2022-2023学年北京市顺义区高一(上)期末英语试卷(含答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年北京市顺义区高一（上）期末英语试卷1.A

Asadoctor，Ialwaysmeetsome(1)（challenge）inmyjob.Sometimesitmakesmefeel(2)（worry）.Todealwiththis，IgorunningasoftenasIcan.WhenIrunontheroad，mynervousenergypushesmethroughmileone.Bymiletwo，mytensionmovesfrommymindtomylegs.Bytheendoftherun，allmystressisgone!Iamgettinghealthierand(3)（happy）thanbefore!B

ChineseNewYearPaintingisaspecialChineseartform.Usuallyit(4)（put）onwalls，doorsorwindows.AsSpringFestivalarrives，manyfamiliesputupNewYearPaintingsasawish(5)（have）goodluckandhappiness.TherearedifferentsubjectsinNewYearPaintings，suchasbabies，flowersandbirds.TheearliestNewYearPainting(6)（appear）intheTangdynasty（朝代）andwasattachedtothedoortokeepthefamilysafe.TodayNewYearPaintingsarestillpopularinsomeruralareasofChina.C

Venice（威尼斯）isfamous(7)itsbeautifulbuildingsandwaterways，butthe1，600-year-oldcityisindangerbecauseofrisingsealevel.Inthepast20years，Venicehasexperienced163bigfloods.Strongunderwaterwallsandgates(8)（build）toprotectthecitysince2009.However，forpeople(9)liveinVenice，therearestillfloodsandthisblocksbusiness.Ashopownertheresaidinaninterview，"Venicelivesthankstoitstourismanditisourduty(10)（save）it."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)"They'refollowingme!"Ithoughttomyself.Inoticedtwoyoungmenonmotorbikesslowdownnexttome.AsIdrove，theykeptwatchingmethroughtheirhelmets（头盔）.Suchkindofexperiencewasnot(2)inabigcitysoIdidn'thavetoworryaboutit.Theywouldgoawaysoonerorlater.Instead，Iwastroubledbyatruly(3)thinginmylife—Ihadjustlostmyjob.Icouldhardlycontrolmyfeelings.ThensuddenlyIdiscoveredthatwheneverIstoppedatatrafficlight，thetwobikerswouldalsostopalongside，(4)meclosely.

Thiscontinuedthroughthreetrafficlights.Theirpurposeswereuncleartome.(5)andnervous，IdroveasfastasIcouldtostay(6)ofthem，buttheykeptfollowingandIcouldn'tshakethemoff.FinallyIreachedhomeandfeltasenseof(7).Buttomysurprise，theyhad(8)meallthewaytomydoorstep.Evenscarier，theywerenowoffthebikes，tryingtotalktome.

Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground，Istartedtoget(9).ThenIwalkedoverandwantedtoteachthemalesson."Pleasedon't(10)us，"oneofthemsaid，"WesawyoucryinginsideyourcarandwantedtomakesureyouwereOK.Doyouneed(11)ofanykind？"

I(12)atoncewhathadhappened.Themenhadseenmebreakingdowninmycarandfollowedmejustbecausethey(13)aboutthefeelingsofastranger.

Ineversawthemagain.Ididn'tevenaskfortheir(14).Buteventoday，morethan10yearslater，Iamstill(15)bythewarmththeybroughttoastranger，andrememberthemfortheirkindness.2.

A.common B.new C.interesting D.relaxing3.

A.sad B.exciting C.satisfying D.strange4.

A.catching B.holding C.watching D.carrying5.

A.Relaxed B.Confident C.Amazed D.Scared6.

A.ahead B.behind C.out D.opposite7.

A.shame B.duty C.belonging D.relief8.

A.inspired B.greeted C.followed D.benefited9.

A.angry B.disappointed C.lost D.nervous10.

A.forget B.misunderstand C.defend D.stop11.

A.money B.information C.help D.food12.

A.wondered B.noticed C.realized D.reminded13.

A.cared B.learned C.argued D.heard14.

A.suggestions B.names C.addresses D.opinions15.

A.attracted B.accepted C.dragged D.movedCChinahasseengreatachievementsincultureoverthelast10years.

