高中英语必修二学案M2u1grammar3

年级高一学科英语总课时课题M2Unit1Grammar3第___3__课时主备人司倩倩上课时间锁定目标找准方向备注LearningaimsLearnthedifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.自主预学摸清学情预学检查：检查课文预习的情况，根据讲义做的情况进行讲解合作探究携手共进复习基本形式构成：have/has+动词的过去分词（done）被动结构：have/hasbeen+动词的过去分词（done）现在完成时的基本用法：1.表示过去发生的事或刚结束的动作对现在仍有影响或造成的结果。Hehasturnedoffthelight.他已把灯关了。（关灯动作发生在过去，隐含：现在你不必去关灯了。）ThedisappearanceofJustinhasmadeKellyveryunhappy.(Justin在过去失踪，但是Kelly至今仍为他的失踪感到不高兴。)Thepolicehavejustfinishedsearchingthearea.2.表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在（句中用延续性动词）。Hehaslivedheresince1995.自从1995年以来，他一直住在这儿。IhavenotseenJustinsincelastFridaynight.（从上周五晚上到现在一直都没有见过Justin）3.表示过去曾发生过一次或多次的行为，也可以表示一种经历。SomevillagerssaythattheyhaveseenUFOsmanytimes.三．常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有：1．already(多用于肯定)，yet（多用于否定、疑问），never,ever，before,severaltimes,recently,lately,just(而justnow用一般过去时)等2．sofar,uptonow,howlong,for+时间段，since+时间点/时间段加ago/从句(从句用一般过去时),inthepast/last+时间段，bynow,bythistime,thesedays,alltheseyears,。请看如下高考题中完成时态与标志词之间的对应关系：1.Youdon’tneedtodescribeher,Ihavemetherseveraltimes.2.WhoisJerryCopper?Haven’tyoumethimyet?Isawyoushakinghandswithhimatthemeeting.3.Howareyoutoday?Oh,Ihaven’tfeltasillasIdonowforaverylongtime.4.IwonderwhyJennyhasn’twrittentousrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.5.Withtherapidgrowthofpopulation,thecityhasspreadinalldirectionsinthepastfiveyears.6.Yearsagowedidn'tknowthis,butrecentsciencehasshownthatpeoplewhodon’tsleepwellsoongetill.7.Thecountrylifehewasusedtohaschangedsince1992.8.Wehaven’tseenhimsinceheleftNanjing.Wehaven'tseenhimfortwoyears/since2002.9.Mybrotherisanactor.Hehasappearedinseveralfilmssofar.10.I’vemettheoldmansomewherebefore.注意：1.一些非延续性动词，如，arrive,teach,join,lose,fall,e,go,leave,buy等，其现在完成时形式不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：他三年前买了一辆车。Hehasboughtacarforthreeyears.（误）Hehashadacarforthreeyears.（正）Hehasboughtacar.（正）Heboughtacarthreeyearsago.（正）他两年前参了军。Hehasjoinedthearmyfortwoyears.（误）Hehasbeeninthearmyfortwoyears.（正）Hehasjoinedthearmy.（正）Hejoinedthearmytwoyearsago.（正）拓展提升学以致用2.用于until,after,assoonas,if等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，用现在完成时代替将来完成时，强调动作的完成。如：Ican’tpromiseyouanythinguntilIhavespokentothemanager.在和经理商谈之前，我不能向你承诺任何事情。Pleaseturnofftheelectricityafteryouhavefinishedtheexperiment.试验完成之后请关掉电源。3.现在完成时不与具体的过去时间短语及when连用Idon’tknowwhenhehasleft.（误）Hehasleftheretenminutesago.误）4.注意havebeento和have/hasgoneto的区别：have/hasbeento曾经去过某地have/hasgoneto去了某地Jackisonholidaynow.HehasgonetoFrance.(HeisinFrancenoworheisonhiswaytoFrance.)JackisbackinLondonnow.HehasbeentoFrance.(HewasinFrancebutnowhehasreturned.)5．一些特殊句式要用现在完成时态：1）It/Thisisthefirst/secondtimethat…that从句用现在完成时。

ItisthefirsttimethatIhavevisitedthecity.

Itwasthethirdtimethattheboyhadbeenlate.Thisisthefirsttime(that)I'veheardhimsing.这是我第一次听他唱歌

2）Thisisthe…that…结构，that从句要用现在完成时.

ThisisthebestfilmthatI've(ever)seen.。Thisistheonlybookthathehaswritten.3）Itis/has+一段时间+since从句Itis/hasbeen3yearssinceIsawyou.反馈评价体验成功AnswerthequestionsbelowwithaPresentPerfectTensesentence.1.Whatcountrieshaveyoubeento?________________________________________________________2.Whatcitieshaveyoulivedin?____________________________________________________3.Whatstrangefoodshaveyoueaten?________________________________________________________4.Wherehaveyouflown?________________________________________________________5.Whatlanguageshaveyouspoken?________________________________________________________6.Whatsportshaveyouplayed?______________________