高中人教版英语必修5作业Unit1Greatscientists单元测评

第一单元测评(主题语境:人与社会——社会服务)(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前,你都有5秒钟的时间阅读题目;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话仅读一遍。M:Howmucharethesebags?W:Theredonessellfor$5.5eachandthegreenonesfor$6.8each.M:I’lltaketwoofthecheaperonesthen.1.Whatisthemangoingtobuy?A.$5.5foraredone.B.$13.6fortwogreenones.C.$11fortworedones.答案CM:Mr.Cheng’sbriefingseemstogoonforever.Iwashardlyabletostayawake.W:Howcouldyousleepthroughthat?Ithinkitwasveryimportantfortheworkwearegoingtocarryout.M:Sorry!IpromiseI’lllistencarefully.2.Whatisthefeelingoftheman?A.Hefeltsleepy.B.Heistiredoflistening.C.Theworkisimportant.答案BW:Whatdoyouplantodoonyourvacation?M:I’mjustgoingtobelazyathome.Iwillprobablydosomegardening,watchTVandworkonmystampcollection.However,Ioncevolunteeredtoprotectourplantsinthewest.3.Whatisthemangoingtodoforhisholiday?A.Stayathome.B.Collectstamps.C.Volunteerinthewest.答案AM:Youcansitinmyplaceifyoulikeawindowseat.W:Oh,it’sverykindofyou,butmineisrightoverawing.Iwouldbeabletoseeanything.Thanksanyway.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaplane.B.Inatrain.C.Inarestaurant.答案AM:What’sthematterwithyou,Mary?Youlookedtired.W:Ididn’tsleepwelllastnight.M:Maybeastomachacheorheadache?W:Neither.Thenoisealmostdrovememad.5.Whydidn’tMarysleepwell?A.Shehadaheadache.B.Shehadastomachache.C.Shewastroubledbynoise.答案C第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至8题。M:I’dliketomakeanappointmentwiththedoctor,please.W:OK.HowaboutthedayaftertomorrowonWednesdayat4:00pm?M:Doyouhappentohaveanopeninginthemorning?W:Um...Howabouttomorrowat8:00amorThursdayat8:15am?M:Uh,doyouhaveanythingearlier?W:No,I’msorry.M:Well,inthatcase,tomorrowwouldbefine.W:What’sthepurposeofyourvisit?M:Well,totellyouthetruth,Ifellfromaladdertwodaysagowhilepaintingmyhouse,andmyfootlandedinacananditwasbadlyhurt.6.Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnThursday.答案A7.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hewashitbyaladder.B.Hebrokehisleg.C.Hehurthisfoot.答案C8.WhichstatementofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Theappointmenttimeisquitefittotheman.B.Theappointmenttimeisn’tquitefittotheman.C.Themancan’tgotothehospital.答案B听第7段材料,回答第9至11题。W:Doyouhaveanythingparticularonthisevening?M:No,I’vegotalotoftimetokill.W:Well,then.Won’tyoueovertodinnerandhaveagameofmahjongafterwards?M:Withpleasure.W:Youwerenotsoeageraboutmahjongbefore.M:That’sbecauseIdidn’tknowthefunofplayingitthen.Whyismahjongsuchapopulargame,doyouknow?W:I’vegotnoidea.Ionlyknowthatforeignersarebeginningtotakeaninterestinit,besidestheiroldcardgames.M:That’sright.Someofthemarealreadyexperts.W:Indeedtheyare.Butthetroubleaboutmahjongisonceyou’reinterestedinit,youcan’tsheditoff.M:Yes.OnceIwentcrazyoverotherhobbiessuchasstampcollectingandreading,butIfindthemveryboringnow.W:I’msureyourformerhobbiesaremorebeneficial.M:Ican’tdenythat,andIcan’thelpit,either.W:Thebell’sringing.Thatmustbeourpartners.9.Whatdoesthewomanbelieve?A.Mahjongisabeneficialhobby.B.Mahjongcanbeeanaddiction.C.Mahjongistooboringtoplay.答案B10.Whataretheygoingtodonow?A.Teachtheirpartners.B.Learnoldcardgames.C.Playmahjonggames.答案C11.Whatisforeigners’hobby?A.Playingmahjongonly.B.Playingoldcardgamesandmahjong.C.Playingtheiroldcardgames.答案B听第8段材料,回答第12至14题。W:How’syourfirstdayonthejobgoing?M:Fine.W:I’mgladtohearthat.Tellme,haveyoueverusedafloorpolishingmachinebefore?M:No,Ihaven’t.Couldyoushowmehow?W:Certainly.First,spraythewaxonthefloor.M:Isee.W:Then,pressheretoturnthemachineon...Okaysofar.M:Ifollowyou.W:Then,polishthefloorwithabackandforthmotionlikethis.Doyouthinkyou’vegotthat?M:Yes,I’msureIwon’thaveanytrouble.W:Makesureandletmeknowifyouhaveanyquestions.M:OK.Thanks.12.Whatdoesthemanprobablydo?A.Amanager. B.Asalesman. C.Acleaner.答案C13.Whatisn’tneededforhisjob?A.Acopyingmachine.B.Wax(蜡).C.Afloorpolishingmachine.答案A14.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthem?A.Classmates.B.Motherandson.C.Teacherandstudent.