非谓语动词-过去分词的用法

非谓语动词-过去分词的用法第一页，共74页。动词-ed形式作定语动词-ed形式作表语动词-ed形式作补语动词-ed形式作状语第一页第二页，共74页。过去分词作定语,表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系。单一的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前;过去分词短语作定语放在被修饰之后,过去分词及过去分词短语作定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。动词-ed形式作定语第二页第三页，共74页。①及物动词的过去分词作定语除表示“完成”的动作之外,还表示“被动”的意义。如：spokenEnglish；icedbeer；cookedfood;friedchips;

不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作,而不表示“被动”意义。如:boiledwater;fallenleaves，therisensun等。

1.Thetallmanisareturnedstudent．

2.Myparentsarebothretiredteachers．

第三页第四页，共74页。Thegroundiscoveredby_________

(fall)leaves.fallen

PastParticipleusedasattribute

第四页第五页，共74页。Sheisdrinking_________(boil)water.boiledSheisdrinkingthewaterwhichwas

boiled.第五页第六页，共74页。

②动词-ed形式作定语时，在意思上相当于一个定语从句。

1.Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?

今晚有什么活动吗?

(=thathasbeenplannedfortonight)2.Themeeting,attendedbyalotofpeople,wasasuccess．

这次会议有很多人出席,开得很成功。

(=whichwasattendedbyalotofpeople)

第六页第七页，共74页。破损的窗户很快就会被换掉。______________________willbereplacedsoon.=Thewindowwhichwasbrokenwillbereplacedsoon.昨天买的书确实不错。Thebooks_______________areofhighquality.=thebookswhichwereboughtyesterdayareofhighquality.Thebrokenwindowboughtyesterday第七页第八页，共74页。Completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.terrifiedpeoplepeoplewhoareterrifiedreservedseatsseatswhicharereservedpollutedwaterwaterthatispollutedacrowdedroomaroomthatiscrowdedapleasedwinnerawinnerwhoispleased第八页第九页，共74页。Mostoftheartists

tothepartywerefromSouthAfrica.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.hadbeeninvited2)Thefirsttextbooks

forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written高考题第九页第十页，共74页。3)TheOlympicgames,

in776BC,didn'tincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying4)Pricesofdailyfoods

throughacomputercanbelowerthanpricesinstores.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenbought

D.buying第十页第十一页，共74页。5)Mr.Smith,____ofthespeech,startedtoreada____novel.A.tired,boringB.tiring,boredC.tired,boredD.tiring,boring第十一页第十二页，共74页。

过去分词作表语,表示主语的状态,且该状态通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词,是形容词化的过去分词。如:①I’minterestedinreadingnovelswrittenbyJinYong.②Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved．③Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea．

动词-ed形式作表语第十二页第十三页，共74页。常见的作表语的过去分词有:amused(愉快的)；broken(碎了的)；closed(关闭的)；astonished(吃惊的)；crowded(拥挤的)；experienced(有经验的);delighted(高兴的)；lost(丢失的)；gone(遗失的)；disappointed(失望的)；worried(担忧的)；interested(感兴趣的)tired(疲劳的)pleased(高兴的)；satisfied(满意的)；surprised(吃惊的);married(已婚的)；known(著名的)等等

第十三页第十四页，共74页。

作表语的-ed形式可被much,very,quite等所修饰。Iwasverypleasedatthenews．

听了这消息我很高兴。Hegrewmuchtiredofthework．

他十分厌倦这工作。Heseemedquitedelightedattheidea.

