2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习层级一感悟价值引领主题二聚焦社会热点情景2人类命运共同体

情景2人类命运共同体Ⅰ.阅读理解A[2022·福州市高三诊断性联考]EradajereOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofourcountry'slong­standingproblems:garbageandpoverty.It'scalledTheChipBagProject.The26­year­oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowyouremptychipbagsintothetrash,donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsfromDoritos,Lay's,andotherfavoritesattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Aftertheycleanthechipbagsinhotsoapywater,theyslicethemopen,laythemflat,andironthemtogether.Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,dependingonwhetherit'ssingle­serveorfamily­size.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasytocarryaround，”OleitatoldTheDetroitNews.Sinceitsstartin2020,TheChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800，000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,ithascreated110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplertoraisemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat'sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabetterlife—andherfellowvolunteers.“Wearecommittedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butalsoenvironmentally，”shesaid.And,ofcourse,there'sthesymbolismofsalvagingbagsthatwouldotherwisebeabandonedinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It'sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalinjusticeandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitatoldwww.hourdetroit.com,“Ithinkit'stimetoshowconnectionsbetweentheseissues.”1．WhatisthepurposeofTheChipBagProject?A．Tomakedonationsforthehomeless.B．Todealwithgarbageandsleepingbags.C．Tostoppollutioncausedbysnacklovers.D．Toprotecttheenvironmentandreducepoverty.2．HowdoesOleitagetmaterialsforsleepingbags?A．Byturningtochipeaters.B．Byproducingchipbags.C．Bypurchasingsnacks.D．Bycooperatingwiththepoor.3．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“salvaging”inthelastparagraph?A．Sewing.B．Designing.C．Emptying.D．Recycling.4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesEradajereOleita?A．Devotedandcreative.B．Determinedandhonest.C．Ambitiousandhumorous.D．Caringandindependent.B[2022·马鞍山市高三质量监测]In2007,theAfricanUnionannouncedanambitiousproject—toplanttheGreatGreenWall(GGW),abandoftreesthatwouldstretchthelengthoftheSahel.TheGGWisanecologicalrestorationprojectdesignedbyAfricanpeopleforAfricanpeople.Heavyrain,droughts,wildfireandlandslideshaveallbecomecommonthroughouttheworld.ButnowhereisquiteliketheSahel.InthishugeAfricanregion,climatechangehasmaterializedinadramaticmanner.Insomecases,thesevereconditionshaveleftpeoplewithnooptionotherthantomigrateelsewheretosurvive.Itwaswithallofthisinmindthattheextraordinary,butheavilydebatedprojectwasfirstputforward.Fourteenyearshavepassedsincetheinitiativeformallykickedoff.Thestatedgoalwastocreatea15­kilometre­wide,8，000­kilometre­longgreenbeltoftreesandotherplantsthat,by2030,wouldspan(跨越)theentirewidthoftheSahel,fromSenegaltoDjibouti.Overall,100millionhectares(公顷)oflandwouldberestoredby2030.Itwasannouncedthatoncecompleted,thewallcouldendupcapturing(俘获)250milliontonesofcarbondioxide,whileitscreationandupkeepcouldcreatetenmillionjobsinruralareas.Comingtothewholeproject,there'sstillalongwaytogo.AccordingtoastatusreportbytheUnitedNationsConventiontoCombatDesertification,aboutfourmillionhectaresofdegradedlandhavebeenrestored.Thismeansthatprogresstowardsthe100millionhectarestargetstandsatjustfourpercent.