答案B听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。M:IsthistableonthecornerOkay?W:Sure.Wecansithere.M:Gee.You’vehardlygotanythingonyourplate.W:Yeah.IguessI’mjustnotthathungry.M:What’sthematter?Aren’tyoufeelingwell?W:Well,I’vebeenreallyworried.It’smycar.It’sintheshopagain.M:Really?What’swrongthistime?W:Idon’tknowexactly.Something’swrongwiththebrakes,Ithink.M:Well,atleastthatshouldn’tcostyoumuchtofix.PartsarecheaperforalltheAmericancarslikeyours.Didthemechanicsayhowmuchitwouldcost?W:Hesaidhewouldcallmelatertodayaboutthecost.M:Watchouthedoesn’ttrytotakeadvantageofyou.W:Whatdoyoumean?M:Well,somecarmechanics,iftheythinkthatsomeonedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcars,theymighttrytooverchargethatperson.W:Maybeso.ButItrustthisman.Hehasdonesomeworkformeinthepastandhispricesseemedtobefair.M:Oh,that’sgoodtoknow.MaybeI’lltryusinghiminthefuture.Bytheway,doyouneedaridehomeafterclasstoday?15.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Themechanicmighttrytooverchargeher.B.There’ssomethingwrongwithhercar.C.Goodmechanicsarenotavailable.答案B16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermechanic?A.Hetakesadvantageofher.B.Heisreliable.C.Heoverchargesher.答案B17.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inaschool. B.Inashop. C.Inapark.答案A听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。M:Mary,Iusuallymissveryimportantdatesandfeelconfused.Haveyoueverforgottenanappointmentatthedoctor’sorbeenlateingettingtoyourparttimejob?W:Occasionally,butI’dliketoshowyoumytips.Surethatthesedifficultieshappentoeverybody.However,youcanavoidsuchproblemsifyouwriteoutschedules.Theywillhelpyoutofindouthowmuchtimeyouhavetodothethingsthatareimportantaswellasthosethatarefun.Amasterschedulecanbeusedtofindouthowmuchtimeyoureallyhaveforactivities.Thisschedulelistsalloftheactivitiesthatmustplete.Aweeklyschedulecanalsobeusedtohelpyouplantimeforthethingsthatyoureallyliketodo.Yourweeklyscheduleshouldincludetimeforactivities.Italsoshouldincludeactivitiesthatwillhelpyoutoachievelifetime,longtermandshorttermgoals.Finally,itshouldincludeyourstudytimeandfreetime.Freetimeisnecessarysothatyoucanmakeneededchangesinyourschedule.Adailyscheduleisafinalsuggestiontohelpyouplanyourtime.18.Howmanydifferentschedulesarementioned?A.Five. B.Four. C.Three.答案C19.Whatcanyouuseyourdailyscheduletodo?A.Toachievethelongtermgoals.B.Toplanthetimewell.C.Toachieveshorttermgoals.答案B20.Whatdoes“amasterschedule”mean?A.Aschedulewithalltheimportantthingsandtimeusedtofinishit.B.Ascheduleyoumaketoyourself.C.Ascheduleyoumakeforyourboss.答案A第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。A(2020·天津高考)Forpeoplewhoareinterestedinsound,thefieldofsoundtechnologyisdefinitelymakingnoise.Inthepast,soundengineersworkedinthebackroomsofrecordingstudios,butmanyoftoday’ssoundprofessionalsaresharingtheirknowledgeandexperiencewithprofessionalsinotherfieldstocreatenewproductsbasedonthephenomenonwecallsound.Soundcanbeusedasaweapon.Imaginethatapoliceofficerischasingathief.Thethieftriestoescape.Andtheofficercan’tlethimgetaway.Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton.Thethiefdropstotheground.ThisnewweaponiscalledaLongRangeAcousticDevice(LRAD,远程定向声波发射器).Itproducesadeafeningsoundsopainfulthatittemporarilydisablesaperson.ThenoisefromtheLRADisdirectedlikearayoflightandtravelsonlyintotheearsofthatperson,butitisnotdeadly.Forthosewhohungerforsomepeaceandquiet,soundcannowcreatesilence.Let’ssayyouareattheairport,andthelittleboyontheseatnexttoyouishumming(哼唱)ashortmercialsong.Hehumsitoverandoveragain,andyouareabouttogocrazy.ThankstotheSilenceMachine,aBritishinvention,youcangetridofthesoundwithoutupsettingtheboyorhisparents.OnemaywonderhowtheSilenceMachineworks.Well,itfunctionsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheiningsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.Thetwosetsofwavescanceleachotherout.Simplyturnthemachineon,pointitatthetarget,andyourpeaceandquietesback.Directedsoundisanewtechnologythatallowspaniestousesoundinmuchthesamewayspotlights(聚光灯)areusedinthetheater.Aspotlightlightsuponlyonesectionofastage;similarly,a“spotsound”createsacircleofsoundinonetargetedarea.Thiscanbeusefulforbusinessessuchasrestaurantsandstoresbecauseitoffersanewwaytoattractcustomers.Restaurantscanofferachoiceofmusicalongwiththevariousfoodchoicesonthemenu,allowingcustomersmorecontrolovertheatmosphereinwhichtheyaredining.Directedsoundisalsobeginningtoappearinshoppingcentersandevenathomes.21.