何运动都比不运动好,但长跑尤其有很多好处。Hecouldn'tseethebenefitofarguinganylonger.他看不出再争论下去有什么好处。[归纳拓展](1)beofbenefit(to...) (对……)有益的forthebenefitof... 为了……的利益(2)benefitfrom... 从……中受益(3)beneficialadj. 有益的bebeneficial(to...) (对……)有益的18.equipmentn.设备,装备(教材P37)Itisagreatsportforbeginners—youdonotneedagymmembershiporanyspecialequipment.对于初学者来说,这是一项伟大的运动——你不需要健身房的会员卡或任何特殊的器材。Thesepeopledonothavetheequipmentorthemanpowertocutdownthetrees.这些人没有设备或者人手砍伐这些树。[归纳拓展]equipvt. 装备,配备equipsb./sth.todosth. 使某人/某物具备条件做某事equipsb./sth.withsth. 用某物装备某人/某物equipfor... 为……做准备beequippedwith 配备有……(表示状态)[名师点津]equipment是不可数名词,没有复数形式,表示数量时,用piece修饰,apieceofequipment表示“一件设备”。19reliefn.减轻,缓解(教材P37)Evenathirty­minuterunwillproviderelieffromachesortensionthatyoumaybesufferingduetostress.即使是三十分钟的跑步也能缓解你因压力而产生的任何疼痛或紧张。Thedruggivessomerelieffrompain.这种药可以减轻一些痛苦。[归纳拓展](1)toone'srelief 使某人放心的是givesb.relieffrompain 使某人减轻痛苦forthereliefof... 为了救济……breatheasighofrelief 舒了一口气sighwithrelief 叹气;叹息(2)relievesb.of... 解除某人的负担(痛苦)20.makesure确保(教材P38)Makesureyouarerunningtherightamountthatyourheart,musclesandbonescantakewithoutgettinghurt.确保你跑的量正好合适,你的心脏、肌肉和骨骼能够承受而不受伤害。Fathermakessurethatallthelightsareoffbeforehegoestobed.父亲在确认所有的灯都关了以后才去睡觉。[归纳拓展](1)makesureof/about... 弄清楚;查明makesurethat... 确信;务必(2)besureof/about/that... (主语)有把握,确信besuretodosth. (主语)一定会做某事[名师点津]makesure后一般不接不定式。另外,以上结构中的sure一般都可与certain互换,可以说Itiscertainthat...,但不可以说Itissurethat...。可以说besuretodo而不用becertaintodo。21satisfactionn.满意,满足(教材P38)Nothinggivesonemoresatisfactionthanrealisingthatallthesweatandhardworkwereworthitintheend.没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和辛勤工作最终是值得的更令人满意。Hewasenjoyingallthesatisfactionsofbeingaparent.他享受着为人父母的一切乐趣。[归纳拓展](1)toone'ssatisfaction 令某人满意的是find/feelsatisfactionin/at... 对……感到满意takesatisfactionin... 对……感到满足;乐于……withsatisfaction 满意地befarfromsatisfaction 令人很不满意(2)satisfyvt. 使满意;使高兴satisfiedadj. 满足的;满意的satisfyingadj. 令人满意的besatisfiedwith 对……感到满意22虚拟语气(教材P36)MyfriendsuggestedIshouldtrylong­distancerunning.我朋友建议我应该试一下长跑。句型分析:本句中shouldtry是虚拟语气,suggest后面跟从句,从句谓语用shoulddo形式,should可以省略。Wesuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputofftillnextweek.我们建议把会议推迟到下星期。[归纳拓展]在表示“坚持”“命令”“建议”“要求”等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词可归纳为“一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order,command)、三个建议(advise,suggest,propose)、四个要求(demand,require,request,ask)”,这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形”构成,其中的should通常可以省略。[名师点津](1)动词insist后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是:若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气;若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生,或已经成为事实,则要用陈述语气。