初中英语知识点总结

最新初中英语知识点总结1see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat（感官动词）+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越怎么样apieceofcake二easy小菜一碟（容易）agreewithsb赞成某人allkindsof各种各样akindof一样allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界alongwith同一道，伴随eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers学生同老师们一起种树Assoonas一怎么样就怎么样asyoucansee你是知道的askfor求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西）eg:askyouformybookasksbforsth向某人什么asksbtodosth询问某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事attheageof在岁时eg：IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteenatthebeginningof的起初；的开始attheendof+地点/+时间最后;尽头;末尾eg:Attheendofthedayatthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetestbe+doing表：1现在进展时2将来时beableto（+v原）二can（+v原）能够eg:SheisabletosingShecansingbeabletodosth能够干什么eg:sheisabletosingbeafraidtodo（ofsth恐惧，害怕eg:I'mafraedtogooutatnightI'mafraidofdogbeallowedtodo被允许做什么eg:I'mallowedtowatchTV我被允许看电视IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV我应该被允许看电视beangrywithsb生某人的气eg:Don'tbeangrywithmebeangrywith（at）sbfordoingsth为什么而生某人的气beas…原级・・・as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一样高beashamedtobeawayfrom远离beawayfrom从离开bebadfor对什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好beborn出生于bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于becareful留神；小心bedifferentfrom和什么不一样3434befamousfor以著名befriendlytosb对某人友好befrom=efromeg：HeisfromBejingHeesfromBejingIshefromBejing?DoesheefromBejing?befullof装满的befilledwith充满eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwaterbeglad+to+do/从句begoingto+v（原）将来时begoodat（+doing）=dowellin在某方面善长，善于begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglishbehappytodo很快乐做某事behelpfultosb对某人有好处eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大声朗读对你有好处Exercisingishelpfultoyourbady锻炼对你的身体有好处beingoodhealth身体安康beintrouble处于困难中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintronblebeinterestedin对某方面感兴趣belatefor=elateto迟至Ueg:Belateforclass上课迟到belike像eg:I'mlikemymotherbemadat生某人的气bemadefrom由制成（制成以后看不见原材料）bemadeof由制成（制成以后还看得见原材料）benotsure表不确定beonavisitto参观bepopularwithsb受某人欢迎bequiet安静beshortfor表**的缩写eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰besickinbed生病在床besorrytodosthbesorryforsbeg:Iamsorryforyoubesorrytohearthatbesorrytotroublesbeg:Iamsorrytotroubleyoubestrictindoingsth严于做某事eg:He'sstrictinobeyingnolesbestrictwithsb对某人要求严格eg:Somestudentsarenotstrictwiththemselves这些学生对自己不严格bestrictwithsbinsth某方面对某人严格besupposedtodo被要求干什么besure表确定besureofdoingsth对做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwellbesureofsth对做某事有信心eg:I'msureofmyhead（myteacher我相信我的大脑（老师）besurethatsth对做某事有信心eg:I'msuerthathecanpassthetest我相信他能通过考试besuretodosth—定会做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我们一定会通过这次考试WearesuretolearnEnglishwell我们一定能学好英语beterrifiedof+名/动doing害怕beterrifiedtodosth害怕做某事bethesameas…和什么一样beusedtodoingsth习惯做某事eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly我爸爸习惯早Heisusedtosleepinginclass他习惯上课睡觉beworthdoing值得做什么be(feel)afraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsth害怕某物beafraidthat丛句because+句子becauseof+短语eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadachebegintodo=starttodo开始做某事start…with…二begin・・・with…以什么开始什么eg:Let'sbeginthegamewiththesongIbegintogohomebetween・・・and…两者之间borrowsthfromsb向借lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借给……什么东西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhimhelentapentome(helentmeapenboth=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同bother打搅bothersbtodostheg:I'msorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation我十分抱歉打搅你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks这个问题困扰了我几个周了He'sbotheringmetolendhimmoneybytheendof到为止callsbstheg:Wecallhimoldwangcare关心eg:Don'tyoucareaboutthiscountry'sfuture?