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph2abouttheeffectoftheLRAD?A.Itcausestemporaryhearingloss.B.Itslowsdownarunningman.C.Itmakesiteasytoidentifyasuspect.D.Itkeepsthesuspectfromhurtingothers.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句内容可推知,LRAD能造成当事人暂时性听力丧失,但并不致命。22.Whatfeaturedospotsoundsandspotlightsshare?A.Theytravelincircles.B.Theycleartheatmosphere.C.Theycanbetransformedintoenergy.D.Theycanbedirectedontoaspecificarea.答案D解析细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句内容可知,两者的相同之处在于,它们都集中在一个特定的区域。23.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A.Howprofessionalsinventedsoundproducts.B.Inventionsinthefieldofsoundtechnology.C.Thegrowinginterestinthestudyofsound.D.Howsoundengineersworkintheirstudios.答案B解析主旨大意题。通读全文内容,并结合第一段内容可知,这篇文章主要介绍了在声音技术领域的一些发明。BIleftEnglandforSydneyinSeptember.Itwasacareermoveformyhusband,andour20yearolddaughterwasfeelingadventurousanddecidedtoe,too.However,justbeforeleavingEngland,my79yearoldmothersufferedastroke(中风).Beingstrongandindependent,shecontinuedtoliveathomewiththehelpofsocialservices.Butshecouldn’tlookafterthegarden.Ithoughthowwonderfulitwouldbeiftherewasanorganizationofferingvolunteerhelp.FriendsaskedmewhatIplannedtodoinAustralia,andItoldthemIwouldbelookingforavolunteerpositionwithagardeningorganization.ImaginemysurprisewhenIfoundjusttheorganizationIhadbeenlookingfor—EasyCareGardening(ECG)!ThereareseveralreasonswhyIvolunteerforECG.Firstly,asanewertoAustraliaImeetmanygreatpeoplewho,likeme,volunteersomeoftheirtime.Wecoveralargeagerange,butalllovegardensandhelpingothers.Secondly,throughworkingwithECGIhavebeenluckyenoughtoexploreSydney’sNorthShorethatImightnothavehadtheopportunitytovisitotherwise.Finally,thereareallthosewonderfulpeoplewhowecall“clients(客户)”,butaremorelikefriendswhenwevisitthemoftenandhelpwiththeirgardens.WhatgreatpeopleIhavemet,andstoriestheyhavetotell—thefamilyhistories,wheretheyefromandthereasonsforimmigratingtoAustralia.Ifinditaprivilege(特权)tohaveaccesstoprivategardenswhich,inmanycases,havebeenthejoyoftheirownersformanyyears.Eachoneisindividualandreflectsthecharacter,needsandthehistoryofeachfamily.Indeed,thegardensreflectthehistoricalbackgroundofSydney.24.WhydidtheauthormovetoSydney?A.Sheplannedtovolunteerthere.B.Herhusbandwouldworkthere.C.Shewasverykeenonadventures.D.Shehadtolookafterhersickmother.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Itwasacareermoveformyhusband”可知,作者移居悉尼是因为她丈夫的工作变动,故选B项。25.Whatmadetheauthorchoosetobeagardeningvolunteer?A.Herownexperience.B.Thetipsofherfriends.C.ThepopularityofECG.D.Hergardeningskills.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However,justbeforeleavingEngland,my79yearoldmothersufferedastroke(中风)...Butshecouldn’tlookafterthegarden.Ithoughthowwonderfulitwouldbeiftherewasanorganizationofferingvolunteerhelp.”可知,作者的母亲因为中风无法照料花园,因此作者希望有一个能提供园艺志愿服务的组织。所以,作者选择成为一名园艺志愿者是因为她自己的经历。故选A项。26.WhatdothevolunteersatECGhaveinmon?A.Theymakefriendswiththeirclients.B.TheyliketoexploreSydney’sNorthShore.C.Theyareofsimilarageandbackground.D.Theyarekindheartedwiththesameinterest.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Wecoveralargeagerange,butalllovegardensandhelpingothers.”可知,ECG的志愿者虽然年龄跨度很大,但是都热爱花园和帮助他人。D项“他们都很热心肠,有着同样的爱好。”符合文意,故选D项。27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“one”inParagraph4referto?A.Client. B.Reason. C.Garden. D.Joy.答案C解析代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的前一句“Ifinditaprivilegetohaveaccesstoprivategardenswhich,inmanycases,havebeenthejoyoftheirownersformanyyears.”