(2)动词suggest后接宾语从句时,除可用虚拟语气外,也可用陈述语气,两者的区别是:若谓语动词所表示的情况尚未发生,或尚未成为事实,则用虚拟语气,此时suggest通常译为“建议”;若谓语动词所表示的情况为既成事实,则要用陈述语气,此时的suggest通常译为“表明”“认为”。23nevertoo...表示肯定(教材P39)It'snevertoolatetostartgettingintorunningandexercising...开始跑步和锻炼永远不会太迟……句式分析:句中的nevertoolateto...表示“永远不会太迟”,too前有否定词never或not(即never/nottoo...to...),或者不定式前有not(即too...nottodo...)时,这两种形式均表示肯定意义。Wecannotadmirehiscouragetoomuch.他的勇气我们怎么赞美也不过分。[归纳拓展](1)某些形容词与“too...to...”句型连用时,too(=very)表示肯定的意义。这些形容词多为表示情感的词,如glad,pleased,surprised,delighted,happy,easy,willing,ready,eager,anxious等。(2)too...to...结构和never或not连用时,表示肯定意义。意为“无论……也不过分;越……越好”。语法语法精讲定义从句一关系代词的用法[观察例句]1.Whenweweren'tplayingonthecourtwhichwasnexttoourbuilding,wewerewatchingagameonTV.2.Paul'sfavouriteplayerwasTyroneBogues,aguywhoplayedfortheCharlotteHornets...3.Pauldidn'tknowhe'dsoongetthechancethathe'dbeenwaitingfor.4.Thisweek,TheLionswereplayingourmaincompetitors,TheBears,ateamwhoserecordthisseasonhadbeenperfect.[归纳用法]关系代词指代在从句中充当的成分人物句子主语宾语表语定语who√√√whom√√that√√√√√which√√√√√whose√√√as√√√√√√1.that和which的用法which指物,that既可指人也可指物;它们在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,which和that在从句中作宾语时可以省略。Whenthetimecametomakethefinaldecisionforacourse,Idecidedtoapplyfortheonethatreflectedmyinterest.当到了最后决定课程的时候,我决定申请能反映我兴趣的课程。Thedishes(that/which)IcookedwereMom'sfavorite.我做的菜是妈妈最喜欢的。Theman(that)wehavejustseenisafamouswriter.我们刚刚看到的那个人是一位著名的作家。Shanghaiisnolongerthecitythatitusedtobe.上海不再是过去的那座城市了。[名师点津]只用that而不用which的情况先行词是all,little,few,none,anything,something,everything,nothing等词时当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被形容词最高级、序数词等修饰时当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,theright等修饰时当先行词既有人又有物时只用which而不用that的情况关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用thatGuilinisthemostbeautifulcitythatIhaveevervisited.桂林是我参观过的最美丽的城市。Heistheverypersonthattheyarelookingfor.他正是他们在找的那个人。Theytalkedaboutthethingsandpersonsthattheycouldrememberintheschool.他们谈论着他们能记起的在学校的那些事和人。Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。2.who和whom的用法who和whom指人,who在从句中可作主语和宾语,whom在从句中作宾语。Heistheman(who/whom)Isawyesterday.他就是我昨天见到的那个人。Happinessandsuccessoftencometothosewhoaregoodatrecognizingtheirownstrengths.快乐和成功经常会眷顾那些善于欣赏自己优点的人。3.whose的用法whose既可指人也可指物,在从句中修饰名词作定语。“whose+名词”可以转化为“the+名词+ofwhich/whom”和“ofwhich/whom+the+名词”的形式。Ilivenextdoortoacouplewhosechildren(=thechildrenofwhom)oftenmakealotofnoise.我隔壁住着一对夫妻,他们的孩子经常制造很多噪音。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecover(=thecoverofwhich)isgreen.请递给我那本绿色封面的书。4.as的用法as引导限制性定语从句仅限于先行词前面有such,thesame等修饰时,as既可指人又可指物,在定语从句中充当主语、宾语等。Sheissuchanicegirlaswealllike.她是一个我们大家都喜欢的好女孩。Iboughtthesamedictionaryasyouborrowed.我买了一本和你借的一样的词典。(同一类的两本词典)ImetthesamepersonthatIsawyesterday.