病原生物学（微生物部分）题库：050

1.细菌的遗传物质包括____c________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.核质和质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.核质、质粒和附加体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.核质、质粒和前噬菌体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.核质和前噬菌体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.核质、附加体和前噬菌体2.与细菌致育性有关的因子是_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.R决定因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.F因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.V因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.X因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.Col因子3.有关质粒的叙述不正确的是______b_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.质粒是细菌核质以外的遗传物质HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.质粒是细菌必备结构HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.质粒能在胞浆中自行复制HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.与某些细菌的耐药性有关HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.质粒可独立存在于细菌体内4.有关耐药性质粒的描述错误的一项是______d_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.由耐药传递因子(RTF)和耐药决定因子组成HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.RTF和F质粒的功能相似，编码细菌性菌毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.R质粒的转移是造成细菌间耐药性传播的主要原因HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.细菌耐药性的产生是由于R质粒基因突变所致HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.耐药决定因子可编码细菌多重耐药性5.转化过程中受体菌摄取供体菌遗传物质的方式是____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.胞饮HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.通过性菌毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.通过噬菌体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.细胞融合HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.直接摄取6.关于耐药性突变，下列叙述错误的是：______d_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.可以自然发生HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.可以诱导发生HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.具有相对稳定性HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.可由噬菌体介导发生HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.是在接触抗生素之前已经发生7.溶原性转换：_____d_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.由R质粒参与HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.由性菌毛介导HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.由毒性噬苗体参与HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.由温和噬菌体参与HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.是受体菌直接摄取供体菌的DNA片段8.能产生外毒索的白喉杆菌，是因为其有_______e_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.R质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.F质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.Vi质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Col质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.前噬菌体9.细菌转导和溶源性转换的共同特点是_____d_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.需质粒参与HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.需性菌毛参与HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.需毒性噬菌体介导HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.需温和噬菌体介导HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.共体菌和受体菌直接接触10.关于R质粒，叙述错误的是_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.R质粒是编码细菌耐药的基因HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.一种R质粒只含有针对一种抗生素的耐药基因HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.R质粒可分为结合性R质粒和非结合性R质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.结合性R质粒是由耐药传递因子和耐药决定因子组成HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.非结合性R质粒可经转化或转导方式进入受体菌11.编码细菌毒力的质粒是_____c______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.F质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.结合性质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.Vi质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.R质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.Col质粒12.BCG是结核杆菌的变异株，这种变异属于_____c_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.形态结构的变异HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.菌落的变异HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.毒力的变异HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.耐药性的变异HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.对理化因素抵抗力的变异13.下列哪项是预防耐药菌株产生和扩散的主要措施_____e______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.大剂量使用抗生素HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.少量多次使用抗生素HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.使用广谱抗生素HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.多种抗生素长期联合使用HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.根据药敏实验合理使用抗生素14.局限性转导与噬菌体生活周期的哪个时期有关______b____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.溶原期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.溶原期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.溶菌期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.溶菌期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.裂解期15.普遍性转导与噬菌体生活周期哪个时期有关_____c_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.溶原期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.溶原期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.溶菌期晚期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.溶菌期早期HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.裂解期16.因长期使用广谱性抗生素引起假膜性肠炎，细菌多是______c_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.空肠弯曲菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.霍乱弧菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.金黄色葡萄球菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.甲型溶血性链球菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.致病性大肠杆菌17.条件致病性微生物是___a_________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.白假丝酵母菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.乙型溶血性链球菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.白喉棒状杆菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.钩端螺旋体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.沙眼衣原体18.R因子最常见的转移途径是_____c_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.转化HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.转导HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.接合HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.原生质体融合HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.溶原性转换19.下列那种因子不是质粒_____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Col因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.R因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.性因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Vi因子HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.转移因子20.WhichofthefollowingeventsisMOSTlikelytobeduetobacterialconjugation?_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.AstrainofCorynebacteriumdiphtheriaeproducesatoxinencodedbyaprophageHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.AstrainofPseudomasaeruginosaproduces,β-lactamaseencodedbyaplasmidsimilartoaplasmidofanothergram-negaiveorganismHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.AnencapsulatedstrainofStreptococcuspneumoniaeacquiresthegeneforcapsuleformationfromanextractofDNAfromanotherencapsulatedstrainHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.AgeneencodingresistancetogentamicinintheEscherichiacoilchromosomeappearsinthegenomeofavirulentbacteriophagethathasinfectedEcoli21.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthemechanismsofresistancetoantimicrobialdrugsiscorrectEXCEPT:_______d_____。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.RfactorareplasmidsthatcarrythegenesforenzymeswhichmodifyoneormoredrugsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.ResistancetosomedrugsisduetoachromosomalmutaionthataltersthereceptorforthedrugHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.ResistancetosomedrugsisduetotransposongenesthatcodeforenzymeswhichinactivatethedrugHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Resistancegenesarerarelytransferredbyconjugation22.内毒素的毒性部分是_____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.特异性多糖HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.脂多糖HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.核心多糖