定语从句讲解（培训）

TheAttributiveClause定语从句-知识点讲解有关系代词或关系副词引导用来修饰主句中的某一个名词或代词并起定语作用的从句,叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词,从句跟在先行词后面。定语从句的构成方法是：关系代词或副词+陈述句语序,关系代词有:who,whom,whose,which,that,as等;关系副词有when,where,why等。关系代词有双重功能,一方面代表前面所修饰的先行词,把从句与先行词连接起来;另一方面引导出从句并在从句中充当某种句子成分。1.Thenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.2.Itsoundedlikeatrainwhich/thatwasgoingundermyhouse.关系代词之物时只用which不用that的情况(1)关系代词在从句中作介词宾语并且介词提前至关系代词前时只用which,但当介词在从句句尾时,两者皆可。

Thisisthequestion

aboutwhich

we’vehadsomuchdiscussion.=Thisisthequestionwhich/thatwe’vehadsomuchdiscussionabout.(2)在非限定性定语从句中指物必须用which不能用that。

Thisisthebookwhich/thatI’mlookingfor.Theyhaveinvitedmetovisittheircountry,whichisverykindofthem.当关系代词作lookafter,lookfor等不能拆开使用的及物动词性短语的宾语时,介词不可以提前。1.关系副词where之地点,在从句中作地点状语。

Thisisthehousewherehelived.2.关系副词when指时间,在从句中作时间状语。

I’llneverforgetthedayswhenweplayedtogether.关系副词3.关系副词why指原因,在从句中作原因状语。

Heexplainedthereasonwhyhewaslate.注意:关系副词有时可用介词+which来 代替。如上句中where=inwhich; when=onwhich;why=forwhichRewritethesentenceusingtheattributiveclause:1.Iremembertheday.“TheBeatles”playedtheirfirsthitonthatday.Irememberthedaywhen“TheBeatles”playedtheirfirsthit.

2.Theguitarwaslostwhilehewastouring.Georgegavemanyperformanceswithit.

TheguitarwithwhichGeorgegavemanyperformanceswaslostwhilehewastouring.3.Themusicianswereverypopular.Theyworkedwiththemusicians.

Themusicianswithwhomtheyworkedwereverypopular.定语从句考点归纳

1.that

与which1.Nothing______canbedonehasbeendone.2.Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?thatthat先行词是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用that1.ThisisthebestTV_____ismadeinChina.2.Thefirstmuseum_____hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that。I’vereadallthebooks_____youlentme.that先行词被any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all,very,only,last修饰时,引导定语从句用that。1.Thefamouswriterandhisworks_____theradiobroadcasthavearousedgreatinterestamongthestudents.2.Avictimisaperson,animalorthing_____sufferspain,death,harm,etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用that.thatthat

Who_____youhaveeverseencandoitbetter?who做先行词时，引导定语从句用thatthat1.Herbag,in________sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.2.Thisistheringon________shespent1000dollars.3.XiaoWang,with________Iwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物用which，指人用whom1)看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配Thisisthebook_____whichyouasked.注意：动词短语不能拆开即介词不能提前forTheoldmanwhomIamlookingafterisbetter.２如何判断介词2).看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配

Hereferredmetosomereferencebooks_____whichIamnotveryfamiliar.with3)根据先行词判断,所用的介词与先行词搭配

Thisisourclassroom,_____________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.inthefrontofwhose

引导的定语从句表示所属关系

Theriver_______banksarecoveredwithtreesflowstothesea.whose3Whose

的使用Thereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhoseTheearthisround,___weallknow.___isknowntoall,theearthisround.___isknowntoallthattheearthisround.asAsIt定语从句在句首时只能用as,as具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的4as的使用ThisisthesamebookasIlost.ThisisthesamebookthatIlost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllike.Thisissointerestingabook___wealllike.asas这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。定语从句Thisissuchaninterestingbook____wealllikeit.Thisissointerestingabook____wealllikeit.thatthat这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。结果状语从句Itisveryusefultomasteraforeignlanguage,_____hasbeensaidbefore.which

2___everyonehoped,Maryhaswonthefirstprize.Asas引导定语从句可放在句首，句中，句末，而which引导定语从句不能放在句首.as译为正如，好像,which则没有此义。对比练习１I’llneverforgettheday_________wefirstmetinthepark.２I’llneverforgetthetime__________Ispentwithyou.３I’llneverforgetthetime__________wasspentwithyou.４Thisisthemuseum__________Ivisitedlastyear.whenwhich\thatwhich\thatwhich\that5when,where,why与that,which的区分