我遇见了昨天我看到的那个人。(同一个人)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Thisisthebookcoverisblue.2.Thewomanwetalkedaboutismysister.3.Hetoldeverythinghehadseeninthetrafficaccident.4.ThiswasthebestmodeloftheTVsetthefactoryproducedlastyear.5.Idon'tlikethegirlyouaretalkingabout.6.Thisisthehousewehavejustpainted.7.Therulersaremadeofplasticareusuallycolorful.8.Heisthestudentmotherisaveryfamoussinger.9.JustthenIcaughtsightofaviolinwashangingonthewall.10.Withhimwasayoungfellowappearancetoldofmanydaysinhiding.1.whose2.who/whom/不填/that3.that/不填4.that/不填5.who/whom/不填/that6.that/which/不填7.that/which8.whose9.which/that10.whoseⅡ.短文语法填空Thebooksonthedesks,1.coversareshiny,areprizesforus.Thebooksarewellwrittenandwellprinted.Therearefew,2.any,mistakesinit.Thisisthebook3.Ihavereaddozensoftimes.Whenyoureadthebook,you'dbettermakeamark4.youhaveanyquestions.FromthisexperienceIhavelearned5.questioningcanserveasabridge6.helpsustoseekthetruth.Thebookhashelpedmegreatlyinmydailycommunication,especiallyatwork7.agoodimpressionisamust.Iamlookingforwardtotheday8.mydaughtercanreadthisbookandknowmyfeelingsforher.IborrowedthebookSherlockHolmesfromthelibrarylastweek,9.myclassmaterecommendedtome.Buthehasneverread10..1.whose2.if3.that4.where5.that6.that/which7.where8.when9.which10.it不定代词的用法[观察例句]1.Aspeopleoftensay,anyexerciseisbetterthannone,...2....youdonotneedagymmembershiporanyspecialequipment.3.Ihavenoideaaboutit.4.TheymeethereeveryFridaymorning.[归纳用法]一、常见不定代词可数/不可数不定代词代替可数名词one,each,many,another,either,neither,(a)few代替不可数名词much,(a)little代替可数/不可数名词none,any,other,all,some,both复合不定代词anyone,anybody,anything;someone,somebody,something;everyone,everybody,everything;nobody,nothingNoteverythinghesaidisright.他说的不都对。—Someoneiswaitingforyouatthegate.——有人在门口等你。—ButIdon'tknowanyonehere.——但是我在这儿谁也不认识。二、难点突破几组常见不定代词的区别:1.many,much,few,afew,little,alittle区别意义许多有点/些(表示肯定)几乎没有(表示否定)可数manyafewfew不可数muchalittlelittleManyofthehighschoolstudentsarestudyinghardtoenterPekingUniversity,butonlyafewofthemwereluckyenough.许多高中生努力学习想进北大,但只有几个人幸运。(many修饰可数名词,表示“许多”,而afew也修饰可数名词,表示“几个”。)LivinginShanghaiforafewyears,yethehasmadefewfriendsthere.虽然在上海生活了几年了,但是他没交到几个朋友。(afew与few都修饰可数名词,但是前者表示肯定,而后者表示否定)Thereislittletimeleft,butwestillhavemuchtodo.几乎没时间了,但是我们还有好多工作要做。(little修饰不可数名词,表示否定;much修饰不可数名词,意为“许多”)Thereisonlyalittleoilleftbutwestillhavemanymilestotraveltogetthere.只剩一点油了,但是要到那儿我们还有数英里的路要走。(alittle修饰不可数名词,表示“一点儿”;many修饰可数名词,意为“许多”)单句语法填空①Shedoesn'thavetimetotalkaboutthat.②Sheeatsmeattokeepfit.③Therearemistakesinhiscomposition.1.much2.little3.afew2.another,other,theother,others,theothers不定代词词义用法another另一个,又一个用于三者或三者以上中的另一个,后接可数名词单数other其他的,另外的后接复数名词或不可数名词theother两者中的另一个常与one连用,构成one...theother...