可知,作者觉得能够进入私人花园是一种特权,在许多情况下,私人花园都是花园主人的乐趣所在。根据语境和画线词所在句的前后句子中的“gardens”可知,“one”指的就是“garden”,故选C项。CCharlesDarwinlivedanunusuallyquietlife.In1842,DarwinandhiswifeEmmamovedfromLondontoKentinsouthernEnglandtohaveaslittledisturbance(烦扰)aspossible.Theyalreadyhadtwochildrenthen,andwouldgoontohaveeightmoreinthecountry.Darwinhadveryregular(有规律的)habits.Heroseearlyandwentforawalk.Afterbreakfastheworkedinhisstudyuntil9:30am,hismostproductivetimeoftheday,andthenreadhisletterslyingonthesofabeforereturningtowork.Atmiddayhewouldgoforanotherwalkwithhisdog,stoppingathisgreenhousetoinspect(查看)hisexperiments.Thenhewouldgoforanotherwalkaroundanareaofwoodland.Whilewalkingonhis“thinkingpath”,Darwinwouldconsiderhisunsolvedscientificproblems.Afterlunchhereadthenewspaperandwroteletters.Hisnetworkoffriendsprovidedinformationfromallcornersoftheworld.TheDarwinswerenotverystrictparentsandthechildrenwerealwaysseenrunningwild.Theirfatherworkedpatientlytoabackgroundofplayfulshoutsandlittlefootstepswalkingpasthisstudydoor.AfterdinnerDarwinplayedbackgammon(agamefortwopeopletoplay)withhiswife.Heoncewrote,“Nowtheresultwithmywifeinbackgammonstandslikethis:she...haswononly2,490games,whileIhavewon,hurrah(acheerofjoyorvictory),hurrah,2,795games!”Althoughhehadpoorhealth,Darwincontinuedtopublish(出版)alotofcreativeworksuntilhisfinalbookin1881cameout.Hediedthefollowingyear,aged73.Ratherthanaquietspaceinthelocalchurchyard,whichhecalled“thesweetestplaceonEarth”,Darwinwasgivenastatefuneral(国葬)inLondon’sWestminsterAbbey.28.WhydidtheDarwinsmovetoKent?A.Todomoreexperiments.B.Tocuttheircostofliving.C.Toenjoymorepeacefulness.D.Tobetogetherwiththeirchildren.答案C解析推理判断题。由第一段中的“movedfromLondontoKentinsouthernEnglandtohaveaslittledisturbanceaspossible”可知,达尔文夫妇搬家是为了免受外界的打扰,以享受更多的宁静。29.WhatdidDarwindoeveryday?A.Hestudiedinthewoods.B.Hestartedtoworkat9:30am.C.Hewrotelettersinthemorning.D.Heexaminedhisexperiments.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“Atmiddayhewouldgoforanotherwalkwithhisdog,stoppingathisgreenhousetoinspecthisexperiments.”可知,达尔文每天会去查看实验的进展情况。30.WhatdidDarwin’schildrenprobablythinkofhim?A.Strict. B.Warm. C.Cold. D.Brave.答案B解析推理判断题。由第五段中的“Theirfatherworkedpatientlytoabackgroundofplayfulshoutsandlittlefootstepswalkingpasthisstudydoor.”可推知,在孩子们眼里,父亲达尔文应该很温和。31.Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A.Darwin’sscientificachievements.B.Darwin’sunusualstatefuneral.C.Darwin’spersonallife.D.Darwin’slargefamily.答案C解析主旨大意题。首段第一句即文章主旨句“CharlesDarwinlivedanunusuallyquietlife.”。本文描写了英国著名科学家达尔文宁静的个人生活。DStephenHawkingisperhapstheworld’smostfamouslivingphysicist.Tothepublic,he’sbestknownasanauthorofbestsellerssuchasTheUniverseinaNutshellandABriefHistoryofTime,whichhavebroughtanappreciationoftheoretical(理论上的)physicstomillions.Heisregardedashavingoneofthebrightestmindsontheplanet.Butoutstandingastrophysicist(天体物理学家)StephenHawkinghasadmittedthathedidnotlearntoreaduntilhewaseightyearsold.InapubliclectureattheRoyalAlbertHall,ProfessorHawkingalsoadmittedthathewasnotactiveinstudyingwhileatOxfordUniversity,wherehestudiedphysics,andthatonlythenewsthathemightdieyoungfrommotorneurone(运动神经元)diseasemadehimfocusonhiswork.ProfessorHawkingsaid,“MysisterPhilippacouldreadbytheageof4butthenshewasbrighterthanme.”Hesaidthathewasmonatschoolandwasneverfurtherthanhalfwayuphisclass.“Myclassworkwasveryuntidy,andmyhandwritingwasverybadintheteachers’eyes,”hesaid.“ButmyclassmatesgavemethenameEinstein,soprobablytheysawsignsofsomethingbetter.”Buthesaidthatitwaswhendoctorstoldhimthatheprobablyonlyhadafewyearstoliveattheageof21thathebegantofocusonhiswork,whichresultedinsomeofhisearlyachievements.Hesaid,“Whenyouarefacedwiththepossibilityofanearlydeath,itmakesyourealizethatlifeisworthlivingandtherearelotsofthingsyouwanttodo.”HawkingservesasLucasianProfessorofMathematicsattheUniversityofCambridge,wherehecontinuestocontributetobothhighlevelphysicsandthepopularunderstandingofouruniverse.32.WhenStephenHawkingstudiedinOxfordUniversity,hewas.