Thisisthereason___________

(=forwhich)Ididn’tcomehere.Thereason__________shegavewasnottrue.whywhich/that指时间，地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。6定语从句中的动词的数Heistheonlyoneinhisclasswho____(have)gottheteacher’spraise.Heisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswho_____(have)gottheteacher’spraise.hashave关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词Correctthemistakes1.Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whichcoverlooksterrible.3.Thisistheverypenthatyougaveittomebefore.4.Thereisanoldwoman,thatisholdingastick.———whom———whose\——who5.I’musingthepenwhichheboughtit

yesterday.6.ThemanwhomIspokeisfromCanada.7.July1,1999isthedaywhenwe’llneverforget.∧tothat8.I’mgoingtoworkinthehospitalwhereneedsme.9.Thosethathaven’tbeentotheWestLakewillgatherattheschoolgate.whichwho10.MissChenistheonlyoneofthefewteacherswhogiveuswonderfulEnglishlessonsinourschool.gives11.Taiwan,thatweknow,belongstoChina.12.ThebikebywhichItravelledwashis.ason13.Thisistheplacewherewevisitedmanytimesduringthepasttenyears.14.Theyhavedecidedtostayathome,thatis,Ithink,awisechoice.15.Thedaywillcomewhichthepeopleallovertheworldwillenjoytruefreedom.where→that/which或去掉wherethat→whichwhich→when16.Heisamanofgreatexperience,fromwhowecanlearnmuch.17.Antarctic,whichweknowverylittle,iscoveredwiththickicealltheyearround.18.ItwasameetingwhichimportanceIdidn’trealizeatthattime.which→whosewho→whom which前或little后加about1.GeorgeOrwell__wasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.A.therealnameB.whathisrealnameC.hisrealnameD.whoserealname高考链接D解析:答案D。whose引导定语从句时,只能在从句中作定语,其他各项均构不成定语从句。2.Anyway,thatevening,___I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.whichD解析:答案D。which引导定语从句,在从句I'lltellyoumoreaboutlater中about

的宾语3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_______hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhichA解析:答案A。theway后的定语从句可用inwhich或that引导,也可全省略。4.Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithout___wewouldhavelostourway.A.itB.thatC.thisD.whichD解析:答案D。without+which引导定语从句。5.(NMET2004)TheEnglishplay___mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich解析:答案C。actintheEnglishplay6.(2000上海)RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,___wasveryreasonable.A.WhichpriceB.thepriceofwhichC.itspriceD.thepriceofwhose7.(89上海)Thetwothings___theyfeltveryproudwereJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.A.aboutwhichB.ofwhichC.inwhichD.forwhich8.Sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,__muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,___writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem注意:“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词只能用which和whom,且不能省略。介词主要根据三个方面来选择:一是先行词与介词的搭配;二是定语从句中谓语动词或形容词与介词的搭配;三是根据“介词+关系代词”在从句中的作用及意义。练习用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1.Idisagreewiththefacts______whichyourargumentisbased.2.Thesong,______whichhewasinterested,willneverbeheardagain.3.Thisisthereason______whichheoftencomestoschoollate.4.Iwillneverforgettheway______whichmyteachertaughtme.5.Thisisthehero______whomweareproud.on

in

forinof6.Iwanttofindtheverypen______whichIwrotethatletter.7.Theyarethestudents______whomourteachersarethinkinghighly.8.Itisimportanttochoosegoodfriends______whomyoucanshareyourfeelingsandthoughts.9.Itwillnotbenecessarytonametheperson______whomthecardbelongs.10.Iwouldalwaysliketodobusinesswiththosepeople________whomIcanrely.withof

withtoon/upon单选1.Wouldyoutellmethereason___somanyboysandgirlslikeJayChousomuch?A.whichB.forwhatC.whyD.that2.MrSmithisoneoftheforeignexperts____inChina.A.whoworksB.whoisworkingC.thatareworkingD.thathasbeenworking3.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons___theyrememberedintheirchildhood.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whomC

C

B

4.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything___hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where5.Hewasbornintheyear____theAnti-JanpaneseWarbrokeout.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.duringthat6.MrCrossettwillneverforgetthedays___hespentwithhisfriendsinParis.A.whenB.whichC.duringwhichD.onwhichB

B

B

7.Thesungivesofflightandwarmth,____makesitpossibleforplantstogrow.A.thatB.asC.whatD.which8.Myglasses,___Iwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that9.I,____yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.thatamD

C

B

10.Atthetopofthemountaintherewasahouse,___wecouldseealotofstrangepictures.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.where11.Heisamanofgreatexperience,__muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.fromwhichC.whichD.fromwhom12.Those___notonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.learnedC.thatlearnsD.wholearnD