NumberofCulturalPlacesandActivitiesYear

PlacesandActivities20162017201820192020Museums4，1094，7214，9185，1325，452Placesforculturalrecords272274309320322Books（unit：billion）9.049.2410.0110.6010.37Moviesproducedathome772798902850531Artsgroups12，30115，74217，12317，79517，581TVseries（unit：million）6.896.997.087.237.39YearAchievements2012TheNobelPrizeinliterature（文学）2012isgiventothewriterMoYan.2013Thebronze（铜）headsofamouseandarabbit，oncepartof12animalartworksattheSummerPalaceinBeijing，arereturnedtoChina.2015LiuCixinbecomesthefirstChinesewritertowintheBestNovelprizeforsciencefictionintheUSAwithhisbook，TheThree-BodyProblem.2017Chineseoracleboneinscriptions（甲骨文）areincludedontheUNESCOMemoryoftheWorldList.2020CelebrationsareheldforthecompletionofthePalaceMuseum600yearsago.2021NewdiscoveriesaremadeattheSanxingduiRuinssite（遗址）inGuanghan，Sichuan.16.HowmanymuseumswerethereinChinain2016？______A.4，109. B.4，721. C.4，918. D.5，132.17.WhenwasthenumberofTVseriesclosestto7million？______A.In2016. B.In2017. C.In2018. D.In2019.18.Accordingtotheinformationinthesecondtable，whatwerereturnedtoChinain2013？______A.The12animalartworks.

B.Thenovelprizesforsciencefiction.

C.Thebronzeheadsofarabbitandamouse.

D.PiecesofChineseoracleboneinscriptions.19.Wherewerethenewdiscoveriesmadein2021？______A.InChengdu，Sichuan. B.AttheSummerPalace.

C.InthePalaceMuseum. D.AttheSanxingduiRuinssite.20.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout？______A.Greatachievementsinliteratureathomeandabroad.

B.Thedevelopmentofculturalactivitiessince2012inChina.

C.Greatachievementsincultureoverthepast10yearsinChina.

D.ThedevelopmentofculturalplacesinBeijingoverthelastcentury.DWhenXuShixiaowenttoworkasusualinacompanyinNanchang，JiangxiProvince，fiveyearsago，shewassurprisedtogetacallfromherpreviouscoach，askingaboutherwillingnesstoreturntocanoeing（皮划艇）andcompeteintheTokyoOlympicGames.Xuquicklymadeherdecision.

"Iquitmyjobasamanager，toldmyfamilyandwentbacktotrainingthreedayslater.TherewasnotmuchtimeleftformetopreparefortheOlympics，"Xuthoughtback.

OnAug7，2021，Xuandherpartner，SunMengya，wonthegoldmedalinthefirstwomen'scanoedouble500meventattheTokyoGames.ItwasalsothefirstOlympicgoldmedalforChinaintheevent.

YetXu'sjourneytotheOlympicswas—shefacedlotsofdifficulties，suchasherconditionafteryearsofretirementandherparents'disagreementbecausetheythoughtitwastimeforhertogetmarried.

"Itwasreallyaharddecisionformetogobacktobeinganathleteafterfouryearsofretirement，"saidXu，"Ididn'twanttoregretnotcompetingforagoldmedal.Idesiredtobeachampion.IhadnothingtoloseevenifIfailed."

Tocatchthechancetogobacktocanoeingontheinternationallevel，Xustartedherunbearabletraining.Shebeganherdailyexercisesintheearlymorningandendedat10：30pm.ItwasahotJulyin2017inNanchang，whereitcouldbe40℃insummer.Xustayedinthesunforhourseverydayonhercanoe.Butherdailyschedulewashardlyinfluenced."Atthebeginning，itreallyhurt.Whenthepainreachedthehighestpoint，Icouldn'tfeelmyarmsafterthat，"sheadded.

Morethantwomonthsofsuchhardtrainingfinallypaidoff.Xuwontwogoldmedalsatthe13thNationalGamesintwowomen'scanoeevents.In2019，shepartneredwithSuntogettheirticketfortheTokyoOlympicsbywinningthegoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.Finally，theyachievedsuccessinTokyo.

Comparedwithathleteswhowereintheirearly20s，Xu'srecoverywasslower.Buttheactivetimeforathletesgotlonger."Ageisnotaproblemanymoreforanathleteintheageoftechnology，"saidXu.