听了这想法他似乎很高兴。第十四页第十五页，共74页。

PastParticipleusedaspredicativeTheshopis_________(close).closed第十五页第十六页，共74页。Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget______(pay)bythehour.

paid第十六页第十七页，共74页。Therearetwoglasseswhichare_______(break).brokenThereare

two

broken

glasses.第十七页第十八页，共74页。astonishedchildrenchildrenwholookastonishedabrokenvaseavasethatisbrokenacloseddooradoorthatisclosedatrappedanimalananimalthatistrappedthetiredaudiencetheaudiencewhofeeltiredCompletethetablewithphrases

thathavethesamemeaning.第十八页第十九页，共74页。1)AswejoinedthebigcrowdIgot____frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed2)Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating高考题第十九页第二十页，共74页。动词-ed形式作补语

能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示“被动”或“完成”意义，作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。

Shefoundthedoorbrokeninwhenshecameback．Mygrandfatherhadhisoldhouserebuilt．第二十页第二十一页，共74页。(1)动词-ed形式可作表示感觉和心理状态的动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括see,hear,watch,notice,feel,find,think,suppose,consider等。Ihaveneverheardhimspokenillofbyothers.我从未听过有人说他的坏话。Shefeltagreatweighttakenoffhermind．她觉得心里轻松了些。Theyconsideredthemattersettled．他们认为这问题解决了。第二十一页第二十二页，共74页。

(2)动词-ed形式可作使役动词的宾语补足语,这类动词包括make,get,have,keep,leave,hold等。Ihavemyhaircutonceamonth．我每个月理一次发。Hewastryingtomakehimselfunderstood．他正努力使别人听懂自己。Sheheldherhandspressedagainstherface.她用双手按着脸。第二十二页第二十三页，共74页。①(请人)把某事做完。

Shehadherhouserepaired．她请人把屋子修好了。Wheredidyouhaveyourhaircut?你在哪儿理的发?“have+宾语+done”结构有三个含义：第二十三页第二十四页，共74页。

②遭遇某种意外情况。Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome．在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。Shehadherwalletstolenyesterday.昨天她的钱包被偷了。第二十四页第二十五页，共74页。

③完成某事(自己也可能参与)。Ihavehadallmyspellingmistakescorrected．我把所有的拼写错误都改正了。Hehashadonethousandyuansavedthisyear．他今年已存了1000元。第二十五页第二十六页，共74页。

(3)动词-ed形式可作表示希望、要求、命令等动词的宾语补足语，这类动词包括like，want,wish,expect,order等”这一类动词的后面作宾语补足语。Hewon’tlikesuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting．他不喜欢在会议上讨论这样的问题。ThestudentswishtheTVserialplays

continued．学生们希望电视连续剧继续播下去。第二十六页第二十七页，共74页。(4)过去分词用在“with+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。Withmanybrightlycoloredflowersplantedaroundthebuilding,hishouselookslikeabeautifulgarden．周围种了许多色彩鲜艳的花,他的房子看上就像一座漂亮的花园。

第二十七页第二十八页，共74页。1.我们发现她变了很多。___________________________________.2.什么使他们这样害怕？_________________________________.3.他不想让这样的问题在会上讨论。

Hewon’tlikesuchquestions_____________________WefoundhergreatlychangedWhatmadethemsofrightened?discussedatthemeeting第二十八页第二十九页，共74页。1)---Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?---I’dliketohavethispackage_____,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed高考题第二十九页第三十页，共74页。2)Themissingboyswerelastseen___neartheriver.A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.played3)Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee____thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout第三十页第三十一页，共74页。4)Mrs.Brownwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachineshehadhad________wentwrongagain.A.itB.itrepairedC.repairedD.toberepaired第三十一页第三十二页，共74页。过去分词作状语可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。过去分词状语相当于状语从句,若过去分词作状语,句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系,即是该分词动作的承受者。动词-ed形式作状语第三十二页第三十三页，共74页。ChinaPavilionWhen

ChinaPavilionisseenfromthedistance,itlookslikeaChinesecrown(皇冠).Whenseen

fromthedistance,ChinaPavilionlookslikeaChinesecrown.第三十三页第三十四页，共74页。

Footprints东方足迹

Becausethetreesweredecoratedwithcolorfullights,theymadeanexcellentimpressiononus.Becausedecoratedwithcolorfullights,

thetrees

madeanexcellentimpressiononus第三十四页第三十五页，共74页。

Ifwearegivenachancetogoonatripbyrailcar,called“tourofwisdom”,weshouldtreasureit.