D

D

13.Theprofessor___daughterteachesyouEnglishisDr.White.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose14.Thisisnotthereason___hegaveforhisleavingwithouttellinganyone.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD.forwhat15.Hestudiesmorethantensubjectsinschool,___helikesEnglishbest.A.inwhichB.atwhichC.ofwhichD.withwhichD

C

A

16.Thiskindofplantiseasytogrowinplaces___itiswarmandrainy.A.whereB.wherethereC.thereD.which17.Thewoman,__wasbrokeninamatch,usedtobeafamousplayer.A.legB.herlegC.legofwhoseD.whoseleg18.Theboy___youtalkedatthemeetingisacollegestudent.A.whoB.withwhomC.whomD.withhimA

B

D

19.Theoldtreeinfrontofmyhouse,___lotsofoldpeopleplaychesseveryday,is500yearsold.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.underwhichD.throughwhich20.InthefilmThePrincessDiaariesthereweremanymoments___theprincesswantedtorunawayfromherlife.A.forwhichB.whichC.whenD.onwhich

C

C

高考真题1.Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantoothers,____,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which2.Anyway,thatevening,___I'lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel'splace.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.which3.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone___theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhom

D

D

D

4.TheEnglishplay___mystudentstookpartattheNewYear'spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhichB.atwhichC.inwhichD.onwhich5.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,___thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich6.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%____aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthat

A

C

A

7.Therearetwobuildings,___standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthemC.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich8.Therearealtogetherelevenbooksontheshelf,___fivearemine.A.onwhichB.inwhicnhC.ofwhichD.fromwhich

C

D一.用适当的介词补充完整下列定语从句。1.Idisagreewiththefacts______whichyourargumentisbased.2.Thesong,______whichhewasinterested,willneverbeheardagain.3.Thisisthereason______whichheoftencomestoschoollate.4.Iwillneverforgettheway______whichmyteachertaughtme.5.Thisisthehero______whomweareproud.6.Iwanttofindtheverypen______whichIwrotethatletter.7.Theyarethestudents______whomourteachersarethinkinghighly.8.Itisimportanttochoosegoodfriends______whomyoucanshareyourfeelingsandthoughts.9.Itwillnotbenecessarytonametheperson______whomthecardbelongs.10.Iwouldalwaysliketodobusinesswiththosepeople________whomIcanrely.2.单选1.Wouldyoutellmethereason___somanyboysandgirlslikeJayChousomuch?A.whichB.forwhatC.whyD.that2.

MrSmithisoneoftheforeignexperts____inChina.A.whoworksB.whoisworkingC.thatareworkingD.thathasbeenworking3.Theytalkedforaboutanhourofthingsandpersons___theyrememberedintheirchildhood.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whom4.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything___hesawatthefront.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where5.Hewasbornintheyear____theAnti-JanpaneseWarbrokeout.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.duringthat6.MrCrossettwillneverforgetthedays___hespentwithhisfriendsinParis.A.whenB.whichC.duringwhichD.onwhich7.Thesungivesofflightandwarmth,____makesipossibleforplantstogrow.A.thatB.asC.whatD.which8.Myglasses,___Iwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that9.I,____yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A.whoisB.whoamC.thatisD.thatam10.Atthetopofthemountaintherewasahouse,___wecouldseealotofstrangepictures.A.whichB.whoseC.thatD.where11.Heisamanofgreatexperience,__muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.fromwhichC.whichD.fromwhom12.Those___notnolyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.A.learnB.learnedC.thatlearnsD.wholearn13.Theprofessor___daughterteachesyouEnglishisDr.White.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose14.Thisisnotthereason___hegaveforhisleavingwithouttellinganyone.A.thatB.whyC.forwhichD.forwhat15.Hestudiesmorethantensubjectsinschool,___helikesEnglishbest.A.inwhichB.atwhichC.ofwhichD.withwhich16.Thiskindofplantiseasytogrowinplaces___itiswarmandrainy.A.whereB.wherethereC.thereD.which17.Thewoman,__wasbrokeninamatch,usedtobeafamousplayer.A.legB.herlegC.legofwhoseD.whoseleg18.Theboy___youtalkedatthemeetingisacollegestudent.A.whoB.withwhomC.whomD.withhim19.Theoldtreeinfrontofmyhouse,___lotsofoldpeopleplaychesseveryday,is500yearsold.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.underwhichD.throughwhich20.InthefilmThePrincessDiaariesthereweremanymoments___theprincesswantedtorunawayfromherlife.A.forwhich