“Whenwestartedrestoringthesoil,werealizedtheareaatriskwasmuchwiderthanweinitiallythought，”explainsElvisPaulTangem,theAfricanUnion'sGGWcoordinator.“Wehadfewfundstopushtheinitiativeasmuchaswewantedto.Therewasskepticismamonginvestors,whodidn'tunderstandtheproject,butalsoamongtheAfricanstatesthemselves,whichneededtimetofigureoutiftheGGWwasapriority.”5．WhatisthepurposeoftheGGWproject?A．Toimprovethelocalecology.B．Todeveloptheruraleconomy.C．Topredictclimatepatterns.D．Tostrengthenregionalties.6．WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph3showabouttheinitiative?A．Theserviceperiod.B．Thetotalbudget.C．Thetargetgroups.D．Theexpectedbenefits.7．HowdoesElvisPaulTangemfeelabouttheproject?A．Skeptical.B．Worried.C．Confident.D．Satisfied.8．Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthetext?A．Africancountriesshouldstandtogether.B．TheprogressoftheGGWprojectisslow.C．Fightingclimatechangeisourtoppriority.D．Naturaldisastersareworsethanwethought.Ⅱ.七选五[2022·绵阳市第二次诊断性考试]4WaystoBeMoreEnvironmentallyFriendlyDailyOften,wemaynotthinkourlifestyleisthatharmfultonature.__1__.Herearesomeofthetipsthatcanhelpyoulearnhowtobeenvironmentallyfriendlyinyourdailylife.ReevaluateYourCurrentLifestyleBeforeyoucanbeginyourgreenlivinglifestyle,youwillneedtotakeagoodlookatwhatyoucurrentlydoinyourdailylife.__2__.Andtakealookatwaysyoucanintroduceeco­friendlyproductsintoyourroutine.Consider,forexample,yourbathroomandtheproductsyouuseinthisroom.Thisincludestoiletpaper,yourcleaningsupplies,yourmakeup,etc.Foreachroomyouevaluate,createalistofpossiblechangesyoucouldmakewithregardtobeingenvironmentallyfriendly.__3__Oneoftheeasiestwaystohelpwithyourgreenlivingprojectistolimityouruseofplastic.Thisincludesnotpurchasingplasticwaterbottlesandusingareusableone,averyeasychangetomake,aswellaslimitingyourplasticbaguseatthesupermarketbybringinginyourownreusablebags.ReduceProductsFullofChemicalsUnfortunately,chemicalsareinsomanyoftheproductsweuse.Insomecases,wecangetridofthechemicalsthataffectusandtheenvironmentbymakingourownproducts.Therefore,cleansupplieswithasimplemixtureofvinegar,water,lemonjuiceandsomeessentialoilswhichareallnatural.Itwillgiveyouagreatclean!__4__.Youcanlimitthechemicalsthatenteryourworld,too.ConsiderYourCarbonFootprintYoucanloweryourcarbonfootprintbyfocusingonafewenvironmentalchanges.Considerbiking,walking,publictransportationinplaceofyourcarwheneveryoucan.Takeshortershowers,uselesselectricityandsoon.__5__.A．SayNotoPlasticB．BringYourOwnBagsC．GothrougheachroominyourhouseD．Itcanalsoshowthatyou'reenvironmentallyconsciousE.ThethingsinourhousemaybefriendlytotheecosystemF．However,therearewaystomakeitbetterfortheenvironmentG．Thesetricksalsohelpreduceyourbill,awin­winifyouaskmeⅢ.语法填空[2022·合肥市质量检测]Effectivemeasuressuchasbuildingabotanicgardenandafishbreeding(繁殖)station1.