浙江省宁波市金兰教育合作组织2020-2021学年高一下学期期中英语试题

宁波市金兰教育合作组织2020学年第二学期高一英语期中试题第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydoesthewomaninterrupttheman?A.Shewantstoseethemovieherself.B.Shedoesn’tlikethemovie.C.Shealreadysawthemovie.2.Whattimedoesthemuseumcloseonweekends?A.At5:00p.m.C.At6:00p.m.3.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Ridingabus.B.Shoppinginastore.C.Runningdownthestreet.4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.CoworkerB.Husbandandwife.C.Brotherandsister.5.Whatisthewoman’smainconcern?A.Arrivinglate.B.Beingshortofgas.C.Meetingtrafficontheroad.第二节:听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whyistheremuchwaterinthekitchen?A.Awaterpipeburst.B.Thereisaholeontheroof.C.Someoneforgottoturnoffthewater.7.Whatwillthespeakersdoaboutthesituation?A.Callsomeonerightnow.B.Leaveituntilthemorning.C.Dealwithitimmediately.听第7段材料,回答策8至10题。8.WhathashadamajorinfluenceonUKfood?A.Betterquality.B.Internationalinfluences.C.FamouschefsonTV.9.WhatistheUK’smostfamousfoodaccordingtothewoman?A.Pizza.B.Fishandchips.C.Pipes.10.Whatisthewoman’sfavoriteplaceforameal?A.Apub.B.Acafe.C.Arestaurant.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sweight?A.It'sthesameasbefore.B.It’slessthanbefore.C.It’smorethanbefore.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Coachandathlete.C.Husbandandwife.13.Whatwillthemandonext?A.GorunningwiththewomanB.Bookabadmintoncourt.C.Buytheexercisebike.听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Work.B.Education.C.Happiness.15.Whatkindofexamresultsdoesthewomanhave?A.Average.B.Good.C.Bad.16.Whatistheman’sconcernaboutoverseasstudy?A.Thequality.B.Thesafety.C.Thecost.17.Wherewouldthewomanprefertostudy?A.InJapan.B.IntheUKC.IntheU.S.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18.WhatdidMarkstudywellinmiddleschool?A.Psychology.B.puterscience.C.Astronomy.19.WhendidMarkcreatethefamousFacebook?A.Inahighschool.B.Inuniversity.C.Aftercollege.20.WhatotherprojectisMarkworkingonnow?A.Electriccars.B.Spaceships.C.Environmentalproblems.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分35分)第一节(共10个小题;每小题25分,满分25分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIrescuedmylittleFoxyseveralyearsago.Iwasn’tlookingforher,butshejustcrawledupontomylapandwenttosleep,soItookherhome.Shespentthenightwithherheadonmypillow,andIknewshebelongedtome.Iwasherperson.Shedidn’treallylikeotherdogsorpeople...untilImetmywifetobe.ThedayAngelikacameovertovisitforthefirsttimewasthelasttimeFoxywastrulymydog.Sheignoredmefortheloveofatenderwomanandwhocanblameher?Iwouldhavedonethesame.ThenAngelikaandIgotmarried,andwebecameahappyfamily.Thethreeofusalwayswalktogetherthroughourvillagefromthehillstothelake.WegetexerciseandhavefunbecauseFoxyenjoysherwalksandstrollsthroughtheneighborhoodlikea10poundprizepony.Howsweetandlovely,yousay,butthereisadarksidetothelittlefurball!Foxyisnowaonewomandog—shehastotallybondedwithmywifeandwon'tgoforawalkatallifAngelikaisout.Shejustliesinherbedbythewindowwaitingforherangeltowalkthroughthedoor,andIhavetotellyou,Ifeelalittlerejected.Butit’sprettycute.Iunderstandanimalbonding.Mytherapydog,Mercy,waswithmeforoveradecade,andwewereatotalitem.Infact,itwasn'tuntilMercydiedthatIdecidedtoremarry.That'showmuchunconditionalloveshegaveme.Nowmywifeisgettingtoexperiencethatkindofbondforthefirsttime.Youngorold,bigorlittle,whenyourdogfindsyou,it'sanamazingexperience,andtheloveyoufeeljustmakesyourlifesweeter.Whenyouadoptananimal,rememberthatit’salifetimemitment.Andifyourpetfallsforyourotherhalf,justenjoywatchingthelove.1.WhathappenedafterFoxymetAngelika?A.FoxywasrejectedbyAngelikaatfirst. B.Foxydidn’tlovetheauthoranymore.C.Foxybecamemorewillingtostayathome. D.FoxydevelopeddeepfeelingsforAngelika.2.HowdidtheauthorfeelabouttherelationshipbetweenFoxyandAngelika?A.Awkward. B.Delighted. C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed.3.Whatisthetoneofthetext?A.Plain. B.Lively. C.Appreciative. D.Persuasive.【答案】1.D2.B3.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者狗Foxy和妻子Angelika之间深厚的感情，作者指出当你收养动物时，请记住这是一个终生的承诺。如果你的宠物爱上了你的另一半，享受这种爱吧。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Iwasherperson.Shedidn’treallylikeotherdogsorpeople...untilImetmywifetobe.ThedayAngelikacameovertovisitforthefirsttimewasthelasttimeFoxywastrulymydog.Sheignoredmefortheloveofatenderwomanandwhocanblameher?(我是她的人。她真的不喜欢其他的狗或人……直到我遇到我未来的妻子。Angelika第一次来看我的那天是Foxy最后一次真正成为我的狗。她因为一个温柔女人的爱而忽略了我，谁能责怪她呢？)”可知，Foxy遇到Angelika之后，对Angelika产生了很深的感情。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Sheignoredmefortheloveofatenderwomanandwhocanblameher?(她因为一个温柔女人的爱而忽略了我，谁能责怪她呢？)”以及倒数第二段“Nowmywifeisgettingtoexperiencethatkindofbondforthefirsttime.Youngorold,bigorlittle,whenyourdogfindsyou,it'sanamazingexperience,andtheloveyoufeeljustmakesyourlifesweeter.(现在我妻子第一次体验到这种联系。无论年龄大小，当你的狗找到你时，这是一种奇妙的经历，你感受到的爱会让你的生活更甜蜜)”可推知，作者对Foxy和Angelika之间的关系感到高兴。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Sheignoredmefortheloveofatenderwomanandwhocanblameher?(她因为一个温柔女人的爱而忽略了我，谁能责怪她呢？)”以及第四段中“Howsweetandlovely,yousay,butthereisadarksidetothelittlefurball!(你说，多么可爱和甜蜜，但是这个小毛球也有黑暗的一面！)”可推知，文章的语气很生动活泼。故选B。BJobinterviews,exams,medicaltests—we’veallwaitedandworriedovertheresults.Someluckypeoplecanwaitwithoutmuchworrying.Manyofus,however,getanxiousawaitingtheoute.KateSweeny,aprofessorofpsychologyatUniversityofCaliforniaRiverside,studiesthesedifferencesinwaitingbehavior.Inherlateststudy,publishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,sheandacolleaguestudied50lawschoolgraduateswaitingfortheresultsoftheCaliforniaBarExam(律师资格考试).Theytookdetailedsurveysabouttheparticipants'selfesteem,howwelltheymanageduncertainty,andwhethertheyweremoreoptimisticorpessimistic(悲观的).Theyalsolookedathowparticipantsmanagedexpectationsandhandledstress.Notsurprisingly,theyfoundthatanoptimisticoutlookandbeingmorefortablewithuncertaintymadewaitinglessstressful.Itdidn'tmatterwhethertheparticipantsreportedhighselfesteemornot.Whatmatteredmostwaswhethertheyexpectedthebest.“Iwassurprised,”saysSweeny.Alsointerestingwasthatpeoplechangedastheygotclosertolearningtheresults.Atfirst,itwasharderforalloftheparticipantstodistractthemselves,andallofthem—evenoptimists—becamemorepessimisticastimewenton.Expectingbadnewsandpreparingforfailuremaynotrelieveanxietywhilewaiting,butlateron,itgivespeopleasenseofcontrolovertheirfutures.Similarly,it’simportantthatpeopledon’tattachtomuchofthemselvestotheresult.