新概念英语二册超详讲义笔记Lesson73Therecordholder纪录保持者

Lesson73Therecordholder纪录保持者【Newwordsandexpressions】（9）recordholder 纪录保持者truant n.逃学的孩子unimaginative adj.缺乏想像力的shame n.惭愧，羞耻hitchhike v.搭便车旅行meantime n.其间lorry n.卡车border n.边界evade v.逃避，逃离★recordholder纪录保持者recordn.记录v.录音，录像eg.setuparecord创造纪录=builduparecord=makearecord=createarecordholdarecord保持纪录breakarecord打破纪录=beatarecordsmasharecord大破纪录（smashv.打碎）n.+v.+er构词法tennisplayer★truantn.逃学的孩子，逃学者playtruant逃学（英）playhooky逃学（美）evadeschool逃学truancyn.逃学，旷课的（事）★unimaginativeadj.缺乏想象力的imaginativeadj.有想象力的imaginev.想象，设想eg.imaginedoingsth.想象做某事imaginesth.想象某事imaginethatimaginaryadj.想象中的，不真实的，假想的imaginableadj.可想象的imaginationn.想象力；想象的事物imagen.肖像，形象；比喻（tive一般是形容词的后缀；tion一般是名词的后缀）★shamen.惭愧，羞耻（1）n.[u]惭愧；羞耻putsb.toshame使…感到惭愧；使…黯然失色eg.Herbeautyputhersisterstoshame.她的美让她的姐姐相形见绌。bringshameonsb.使…蒙羞（2）n.[c]遗憾的事，可惜eg.Whatashame!真可耻！=Whatapity!（3）n.[c]耻辱，可耻之事eg.Shameonyou!替你感到可耻！Toone’sshame令人感到可耻的是shamefuladj.可耻的，丢脸的eg.ashamefulconduct可耻的行为shamelessadj.厚颜无耻的，不要脸的eg.ashamelesscheat厚颜无耻的骗子ashamedadj.感到羞愧★hitchhikev.搭便车旅行=takealift搭便车=askforalift=getafreeridegivesb.alift让某人搭便车hitchv.搭便车eg.CanIhitchalifttoParis?我能搭便车去旅行吗？hiken./v.远足，徒步旅行hitchhikern.搭便车的人★meantimen.其间（1）n.其间inthemeantime在此期间，与此同时（2）adv.=meanwhile期间，同时★lorry n.卡车复数：lorries=truckn.卡车（美）★border n.边界(1)n.边界，国界eg.theFrenchSpanishborder法国西班牙边界borderland边疆borderline国境线borderlinecase两可情形boundary界限，分界限limit界限，极限edge边缘margin空白边缘，页边空白outline轮廓，外形(2)n.边，缘，边沿；(衣服的)滚边eg.aborderofflowersroundthelawn草皮四周边缘的花坛Thehandkerchiefhasalaceborder.那条手绢有蕾丝花边。(3)v.和…接壤，（土地）毗邻eg.Frenchborders(on)Germany.borderon几乎是，近似eg.Hissuccessbordersonamiracle.他的成功近似一个奇迹。★evadev.逃避，逃离=avoideg.evadeschool逃学=playtruantevadeansweringaquestion回避一个问题=avoidansweringaquestionevasionn.躲避，逃避escapev.逃走，逃跑，逃离eg.escapefromprison从监狱逃跑=escapeoutofprisonevadev.躲避，闪避，巧妙地躲避avoid指通过一种合理的，正当的手段来避免做某事；evade指通过欺骗的手段来避免做某事。eg.taxavoidance避税taxevasion逃税【Text】Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1,600miles.HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.Fromthere,hehitchhikedtoParisinalorry.Thedrivergavehimafewbiscuitsandacupofcoffeeandlefthimjustoutsidethecity.ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrenchSpanishborder.TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.Hehassurelysetuparecordforthethousandsofchildrenwhodreamofevadingschool.参考译文逃学的孩子们都缺乏想像力。他们通常能够做到的，至多也就是安静地钓上一天鱼，或在电影院里坐上8个小时，一遍遍地看同一部电影。而有那么一个小男孩，他在逃学期间旅行了1,600英里，从而使上述所有逃学的孩子们都相形见绌了。他搭便车到了多佛，天快黑时钻进了一条船，想找个地方睡觉。第二天早上他醒来时，发现船在这段时间已经到了加。当男孩从船里爬出来时，谁也没有发现他。从那里他又搭上卡车到了巴黎。司机给了他几块饼干和一杯咖啡，就把他丢在了城外。男孩截住的下一辆车，没有像他希望的那样把他带到巴黎市中心，而是把他带到了法国和西班牙边界上的佩皮尼昂。他在那儿被一个警察抓住了，之后被当局送回了英国。他无疑为成千上万梦想逃避上学的孩子们创造了一项纪录。【课文讲解】1、Childrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.whoplaytruantfromschool作定语从句修饰childrenplaytruantfromschool=playtruant逃学2、Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.Aquietday’sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain是主语；is是系动词；usuallyasfarastheyget是表语成分。由or连接的句子主语，谓语动词按就近原则，or后面是eighthours,时间、金钱的谓语动词都是isoverandoveragain=againandagain一次又一次，一再地，反复许多次地asfaras+从句最大程度……，到……程度，就……而言eg.asfarastheeyecanreach就视力所能及asfarasIknow就我所知道的asfarasIconcerned就我所相关的3、Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1,600miles.who,whileplayingtruant,travelled1,600miles作定语从句修饰aboywhileplayingtruant当逃学的时候（是个插入式的时间状语，起强调作用）put…toshame使……蒙羞，使……相形见绌4、HehitchhikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.hitchhiketo…搭便车去……Dovern.