TheOlympicmedalistwillgoforcompetitionsathomeandabroadthisyear.SheisalsolookingforwardtotakingpartintheParisOlympicsin2024.21.WhatdidXuShixiaodowhenhercoachaskedherwillingnesstocompeteintheTokyoOlympicGames？______A.Sheaskedforherparents'advice.

B.Shewentbacktotrainingafter3days.

C.Shewenttothecompanytoaskforleave.

D.Shewenttothetrainingcenterimmediately.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"bumpy"inParagraph4mostprobablymean？______A.Hard. B.Smooth. C.Pleasant. D.Achievable.23.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTachallengeforXuonherroadtosuccess？______A.Thehotweatherintraining.

B.Thedisagreementfromherparents.

C.Herwillingnesstogetmarriedrightnow.

D.Beingabsentfromtrainingforalongtime.24.HowdidXugettheticketfortheTokyoOlympics？______A.ByreceivingonemonthofhardtraininginNanchang.

B.Bywinningthreegoldmedalsatthe13thNationalGames.

C.BywinningagoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.

D.Bystartingherdailyexercisesintheearlymorningandendingat9：30pm.25.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage？______A.Toexplainwaystosolvetheageproblemofathletes.

B.Toshowthedifficultyofaretiredathletebacktotraining.

C.Tointroducethenecessaryqualitiesofacanoeingchampion.

D.ToshareastoryofanathletefightingfortheOlympicgoldmedal.EDrinkingalcohol（酒）maybemoreharmfulthanthought，particularlyforyoungandmiddle-agedadults，anewstudysuggests.Althoughdrinkingalcoholproperlyisoftenthoughttobegoodforyou，theresearcherspointoutthatmanystudiesonthebenefitsofitincludepeopleaged50andolder.Thiscannottotallypresentthebenefitsofalcohol，becauseitdoesn'tconsiderpeoplewhohavediedfromdrinkingalcoholatyoungerages.

Thatcausespeopletobeworried，becausemorethanone-thirdofdeathsfromdrinkingalcoholhappenamongpeopleaged20to49，accordingtothestudyintheJournalofStudiesonAlcoholandDrugs.

Infact，"Personswhopassedawaycannotbeincludedin"medicalstudies，thestudyresearcherswrote.What'smore，comparedwithothers，"thosewhohavebeendrinkingformanyyearsatage50are'survivors'（幸存者）whomighthavebeenhealthierorhavehadsaferdrinkinghabits"，accordingtothestudy，ledbyDr.TimothyNaimi，ofBostonMedicalCenter'sClinicalAddictionResearchandEducationUnit.

Inanewstudy，theresearchersstudiedtheinformationthatincludesestimates（估计数目）ofdeathscausedbyalcoholandyearsoflifelostduetoalcoholdrinkingintheUnitedStates.Thereare54medicalconditionsthatareconnected，eitherdirectlyorindirectly，withalcoholdrinking，suchasalcoholicliver（肝脏）diseaseandcarcrashescausedbyalcohol.Thoughalcoholdrinkingistiedtoanincreasedriskofdeathfrommostoftheseconditions，it'sconnectedwithareducedriskofsomeothers，mainlytypesofheartdiseases.

Tolookatalcohol'sbenefits，theresearcherspaidattentiontodeathsthatcouldpossiblybe"prevented"byalcoholdrinking，aswellasyearsoflife"saved"byalcohol.Only4.5percentofestimateddeathssaidtobepreventedbyalcoholdrinkinghappenedamongthoseaged20to49，comparedwith80percentamongthoseaged65andolder.Morethan50percentoftheestimatedyearsoflifesaidtobesavedhappenedamongthoseaged65andolder，comparedwithjust14.5percentofthoseaged20to49.

Asawhole，thefindingssuggestthatpreviousstudiesthatincludedolderadultsunderestimatedriskscausedbyalcoholcomparedwithwhatwouldbeseenfordrinkersofallages，theresearcherssaid.

Still，theresearchersnotethattherearemanyreasonswhypeoplechoosetodrinkornottodrinkalcoholapartfromitshealthinfluenceandthatmostpeoplewhochoosetodrinkproperlycandosowithrelativelylowrisk.26.WhydoesthenewstudyinParagraph1suggestadifferentfindingcomparedwithmanypreviousstudies？______A.Becausethenewstudyincludespeopleaged50andolder.