TheDialogue寻觅之旅If

givenachancetogoonatripbyrailcar,called“tourofwisdom”,weshouldtreasureit.第三十五页第三十六页，共74页。WeenteredSection3–lowcarbonexhibition,aswewerefollowedbyagroupofbeautifulgirlmodels.

TheVision低碳行动Followed

byagroupofbeautifulgirlmodels,WeenteredSection3–lowcarbonexhibition.第三十六页第三十七页，共74页。WhatwefeltafterthetripThough

wewereexhausted,wespentameaningfulandunforgettabletimeinit.

Though

exhausted,wespentameaningfulandunforgettabletimeinit.第三十七页第三十八页，共74页。高考题___inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose2.If___thesametreatmentagain,he’ssuretogetwell.A.givingB.giveC.givenD.beinggiven第三十八页第三十九页，共74页。3._____withthesizeofthewholeearth,thebiggestoceandoesn’tseembigatall.A.CompareB.WhencomparingC.ComparingD.Whencompared4.___inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.A.DressedB.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed第三十九页第四十页，共74页。5.Unless___tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvited6.Theresearchissodesignedthatonce_____nothingcanbedonetochangeit.

A.beginsB.havingbegun

C.beginningD.begun第四十页第四十一页，共74页。7.____forhisexpertadvice,Holmeswasabletohelpagreatnumberofpeoplewiththeirpersonalaffairs.A.HewasknownB.WellknownC.HavingknownD.Beenknown第四十一页第四十二页，共74页。

现在分词与过去分词的区别:①在定语中

现在分词作定语常表示“主动”和“进行”,过去分词则常表示“被动”和“完成”;被修饰的名词一般是现在分词的逻辑主语,是过去分词的逻辑宾语。Iknowthemanstandingthere.主动Isthereanythingplannedfortonight?

被动第四十二页第四十三页，共74页。现在分词:表示正在进行的动作过去分词:表示完成的意思

therisingsun正在升起的太阳therisensun已经升起的太阳

thefallingleaves正在落下的叶子thefallenleaves落叶（已经完成）

boilingwater沸腾的水

boiledwater开水第四十三页第四十四页，共74页。

过去分词和V-ing形式都可以看做一个形容词，但是：

表主动的,进行的，---含有“令人……”之意

表被动的,完成的，---含有“感到……”之意V-ing形式过去分词②在表语中第四十四页第四十五页，共74页。Atthesightofthe________scene,allthepeoplepresentwere_________totears.看到这么动人的情景,所有在场的人都感动得流下了眼泪。movemovedmoving第四十五页第四十六页，共74页。Weget__________whenweseethis__________picture.excitedexcitingexcite第四十六页第四十七页，共74页。amusing,amused;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;puzzling,puzzled;satisfying,satisfied;tiring,tired;pleasing,pleased;astonishing,astonished等。英语中这样的分词还有很多,如：第四十七页第四十八页，共74页。注意:

作表语的过去分词表示状态,构成被动语态的过去分词表示动作:Thebookiswellwritten.(表语)Thebookwaswrittenbyasoldier.(被动语态)第四十八页第四十九页，共74页。③在宾语补足语中现在分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系);过去分词作补足语,被补足的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系)。如:Iheardsomeonecallingme.Iheardmynamecalled. 我听见有人喊我。第四十九页第五十页，共74页。④在状语中

过去分词作状语与现在分词作状语的区别在于:过去分词与句子主语构成动宾关系,而现在分词与句子主语构成主谓关系。Seeingfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitybeautiful.Seenfromthetopofthehill,thecityisverybeautiful.第五十页第五十一页，共74页。实战高考第五十一页第五十二页，共74页。1._______(污染的)airandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.2.Theproblem____________________(在会议上讨论的)yesterdaywasverydifficulttosolve.Polluteddiscussedatthemeeting完成句子。第五十二页第五十三页，共74页。3.Hebecame______(兴奋)whenheheardhehadwonthefirstplaceinthecompetition.4.Iam_________(感兴趣)inthestory.5.Ihaven’tgotthefilm________(冲洗)yet.6.Doyouknowtheman_______(站)besidethedoor?excitedinteresteddevelopedstanding第五十三页第五十四页，共74页。