“Ifyouconvinceyourselfthebarexamis...justasillyexamyouhavetotakeanddoesn’treflectonyouroryourabilities,that...mighthelpyou..ifthenewsisbad,”shesays.Worrierscantakefort,however.Sweenyfoundthatparticipantswhosufferedmorestresswerebetteratreceivingevenbadnews.Indeed,thosewhohadmoreanxietywhilewaitingfortheirbarexamresultsweremorelikelytoturnaroundandstartstudyingagainiftheyfailed.Sweenyisrecentlystudyingtheeffectsofmindfulnessmeditation(正念冥想)forthosewhoareabsorbedinresults,asithelpspeoplecontroltheirthoughtsandemotions.Thetechniqueisperfectforthissituation,shesays.Waitingwillneverbeeasy,buthavingsomethingunderyourcontrolcouldmakeitmoreacceptable.4.WhatdidSweenyfindaboutherparticipants?A.Lawschoolstudentsfounditmoredifficulttoacceptfailure.B.Thelongertheywaited,thelessworriedtheyseemedtobe.C.Positivepeoplefeltlessstressedwhilewaitingfortheirresults.D.Thosewithhighexpectationsbeforethetestsweremorelikelytofail.5.WhatwouldSweeneyprobablysuggesttothosewhoarewaitingnervously?A.Keephopingforthebest.B.Alwayspreparefortheworst.C.Donotfocusontheresults.D.Taketheresultsasjudgmentsonyourabilities6.Whichparticipantsweremorelikelytotryagainafterfailure?A.Thosewhofeltmoreanxiouswhilewaiting.B.Thosewhowerefortablewithuncertainty.C.Thosewhohadasenseofcontrolovertheirfailure.D.Thosewhooftenpracticedmindfulnessmeditation.【答案】4.C5.C6.A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文，文章分析了在等待结果的过程中什么人容易感到焦虑、这种焦虑的影响以及如何应对。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Notsurprisingly,theyfoundthatanoptimisticoutlookandbeingmorefortablewithuncertaintymadewaitinglessstressful.(不出所料，他们发现乐观的态度和对不确定性的适应会让等待的压力更小)”可知，Sweeny的研究表明乐观的参与者在等待的时候压力更小。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“Similarly,it’simportantthatpeopledon’tattachtomuchofthemselvestotheresult.(同样，重要的是人们不要太在意结果)”可知，Sweeney建议等待的时候不要太关注结果。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第八段“Indeed,thosewhohadmoreanxietywhilewaitingfortheirbarexamresultsweremorelikelytoturnaroundandstartstudyingagainiftheyfailed.(事实上，那些在等待律师资格考试成绩时感到焦虑的学生，如果不及格，更有可能转身重新开始学习)”可知，在等待时感到焦虑的学生更可能重新开始学习。故选A项。CShouldwefocusonourgoal,orontheprocess?WhathappenedtoBrendaMartinez,aUSOlympicrunner,mayprovideuswiththerightanswer.Shelostherbalanceinthe800meterrunandfailedtoqualifyfortheOlympics.Insteadoffocusingonherfailure,shepreparedtowininthenextrace.“Ijustquicklyletgoofwhathappenedinthe800mandgotbacktomyroutine,tofocusingonallthelittlethingsIcoulddothatwouldgivemethebestchanceofrunningwelllaterintheweek,”shetoldNewYorkMagazineIntelligence.Shesaiditwasthismindsetthatledtoherwiningthirdplaceinthe1500meterraceaboutaweeklatertoqualifyfortheOlympicsinRio.InsteadofattachingherselftothegoalofmakingtheOlympicteam,sheconcentratedontheprocess.Thereisaproblemwithsettinggoals.ResearchersfromHarvard,theUniversityofPennsylvaniaandNorthwestern,foundthatoveremphasizinggoalsbasedonmeasurableoutesoftenleadstorisktaking,unethical(不道德的)behaviorandreducedmotivation.TheirresultswerepublishedinaHarvardBusinessSchoolreporttitledGoalsGoneWild:TheSystematicSideEffectsofOverPrescribingGoalSetting.Whenyoubeeoverlyfocusedonachievingthegoal,youmaylosesightofyouroriginalpurposeforacplishingthegoalinthefirstplace.Anotherdangerisactuallypletingthegoalwithoutsettingaplanforwhat'snext.Forexample,somemarathonrunnersexperiencewhat'scalledthe"postraceblues".Achievingyourgoalmaycauseyoutodropthegoodhabitsthatgotyouthereinthefirstplace.Dietersoftenexperiencethisinwhat’scalled“yoyodieting”whentheydropdowntoadesiredweight,butthengainalltheweightbackwhentheystarttheirbadhabitsagain.“Afteryousetagoal,it’sbesttoshiftyourfocusfromthegoalitselftotheprocessthatgivesyouthebestchanceofachievingitandtojudgeyourselfbasedonhowwellyoupletethatprocess,”columnistBradStulbergwroteonthewebsiteTheCut.Ultimately,changingyourattentionfromgoalstoprocesswillcauseyoutoachievelittlevictoriesonyourwaytoacplishinglongtermgoals.AmyCuddy,aHarvardBusinessSchoolpsychologyprofessor,wrotethatfocusingonthisprocess“leavesyouwithasenseofsatisfactionandacplishment,regardlessofthemeasurableoute.”7.WhyisBrendaMartinez'sexperiencementioned?A.Tosuggestlearningfromfailurecanbringsuccess.B.Todescribehowimportantitistosetbiggoals.C.Toshowhowfocusingontheprocesscanleadtosuccess.D.Toshowopportunityfavorsthepreparedmind.8.Whatproblemcouldoveremphasizinggoalsbringabout,accordingtoparagraph3?A.Theuseofunfairmeans.B.Ignoringthewholepicture.C.Overestimatingthesetbacks.D.Beingstressedbytherisksinvolved.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A.Weshouldkeepinmindwhywesetthegoal.B.Weshouldkeepinmindwhywesetthegoal.CWeshouldformgoodhabitswhenpletingthegoal.D.Weshouldacceptthatitisnormaltofeeldownafterachievingthegoal.10.Whatarethelasttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.waysofjudgingagoal.B.Waystosetlongtermgoals.C.Whatgivesyouthebestchanceofachievinggoals.D.Benefitsoffocusingontheprocess.【答案】7.C8.A9.B10.D【解析】【分析】本文是议论文。文章通过举例说明和理论分析的方式论证了应当专注于过程而不是目标这一观点。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，BrendaMartinez因为失误而错失参加奥运会800米跑的资格，但她并未受失败的影响，而是回到日常生活，专注于所有小事，并最终得到参加奥运会1500米跑的资格，再结合“InsteadofattachingherselftothegoalofmakingtheOlympicteam,sheconcentratedontheprocess.(她没有专注于成为奥运代表队的目标，而是专注于过程)”可推知，BrendaMartinez的成功经历告诉我们，专注于过程而不是目标才是通向成功的道路。故选C项。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ResearchersfromHarvard,theUniversityofPennsylvaniaandNorthwestern,foundthatoveremphasizinggoalsbasedonmeasurableoutesoftenleadstorisktaking,unethical(不道德的)behaviorandreducedmotivation.(哈佛大学、宾夕法尼亚大学和西北大学的研究人员发现，过分强调基于可衡量结果的目标往往会导致冒险、不道德行为和动机降低)”可知，过分强调目标会导致不道德行为，即通过不正当手段达到目的。故选A项。9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Whenyoubeeoverlyfocusedonachievingthegoal,youmaylosesightofyouroriginalpurposeforacplishingthegoalinthefirstplace.(当你过于专注于实现目标时，你可能会忘记最初设置目标的初衷)”可知，过于专注于目标会让人忘记初衷，所以我们应当记住设置目标的初衷，不忘记初心。故选B项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“it’sbesttoshiftyourfocusfromthegoalitselftotheprocessthatgivesyouthebestchanceofachievingitandtojudgeyourselfbasedonhowwellyoupletethatprocess(最好把你注意力从目标本身转移到能给你最好的机会实现它的过程上，并根据你完成这个过程的程度来评价你自己)”和第六段“Ultimately,changingyourattentionfromgoalstoprocesswillcauseyoutoachievelittlevictoriesonyourwaytoacplishinglongtermgoals.