人教版八年级英语下册 （I'll help to clean up the city parks）SectionA 习题课件(第1课时)

Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA(第1课时)

Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词和短语1.Theboycould_______(分发)foodatthefoodbank.2.Thegirlcould_________(义务做)inanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.giveoutvolunteer3.Weneedto____________(想出)aplantotellpeopleaboutthecityparkclean-up.4.Wecouldputup_____(标志).

5.Let’smakesome______(通告),too.ThenI’ll_____them___(分发)afterschool.6.Wecouldeach______(征召)10studentsandaskthemtocome.comeupwithsignsnoticeshandoutcallup7.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthings_______(过去……)be.8.Yeah,alotofoldpeopleare______(孤独的).Weshouldlistentothemand_______(照顾)them.

usedtolonelycareforⅡ.将下列句子补充完整1.——我希望去外面工作。—Ihope_______outside.——你可以帮助打扫城市公园。—You_____help__________thecityparks.

toworkcouldtocleanup2.那个女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子,让他们高兴起来。Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospital_______________.3.我们不能推迟制订计划。Wecan’t_____________aplan.

tocheerthemupputoffmaking4.他们要求你帮助做什么?Whatdidtheyaskyou_________with?5.我们有一天也都会老。We’reallgoingto______oneday,___.

tohelpoutbeoldtoo考点1lonelyadj.

孤独的;寂寞的*Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.是啊,许多老人都很孤独。*Myparentsneverallowmetogooutaloneatnight.晚上我父母从不允许我独自一人外出。【自主归纳】lonely与alone辨析词性词义句子成分lonely形容词(adj.)孤独的;寂寞的;偏僻的定语或表语alone形容词(adj.)或副词(adv.)独自;单独作形容词时,只能作表语【一言辨异】Iwastravelingaloneinthelonelymountain.Ididn’tfeellonelythoughIwasalone.我独自在荒凉的山里旅行,虽孤身一人,但我并不感到寂寞。【即学活用】①(2015·宿迁中考)Afterleavinghishometown,myuncleoftenfeels______(nothappybecauseofbeingalone).②Canyoufinishthework_____(lonely/alone)?

lonelyalone③(2016·自贡中考)Whenyoufeelhelplessand______,justrememberyouarenot______intheworldbecauseyourfriendsarearoundyou.A.alone;alone

B.alone;lonelyC.lonely;alone【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。lonely寂寞的,表示精神上的感受;alone独自;孤单,指独自一个人。句意:当你感到无助、寂寞时,记住你在世界上不是孤独的,因为你周围有朋友。故选C。考点2putoff推迟*Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan.我们不能推迟制订计划。*Couldweputitofftothenextweek?我们可以把此事推迟到下一周吗?

【自主归纳】

putoff的用法

putoff为由“动词+副词”构成的动词短语,其后接名词、代词或____________(动词-ing形式/动词不定式)作宾语。动词-ing形式【拓展延伸】常见put构成的短语【即学活用】①(2015·宿迁中考)消防员们及时赶到,并很快扑灭了大火。Thefiremenarrivedintimeand______thebigfirequickly.

putout②(2016·永州中考)Theschoolsportsmeetingwillbe______becauseoftheheavyrain.A.putup

B.puton

C.putoff【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。putup张贴;举起;puton穿上;表演;putoff推迟。句意:由于一场大雨,学校的运动会将被推迟。空白处意为“推迟”,故选C。【拓展训练】(2014·安顺中考)Springhascome.Wecan’t______theplan.Thetreesmustbeplantedthisweek.A.putoff

B.makeupC.comeupwith D.lookup【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。putoff推迟;makeup组成,编造;comeupwith想出(办法等);lookup(在词典等)查找。句意:春天已经来了,我们不能推迟计划,这些树本周必须种上。故选A。【备选要点】考点1

volunteerv.

义务做;自愿做n.

志愿者*Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.这个女孩可以在课外学习活动小组义务教孩子们。*Myfriendvolunteeredapieceofimportantnewstous.我的朋友主动告诉我们一条重要消息。*Mikevolunteeredtosearchforthemissingclimber.迈克志愿去搜寻那名失踪的登山运动员。Shewantedtoworkasavolunteerteacheratthevillage.她想当一名志愿者去那个村庄支教。【自主归纳】volunteer的用法【即学活用】①在周末很多青少年志愿来这里工作。Manyteenagers________________hereonweekends.②社区服务志愿者们做得很出色。The_________forcommunityservice________agoodjob.③MrGreenvolunteered_______(teach)ustosinganddance.

volunteertoworkvolunteersaredoingtoteach考点2cheerup(使)变得更高兴;振奋起来*Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup.这个女孩可以去探望生病住院的孩子们,使他们高兴起来。*Theybeatthedrumstocheerupthesoccerplayers.他们击鼓来振奋足球运动员们的情绪。*Cheerup!Ourtroublewillsoonbeover.振奋起来!我们的困难马上就要过去了。【自主归纳】(1)cheerup是“动词+副词”结构的短语动词,代词作宾语时,要置于短语中间。(2)cheerup既可作及物动词短语,也可作不及物动词短语。【即学活用】①(2015·莱芜中考)______!It’snottheendoftheworld.Let’stryagain.A.Putup