你为什么不关心国家的未来catchupwithsb赶上某人chatwithsb和某人闲谈takesbto+地点带某人去某地ein进eoverto过来eupwith提出eg:Canyoueupwithagoodidea你能想出一个好方法吗?municatewithsb和某人交流consider+doing考虑做什么eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou为什么不考虑去泸州？danceto随着跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic她喜欢随着音乐跳舞decidetodosth决定做某事doasurveyof做某方面的调查dobetterin在方面做得更好dowrong做错Don'tforgettodosth不要忘了做某事Don'tmind+doing/从句/名词不要介意……each+名（单）每一个…eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一个学生都有一些书endup+doingenjoy+doing喜欢escapefrom从逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来expecttodosth期待做某事falldown摔下来falloff从哪摔下来fallinlovewithsb/sth爱上什么farfrom离某地远eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhomefind+it+adj+todo发现做某事怎么样findsb/sth+adj发现什么怎么样eg:Ifindthebookinterestingfinish完成+doing（名词）fittosb=befitforsb适合某人forgettodo没有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了eg:Don'tforgettogohomeIforgetclosingdoorfrom…・to…从某某至U某某eg:Frommeforherget/havesthdown做完，被（别人）做…eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了发（头发被剪了）Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）getapart-timejob=findapart-timejobgetalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb与某人相处得好getalongwithsb=getonwithsb与某人相处getreadyfor=bereadyfor为什么而准备eg:IgetreadyformathIamreadyformathgetsbintotrouble给某人麻烦getsbtodosthget…from…从某处得到某物giveatalk做报告eg:Heisgiveatallgivesthtosbgivesbsth给某人某物gofish钓鱼goswimming游泳goontodo去做下一件事goondoing继续做这件事gooutawayfromgooutofgotoschool上学（用于专业的）gototheschool去学校（不一定是上学）goodwayto好方法hatetodo讨厌没做过的事hatedoing讨厌做过的事haveapartyforsb举办谁的晚会haveatalk听报告谈一谈havebeendoing现在完成进展时eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeensleepingsincehavebeento•••（地方）去过某过地方havegoneto…（地方）去了某地还没回来havefun+doing玩得快乐havesthtodo有什么事要做eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo我有很多家庭作业要做Ihavenothingtodo我没什么事情做havetodosth必须做某事havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth做什么事情有麻烦have…time+doinghave・・・(时间)・・・off放假eg:Ihavemonthoff我请一个月得假hearsb+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事helpalot很大用处helpsbwithsthone'ssth帮助某人某事(某方面)helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事hopetodosth希望做某事Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你对什么的看法if:是否二wethereg:Idon'tknowif(wether)Ishouldgototheparty我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会Hedon'tknowif(wether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达if:如果，假设(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句eg:I'llgotoLuZhouifitdoes'train假设明天不下雨，我就去泸州Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假设他们要改变方案，他们会让我知道的I'llgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear女口果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国inone'sopinion=sbthink某人认为insomeways在某些方面intheend=finally(adv)最后inthenorthof…什么在什么的北方（north北sowth南west西east东）inthesun在太阳下increase增力口eg:They'veincreasedthepreceofpetrolby3%他们把石油价增加了3%thepopulationhasincreasedfrom12milliontenyearsagoto18millionnowinsteadof+（名）代替eg:I'dlikeanappleinsteadofapear我想要苹果，而不要梨子IlikeEnglishinsteadofmath我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学introducesbtosb介绍某人给某人introduceoneself自我介绍invitesbtodosth邀请某人做某事Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某人花掉某人多少时间eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomeworkIttakesmehalfanhourtocookIt's+adj+forsbtodosth对某人来说做某事怎么样It's+adj+todo做某事怎么样It's+adjforsb对于某人来说怎么样It's+adjofsb对某人来说太怎么样It's+adj（forsb）todo（对某人来说）做某事怎么样It's+adjofsbtodosth对某人来说做某事太怎么样eg:It'sniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglishIt'sagoodideaforsbtodosth对来说是个好主意It'simportanttosb对某人来说很重要eg:It'simportanttomeIt'stimetodosthIt'stimeforsth到了该去做某事的时间eg:It'stimetohaveclassIt'stimeforclass该去上课了join=takepartin参力口justnow刚刚keep+sb/sth+adj/介词短语让什么保持什么样?keepout不让进入keepsbadj让保持eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappykeephealthy保持安康keyto+名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案keyto…anserto…key可以是答题或钥匙laughat…取笑eg:Don'tlanghatothersWelanghedatthejokelearnbyoneslfe自学learnfromsb向某人学习eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFenglearntodosth学做某事letsbdosth让某人做某事Letsbdown让某人失望eg:Weshouldn'tletourfarentsdown我们不应该让我们的父母失望livefrom:离某地远livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhouShelivesatXuanTanlookafter=takecareof照顾照看loseone'sway谁迷路eg:Loseyourway你迷路makeadecisiontodosth决定做某事makefriendswithsb和谁成为朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyoumakeitearly把时间定的早一点makeonexhibitionofoneself让某人出洋相makesb/n+n使什么成为什么eg:ImadehermystepmollerImadeyoumywifemakesb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么样eg:Youmustmadeyourbedcleanmakesb/sthadj使某人/某物怎么样makesbdosth让某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite我以前让他写makeupbemadeupof（被动语态）由组成make…differenceto…mindsbtodomindone'sdoing介意做什么most+名mostof+代muchtoo+形容词mustbe一定need+名词needsbdosth需要某人做某事needtodo（实义动词）needdo（情态动词）no/neithrofhatetodono/neithrofhatedoingno+名词notanymore=nomore再也不eg:Hedidn'tcryanymoreHecriednomore他再也不哭名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。1、表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s'，例如：astudent'sroom,students'rooms,father'sshoes。2、如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's，如：Children'sDay。3、在表示时间、间隔、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用’s,例如：atwentyminutes'walk，tenmiles'journey，aboat'slength，twopounds'weight,tendollars'worth。4、无生命名词的所有格那么必须用of构造，例如：amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。5、双重所有格，例如：afriendofmyfather's。【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's,那么表示“分别有”，例如：John'sandMary'srooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom'sandMary'sbikes（两人各自的自行车）。两个名词并列，只有一个's，那么表示“共有”，例如：JohnandMary'sroom（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；TomandMary'smother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。名词所有格，用来表示人或物的所有，以及领属关系。1、表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s'，例如：astudent'sroom,students'rooms,father'sshoes。2、如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's，如：Children'sDay。3、在表示时间、间隔、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用’s,例如：atwentyminutes'walk,tenmiles'journey，aboat'slength，twopounds'weight,tendollars'worth。4、无生命名词的所有格那么必须用of构造，例如：amapofChina,theendofthisterm,thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。5、双重所有格，例如：afriendofmyfather's。【注意】如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's,那么表示“分别有”，例如：John'sandMary'srooms（约翰和玛丽各有一间，共两间）；Tom'sandMary'sbikes（两人各自的自行车）。两个名词并列，只有一个's，那么表示“共有”，例如：JohnandMary'sroom（约翰和玛丽共有一间）；TomandMary'smother（即Tom与Mary是兄妹）。语态表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：WespeakChineseinChina.在中国我们说汉语;如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，那么用被动语态，如：ChineseisspokenbyusinChina.在中国汉语被我们说。一、主动语态改成被动语态方法把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单，可以遵循以下几个步骤：将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态;3主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动构造中的谓语动词之后。（有时by的短语可以省略）；例：1.Brucewritesalettereveryweek.—AletteriswrittenbyBruceeveryweek.二、被动语态的用法：一般现在时的被动语态构成：is/am/are+及物动词的过去分词Ourclassroomiscleanedeveryday.一般过去时的被动语态构成：was/were+及物动词的过去分词Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.现在完成时的被动语态构成：has/have+been+及物动词的过去分词Thisbookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages.一般将来时的被动语态构成：will+be+及物动词的过去分词Manymoretreeswillbeplantednextyear.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Youngtreesmustbewateredoften.现在进展时的被动语态构成：am/is/are+being+及物动词的过去分词UncleWangismendingmybikenow.—MybikeisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.不定式的被动语态：to+be+及物动词的过去分词Therearetwobookstoberead.—Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.三、使用被动语态应注