病原生物学（微生物部分）题库：010

1.G+菌的细胞壁的特点是_____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.较疏松HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.无磷壁酸HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.有脂多糖HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.有脂蛋白HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.肽聚糖含量多2.溶菌酶溶菌作用的机制是____a________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.切断肽聚糖的聚糖支架HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.抑制四肽侧连与五肽交联桥的联结HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.干扰细菌DNA的复制HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.干扰细菌蛋白质的合成HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.损害细胞膜3.青霉素的抗菌机制是____b________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.切断肽聚糖的聚糖支架HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.抑制四肽侧连与五肽交联桥的联结HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.干扰细菌DNA的复制HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.干扰细菌蛋白质的合成HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.损害细胞膜4.普通菌毛是细菌的一种____e________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.细长波状的丝状物HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.运动器官HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.多糖质HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.可传递遗传物质的器官HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.粘附结构5.抵抗力最强的细菌结构是____a________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.芽胞HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.外膜HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.鞭毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.核糖体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.细胞壁6.革兰染色所用染液的顺序是____c________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.稀释复红，碘液，乙醇，结晶紫HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.结晶紫，乙醇，碘液，稀释复红HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.结晶紫，碘液，乙醇，稀释复红HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.稀释复红，乙醇，结晶紫，碘液HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.稀释复红，结晶紫，碘液，乙醇7.革兰阴性菌无_____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.核糖体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.菌毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.荚膜HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.芽胞8.关于细胞壁的功能，下列哪项是错误的____d________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.维持菌体固有的形态HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.保护细菌抵抗低渗环境HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.有助于维持菌体内离子的平衡HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.是细菌的运动器官HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.决定细菌菌体的抗原性9.关于细菌L型的特性，下列错误的是____e________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.高度多形性HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.革兰染色阴性HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.去除抑制物后，可回复原有形态HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.仍有一定致病力HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.在低渗高琼脂培养基上生长10.关于荚膜的功能，下列各项错误的是____e________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.抗吞噬作用HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.抗补体作用HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.抗抗体作用HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.抗干燥作用HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.抗黏附作用11.下列不属于细菌特殊结构的是____b________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.荚膜HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.质粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.鞭毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.菌毛HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.芽胞12.下列不属于细菌基本形态的是____d________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.球菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.杆菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.螺形菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.梨形菌HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.弧菌13.细菌的大小的测量单位是____b________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.毫米HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.微米HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.纳米HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.微微米HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.以上都不是14.质粒是细菌的____e________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.核质DNAHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.胞质中核蛋白体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.异染颗粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.中介体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.核质外DNA15.关于细菌细胞壁的功能，叙述错误的是_____c_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.保持一定的形状HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.控制渗透压HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.抵抗青霉素HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.参与物质交换HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.有噬菌体受体16.细菌性菌毛的主要功能是____c________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.运动HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.致病力HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.接合HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.粘附HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.抵抗力17.细菌细胞膜与真核细胞膜不同之处在于___d_________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.磷脂HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.甘油HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.糖脂HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.固醇类物质HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.脂肪酸18.与细菌致病力有关的结构是____e________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.芽胞HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.异染颗粒HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.中介体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.核蛋白体HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.菌毛19.Eachoftehfollowingstatementsconcerningbacterialsporesiscorrectexcept______a______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.TheirsurvivalabilityisbasedontheirenhancedmetabolicactivityHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.Theyareformedbygram-positiverodsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.Theycanbekilledbybeingheatedto121for15miniutesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Theycontainmuchlesswaterthanbacterialcells20.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningendotoxinsiscorrectexcept____c________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Theyarelesspotent(ie,lessactiveonaweightbasis)thanexotoxinsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.TheyaremorestableonheatingthanexotoxinHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.Theybindtospecificcellreceptors,whereasexotoxinsdonotHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Theyarepartofthebacterialcellwall,whereasexotoxinsarenot21.Whichoneofthestatementsisthemostaccuratecomparisonofhuman,bacterial,andfungalcell?