(最终，把你的注意力从目标转移到过程上会让你在实现长期目标的路上取得小的胜利)”可推知，最后两段都是说专注于过程的好处。故选D项。第二节(共5个小题,每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Travelingalonecanbedaunting(令人畏缩的),Ihavetraveledbymyselfmanytimesbut,oneveryoccasion,therewassomeonetomeetmeattheotherendofthebus,trainorplanejourney.___11___LastweekIhadaholidayfromwork,butnoneofmyfriendshadthesameweekoff.IdecidedthatIstillwantedtodosomething,soIbookedatrainridetoTorontoandreservedabedinahostelforoneweek.Oneweekbymyself.___12___WouldIbebored?Quitetheopposite.Infact,therearemanybenefitsthatefromtravelingalone.Firstly,IwasabletodowhateverIwanted.Ispenthoursinmuseumslearningtherelatedhistory,whichwouldhaveseemedboringanddulltosomeofmyfriends,Iwalkedallaroundthecity,whichsomepeoplemayhavefoundtooexhausting.___13___IdiscoveredmyindependenceanddevelopedmapreadingskillsthatIdidn'tknowIhad.IcouldgetupandgotosleepwhenIwantedandIdidn’thavetowaitforanyoneelsetoshowerandgetreadyeverymorning.Beinginthesafeenvironmentofahostelwithlikemindedtravelersalsogivesagreatopportunitytomeetnewpeoplefromallovertheworld,whichcanhelpbatloneliness.___14___Imissedhavingsomeonetotalkto.Experiencesareoftenmoreenjoyableiftheyareshared,andpartofthefunoftravelingisthememoriesyouhaveafterwards.Withoutatravelpartner,Iwon’tbeabletolaughaboutandremembermyTorontoadventurewithafriendorfamilymemberinyearstoe.Inaddition,thosedays,Ifoundeatinginrestaurantorcookinginthehostelwaslessfunonmyown.Iamveryproudofmyselffortravelingalone,andIhadafantastictimeinToronto.___15___Though,maybeitdependsonwhoyoutravelwith—Iwouldratherbebymyselfthanwithsomeonewhoislazy,difficultandargumentative.A.However,inthefuture,IthinkIwillalwaysprefertotravelwithanotherpersonorinasmallgroup.B.Inspiteofthebenefits,Ifoundthattherewerealsosomedisadvantagesoftravelingalone.C.Insteadofrelyingonsomeoneelsetorememberdirectionsortosuggestactivitiestodo,D.WouldIbealarmed?E.Thistimewasdifferent.F.WouldIbelonely?G.Apartfromturningtosomestrangersforhelpoccasionallywhenintrouble,【答案】11.E12.F13.C14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者利用假期时间独自去了多伦多旅行，并且在旅行中体会到了独自旅行的优缺点。【11题详解】上文“oneveryoccasion,therewassomeonetomeetmeattheotherendofthebus,trainorplanejourney(在任何情况下，都会有人在公共汽车、火车或飞机的另一端接我)”指出，作者之前的旅行都是有人陪的，并非独自一人。通过下文“noneofmyfriendshadthesameweekoff.(我的朋友中没有一个人与我有同一星期的休假)”以及“IbookedatrainridetoToronto(我订了一张去多伦多的火车票)”可推知，作者的朋友们都没有放假，所以没办法陪他一同旅行，与上文作者每次都有人陪的情况形成了转折关系。E项“这一次情况不同。”承上启下，符合文意。故选E项。【12题详解】上文“Oneweekbymyself.(独自生活一周)”描述了作者的现状，下文“WouldIbebored?Quitetheopposite.(我会觉得无聊吗？恰恰相反)”作者自己对于当下的情况产生了疑问，并且做出了回答，可推知，设空处应该也提出了一个基于当下情况产生的疑问。F项“我会感到孤独吗？”符合文意，与后一句句式一致。故选F项。【13题详解】通过上文“Ispenthoursinmuseumslearningtherelatedhistory,whichwouldhaveseemedboringanddulltosomeofmyfriends,Iwalkedallaroundthecity,whichsomepeoplemayhavefoundtooexhausting.(我花了几个小时在博物馆里学习相关的历史，这对我的一些朋友来说会显得枯燥乏味，我在城市里走了一圈，有些人可能觉得这太累了)”可知，作者随心所欲地依靠自己去探索学习如何旅行，下文“IdiscoveredmyindependenceanddevelopedmapreadingskillsthatIdidn'tknowIhad(我发现了自己的独立性，并发展了我不知道自己拥有的地图阅读技能)”进一步说明了作者的独立性。C项“我没有依靠别人来记住方向或建议要做的活动。”