7.JohnSnowtoldthestoryaboutthe_________(astonish)peopleinBroadStreet.8.Someofthepeople_______(invite)tothepartycouldn’tcome.9.Thereisacar_______(park)outsidethehouse.astonishedinvitedparked第五十四页第五十五页，共74页。

10.Theexperience_______(gain)willbeofgreatvaluetous.11.Theseseatsare_______(reserve)foryou.12.Thelibraryis______(close)onweekends.13.Don’tdrinkthe_______(pollute)water.14.The________(worry)motherlookedather________(worry)son,looking_______(worry).gainedreservedclosedpollutedworriedworryingworried第五十五页第五十六页，共74页。单项选择：1.Youcanmakeyourself______inEnglishprettywellifyoukeeponspeakingthelanguage.understandB.understandingC.tounderstandD.understood2.----Thereisaholeinyourbag.----Iknow.I’mgoingtohaveit________.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemendedDC第五十六页第五十七页，共74页。3.----Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?----Thekey______theproblemistomeetthedemand____bythecustomers.tosolving;makingB.tosolving;madeC.tosolve;makingD.tosolve;made4.Englishisalanguage____allaroundtheworldandisthe_____languageofmostinternationalorganizations.tospeak,workingB.spoken,workingC.speaking,workedD.spoken,workedBB第五十七页第五十八页，共74页。5.A:Whoarethosepeoplewiththebanner?B:Agroup____itselftheLeagueforPeace.A.callingB.callsC.calledD.iscalled6.Therewasaterriblenoise_____asuddenburstoflight.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowedAB第五十八页第五十九页，共74页。7.Howtofeeda____populationisaproblemthatis_____manypeople.growing,troublingB.grown,troubledC.growing,troubledD.grown,troubling8.Hefoundamagazine_____withtheowner’sname_____onthedeskwiththebackcover_____off.marking,lying,tornB.marked,lying,tornC.marked,laid,tearingD.marking,laying,tearingAB第五十九页第六十页，共74页。9.Fromthedates____onthegoldcoin,wedecidedthatitwasmadefivehundredyearsago.A.markingB.markedC.tobemarkedD.havingbeenmarked10.Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents____.A.worriedB.toworryC.worryingD.worry第六十页第六十一页，共74页。11.With____leaves____intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.A.falling;buryingB.fallen;buriedC.fallen;buryingD.falling;buried12.Friendshipislikemoneyeasiermadethan____.A.keptB.tobekeptC.tokeepingD.beingkept第六十一页第六十二页，共74页。13.Don’tusewords,expressionsorphrases____onlytopeoplewithspecificknowledge.A.beingknownB.havingbeenknownC.tobeknownD.known14.Johnrushedoutinahurry,____thedoor____.A.leaving;unlockedB.leaving;unlockingC.left;unlockingD.toleave;unlocking第六十二页第六十三页，共74页。15.Thegirl____forwardtobuyinganewgoldwatch.A.referredtolookB.referredtolookingC.referredtolooksD.referringtolooks16.Thedisc,digitally____inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded第六十三页第六十四页，共74页。17.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningCompany,____as3M.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown18.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit______oftenenough.A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explainedBD第六十四页第六十五页，共74页。19.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome____.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted20.Hetriedto_______inJapanese.A.understandhimselfB.makehimselfunderstandingC.makehimselfunderstoodD.maketounderstand第六十五页第六十六页，共74页。Heglancedoverather,___thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.havingnotedB.notedC.tonoteD.noting22._____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing第六十六页第六十七页，共74页。23.Theflowers______sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt24.____in1636,Harvardis