____d________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Humancellundergomitosis,whereasneitherbacterianorfungidoHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.Humanandfungalcellshaveasimilarcellwall,incontrasttobacteria,whosecellwallcontainspeptidoglycanHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.Humananbacterialcellshaveplasmids,whereasfungalcellsdonotHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Humanandfungalcellshavesimilarribosomes,whereasbacterialribosomesaredifferent22.Eachofthefollowingisatypicalpropertyofobligateanaerobesexpect______a______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.TheygenerateenergybyusingthecytochromesystemeHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.TheygrowbestintheabsenceofairHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.TheylacksuperoxidedismutaseHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Theylackcatalase23.Themainhostdefenseagainstbacterialexotoxinsis_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.activatedmacrophagessecretingproteasesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.IgGandIgMantibodiesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.helperTcellsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.modulationofhostcellreceptorsinresponsetotoxin24.EachofthefollowingeventsinvolvesrecombinationofDNAexcept:_____d_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.transductionofachromosomalgeneHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.transpositionofamobilegeneticelementHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1egrationofatemperatebacteriophageHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.conjugation,eg,transgerofaR(resistance)factor25.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthenormalfloraiscorrectexcept:____b________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.ThemostcommonorganismfoundontheskinisStaphylococcusepidermidisHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.EscherichiacoliisaprominentmemberofthenormalfloraofthethroatHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.ThemajorsitewhereBacteroidesfragilisisfoundisthecolonHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Oneofthemostcommonsitewherestaphylococcusaureusisfoundisthenose26.ofthefollowingchoices,themostimportantfunctionofantibodyinhostdefensesagainstbacteriais______c______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.activationoflysozymethatdegradesthecellwallHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.accelerationofproteolysisofexotoxinsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.facilitationofphagocytosisHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.inhibitionofbacterialproteinsynthesis27.SITEOFACTIVITYforPenicillin______b______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.IntegrityofthecellwallHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.SynthesisofthecellwallHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.SynthesisofproteinsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Noneoftheabove28.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforStreptococcuspneumoniae____a________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Anti-phagocyticcapsuleHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.ProductionoftoxinsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.InvasionoftissuesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Intracellulargrowth29.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforBacterialpharyngitis__c_________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Cell-mediatedresponseHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.Anti-toxinantibodiesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.OpsonizingantibodiesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Normalflora30.MOSTIMPORTANTVIRULENCEFACTORforPseudomembranouscolitis____d________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Cell-mediatedresponseHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.Anti-toxinantibodiesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.OpsonizingantibodiesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Normalflora31.MOSTIMPORTANTHOSTDEFENSEMECHANISMforMaltafever___a_________。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.Cell-mediatedresponseHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.Anti-toxinantibodiesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.OpsonizingantibodiesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Normalflorazzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz.EachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningtheGramstainiscorrectexcept______c______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.EscherichiacolistainspinkbecauseithasathinpeptidoglycanlayerHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.streptococcuspyogenesstainbluebecauseithasathickpeptidoglycanlayerHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.MycobacteriumtuberculosisstainsbluebecauseithasathicklipidlayerHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Mycoplasmapneumoniaeisn'tvisibleintheGramstainbecauseitdoesn'thaveacellwall.33.Eachofthefollowingstatementsconcerningthekillingofbacteriaiscorrectexcept______d______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.LysozymeintearscanhydrolyzebacterialcellwallsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.SilvernitratecaninactivatebacterialenzymesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.DetergentscandisruptbacterialcellmembranesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.Ultravioletlightcandegradebacterialcapsules34.IntheGramstain,thedecolorizationofgramnegativebacteriabyalcoholismostcolselyrelatedto_____b_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1teinsencodedbyFplamidsHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.lipidsinthecellwallHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.70SribosomesHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.branchedpolysaccharidesinthecapsule35."菌落"是指_____c_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.不同种细菌在培养基上生长繁殖而形成肉眼可见的细胞集团HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.细菌在培养基上生长繁殖而形成肉眼可见的细胞集团HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.．一个细菌在培养基上生长繁殖而形成肉眼可见的细胞集团HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1d.一个细菌细胞HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1e.从培养基上脱落的细胞36.Bacterialsporeisbacterial_____e_______。HTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1a.vegetativestrctureHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1b.structurerelatedtophagocytosisHTMLCONTROLForms.HTML:Option.1c.str