________(take)toprotectthebiodiversity(生物多样性)inChina'ssouthwesternBaihetanDamareasofar.Astheworld'ssecond­largesthydropowerproject,theBaihetanDambegangeneratingpoweronJune28,2021.Amongthetopconcernsaboutthedam2.________(be)thebiodiversityinthelocalregion.Butmanylocalresidentsbelievethatworryisunnecessary.Eversinceexpertsandengineersgotdownto3.________(construct)theBaihetanDam,localvillagerslikeLvJichenghavebeensigninguptohelptakecareofawiderangeof4.________(plant).“Thelocalbirdsandfishhavealsobeenwellprotectedthroughouttheentireprocessofdambuilding，”saidLv.ChenYang，alocalofficial,saidalotofworkhadbeendone5.________(preserve)theenvironment,especiallythebiodiversityinthearea.“Webuiltabotanicgarden6.________aimistoprovideahomefortreesmorethan100yearsoldtransplantedfromtheareawhichwillbeflooded，”saidChen.“Wehavealsobuiltafishbreedingstationandestablishedafishcollectionsystemthatmovesfish7.________thelowersideofthedamtotheupperside.”Theworkswillcontinuedowntheroad.Chensaidheandhiscolleagueswouldcarryonscientificresearchworkonecologicalrestoration,includingsoil8.________(improve)onhighandsteepslopes,whichwouldbe9.________(high)significantforthedry­hotvalleyregionsandtheentireJinshaRiverBasinin10.________longrun.情景2人类命运共同体Ⅰ.阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然——保护环境——回收炸薯片袋做睡袋【语篇解读】本文讲述了26岁的EradajereOleita利用回收的炸薯片袋为无家可归人士制作睡袋的事迹。1．答案与解析：D推断。根据第一段中的“shemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofourcountry'slong­standingproblems:garbageandpoverty.It'scalledTheChipBagProject”可以推断出，TheChipBagProject旨在保护环境并减少贫困，故D项正确。2．答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第一段中的“askingafavoroflocalsnacklovers...donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbags”可知，Oleita通过求助爱吃炸薯片的人把空的炸薯片袋捐给他们来获得制作睡袋的原材料，故A项正确。3．答案与解析：D理解词汇。根据画线词后的“thatwouldotherwisebeabandonedinthetrash”可知，如果不这么做这些袋子会被丢入垃圾堆里。因此，画线词的意思应该与“被丢弃”相反，故D项“回收利用”与画线词意义接近。4．答案与解析：A推断。根据文章内容可知，Oleita把炸薯片袋回收制成睡袋，这说明Oleita非常有创造力；再根据第三段中的“Wearecommittedtomakinganimpact”可以看出，Oleita是一个专注的人。故A项正确。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——非洲的绿色长城【语篇解读】大雨、干旱、野火和山体滑坡导致非洲萨赫勒地区生存条件恶劣，为此非洲联盟宣布在2030年之前在该地区建立一个15千米宽、8000千米长的绿化带。5．答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第二段的“TheGGWis...forAfricanpeople”可知，打造绿色长城项目旨在改善非洲当地的生态环境。6．答案与解析：D理解具体信息。通读第三段可知，建成绿色长城后，到2030年总共将有1亿公顷的土地被恢复，将收集2.5亿吨二氧化碳，为农村地区创造1000万个就业机会。由此可知，第三段提及的数据说明了该项计划的预期收益。7．答案与解析：B推断。根据最后一段“ElvisPaulTangem”所说的话“Wehadfew...wasapriority”可知，“ElvisPaulTangem”认为他们没有足够的资金来推动这项计划；投资者中存在怀疑，他们不理解这个项目；非洲国家自己也存在怀疑，他们需要时间来弄清楚GGW是否是优先项目。由此可推知，“ElvisPaulTangem”很担心该计划。8．答案与解析：B推断。通读第四段可知，从整体来看这个项目还有很长的路要走；根据《联合国防治荒漠化公约》的一份现状报告，大约400万公顷的退化土地已经恢复，这意味着，实现1亿公顷目标的进展仅为4%。由此可推知，绿色长城项目的进展比较缓慢。Ⅱ.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——环保——四种日常环保策略【语篇解读】本文介绍了四种日常环保方法。1．答案与解析：F“wemaynotthinkourlifestyleisthatharmfultonature”与F项之间为转折关系，“Herearesome...yourdailylife”承接F项而来。综上可知，F项填在此处能起到承上启下的作用。2．答案与解析：CC项“Gothrougheachroominyourhouse”与下文中的“Consider,forexample,yourbathroom...inthisroom”和“Foreachroomyouevaluate...”相照应，故本空应填C项。3．答案与解析：A空格下面段落中的“limityouruseofplastic”、“notpurchasingplasticwaterbottles”和“limitingyourplasticbaguse”与A项“SayNotoPlas