A.clever B.lazyC.bright D.mean答案B解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“ProfessorHawkingalsoadmittedthathewasnotactiveinstudyingwhileatOxfordUniversity”可知,他在大学里学习并不积极主动,故选B项。33.WhatmadeStephenHawkingdevotehimselftohiswork?A.Patience. B.Knowledge.C.Disease. D.Laziness.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段“InapubliclectureattheRoyalAlbertHall,ProfessorHawkingalsoadmittedthathewasnotactiveinstudyingwhileatOxfordUniversity,wherehestudiedphysics,andthatonlythenewsthathemightdieyoungfrommotorneurone(运动神经元)diseasemadehimfocusonhiswork.”可知,是“运动神经元疾病”促使他有所作为。故选C项。34.FromwhomdidHawkinggetafairjudgmentwhenhewasatschool?A.Hissister. B.Hisclassmates.C.Histeachers. D.Hisparents.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ButmyclassmatesgavemethenameEinstein,soprobablytheysawsignsofsomethingbetter.”可知,尽管老师不看好他,同学们仍给他“爱因斯坦”的绰号,他们看到了霍金身上优秀的一面。故选B项。35.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Hawkingdidn’trealizehisdreamsinphysics.B.Hawkingsucceededinoveringthefearofanearlydeath.C.Thepurposeofthedoctorwastoencouragehimtoworkhard.D.ThedoctorwarnedHawkingthathislifemightbetakenawaybyhardwork.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,霍金有可能要面对英年早逝的不幸事实,但是他没有被这个不幸的消息吓到,而是努力战胜疾病,取得了很大的成就。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenyoulearnanewsubject,youmayalwaysconsiderhowmuchtimeyouneedtotrulyunderstanditall.Herewegiveyousomeadviceabouthowtostudy,soyou’llbeabletotakeonmoreinformationwithshorterstudysessions(时段).•Studyinsmallsessions.Ourabilitytostoretheinformationwetakereduces(降低)afteraround30minutes,soyou’dbettercutyourstudyingsessionsintosmallerparts.36