一个……另一个……others泛指别的人或物是other的复数形式,不能作定语,常构成some...others...theothers特指其余的人或物是theother的复数形式,常构成some...theothers...Heisnotfreethisweekend.Canwemakeitanotherday?他本周末没空,咱们能改天吗?(another指三者或三者以上当中某一个)Hehastwotwinsons.Oneisalawyerwhiletheotherisadoctor.他有一对双胞胎儿子,一个是律师,一个是医生。(theother指两者中另外一个)Someboysareplantingtreesandothersarewateringthem.有些男孩在栽树,剩下的人在给树浇水。(others泛指剩下的人或者物)Someoftheboysinourclassarestandingandtheothersaresittingroundthem.我们班几个男孩站着,其他人都围着他们坐着。(theothers特指一个整体中除去一个或者一些之外剩下的人或物)注意:therest也表示“剩下的,余下的”,可以用于“therestof+名词”结构,也可以单独使用;作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于它所修饰的名词。Somestudentsareontheplayground,andtherestarestayingintheclassroom.一些学生在操场上,剩下的待在教室里。(therest指代theotherstudents,谓语动词用复数)Idrankonlyalittleofthewater.Therestwasdrunkbyhim.我只喝了一点儿水,剩下的被他喝了。(therest指代不可数名词therestwater,谓语动词用单数)单句语法填空①Ihavetwoears.Oneisontheright,andtheisontheleft.②Thereare20studentsintheclassroom.Somelikedancing,somelikesinging,andlikesports.③Whyrun?Therewillbeoneintwoorthreeminutes.1.other2.others3.another3.all,none,both,neither,either,each,every不定代词词义用法all全部(三者或三者以上)指代或修饰可数名词或不可数名词均可;可以带of短语none一个/点都没有(三者或三者以上)指人指物均可;可接of短语;否定词both两个都指代或修饰可数名词或不可数名词均可;可以带of短语neither两者都不指人指物均可;可接of短语;否定词either任意一个(两者之间)指人指物均可;可接of短语each每一个(两者或两者以上)指代或修饰可数名词;可以带of短语every每一个(三者或三者以上)修饰可数名词;不可单独使用,不可接of短语Idon'tlikeallofthesubjects.所有的科目我不都喜欢。(all表示三者或者三者以上都)Ilikenoneofthesubjects.这些科目我都不喜欢。(none表示三者或者三者以上都不)Neitherofthetwoplanssoundsreasonable.这两个计划听起来都不合理。(neither表示两者都不)Bothoftheplanssoundreasonable.这两个计划听起来都合情合理。(both表示两者都)Eitherofthetwoplanssoundsreasonable.这两个计划听起来都合情合理。(either表示两者中任何一个)EachofhersongaveherpresentsforMother'sday.两个儿子每人都给了她母亲节礼物。(each表示两者或者两者以上当中的每一个,可以接of短语,也可以单独使用)Everystudentcandevelophealthilynow.现在每个学生都能健康发展了。(every表示三者或者三者以上当中的每一个,不可接of短语,不可以单独使用)单句语法填空①flowersinhisgardenarenotred.②Thereweretreesandflowersonsideofthestreet.③Look!ofhishandsarecoveredwithmuddy.Whatanaughtyboy!1.All2.either3.Both4.it,one,theone,ones,theones,that,those不定代词用法it代替前面出现的可数名词单数,前面提到的某件事情、某种情况、某个动作以避免重复,也可以代替动词不定式短语、名词短语等one用来代替前面提到的可数名词单数或a/an+adj.+可数名词单数,为泛指,指“同类当中的某一个”theone用来代替前面提到的可数名词单数,为特指ones用来代替前面提到的可数名词复数,为泛指theones用来代替前面提到的可数名词复数,为特指,相当于thosethat代替前面提到的“the+不可数名词”,也可代替前面提到的“the+可数名词单数”those代替前面出现的可数名词复数,避免重复,且表示特指,后有定语修饰,可与theones通用—Ilostmypenyesterday.Haveyouseenit?—Lookattheoneoverthere.——我昨天丢了钢笔,你看见了吗?(it指代我昨天丢的钢笔,为同名同物)——看看那边那支。(theone特指那边那支钢笔)Iwanttoownahouse,onethatisnotbigbutveryconvenient.我想拥有一座房子,不大但很方便的房子。(one指代ahouse,为同名异物,泛指同类当中的某一个)Idonotlikescientificbooks.Ilikestoryones.我不喜欢科幻书,我喜欢故事书。(ones指代books,为泛指)TheweatherinHainaniswarmerthanthatinTianjin.海南的天气比天津的暖和。