新概念英语第三册Lesson-17语言点

L17课堂笔记Newwordsandexpressions1.suspension[sə'spenʃn]n.悬挂；暂停；（因违规而）停职，停课⑴suspensionbridge吊桥thesuspensionofthepeacetalks和平谈判的终止Anniegota3-daysuspensionforsmokinginschool.⑵suspendsth.fromsth.把某物挂在某物上Alampwassuspendedfromtheceiling.hangfromsth.挂在某物上（主动）Inthecorneroftheroomwasalargelamp,hangingfromtheceiling.暂停，终止Theferryservicehasbeensuspendedforthedaybecauseofbadweather.停职；听课Thepolicemanwassuspendedwhilethecomplaintwasinvestigated.2.situation[sɪtʃu'eɪʃn]n.地点，位置；情况，处境⑴表地点、位置时situation=locationabeautifulsituation/locationoverlookingthevalley可以俯瞰山谷的优美的位置Hisapartmentisinareallygoodsituation/location.⑵情况；处境Shefoundherselfinanembarrassingsituation.⑶Themonasteryissituated/located/sitedinavalley.使位于拓stand/sit/lie站、坐、躺用主动Neartherailwaystationstoodahotel.ThehousesitsontopofahillThetownliesonthecoast.3.immortal[ɪ'mɔ:tl]adj.永生的；流芳百世的Platobelievedthatthesoulisimmortal.柏拉图认为灵魂是永生的。theimmortalShakespeare不朽的莎士比亚反mortaladj.会死的，终有一死的；致命的Allhumanbeingsaremortal.amortalwound形近词immorala.不道德的反moralIt'simmoraltosteal.thedeclineofmoralstandards道德标准的下降4.span[spæn]n.跨度；一段时间Thearchhasaspanof60meters.Iworkedwithhimoveraspanofsixyears.Theprojectmustbecompletedwithinaspecifictimespan.Smallchildrenhaveashortattentionspan.拓lifespann.寿命Menhaveashorterlifespanthanwomen.5.concrete['kɒŋkri:t]n.混凝土modernbuildingsmadeofconcretea.①混凝土制造的aconcretefloor/wall/building②具体的；确凿的concreteevidence/proposals/examples反abstracta.抽象的Beautyitselfisabstract.6.capacity[kə'pæsəti]n.容量，承受量；（人的）能力capacityof……的承受量/容量Thestadiumhasaseatingcapacityof50,000.这个体育馆能够做下50000人。capacityfor…做某事的能力Hehasagreatcapacityforwork.capacitytodo…（具体的）做某事的能力hercapacitytoreadandwriteabilitytodo…做某事的能力Ourabilitytothinkandspeakmakesusdifferentfromotheranimals.capabilitytodo…做某事的能力=capabilityof…Youhavethecapabilitytodo/ofdoingthisjobwell.powersof……的能力Teachershavetheresponsibilitytodevelopstudents'powersofcriticalthinking（批判性思维）.aptitudefor……的能力（强调先天的）AtanearlyageSusanshowedanaptitudeforlanguages.Notesonthetext1.①knowof/about…=hearof/about…=learnof/about…大概了解…；听说过…Idon'tknowhimpersonally,thoughIknowof/abouthim.②在正式书面语中，若关系代词做介词宾语，需将介词置于关系代词之前，非正式文体无此限制。（正式）ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedfor10years.（非正式）ThisisthehousewhichIlivedinfor10years.③aboutwhom/whichlittleisknown鲜为人知的造句：Mary和她的丈夫Dimitri住在Perachora，一个鲜为人知的希腊小村庄。MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinPerachora,atinyGreekvillageaboutwhichlittleissb.…给某人取名字WenamedourdaughterSBafterA按照A给B取名字Hewasnamedafterhisfather.3.describe…as(being)…把…描述成为是Themanwasdescribedas(being)tallanddark,andagedabout20.4.agreeableadj.pleasant令人愉快的，怡人的Wespentamostagreeableeveningbytheriver.Hedescribeditas'averyagreeablesituationlocatedwithintwosmallhillsinthemidstofwhichflowedagreatriver.'5.书面语midst:middleinthemidstofthecrowd拓whilst:whileamongst:among6.Inthemidstoftwosmallhillsflowedagreatriver.→Agreatriverflowedinthemidstoftwosmallhills.知识回顾：全部倒装把全部谓语置于主语之前。（1）表示位置或次序的状语置于句首，只要满足两个条件，要用全部倒装。①主语不是代词。②谓语动词不是及物动词。Asubwaystationstandsinfrontofahugeshoppingmall.→Infrontofahugeshoppingmallstandsasubwaystation.造句：这家饭馆的位置非常方便，位于一家大型购物中心的正中央，在购物中心前有一座地铁站。