多佛（英国著名的港口）towardsevening快到晚上时（插入式的时间状语）towardsprep.表时间接近eg.towardstheendofthegame比赛快结束时对于，关于eg.attitudetowardssb.有…的趋势eg.adistincttendencytowardsinflation通货膨胀的趋势很明显wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep中的tofind…是不定式作目的状语somewheretosleep可以睡觉的地方（tosleep是不定式作定语用来修饰somewhere）eg.anythingtodo/drink可以做的事/可以喝的东西（这里todo做定语）5、Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.wakeup自己醒来Calaisn.加来（法国城市）inthemeantime在此期间（插入语）Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.noticev.注意，留意，看到eg.noticesb.注意到某人noticesb.dosth.注意到某人做了某事noticesb.doingsth.注意到某人正在做某事noticethat/wh(引导that从句或特殊疑问词引导的从句)n.注意，注目eg.attractnotice引人注目=drawnoticen.通知，通告eg.Waituntilfurthernotice.等待进一步的通告。n.公告，贴示eg.postanotice张贴一张告示=putupanoticebringsth.toone’snotice使某人看见，注意到noticeboard布告栏creepoff=creepaway爬出来creepinto悄悄混进去，爬进去creepupon悄悄地来到=creepovercreepvi.爬行，匍匐，（像爬行似地）慢慢前进eg.Theoldcarcreptalongthecountryroad.Asnakecreptintothegardenwhileshewaswritingaletter.vi.悄悄地/蹑手蹑脚地走；渐渐产生/出现eg.WecreptupstairssoasnottowakeGrandpa.Henoticedthatagehadcreptonhim.7、Fromthere,hehitchhikedtoParisinalorry.Thedrivergavehimafewbiscuitsandacupofcoffeeandlefthimjustoutsidethecity.outsidethecity在城外outsideprep.eg.Itisoutsidemybusiness不关我的事。8、ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrenchSpanishborder.theboystopped作定语从句修饰thenextcartake…into带到……ashehopeditwould像他所希望的那样（as所引导的是方式状语从句）assb.hoped正如某人所希望的thansb.expected比某人所期待的还……not…but…不是……而是……theFrenchSpanishborder法国与西班牙的边界（边界地带属于哪个地方由第一个国籍确定）9、TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.pickup拾起，拿起eg.pickupacoinintheroad在马路上捡起一枚硬币pickupthetelephone拿起，拿起听筒搭载乘客；驾车去接人eg.ShallIpickyouupatthestation?我去车站接你吧？恢复，使恢复，变好eg.Ibelievethingswillpickupsoon.我相信一切会很快好起来的。sendbackto送回去thelocalauthorities地方当局theschoolauthorities学校当局theauthoritiesconcerned有关当局10、Hehassurelysetuparecordforthethousandsofchildrenwhodreamofevadingschool.whodreamofevadingschool梦想逃学的孩子们（作定语从句修饰children）setuparecordfor…为…创一个记录dreamofdoingsth.…梦想做…【Summarywriting】Aboywhoplayedtruanttravelled1,600miles.HehitchhikedtoDoverwherehesleptinaboat,onlytofindhimselfinCalaisthenextmorning.Alorrydrivergavehimaliftandsomethingtoeat,andtheboygotoffnearParis.Hestoppedanothercarbut,insteadofbeingtakentoParis,hewastakentoPerpignanontheFrenchSpanishborder.Afterbeingpickedupbyapoliceman,hewassenthomebythelocalauthorities.(80words)Aboyplayedtruantfromschoolandtravelled1,600miles.AfterhitchhikingtoDover,hesleptinaboat.ThenextmorninghefoundhimselfinCalais,wherealorrydrivergavehimaliftandsomethingtoeat.OngettingoffnearParis,hestoppedanothercarwhichdidnottakehimtoParisbuttoPerpignanontheFrenchSpanishborder.Therehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsenthomebythelocalauthorities.【Keystructures】简单句、并列句和复合句简单句：只包含一个主谓结构，而句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示。（复习第1课、25课、49课的句型。）并列句：句子包含有两个或两个以上互不依靠的主谓结构，并列句中的分句通常用一个并列连词来连接。复合句：包含有两个或更多的主谓结构，其中有一个（或更多的）主谓结构充当句子的某一成分，如句子充当主语、状语、宾语、表语、定语等。简单句是英语中最小的句子单位，一般有一个限定动词，它有一个主语和一个谓语，但可以用连词and将两个或两个以上的动