B.Becausethenewstudydoesnotwanttomakepeopleworried.

C.Becausethepreviousstudiesdonotincludedrinkersofallages.

D.Becausethepreviousstudiespointoutthedisadvantagesofdrinkingalcohol.27.AccordingtoDr.TimothyNaimi，forpeoplewhohavebeendrinkingforyearsatage50，whatmighthelpthemsurvive？______A.Drinkingmorealcohol.

B.Havingsaferdrinkinghabits.

C.Believinginthebenefitsofalcohol.

D.Drinkingalcoholwhentheyfeelsad.28.Whichofthefollowingconditionscanbereducedbydrinkingalcohol？______A.Headaches. B.Heartdiseases.

C.Alcoholicliverdiseases. D.Carcrashescausedbyalcohol.29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage？______A.Drinkingalcoholproperlyseemsrelativelylessrisky.

B.Allsurvivorsoftheiralcoholdrinkingmusthaveastrongbody.

C.Alotofstudiesonthebenefitsofalcoholarebasedonenoughfacts.

D.Youngpeoplearelesslikelytodiefromalcoholdrinkingthantheold.30.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage？______A.Drinkingalcoholcanhelppeopleavoidsomerisks.

B.Drinkingalcoholproperlyisbeneficialtohuman'shealth.

C.Drinkingalcoholisagoodwaytorelievepeople'spressure.

D.Drinkingalcoholmaybemoredangerousthanthoughtforyoungandmiddle-agedadults.31.ShouldWeFearMaths？Howgoodareyouatmaths？Somepeoplelovethechallengeofitorenjoyworkingoutnumbergames.Mathsisallaroundus，fromworkingouthowtosharethebillafterameal，tomakingyourhouseholdbillsclear.Butmanyfeelafraidofthemomentwhentheyhavetodealwithnumbersandfeelarealsenseofworryanddisorder.Itcanseemfearful，butthis"mathsfear"isperfectlycommon，andyou'redefinitelynotalone.Youneedtoknowourworriesandfearsdon'tnecessarilyshowourability.

Theproblemreallystartsinchildhood，atschool.Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheirfeartothepupils，andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeinfluenced.TheProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment（评估）foundaround31%of15and16-year-oldsacross34countriessaidtheygotverynervousdoingmathsproblems，33%saidtheyfeltuneasydoingmathshomework，andnearly60%saidtheywereworriedthatmathsclasseswouldbedifficult.ShulamitKahn，fromBostonUniversity'sQuestromSchoolofBusiness，toldtheBBCshebelievesgivingstudents，particularlygirls，goodrolemodelsisimportant，especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths，especiallywomen，tohelpyoungerchildren.

WritingforBBCFuture，DavidRobsonsays，"It'snotclearwhymathsbringssomuchfearcomparedtogeography.Butthefactthatthere'sarightorwronganswermightmakeyoumoreworriedaboutunderperforming（表现不佳）."Andoncewethinkwe'renota"mathsperson"，weavoidsolvingthingsthatweprobablycoulddo.

Thefearonmathsmayappearduetomanyreasons，butsomesuggestthatweencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge，notathreat（威胁）.Thatmeansweneedtothinkofthegoodsidesofmaths.

（1）Whatproblemdoesthepassagetalkabout？（不超过6个单词）______

（2）Whendomanypeoplebegintofearmaths？（不超过10个单词）______

（3）Whatcanhappenifteachersarenervousaboutteachingmaths？（不超过10个单词）______

（4）AccordingtoShulamitKahn，whatisthekeytohelpingchildrenenjoymaths？（不超过17个单词）______

（5）Basedonthelastparagraph，howshouldweencouragethechildrenwhofearthemathstest？（不超过14个单词）______32.