Therestaurantisinaveryconvenientsituation.Itislocatedrightinthecenterofahugeshoppingmall.Asubwaystationstandsinfrontoftheshoppingmall.→Therestaurantisinaveryconvenientsituationlocatedrightinthecenterofahugeshoppingmallinfrontofwhichstandsasubwaystation.7.（2）“绝不”“一点也不”置于句首倒装8.consider…tobe…把…认为是…Weconsiderthis(tobe)veryimportant.Hewasconsidered(tobe)aweakleader.9.willremainimmortal将会流芳百世ThenameofLeiFengwillremainimmortal.Thetragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalwaysberemembered（将永远被人牢记，可指好事或坏事）,forshewentdownonherfirstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.10.joinAtoB把A和B连接在一起Theislandisjoinedtothemainlandbyabridge.=linkAwith/toB=connectAwith/toB这两个不仅可以表物理上的联系，也可以表头脑中的、抽象的联系。11.haveaspanof有…的跨度（形容拱）of可以引出数量值attheageof52anincreaseof3%Theplatformsextendtoadepthofover100feetunderthesea.12.take…intoaccount（做决定/判断时）考虑…情况/因素Ifyoutakeinflationintoaccount,weactuallyspendlessnow.Wemusttakeintoaccounttheboy’slongillness.=takeaccountof…Thesefiguresdonottakeaccountofchangesintherateofinflation.=take…intoconsiderationIalwaystakefuelconsumptionintoconsiderationwhenbuyingacar.Beforewecometoadecision,wemusttakeintoconsiderationalltherelevantfacts.Thecandidates'experiencewillbetakenintoconsideration.13.extendtoadepthof…深达…=godowntoasmuchas…Thedeepestholesofallaremadeforoil,andtheygodowntoasmuchas25,000feet.拓stand…high有…高（L3）Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.risetoaheightof…高达…Abovethesurfaceofthewater,thetowersrisetoaheightofnearly700feet.14.take(sb.)sometime(todosth.)（在某物上）花费（某人）多长时间Thesealone（单单是，光是）took16monthstobuild.Evenifyoutravelinidealweather,seajourneystakealongtime.Ittookmeoverhalfanhourtogetridofhim.15.由…组成（L13）：Eachofthefourcablesconsistsof26,108lengthsofwire.Eachofthefourcablesismadeupof26,108lengthsofwire.Eachofthefourcablesiscomposedof26,108lengthsofwire.Eachofthefourcablescomprises26,108lengthsofwire.16.alengthofropeetc一根；一截；一段asumofmoney一笔钱abarofchocolate一块巧克力asliceofbutter一片黄油aloafofbread一个面包atubeoftoothpaste一管牙膏abunchofgrapes/bananas一串aflash/boltoflightning一道闪电agustofwind一阵风apaneofglass一块窗玻璃abouquetofflowers一束鲜花17.itisestimatedthat…据估计itissaidthat…据说itisbelievedthat…认为itisreportedthat…据报道18.虚拟语气先回顾：L12wish型、L15shoulddo型再观察：观察一：Itissaidthatifanyonetouchesthetree,hewillhavebadluck;ifhepicksaleaf,hewilldie.观察二：Ithasbeensaidthateveryonelivesbysellingsomething.“if”型的虚拟语气eq\o\ac(○,1)与现在事实相反。If+S.+did/were,S.+would/should/could/might+doIfyoulivedintheMediterranean,forinstance,youwouldconsideroctopusagreatdelicacy.Ifshewerealivetodayshewouldnotbeabletoairherviewsonherfavouritetopicofconversation:domesticservants.eq\o\ac(○,2)与过去事实相反If+S.+haddone,S.+would/should/could/might+havedoneIftheyhadonlyhadonemorechild,thefactwouldhavepassedunnoticed.IftheHousesofParliamenthadnotbeenburneddownin1834,thegreatclockwouldneverhavebeenerected.eq\o\ac(○,3)与未来趋势相反If+S.+shoulddo,S.+would/should/could/might+doIf+S.+did/weretodo,S.+would/should/could/might+doIfitshouldraintomorrow,youcouldstayathome.Ifthesunweretoriseinthewest,Iwouldlendyouthemoney.IfyouweretoaskHarrywhatwasinthebottle,hewouldtellyouthatitcontainedperfumedmud.19.挤满了；装满了（可替换）bepackedwith…becrowdedwith…becrammedwith…bethrongedwith…Theislandwaspackedwithtour