(that指代不可数名词theweather,后有介词短语inTianjin修饰)Thefilmisnotasinterestingasthat/theonewesawtogetherlastweek.这部电影不如我们上周一块去看的那部有趣。(that/theone指代可数名词thefilm,后有从句wesawtogetherlastweek修饰)Thehousesmadeofstonearegenerallystablerthanthose/theonesmadeofwood.用石头砌的房子通常比用木头做的更稳固。(Thehouses,后有madeofstone修饰,those/theones后有madeofwood修饰为特指)单句语法填空①Doheavyobjectsalwaysfallfasterthanlight?②Thesebooksaremoredifficultthanthewereadjustnow.③Thereisonlyonedictionaryleftinthebookstore.Pleasegotobuy.1.ones2.ones3.itⅠ.单句语法填空1.Thesizeofourschoolislargerthanoftheirs.2.IlostmypenlastweeksoIboughtyesterday.3.TheTVsinthisshoparecheaperthaninthatone,soIwanttobuyonehere.4.Therearesomebeautifulflowersonsideofthestreetinthespring.5.Therearetwobooksonthedesk.Youcantakeofthem.6.Iagreewithsomeofwhatyousaid,butnot.7.isimpossibleifyouputyourheartintoit.8.Iphonedmyparentsyesterday,butofthemanswered.9.Ihavetwobooks;isinEnglish,andtheotherisinFrench.10.Thelittleboyfinishedhiscakeandaskedfor.1.that2.one3.those/theones4.either5.either/both6.everything7.Nothing8.neither9.one10.anotherⅡ.短文语法填空Itisuniversallyacknowledged1.weexistinadynamicworldwith2.(vary)difficulties.Whenwearefacedwiththem,3.isimportantthanhopeandself­confidence.Withconfidence,wecanfindthequestionisnothuge4.weimagine.Takemostofusforexample,theentranceexamtocollegeseemstobeahorriblemonster.Accordingly,5.peoplegiveup.Inmyeyes,withconfidence,right6.(assess)ofthedifficulties,aswellasfull7.(prepare),tryandexertyourstrength,andthenwewillovercome8.problemsandchallenges.On9.whole,Ibelieveweyoungstersshouldfacethedifficultiesinrightmanners.Brave10.outandjustdoit.1.that2.various3.nothing4.as5.some6.assessment7.preparation8.all9.the10.it写作园地写作园地记叙文本单元的写作重点是记叙文,描述所发生的事情和经历。常见的形式有:故事、传记、游记、日记、新闻报道等。[基本框架]开头(thebeginning)——交代必要的背景,如:时间、地点、人物等。中间(themiddle)——交代故事情节(事情的主体)。如:事件的发生、发展和前因后果。结尾(theending)——事情的结果、感想、愿望等(theresultorfeeling)。[常用词块]1.在记叙文中常用到的连接词First...Then...Next...Finally;Some...Some...Others;Theboys...Thegirls...;Some...theothers...Therestofus/them...2.时间顺序Earlyinthemorning/Intheearlymorning;Inthemiddleoftheday/Atnoon;Lateintheafternoon/Inthelateafternoon;Far/Deepintothenight;Inthepast/Atpresent/Inthefuture;First,second,next,then,finally;Atfirst,inthebeginning;Atlast,intheend;Shortlyafterwards,atonce,immediately,allofasudden,suddenly,soon;Themoment,assoonas,thefirsttime,notuntil,nexttime,before,after,etc.[常用语句]★精彩开头1.OneSaturday,ourfamilywenttoclimbthebeautifulWestHill.那是一个星期六,我们全家去美丽的西山游玩。2.WehadanunforgetableexperienceintheSpringFestival.在春节我们有着难忘的经历。★正文佳句1.Afteralongwalking,Iwasashungryasawolfandhelpedmyselftotheroastbeefandchicken.长时间的步行之后,我很饿,狼吞虎咽地吃掉了烘烤的牛肉和鸡肉。2.HardlyhadIdonethiswhenIrealizedthatIhaddonesomethingbadtoourenvironment.我刚一这样做,马上意识到自己的所作所为破坏了我们的环境。