表达了作者旅行的随心所欲，符合段意。故选C项。【14题详解】通过下文“Imissedhavingsomeonetotalkto.(我很想找个人聊聊)”以及“Experiencesareoftenmoreenjoyableiftheyareshared(分享经验通常会更令人愉快)”可知，作者发现独自一人旅行，没人与他聊天，分享经验是独自旅行的缺点。B项“尽管有好处，我发现独自旅行也有一些缺点。”符合文意，引出了下文。故选B项。【15题详解】通过下文“Though,maybeitdependsonwhoyoutravelwith(不过，也许这取决于你和谁一起旅行)”可推知，作者还是更喜欢与合得来的人一块旅行。A项“但是，将来，我想我还是会更喜欢和别人一起旅行或者和一个小团队一起旅行。”符合文意，引出下文。故选A项。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分45分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Likemanywriters,I'manexpertatprocrastination(拖延).WhenIoughttobeworkingona(n)___16___,I'llsittherewatchingpointlessvideos.Accordingtotraditionalthinking,myproblemis___17___management.Increasingly,however,psychologistsare___18___thisiswrong.TimPychylatCarletonUniversityinCanadahasproposedthatprocrastinationisanissuewith___19___ouremotions,nottime.Thetaskwe’re___20___ismakingusfeelbadperhapsit'stooboring,toodifficultorwe’retoo___21___failingandtomakeourselves___22___betterinthemoment,westartdoingsomethingelse,likewatchingvideos.Oneofthefirst___23___toinspiretheemotionaleffectofprocrastinationwaspublishedintheearly2000sbyresearchersatCaseWesternReserveUniversity,Ohio.Researchersfirstmadepeoplefeelbadbyaskingthemtoreadsadstoriesandshowedthatthis___24___theirpossibilitytoprocrastinatebeforeanintelligencetest.Thefurtherresearchhasalsohighlightedthe____25____ofprocrastination.Arecentstudyhasshownthat____26____procrastinationcanaffectmentalandphysicalhealthduetoabuildupofguiltandfrustrationoveravoidingimportantwork.Overtime,high____27____andpoorhealthbehaviorsarewellknowntohaveaneffectonhealthastheycanincreasethe____28____ofseriousandchronichealthconditionssuchasheartdisease,diabetes,arthritisandevencancer.Allofthefollowingmeansof____29____procrastinationcouldhaveamajorpositiveeffectonyourlife.Thenexttimeyoufeel____30____toprocrastinate,makeyourfocusassimpleas“What’sthenext____31____asimplenextstepIwouldtakeonthistaskifIweretogetstartedonitnow?”saidPychyl.“____32____thistakesyourmindoffyourfeelingsandonto____33____achievableaction.Ourresearchandpersonalexperiencehas____34____usveryclearlythatoncewegetstarted,we'retypicallyabletokeepgoing.Getting____35____iseverything.”16.A.task B.protect C.issue D.job17.A.emotion B.time C.motivation D.preference18.A.assuming B.supposing C.wishing D.realizing19.A.accessing B.managing C.using D.voicing20.A.goingover B.takingon C.goingthrough D.puttingoff21.A.tiredof B.worriedabout C.readyfor D.concernedwith22.A.look B.live C.feel D.get23.A.cases B.experiments C.investigations D.proofs24.A.increased B.proved C.lessened D.ignored25.A.development B.dangers C.process D.types26.A.occasional B.regular C.accidental D.monthly27.A.stress B.expectation C.load D.requirement28.A.cure B.limit C.risk D.treatment29.A.recognizing B.studying C.identifying D.overing30.A.anxious B.hesitant C.eager D.relieved31.A.goal B.action C.choice D.excuse32.A.Doing B.Knowing C.Imagining D.Planning33.A.simply B.individually C.personally D.easily34.A.shown B.inspired C.encouraged D.persuaded35.A.changed B.adapted C.adopted D.started【答案】16.A17.B18.D19.B20.D21.B22.C23.C24.A25.B26.B27.A28.C29.D30.C31.B32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述拖延症，造成拖延症的原因，拖延症的危害及怎样克服拖延症。