•Findastudyarea.Don’tstudyinaplacewhereyousleep!Don’tstudyinyourbed,whereyouplaygames,orinfrontoftheTV.Why?37Youneedtoprogramyourmindtostudyinaplacewhereyoualwaysstudy.

•Takegoodnotes.38Andreviewthemafterclasstoincreaseyourunderstanding.

•39Tobeagoodstudent,youshouldbeagoodteacher.Youcannotteachsomethingyoudonotknow.

•Readyourtextbookeffectively(有效地).AlwaysusetheSQ3Rmethod.Youneedtosurvey,question,read,recite(背诵),reviewtoactively,remembertheinformation.40

A.Trainyourmind.B.Justreadingitisnotenough.C.Bereadytoteachwhatyou’velearned.D.It’sagoodideatostudyinafamiliarplace.E.Youcandosomefunactivitiesduringyourbreaks.F.Findanotetakingmethodthatworksbestforyou.G.Doingsowillonlymixupyourmindastowhattodo.答案36~40EGFCB第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.ThedayarrivedwhenIwastobetestedtoseeifIcould41toahigherlevelclass.

Fifteenofuswereto42swimmingfromonesideofthepooltotheotherandback.Iwatchedasmy43,onebyone,triedandfailed.Thenitwasmyturnto44,Imean,myturntotrytopassthetest.ItwasabouthalfwaywhenIgot45.Iimmediatelystoppedand46thesideofthepool,endingmytest.Ourinstructor,acollegestudent,wasstandingaboveme.“Whydidyou47?”heasked,inalessthan48voice.“Igotwaterinmynose,”I49.

That’swhenthiscollegestudent50meoneoflife’sgreatlessons,51heprobablyneverrealizedthat.Bendingdown,heshouted,“So?”

“So?”The52shockedme.Ithadjustseemed53tomethattheanswertopainwastoremovethethingcausingthe54.Mynineyearoldbrainhadnotunderstoodthefactthatavaluable55isworthachieving,howeverdifficulttogetthere.Recognizingthat,Iwas56nothingwouldkeepmefrompletingthetest.Infact,Ididitrather57onmynextattempt.Seeingme58thetest,almostalltheothersdidsoaswell.

Lifeisajourney,andtheroadwon’t59beeasy.Wehavetofocusonthefinaldestination,notthe60alongtheroad.