★余味结尾1.Untillateintothenight,Icouldn'tfallasleep,thinkingaboutthehappinessIhadintheday.夜很深了,我还不能入睡,想着白天的快乐时光。2.Weallhopewecanhavesuchactivitiesfromtimetotime.我们都希望我们偶尔会有这样的活动。例题假设你们班同学骑车到学校附近的公园组织了一次环保活动。请你写一篇短文,描述活动的过程以及发表你对此次活动的看法。要求:1.可以适当增添细节,以使行文连贯;2.词数80左右。Thismorningourclassorganizedanenvironmentalprotectionactivityinthenearbypark.Onarrivingthere,wecollectedtherubbish,suchasthewastepaper,cigaretteends,plasticbagsandsoon.Somestudentssetupseveralboardstoremindthevisitorstotakecareoftheflowersandtrees.Othersgaveaspeechtothevisitorsonthedangerof“whitepollution”andtheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.IthinkitwasawonderfulexperienceIeverhad.练习假设你是李华,在放学回家坐地铁的时候遇到一位带孩子的妇女,你主动给他们让座。请你写一篇短文记叙事情的过程以及你的感受。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。[参考范文]Asusual,Isetoffonmyjourneyhomeat5o'clockintheafternoon.Onthesubwaytrain,Ifoundalady,whobroughtwithheralittlebabyofaboutoneyearold,standingbesidemeandholdingontothegrabpolewithmuchdifficulty.Irosefrommyseatwithnohesitationandgaveawaymyseattoher.Theladysaid“thankyou”tomeseveraltimesinsuccession,whichmademeextremelyproud.WhenIgothome,Ialmostforgotmytireness,becauseIwasdrunkeninthehappiness.分层提分分层提分题组A基础过关练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Janeranhardandcaughtupherfriendsinafewminutes.2.Iusuallygotoschoolfootbecausemyhomeisnear.3.Thecenterofthebushadafewemptyseatswhilebothendswere(crowd)withpeoplestanding.4.Inthefinalsprint,allthestudentslinedthelanetocheertherunners.5.Aswecrossedtheriver,abeautifulvillagewassight.6.Asweallknow,a(balance)dietisgoodforourhealth.7.Readingalotistous,anditsarebeyondwords.(benefit)8.Idon’twanttotakeadvantageherkindnesstoachievemygoal.9.Englishisreferredtoauniversallanguage.10.Theteacherinspireshisstudents(give)theiropinionsactivelyinclass.1.with2.on3.crowded4.on5.in6.balanced7.beneficial,benefits8.of9.as10.togiveⅡ.选词填空tryoutfor,gatheraround,not...anymore,letsbdown,payoff,giveup,inparticular,dueto,incase,makesure1.Finally,wewonthefootballmatchourhardpractice.2.Thegirllikeseatingfruit,oranges.3.Thoughthetaskwasdifficult,wedidn’thalfway.4.Putyourdictionarywhereitisconvenientforyouyouneedsomereference.5.allthechildrenaresafewhentheyarecrossingthestreet.6.Overfiftyboyscametothefootballteam.7.I’msureIwon’tmyparentsbecauseIhavemadefullpreparationsfortheexam.8.Seeingthecoach,wetostartourtraining.9.IpromiseIwillpla

温馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
  • 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
  • 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
  • 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
  • 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

评论

0/150

提交评论