B.Setup

C.Cheerup

D.Pickup【解析】选C。考查短语辨析。putup举起;setup建立;cheerup振奋起来;pickup捡起。由句意可知此处表示鼓舞大家的斗志,让大家振作起来。故选C。②当我答应帮助他时,他立即就高兴了起来。He__________atoncewhenIpromisedtohelphim.③(2016·荆州中考)当我心情不好或是感觉累的时候,我更喜欢看那些让我振奋的电影。WhenI’mdownortired,Iprefermoviesthat_______________.(cheer)cheeredupcancheermeupUnit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.SectionA(第2课时)

Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示写出相应的单词和短语1.MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveup______(几个)hourseachweektohelpothers.

several2.Igetsucha______(强烈的)______(感觉)of__________(满足)whenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookof___(高兴)ontheir_______(主人)faces.3.Lastyear,shedecidedto______(参加……选拔)foravolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.

strongfeelingsatisfactionjoyowners’tryout4.Forexample,wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalor_____(募集)moneyforhomelesspeople.5.Iwanttotravel_____(单独).

raisealoneⅡ.将下列句子补充完整1.马里奥喜爱动物,想成为一名兽医。Mariolovesanimalsandwants____ananimaldoctor.2.但是我想学习更多关于如何照顾动物的知识。ButIwanttolearnmoreabout______careforanimals.

tobehowto3.她仍旧每周一次去那里工作,帮助孩子学习读书。Shestillworksthereonceaweek______kidslearn______.4.你可以请求医院让你看望孩子,让他们高兴起来。Youcould___hospitals_____youvisitthekidsandcheerthemup.

tohelptoreadasktolet考点1ownern.物主;主人*IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.每当我看到那些动物们好起来,还有它们主人脸上喜悦的表情,一种强烈的满足感便油然而生。*Sometimeshehadtodotheworkonhisowntime.有时候他必须在非工作时间里工作。*MrSmithownsalargefarminSeattle.史密斯先生在西雅图拥有一个大农场。【自主归纳】(1)owner为可数名词,意为“物主;主人”。(2)owner的动词为own,意为“拥有”。own也可作为形容词,意为“自己的”,一般用于形容词性物主代词或名词所有格之后加强语气。【即学活用】①The______(own)oftheshopcameuptoseewhatwasthematter.②他多么想拥有自己的农场呀!Howhewants______his____farm!③我爸爸正在攒钱来买一辆自己的小汽车。Myfatherissavingmoneytobuy_______car.

ownertoownownhisown考点2

raisev.

募集;征集*Wecanmakeplanstovisitsickchildreninthehospitalorraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.我们可以制订计划去看望生病住院的孩子们或者为无家可归的人筹钱。*They’dliketohaveaschoolconcerttoraisemoneyforcharity.他们想开个学校音乐会为慈善机构募捐。【自主归纳】raise作及物动词,意为“募集;征集”。raisemoneyfor意为“为……筹钱”。【拓展延伸】raise的其他意思【即学活用】①(2015·莱芜中考)Ifyouneedtogototherestroominclass,please______yourhand.A.raise

B.rise

C.shake

D.wash【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。raise举起,及物动词;rise举起,不及物动词;shake握手,摇动;wash洗。句意:如果上课时你想去洗手间,请举手。空白处意为“举起”。故选A。②(2016·深圳中考)—Howdidyourclassraisemoneyforthepooroldmaninhospital?—WeorganizedabookfairontheplaygroundandsoldsomebooksandCDs.A.collect B.putup C.spend【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。collect收集,筹集;putup举起,张贴,悬挂;spend花费。句意:—你的同学们怎样为医院里那个贫穷的老人筹款的?—我们在操场上组织了一个书籍展览并且出售一些书和光盘。raise是动词,意为“筹集,募捐”;raisemoney和collectmoney都可表示“筹款”。故选A。【备选要点】考点1

attheageof在……岁时*Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour.她在四岁的时候就能独立阅读。*Thegirlcouldplaythepianowellattheageoffive.=Thegirlcouldplaythepianowellwhenshewasfive.那个女孩五岁的时候就能把钢琴弹得很好。【自主归纳】(1)“attheageof+基数词”意为“在……岁时”,相当于when引导的时间状语从句。(2)attheageof+基数词=atage+基数词。【即学活用】①Mygrandfatherstartedtoworkwhenhewassixteen.(改为同义句)Mygrandfatherstartedtowork__________sixteen.②他27岁时成了一名医生。Hebecameadoctor__________27.