goaldefeatadapttoslightlysignup

traditionmakeaneffortrelievevarious(1)Joggingisagreatwaytohelp______ourtensionandstress.(2)ThankstotheInternet，it'seasytoshopfor______thingslikebooks，snacksandclothesonlinenowadays.(3)ItisawidespreadSpanish______toeatgrapesonNewYear'sDaytobringgoodluckinthecomingyear.(4)Theworldischangingfast，andwehavetolearnto______thechangessoasnottobeleftbehind.(5)Hisbodywillbecomehealthierandstrongeraslongashe______toworkoutregularly.(6)Ago-getterisapersonwholikestoset______forhimselfanddoeshisbesttoachievethem.(7)Pleaserememberthatthedifficultyisn'tmeantto______you；it'smeanttomakeyoubetter.(8)Ourschooloffersdifferentkindsofclasses，andwecan______fortheonesthatinterestus.(9)InEnglishlearning，everystudenthashisownmethodsandlearnsina______differentway.33.假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你校艺术社下周将在本校艺术楼举办以"中国传统节日"为主题的展览，展出本年级学生优秀摄影、绘画及手工作品。请根据下面提示给外教Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加。

（1）展览时间、地点；

（2）展览内容。

提示词：展览exhibition手工作品handmadecrafts

注意：

（1）词数不少于50词；

（2）邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。

DearChris，

IamwritingtoinviteyoutotheTraditionalChineseFestivalExhibitiontobeheldinourschool.______

Ibelieveyouwillenjoytheexhibitionifyoucome.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.

Yours，

LiHua

答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】challenges【小题2】worried【小题3】happier【小题4】isput【小题5】tohave【小题6】appeared【小题7】for【小题8】havebeenbuilt【小题9】who【小题10】tosave【解析】（1）考查可数名词的复数。句意：作为一名医生，我在工作中总会遇到一些挑战。根据前文some可知，可数名词challenge应用复数形式，作宾语。故填challenges。

（2）考查形容词。句意：有时这让我感到担忧。此处用形容词作feel的表语，修饰"我"，表示"担忧的"，故填worried。

（3）考查比较级。句意：我比以前更健康、更快乐了！结合句意和than可知，此处用比较级，故填happier。

（4）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：通常它会贴在墙上、门上或窗户上。结合句意可知，此处在讲述客观事实，句子用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词用三单形式，且与put之间是被动关系，故填isput。

（5）考查动词不定式。句意：随着春节的到来，许多家庭都挂上了年画，以祝好运和幸福。此处用动词不定式作wish的后置定语。故填tohave。

（6）考查时态。句意：最早的年画出现在唐代，并贴在门上以保护家人的安全。结合句意和intheTangdynasty可知，句子用一般过去时。故填appeared。

（7）考查介词。句意：威尼斯以其美丽的建筑和水道而闻名，但这座拥有1600年历史的城市因海平面上升而面临危险。befamousfor表示"因……而出名"，符合句意。故填for。

（8）考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：自2009年以来，为了保护这座城市，建造了坚固的水下墙和大门。时间状语为since2009，句子用现在完成时，主语为Strong

underwater

walls

and

gates，谓语动词用复数形式，且与动词build之间是被动关系，故填havebeenbuilt。

（9）考查定语从句。句意：然而，对于住在威尼斯的人来说，仍然有洪水，这阻碍了生意。此处引导定语从句，先行词为people，作从句主语。故填who。

（10）考查动词不定式。句意：那里的一位店主在接受采访时说："威尼斯的生活得益于它的旅游业，我们有责任拯救它。"此处it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填tosave。

A是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己作为一名医生的生活。

B是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国年画。

C是一篇说明文。介绍了威尼斯所面临的危险。

做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。

2~15.【答案】B、A、C、D、A、D、C、A、B、C、C、A、B、D【解析】（1）考查形容词及语境理解。A.common普通的；B.new新鲜的；C.interesting有趣的；D.relaxing令人放松的。句意：这样的经历在大城市并不新鲜，所以我不必担心。由后文"Ididn'thavetoworryaboutit"可知，这种事在大城市并不"新鲜"。故选B项。

（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sad悲伤的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.satisfying满足的；D.strange奇怪的。句意：相反，我被生活中一件真正悲伤的事所困扰一我刚刚失业。由后文"Ihadjustlostmyjob"可知，这是一件"伤心的"事情。故选A项。

（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.catching抓住；B.holding保持；C.watching观看，观察；D.carrying运送。句意：然后我突然发现，每当我在红绿灯前停车时，两个骑自行车的人也会停在旁边，紧紧地盯着我。由后文"Wesawyoucryinginsideyourcar"可知，两个摩托车手一直在密切"观察"着作者。故选C项。

（4）考查形容词及语境理解。A.Relaxed放松的；B.Confident自信的；C.Amazed惊奇的；D.Scared害怕的。句意：我既害怕又紧张，我尽可能快地开车，以保持在他们前面，但他们一直跟在后面，我无法甩掉他们。由后文"nervous"可知，作者紧张且"害怕"。故选D项。

（5）考查副词及语境理解。A.ahead在……外前面；B.behind在……后面；C.out在……外面；D.opposite在……外对面。句意：我既害怕又紧张，我尽可能快地开车，以保持在他们前面，但他们一直跟在后面，我无法甩掉他们。由前文"IdroveasfastasIcould"可知，作者想开快点保持在他们"前面"。故选A项。

（6）考查名词及语境理解。A.shame羞愧；B.duty职责；C.belonging所有物；D.relief宽慰，解脱。句意：最后我回到家里，感到一种解脱。由后文"Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground"可知，作者心里有"解脱"的感觉。故选D项。

（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.inspired启发；B.greeted问候；C.followed跟随；D.benefited受益。句意：但令我惊讶的是，他们一直跟着我走到我家门口。由前文"buttheykeptfollowingandIcouldn'tshakethemoff"可知，他们是一直"跟随着"作者的。故选C项。

（8）考查形容词及语境理解。A.angry生气的；B.disappointed失望的；C.lost丢失的；D.nervous焦虑的。句意：在这个熟悉的地方感觉更安全了，我开始生气。由前文"Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground"和下文"ThenIwalkedoverandwantedtoteachthemalesson."可知，作者不再害怕而是"生气"。故选A项。

（9）考查动词及语境理解。A.forget忘记；B.misunderstand误解；C.defend防御；D.stop停止。句意："请不要误解我们，"其中一人说，"我们看到你在车里哭，想确保你没事。"由后文"WesawyoucryinginsideyourcarandwantedtomakesureyouwereOK"可知，摩托车手请求作者不要"误解"他们。故选B项。

（10）考查名词及语境理解。A.money钱；B.information信息；C.help帮助；D.food食物。句意：你需要任何帮助吗？由后文"rememberthemfortheirkindness"可知，摩托车手来到作者家是准备为作者提供"帮助"。故选C项。

（11）考查动词及语境理解。A.wondered想知道；B.noticed注意到；C.realized意识到；D.reminded提醒。句意：我立刻意识到发生了什么事。由后文"whathadhappened"可知，作者"意识到"发生了什么事。故选C项。

（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.cared关心；B.learned学习；C.argued争辩；D.heard听到。句意：男人们看到我在车上奔溃了，就跟着我，因为他们关心陌生人的感受。由前文"tomakesureyouwereOK"可知，这里他们"关心"作者的感受。故选A项。

（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.suggestions建议；B.names名称；C.addresses地址；D.opinions意见。句意：我再也没见过他们。我甚至没有问他们的名字。由前文"Ineversawthemagain"可知，作者当时没有问他们的"名字"。故选B项。

（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.attracted吸引；B.accepted接受；C.dragged拖动；D.moved感动。句意：但即使在10多年后的今天，我仍然被他们带给陌生人的温暖所感动，并记住他们的善良。由后文"thewarmththeybroughttoastranger"和"theirkindness"可知，作者仍然被"感动"着。故选D项。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲作者开车回家途中有两个摩托车手跟随，一直跟到作者家里，后来作者了解到他们是看到作者在车里哭泣才不放心跟着她，这让作者内心充满了感激。

近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。

16~20.【答案】A、B、C、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个表格中Museums一行数据可以看出，在2016年的时候，博物馆的数量是4，109。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一个表格中TV

series一行数据可以看出，和7million最接近的数据是2017年的6.99million。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第二个表格中2013年取得的成就Thebronze（铜）headsofamouseandarabbit，oncepartof12animalartworksattheSummerPalaceinBeijing，arereturnedtoChina.（曾是北京颐和园12件动物艺术品的铜制鼠首和兔首回归中国。）可知，在2013年铜制鼠首和兔首回归中国。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据第二个表格中2021年取得的成就NewdiscoveriesaremadeattheSanxingduiRuinssite（遗址）inGuanghan，Sichuan.（四川广汉三星堆遗址有新发现。）可知，2021年，三星堆遗址有了新发现。故选D。