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我应该去完成一项任务时，我会坐在那里看毫无意义的视频。A.task任务；B.protect保护；C.issue问题；D.job工作。根据上文“Likemanywriters,I’manexpertatprocrastination(拖延)”可知作者有拖延症，所以当他应该去完成一项任务时，他会看毫无意义的视频，故选A。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：按照传统的思维，我的问题是时间管理。A.emotion情绪；B.time时间；C.motivation动力；D.preference偏爱。根据上文可知作者有拖延症，按照传统的想法，就是不会管理时间，且下文的“nottime”也是提示。故选B。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，越来越多的心理学家意识到这是错误的。A.assuming假定；B.supposing推断；C.wishing希望；D.realizing意识到。根据however可知上下文互为转折关系，所以应该是越来越多的心理学家意识到“拖延症是时间管理出了问题”这种看法是错误的，故选D。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：加拿大卡尔顿大学(CarletonUniversity)的蒂姆·皮切尔(TimPychyl)提出，拖延是管理情绪的问题，而不是时间。A.accessing进入；B.managing管理；C.using使用；D.voicing表达。根据上文“Accordingtotraditionalthinking,myproblemis___2___management.”可知是词义复现，提出了拖延是管理情绪，不是管理时间，故选B。【20题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们所拖延的任务会让我们感觉很糟糕——也许它太无聊、太困难，或者我们太担心失败——为了让自己在那一刻感觉更好，我们开始做其他事情，比如看视频。A.goingover复习；B.takingon呈现；C.goingthrough完成；D.puttingoff推迟。根据前文可知文章是讲拖延，并提出拖延是情绪管理，所以这里推迟或拖延会让我们感觉很糟糕的任务，故选D。【21题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.tiredof厌倦的；B.worriedabout担心的；C.readyfor准备好的；D.concernedwith关心的。根据上文“it'stooboring,toodifficult”可知都是负面情绪，所以推断这里是担心会失败，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.look看；B.live生活；C.feel感觉；D.get得到。根据下文“westartdoingsomethingelse,likewatchingvideos.”说明想要感觉好一点，开始做别的事情转移注意力，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：21世纪初，俄亥俄州凯斯西储大学(CaseWesternReserveUniversity)的研究人员发表了首批关于激发拖延症情绪影响的研究报告。A.cases情况；B.experiments实验；C.investigations研究报告；D.proofs证明。根据下文“waspublishedintheearly2000sbyresearchersatCaseWesternReserveUniversity,Ohio.”可知被研究人员发表的应该是研究报告，故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员首先通过让人们阅读悲伤的故事来让他们感到难过，结果表明这会增加他们在智力测试前拖延的可能性。A.increased增加；B.proved证明是；C.lessened减少；D.ignored忽视。根据上文“Researchersfirstmadepeoplefeelbadbyaskingthemtoreadsadstories”可知是让人们的感觉不太好，这样应该是增加他们在智力测试前拖延的可能性。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：进一步的研究也强调了拖延症的危险。A.development发展；B.dangers危险；C.process过程；D.types类型。根据下文“procrastinationcanaffectmentalandphysicalhealth”可知是拖延症有很多危险，故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近的一项研究表明，经常性的拖延会影响心理和身体健康，这是由于逃避重要工作导致的内疚和沮丧情绪累积所致。A.occasional偶尔的；B.regular经常的；C.accidental偶然的；D.monthly每月的。根据常识可知，应该是经常性的拖延会影响心理和身体健康。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，众所周知，高压力和不良的健康行为会对健康产生影响，因为它们会增加罹患严重和慢性健康疾病的风险，如心脏病、糖尿病、关节炎甚至癌症。A.stress压力；B.expectation预期；C.load负载；D.requirement要求。根据下文“poorhealthbehaviors”可知，和它并列，应该是高压力，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.cure措施；B.limit限制；C.risk风险；D.treatment治疗。根据文“suchasheartdisease,diabetes,arthritisandevencancer.”可知应该是罹患这些疾病的风险，故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：以下所有克服拖延症的方法都可能对你的生活产生重大的积极影响。A.recognizing识别；B.studying研究；C.identifying确定；D.overing克服。根据下文“haveamajorpositiveeffectonyourlife”可知，是克服拖延症的方法，故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下次你想拖延的时候，把注意力集中在简单的事情上，比如“下一步要做什么——简单的下一步。A.anxious焦虑的；B.hesitant犹豫的；C.eager热切的；D.relieved宽慰的。feel/beeagerto…，意为“想要……”，根据句意可知，是想要拖延的时候，故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.goal目标；B.action行动；C.choice选择；D.excuse借口。根据下文“asimplenextstep”可知是下一步要做的事，故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样做可以把你的注意力从你的感受转移到容易实现的行动上。A.Doing做；B.Knowing知道；C.Imagining想象；D.Planning计划。根据上文的“‘What’sthenext___16___asimplenextstepIwouldtakeonthistaskifIweretogetstartedonitnow?’saidPychyl.”可知是按照上文这样做，故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.simply简单地；B.individually分别地；C.personally个人地；D.easily容易地。根据前文说的要把注意力集中在简单的事情上，所以应该是把你的注意力从你的感受转移到容易实现的行动上。故选D。34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的研究和个人经验很清楚地告诉我们，一旦开始，我们通常能够继续。A.shown表明；B.inspired激励；C.encouraged鼓励；D.persuaded劝说。根据上文“Ourresearchandpersonalexperience”可知是我们的研究和个人经验告诉（表明）我们一旦开始，我们通常能够继续。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：开始就是一切。A.changed改变；B.adapted适应；C.adopted采取；D.started开始。根据上文“Ourresearchandpersonalexperiencehas___19___usveryclearlythatoncewegetstarted,we'retypicallyabletokeepgoing”可知一旦开始就能够继续，所以开始就是一切，故选D。第二节（10个小题,每小题分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,根据首字母提示在空白处填入单词的正确形式。Celebratedallaroundtheworld,festivalshaveawiderangeofo_____36_____,suchastheseasonsoftheyear,religions,famousf_____37_____,andimportantevents.Ofallthetraditionalfestivals,theharvestfestivalcanbefoundinalmosteveryculture.Thisimportantagriculturalfestivaltakesplaceafterallthecropshavebeeng_____38_____in.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyareg_____39_____fortheyear’ssupplyoffood.TheharvestfestivalinancientEgyptf_____40_____aparadeandagreatfeastwithmusic,dancingandsports.Customsplayas_____41_____roleinfestivals,butsometimestheycanchangeovertime.Forexample,lightingfireworksisoneofthet_____42_____traditionsinChineseSpringFestivaltodriveawaytheevilspiritsandcelebratethenewyear.Recently,toavoidairpollution,itisbannedinmanybigcities.Moreover,withmanyonlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappsboosting,festivalsarecelebratedmoreandmorec_____43_____leadingtopeople'sdifferentideasaboutit.Festivalsareanimportantpartofsociety.Theyreflectpeople'swishes,b_____44_____,faiths,andattitudestolife.Theyareo______45______thatweneedtorelax

and

enjoy

life,

and

forgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.【答案】36.origins37.figures38.gathered39.grateful40.featured41.significant42.typical43.mercially44.beliefs45.occasions【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地的节日都有不同的起源以及节日的不同庆祝习俗。【36题详解】考查名词的数。句意：世界各地的节日都有不同的起源，比如一年的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。根据单词首字母以及句意“起源”可知应填名词origin，作宾语，由awiderangeof修饰应用复数形式。故填origins。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：世界各地的节日都有不同的起源，比如一年的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。根据单词首字母以及句意“人物”可知应填名词figure，作宾语，前文没有冠词，应用复数形式表泛指。故填figures。【38题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这个重要的农业节日是在所有的庄稼都收割完毕后举行的。根据单词首字母以及句意“收割”可知应填动词gather，作谓语，与主语构成被动关系，结合上文havebeen可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填gathered。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：人们庆祝是为了表达他们对这一年食物供应的感激之情。根据单词