attheageofattheageof考点2severalpron.几个;数个;一些*MarioGreenandMaryBrownfromRiversideHighSchoolgiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.河畔中学的马里奥格林和玛丽布朗每周都腾出几个小时的时间来帮助他人。*Sheinvitedseveralofherfriendstowatchtheshow.她邀请了她的几个朋友去看表演。*—DoyouhaveanybooksaboutChinesehistory?你有关于中国历史的书吗?—Yes,Ihaveseveral.是的,我有几本。【自主归纳】

several的两种词性(1)several作形容词,意为“几个的”,修饰可数名词复数;(2)several作代词,意为“几个;数个;一些”,既可指代人,也可指代物。【即学活用】①他已经交了几个好朋友。Hehasmade______goodfriends.②你可以从中选择一个或者几个。Youcanchooseoneor________them.severalseveralof一、动词不定式【新知导引】根据要求补全下列句子,体会句中不定式的用法。①Ihope_______(work)outside.②It’sdifficultforus_______(climb)thistallmountain.③Theirjobis______(give)goodservicetothecustomers.

toworktoclimbtogive④Wefounditeasy____________(understand)eachother.⑤ThedoctortoldMrBush______(give)upsmoking.⑥Theteacheraskedthekidsnot_______(make)anynoiseinclass.tounderstandtogivetomake⑦Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospital_______(cheer)themup.⑧Theydon’tknowwhere______(look)fortheirlostdog.

tocheertolook【知识详解】【温馨提示】(1)动词不定式(或短语)作主语或宾语时,常用it作形式主语或形式宾语,而动词不定式(或短语)放于后面。(2)不定式作定语时,若动词为不及物动词,则须有相应的介词。例如:Hehasnochairtositon.他没有椅子坐。【拓展延伸】动词不定式的其他用法1.动词不定式的时态(1)动词不定式的一般形式所表示的动作,通常与谓语的动作(状态)同时(或几乎同时)发生,或是在它之后发生。*Isawhimgoout.我看见他出去了。(2)如果谓语表示的动作(情况)发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行,这时不定式就要用进行式。*Hepretendedtobereadingabookwhenshewentin.她进去的时候他装作正在看书。(3)如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就要用完成式。*I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.对不起让你久等了。2.动词不定式的语态当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式。*Heaskedtobesenttoworkinthecountryside.他请求被派往农村工作。3.不定式符号to的保留问题有时为了避免重复,可以用to来代替前面的不定式,这种情况常出现在下列动词后:expect,prefer,care,mean,forget,want,wish,hope,try以及beglad/happy等。如果在省略的不定式结构中含有be,have,havebeen,这些词要保留。*—Ididn’ttellhimthenews.我没有告诉他那个消息。—Oh,yououghttohave.噢,你本应告诉他的。【即学活用】用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.MissGreenwanted_______(keep)thesecrettoherselfforever.2.Iwillusetheprizemoney______(pay)formyeducation.tokeeptopay3.Aftermuchthought,hedecided_________(notbuy)thecar.4.Weneedsomevolunteers_______(clean)upthecitypark.5.DidMrBrownadviseyouwhat_____(do)next?

nottobuytocleantodo二、短语动词【新知导引】根据要求补全下列句子,并体会短语动词的用法。①我们应当听他们说,关心他们。Weshould_______themand_______them.②米歇尔尽最大努力让他们高兴起来。Michaeldidhisbestto_____________.

listentocareforcheerthemup③我把我的自行车捐赠给了一家儿童之家。I_________mybiketoachildren’shome.④他们的房子和我们的一样,但我们的更大一些。Theirhouse__________ours,butoursisbigger.⑤一些老年人不盼望过春节。Someoldpeopledon’t______________celebratingtheSpringFestival.

gaveawayissimilartolookforwardto【知识详解】1.概念短语动词是指英语中有些动词和其他词类一起连用,构成一个固定词组,可看成一个整体,相当于一个单独的动词,这种组合称之为短语动词。2.分类及用法(1)“动词+介词”(相当于及物动词):常见的有:lookat(看……);lookfor(寻找);lookafter(照顾);dependon(依靠);askfor(请求;询问);agreewith(同意)等。这种类型的短语后接宾语,且宾语无论是何种形式,一律放在介词后面。(2)“动词+副词”:①常见的相当于及物动词的这类短语后跟宾语。宾语若为名词,则名词常放于短语后面,也可放在动词与副词中间;若宾语为代词,则只能放在动词与副词中间。②常见的相当于不及物动词的这类短语有:getup(起床);lookout(当心,小心);runaway(逃跑);holdon(稍等;别挂断);getdown(下来)等。这类短语后不跟宾语。(3)“动词+副词+介词”(相当于及物动词):常见的这类短语动词有:lookforwardto(盼望);catchupwith(赶上);comeupto(走近);goonwith(继续);runoutof(用光;耗尽);lookdownupon(瞧不起)等。这类短语后跟宾语,且宾语必须放在介词后。(4)“动词+名词+介词”(相当于及物动词):常见的这类短语有:takecareof(照顾);payattentionto(注意);takepartin(参加);makeuseof(利用);takenoticeof(注意)等。这类短语后跟宾语,宾语放在介词后。(5)“系动词+形容词+介词”:常见的这类短语有:besimilarto(与……相像);bestrictin/with(在……方面严格/对……严格);befamiliarwith(熟悉);bedifferentfrom(与……不同);befullof(装满)等。这类短语要跟宾语,宾语放在介词后。【即学活用】1.(2015·鄂州中考)—Ihopetobeavolunteeronweekends.—Yo