（5）主旨大意题。根据China

has

seen

great

achievements

in

culture

over

the

last

10

years.（10年来，中国文化事业取得了巨大成就。）以及两个表格所展示的内容可知，这篇文章主要介绍了十年来，中国文化事业取得的巨大成就。故选C。

本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了十年来，中国文化事业取得的巨大成就。

1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。

21~25.【答案】B、A、C、C、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。由文章第二段I

quit

my

job

as

a

manager，told

my

family

and

went

back

to

training

three

days

later.There

was

not

much

time

left

for

me

to

prepare

for

the

Olympics（我辞去了经理的工作，告诉了家人，三天后又回去训练。留给我准备奥运会的时问不多了。）可知，徐诗晓三天后就重新回去训练了。故选B项。

（2）词句猜测题。由文章第四段she

faced

lots

of

difficulties，such

as

her

condition

after

years

of

retirement

and

her

parents'

disagreement

because

they

thought

it

was

time

for

her

to

get

married.（她面临着很多困难，比如她退役多年后的状况，以及父母的意见分歧，因为他们认为她该结婚了。）可知，徐诗晓的奥运之旅是"坎何和困难的"，所以猜测bumpy是"困难的"。A.Hard困难的；B.Smooth顺利的；C.Pleasant愉快的；D.Achievable可达到的。故选A项。

（3）细节理解题。由文章第四段she

faced

lots

of

difficulties，such

as

her

condition

after

years

of

retirement

and

her

parents'

disagreement

because

they

thought

it

was

time

for

her

to

get

married.（她面临着很多困难，比如她退役多年后的状况，以及父母的意见分歧，因为他们认为她该结婚了。）可知，主要是徐诗晓父母认为她应该结婚了，并不是徐诗晓现在愿意马上结婚。故选C项。

（4）细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段In

2019，she

partnered

with

Sun

to

get

their

ticket

for

the

Tokyo

Olympics

by

winning

the

gold

medal

at

the

ICF

Canoe

Sprint

World

Championships.Finally，they

achieved

success

in

Tokyo.

（2019年，她与孙俪合作，在ICF独木舟短跑世界锦标赛上获得金牌，获得东京奥运会门票。最后，他们在东京取得了成功。）可知，她通过在ICF独木舟短跑世界锦标赛上获得金牌而获得东京奥运会入场券。故选C项。

（5）推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段More

than

two

months

of

such

hard

training

finally

paid

off.Xu

won

two

gold

medals

at

the

13th

National

Games

in

two

women's

canoe

events.In

2019，she

partnered

with

Sun

to

get

their

ticket

for

the

Tokyo

Olympics

by

winning

the

gold

medal

at

the

ICF

Canoe

Sprint

World

Championships.Finally，they

achieved

success

in

Tokyo.（两个多月的艰苦训练终于有了回报。徐峥在第十三届全运会的两个女子独木舟项

月中获得了两枚金牌。2019年，她与孙俪合作，在ICF独木舟短跑世界锦标赛上获得金牌，获得东京奥运

会门票。最后，他们在东京取得了成功。）以及上下文可知，文章主要讲皮划艇运动员徐诗晓重新训练备战东京奥运会并获得金牌的故事。故选D项。

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲皮划艇运动员徐诗晓重新训练备战东京奥运会并获得金牌的经历。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

26~30.【答案】C、B、B、A、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Although

drinking

alcohol

properly

is

often

thought

to

be

good

for

you，the

researchers

point

out

that

many

studies

on

the

benefits

of

it

include

people

aged

50

and

older.This

cannot

totally

present

the

benefits

of

alcohol，because

it

doesn't

consider

people

who

have

died

from

drinking

alcohol

at

younger

ages.（尽管人们通常认为适量饮酒有益健康，但研究人员指出，许多关于饮酒益处的研究对象都是50岁及以上的人。这并不能完全休现酒精的好处，因为它没有考虑到那些在年轻时死于饮酒的人）可知，之前的研究没有包括所有年龄段的饮酒者，所以新的研究和之前的研究有不同的结果。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段What's