41.A.skip B.refer C.advance D.add答案C解析作者讲述了自己九岁的时候游泳考试的一段经历。挖空处所在句子表示作者要参加游泳考试以便确认能否“升级到”更高一个层次的课程,advanceto“达到(某地等),前进到”符合语境。42.A.taketurns B.insistonC.takerisks D.putoff答案A解析根据下一句中的“onebyone”可知,作者和同学们是“轮流”进行考试的,taketurnsdoingsth.“轮流做某事”符合语境。insiston“坚持”;takerisks“冒险”;putoff“推迟”。43.Apetitors B.classmatesC.students D.instructors答案B解析根据首段首句“Attheageofnine,Iwastakingswimminglessonsatapool.”可知,作者参加了一个游泳班,由此可知,作者观看的是“同班同学”轮流考试,所以答案是classmates。petitor“竞争者”;student“学生”;instructor“指导者”。44.A.show B.leave C.fail D.observe答案C解析上文讲到,作者眼看着他的同学们一个跟着一个进行游泳考试,但都失败了,接下来,轮到自己“失败”了,所以答案是fail。show“显示,显出”;leave“离开”;observe“观察”。45.A.injured B.blamed C.trapped D.choked答案D解析根据下文中的“Igotwaterinmynose”可知,作者在游泳考试中被水“呛”着了,getchoked“被呛着了”。由此可知答案是choked。getinjured“受伤”;getblamed“被责备”;gettrapped“被困住”。46.A.pushed B.pressedC.grabbed D.controlled答案C解析作者被水呛到后马上停止了游泳,“抓住”了泳池的边,结束了考试。grab“抓住”符合语境。push“推”;press“按,压”;control“控制”。47.A.stop B.bend C.fear D.stand答案A解析作者因为被水呛着而停止了游泳考试,抓住了泳池的边,此时,他的教练,一个大学生,正站在他的上方,问他为什么“停止”。所以答案是stop。48.A.surprised B.pitiful C.annoyed D.cold答案B解析作者因为被水呛着而停止了考试,抓住了泳池的边。结合下文可知,此时,教练用毫不“同情的”声音问作者:“你为什么不游了?”所以答案是pitiful“同情的”。surprised“吃惊的”;annoyed“烦恼的”;cold“冷淡的,不友好的”。49.A.explained B.reacted C.declined D.urged答案A解析当教练用毫不同情的声音质问作者为什么停止游泳的时候,作者“解释”说:“我的鼻子进水了。”所以答案是explained“解释”。react“反应”;decline“拒绝,谢绝”;urge“敦促”。50.A.delivered B.owed C.taught D.promised答案C解析teachsb.alesson是固定短语,意思是“给某人一个教训”,符合语境,所以答案是taught。deliver“递送”;owe“欠”;promise“许诺”。51.A.sothat B.asif C.incase D.evenif答案D解析作者感慨,这个大学生,也就是教练,给了他人生中一个很大的教训,“虽然”他(教练)很可能并没有意识到这一点。evenif“虽然,即使”符合语境。sothat“以便”;asif“好像”;incase“以防”。52.A.problem B.excuse C.question D.voice答案C解析表示这个“问题”使作者很吃惊,所以答案是blem“难题”;excuse“理由,借口”;voice“声音”。53.A.logical B.illegalC.unnecessary D.impossible答案A解析在作者看来,解决痛苦的办法就是清除引起“不适”的事物,这似乎是“合乎逻辑的”,所以答案是logical“合乎逻辑的”。illegal“违法的”;unnecessary“没必要的”;impossible“不可能的”。54.A.disaster B.disfortC.damage D.fear答案B解析参见上题解析。disaster“灾难”;disfort“不舒服,不适”;damage“破坏,毁坏”;fear“害怕”。55.A.result B.advantageC.goal D.task答案C解析作者九岁的脑袋此前还不明白这个事实:一个有价值的“目标”是值得实现的,无论实现它有多么难。goal“目标”符合语境。result“结果”;advantage“优势,长处”;task“任务”。56.A.concerned B.sensitiveC.embarrassed D.sure答案D解析作者意识到无论多么难,一个有价值的目标是值得实现的之后,“确信”什么也阻挡不了自己完成这次考试。sure“确信的,有把握的”符合语境。concerned“担心的”;sensitive“敏感的”;embarrassed“难堪的”。57.A.slowly B.easilyC.clumsily D.eagerly答案B解析作者在坚定了信心之后,在下一次的尝试中,很“轻易地”通过了考试,所以答案是easily“容易地,轻易地”。slowly“缓慢地”;clumsily“笨拙地”;eagerly“热切地,渴望地”。58.A.attend B.take C.give D.pass答案D解析根据第二段中的“myturntotrytopassthetest”及该段中的“Ididitratheronmynextattempt”可知选D项。

59.A.always B.sometimesC.ever D.seldom答案A解析生活如同一次旅行,道路不会“总是”平坦的。所以答案是always“总是”。sometimes“有时候”;ever“曾经”;seldom“很少”。60.A.sights B.barriersC.surprises D.harvests答案B解析我们要关注最终的目的地,而不是沿途的“障碍”。所以答案是barrier“障碍”。sight“景象”;surprise“令人惊奇的事物”;harvest“收获”。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020·全国Ⅰ高考)Chinahasbeethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang’e4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoo