跨文化交际superstition-课件

SuperstitionsinChineseandWesterncultureSuperstitionsinChineseandW1ContentWhatissuperstition?Whydoessuperstitionexist?ChinesesuperstitionWesternsuperstitionNowpeople’sviewofsuperstitionContentWhatissuperstition?2whatissuperstition?Abelief,practice,orriteirrationally(不合时宜的仪式)maintainedbyignoranceofthelawsofnatureorbyfaithinmagicorchance.whatissuperstition?Abelief,3Whydoessuperstitionexist?Everyagepaysattentiontothesuperstitionsaccordingtoacertainsubtlefashion,veryoftenknowingnothingabouttheoriginalresourcesfromwhichtheyderived.Superstitionsremainasoutwardexpressionsofthetensionsandanxiousandanxietiesthatholdswayoverhumanityasitstrugglesdownthecorridoroflifefrombirthtodeath,fullofchangeanduncertainty.人类在从生到死的生命长廊里为充满变数而又无法预知的一生进行挣扎的过程中，始终被紧张和焦虑困扰，而迷信的延承正是人类紧张和焦虑的外在表现。Whydoessuperstitionexist?Ev4我们可以把迷信看作是面对人生的一种慰藉，就好像我们是一个神秘世界的一部分，而这个神秘的世界又充满着不可理喻的规则。Wecanseethesuperstition,therefore,asakindofreassuranceagainstfluctuationasthoughwearepartofanimpenetrablemysterywithincomprehensiblerules.FactorsaffectingpeopleTheinfluenceoffriendsTheinfluenceoffamilyExperienceBooksHearsay(谣言)Traditionreligionetc.我们可以把迷信看作是面对人生的一种慰藉，就好像我们是一个神秘5ChinesesuperstitionsTheeightdiagramsAccordingtolegend,itwascreatedbyFuxi,anancientChinesesage.ItiswrittenintheancientbookZhouYi.ItrepresentstheancientChinese’searliestknowledgeoftheuniverse,whichcontainsasimpledialecticalmaterialistpointofview（辩证唯物主义）.ChinesesuperstitionsTheeight6TheeightdiagramsQian---skyKun---earthZhen---thunderXun---windKan---waterLi---fireGen---mountainTheeightdiagramsQian---sky7FengshuiFengshuiisanancientChinesepracticeofarrangingiteminaroomsothattheyareinbalanceandharmonywiththeirenvironment.FengshuiFengshuiisananci8Lefteyejumpwealth,therighteyejumpdisasterPeopleoftenthinkthatlefteyejumpwillbringthemgoodluck,andintherighteyejumpwillbringbadluck.Lefteyejumpwealth,therigh9StickingchopsticksuprightStickchopsticksintotherice:Donotstickthechopsticksintoyourfoodgenerally,especiallynotintoyourrice,becauseonlyatfunerals,chopsticksarestuckintothericewhichisputontothealtar.(祭坛)StickingchopsticksuprightSti10NumberThewordfor“eight”(ba八)soundssimilartothewordwhichmeans“prosper”or“wealth”(fa发).Thenumber2isagoodnumberinChineseculture.ThereisaChinesesaying:“goodthingscomeinpairs”.Itiscommontousedoublesymbolsinproductbrandnames,suchasdoublehappiness,doublecoinsanddoubleelephants.NumberThewordfor“eight”(ba八11SomeothersuperstitionsFortune-telling&divinationPraytothespiritualbeingSomeothersuperstitions1213&FridayJesuswasbetrayedbyhis13thdisciple(门徒）,andhewashungonaFriday.BritainusedtohangcriminalsonFriday,thusFridaywascalled“thehangingday”.AdamandEveatetheForbiddenfruitonFriday;bothdiedonFriday;andtheirsonCainkilledhisbrotherAbelonFriday.Westernsuperstitions13&FridayWesternsuperstitio13LastsupperThe13superstitionisbasedontheideathatJudas,thebaddisciple,wasthe13thmantositdowntothetableatTheLastSupper.Ithinkamorerationalsuperstitionwouldbetofearbaddisciples.Lastsupper14SpillingSalt-BadLuckSaltisregardedasatokenoffriendshipandtrust.Spillingwasseenasanintentionaloffensetothecelestialpowers.Judasknockedoverthesaltcellar.Onecancounteracttheeffectofspilledsalt,orbadluck,bythrowingalittleovertheleftshoulder.

Putsaltonthedoorstepofanewhouseandnoevilcanenter.SpillingSalt-BadLuck15WalkingunderaLadderInthemiddleages,alearningladderwasthoughttoresemblethegallows(绞刑）andsobywalkingunderneathaladder,youareplayingoutyourownexecution.Howtoavoid?1Crossyourfingersuntilyouseeadog2Lickfingerandmakeacrossonthetoeofshoes,anddon’tlookdownattheshoeuntilthemarkhasdried.WalkingunderaLadderInthem16UmbrellaIt’sbadlucktoopenanumbrellaindoors.Infinitepowerofthesunhavebeenaresultofworship（崇拜）,indoorumbrellaswereconsideredtobeaninsulttothesun,andtheneveryonenthehousewillbringbadluck.Someofthethingsassociatedwiththeumbrella,allwithbadluck,andthereforeshouldnotbeanumbrellaasagiftforWesterners.UmbrellaIt’sbadlucktoopen17BrokenmirrorsTobreakamirrormeans7yearsbadluck.Mirrorshavebeenusedinfortune-telling.Breakingamirroristhedestructionofameansofknowingthewillofgods.BrokenmirrorsTobreakamirro18Rabbits

ThesuperstitionofrabbitsinwesternersoriginatesfromthefamousEnglishwriterLewisCarroll’sbookAlice’sAdventureinWonderland.Rabbitsaremysteriousandswift,especiallygoodatrunning,sothattheycanescapefrommisfortune.Therefore,thewesternersbelievethattherabbitfootcandriveawayevilandbringaboutluck.AlsotheadultstelltheirchildrenthattheEastereggsaresentbytherabbitsonEaster.RabbitsThesuperstitionofra19KnockingonWoodFinally,acommonlyheldsuperstitionisthatoftouchingwoodforluck.Thismeasureismostthatoftentakenifyouthinkyouhavesaidsomethingthatistemptingfate,suchas“mycarhasneve