more，compared

with

others，"those

who

have

been

drinking

for

many

years

at

age

50

are

'survivors'（幸存者）

who

might

have

been

healthier

or

have

had

safer

drinking

habits"，according

to

the

study，led

by

Dr.Timothy

Naimi，of

Boston

Medical

Center's

Clinical

Addiction

Research

and

Education

Unit.（此外，根据波上顿医疗中心临床成瘾研究和教育部门的蒂莫西•纳伊米博士领导的这项研究，与其他人相比，那些在50岁时饮酒多年的'卒存者，可能因为他们会有更健康，或有更安全的饮酒习惯）可知，更安全的饮酒习惯帮那些50岁时已经饮酒多年的人活下来。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Though

alcohol

drinking

is

tied

to

an

increased

risk

of

death

from

most

of

these

conditions，it's

connected

with

a

reduced

risk

of

some

others，mainly

types

of

heart

diseases.（虽然饮酒与这些疾病的死亡风险增加有关，但它与其他一些疾病的风险降低有关，主要是心脏病类疾病）可知，饮酒可以降低患心脏病类疾病的风险。A.Headaches.头痛；B.Heart

diseases.心脏病；C.Alcoholic

liver

diseases.酒精性肝病；D.Car

crashes

caused

by

alcohol.酒精引起的车祸。故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据文章的最后一段Still，the

researchers

note

that

there

are

many

reasons

why

people

choose

to

drink

or

not

to

drink

alcohol

apart

from

its

health

influence

and

that

most

people

who

choose

to

drink

properly

can

do

so

with

relatively

low

risk.（尽管如此，研究人员指出，除了酒精对健康的影响之外，人们选择吗酒或不喝酒还有很多原因，大多数选择适当饮酒的人可以以相对较低的风险饮酒）可知，适量饮酒的风险似乎相对较小。故选A。

（5）主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，特别是文章第一句话Drinking

alcohol

（酒）

may

be

more

harmful

than

thought，particularly

for

young

and

middle-aged

adults，a

new

study

suggests.（一项新的研究表明，饮酒可能比想象的更有害，尤其是对年轻人和中年人）可知，这篇文章主要是告诉我们饮酒对年轻人和中年人来说可能比想象的更危险。因此D.Drinking

alcohol

may

be

more

dangerous

than

thought

for

young

and

middle-aged

adults.（对于年轻人和中年人来说，饮酒可能比想象的更危险。）是本文的主旨大意。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，对年轻人和中年人来说，饮酒可能比想象的更有害。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

31.【答案】Howtodealwithmathsfear.【解析】（1）主旨大意题。根据最后一段Thefearonmathsmayappearduetomanyreasons，butsomesuggestthatweencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge，notathreat（威胁）.（对数学的恐惧可能有很多原因，但有些人认为，我们应该鼓励孩子们把数学考试视为挑战，而不是威胁）可知，本文主要讨论了如何应对对数学的恐惧。故答案为Howtodealwithmathsfear.

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Theproblemreallystartsinchildhoodatschool.（这个问题实际上始于童年上学时期）可知，许多人害怕数学始于童年上学时期。故答案为Manypeoplebegintofearmathsinchildhoodatschool.

（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassiontheirfeartothepupils，andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeinfluenced.（研究发现，数学老师在教授这门课时感到紧张，会把这种恐惧传递给学生，而女孩更容易受到影响）可知，这种紧张恐惧心理会被传递给学生，尤其是女生。故答案为Theirfearcanbepassedontopupils，especiallygirls.

（4）细节理解题。根据第二段ShulamitKahn，fromBostonUniversity'sQuestromSchoolofBusiness，toldtheBBCshebelievesgivingstudents，particularlygirls，goodrolemodelsisimportant，especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths，especiallywomen，tohelpyoungerchildren.（波士顿大学凯斯特罗姆商学院的ShulamitKahn在接受BBC采访时表示，她认为给学生，尤其是女孩，树立良好的榜样非常重要，尤其是在年轻的时候。她认为关键是让那些喜欢教数学的人，尤其是女性，来帮助年幼的孩子）可知，她认为关键是让那些喜欢教数学的人，尤其是女性，来帮助年幼的孩子。故答案为Thekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths，especiallywomen，tohelpyoungerchildren.

（5）开放回答题。只要言之有理，积极向上即