英文的济南基本概括

济南概况TheOverviewofJiNan尊敬的各位来宾：下边，把济南的情况给大家做一个简单的介绍。Mydistinguishedguests:NowI„dliketogiveyouasimpleintroductionofJiNan.•济南面积和人口等theacreageandpopulationofjinan山东按行政区域划分为17个地市。济南市是山东省的省会城市，是全省的政治、经济、文化、科研、教育、交通等中心。它位于山东省中西部，南边是泰山、北边靠黄河，总面积8177平方公里，辖6区3县1市。济南有常住人口600万，其中城区人口243万。济南的市树为垂柳，市花为荷花。Shandongprovinceisdividedinto17citiesaccordingtotheadministrationregion.JinanasthetheprovincialcapitalcityofShandongprovinceisthecentreofwholeprovinceinpolitics,economies,culture,research,educationandcommunication,andsoon.ItislocatedinthemidwestofShandongprovince,itssouthisMountTaishananditsnorthdependtotheyellowriver.Jinan'stotalareais8177squarekilometers,governing6zones,3countiesandonecity.Ithasapermanentpopulationof6,000,000,amongwhich2,430,000isurbanpopulation.weepingwillowisJinan'scitytreeandthewaterlilyisitscityflower.•济南气候theweatherofjinan济南地处中纬度地带，气候温和，四季分明。全年降水的60%集中在夏季。济南是一座气候宜人的城市，历代文人多有诗词文章歌颂。大家耳熟能详的有当代著名文人老舍的作品《济南的冬天》。其实他还写了《济南的春天》和《济南的秋天》，都对济南这座城市的气候和天气赞不绝口。Locatedinthemiddle-latitudezone,jinan'sweatherismoderate,seasonsareclearhere.60%precipitationofthewholeyearisconcentratedinsummer.Jinanissuchacitywithpleasantweatherthatmanyliteratieshavethepoemorarticletotopraiseitindefferentages.Contemporaryfamouswriter,LaoShe's<winterinjinan>isfamiliartoeveryone.Infact,besidethathealsowrote<jinan”sspring>and<jinan'sautumn>topraisetheclimateandweatherofthiscity.•济南的由来theoriginofjinan前面我介绍了山东名称的由来，大家想知道济南这座城市的名字是怎么得名的吗？中国古代有著名的三山、五岳、四渎，这四渎是四条著名的河流，它们是黄河、长江、淮河和济水河。济水河的河床就是今天黄河济南段的河床。济南因位于济水河的南岸，因而得名。原先黄河并不流经济南，只是在清朝咸丰五年(1855)，黄河在河南的铜瓦箱决口，黄河水夺济水河河床入海，自此济水河消失，黄河流经济南。Ihaveintroducedthecaseofthedenominationof“shandong”.Doyouwanttoknownhowthiscitygetthenameof“jinan”?Inancienttimeschinahasthreemountains,fiveYuesandfourchannels,thesefourchannelsarefourfamousrivers,theyareyellowriver,YangtzeRiver,Huaiheandjishuiriver.Thebedofjishuirivernowistheriverbedofyellowriverinjinan.Jinangetsitsnamebecauseofbeinglocatedinsouthernlandofjishuiriver.Theyellowriverdidn'tflowthroughjinanatfirst,justintheManchuDynastyxianfengfiveyears(1855),theyellowriveroverflowedin“theactiniumkiowattbox”ofHenan,waterofyellowriverjayhawktheriverbedofjishuirivertorunintosea,fromthattimeonjishuiriverabsenced,theyellowriverflowedthroughjinan.济南是黄河下游的一座古城，历史源远流长，素有齐鲁雄都，海右名城之称。早在春秋时，称泺邑，是济南最早记入史册的地名；战国时，济南为历下邑；汉至明、清相继在济南设郡、府。从明代起，为山东省治，济南便一直是山东省政治、经济、文化中心。1929年正式设市，1948年9月24日解放。Jinanisanancientcitywithalonghistorydownstreamyellowriver,namedof“herocapitalcityofQiLu”and“famouscityrighttothesea.AsearlyastheSpringandAutumnPeriodjinanwascallsLuoYiwhichwastheearliestnameofjinantohavebeingrecordedinhistoricalwork;OnthethePeriodofWarringStatesjinanwascalledLiXiacity;FromHanDynastytoMingandQingDynastyprefectureandcapitalwassetupinjinanoneafteranother.SinceMingDynastyjinanwasgovernedofShandongprovince,fromthenonithasbecametobethepolitics,economiesandculturalcentreofShandongprovince.Jinanwasformallyestablishedascityin1929andliberatedonSeptember24,1948.•济南的泉水thesprigwaterofjinan正如哈尔滨被称为冰城、昆明被称为春城一样，济南也有个别称，叫泉城。因为济南泉水众多而得名。据统计，只济南市区就有泉100多处，著名的有72处。这些泉大都分布在济南老城区。古人就有“齐多甘泉，甲于天下”、“家家泉水，户户垂杨”的赞誉。也许大家会问了，济南为什么会有这么多的泉呢？这还是跟济南的地形地势有关。济南地势南高北低，南部山区是由易渗水的碳酸岩组成，大气降水下渗，沿着地势向北潜流，在济南老城区遇到不透水的辉长岩体堵截，水流积聚到一定程度，就在地质构造比较薄弱的地方喷涌而出，从而形成济南众多的泉群。JustasHarbiniscalledicecity,Kunmingiscalledspringcity,jinanisknownasspringcitybecausetherearesomanyspringsinjinan.Accordingtothestatistics,therearemorethan100springsinjinan'surbanarea,72springsarewell-known.Thesespringsaremostlydistributedinjinan'soldcityzone,theancientscommendthisas“springspreadalloverQiarea,secondtononeallovertheworld”“everyfamilyhasspringanddoortodoorhasweepingwillow”.Probablyyouwillaskwhyjinanhassomanysprings?Thisisstillattributestothegeographyofjinan.Thesouthofjinanishigherthanthenorth,thenorthmountainareaiscomposedofcarbonatitewhichiseasyforthewatertoooze,precipitationwaterunderflowstothenorthalonggeography,whenthewatercomestojinan'soldcityzone,meetingthewatertightgabbrobodyitbecomestoaccumulateandwhenthewatercurrentsgatherstoacertainextentitflowsoutofthethinnerplaceingeologicstructuretoformnumeroussprings.2004年4月2日，济南新七十二名泉评审最终“尘埃落定”。济南七十二名泉评审委员会召开新闻发布会，正式向社会公布了济南新七十二名泉及十大泉群评审结果。OnApril2,2004,thenew72springsfojinanwasfinallychoosed.Validationcommitteeof72springsconvenedaPressConferencetoformallypubulishthevalidationresultoflately72springsandtengreatestsprings.新七十二名泉的评审，本着尊重历史，尊重古人，与时俱进，有利管理，重在保护，以市区为主，兼顾郊县（市区）的原则，对历史上金、明、清三代所列七十二名泉进行全面考察，能保留的尽量予以保留。对历史上未列入七十二名泉的泉水，水势旺盛，具有良好自然人文环境和旅游价值的，经考察评审也列入新七十二名泉。同时，依据泉水的分布、数量、地质结构和泉水径流特点，划分了以趵突泉、珍珠泉、黑虎泉、五龙潭为中心的四大市区内的泉群，新划定了百脉泉泉群、洪范池泉群、涌泉泉群、袈裟泉泉群、玉河泉泉群和白泉泉群等六大周边县市区泉群，形成了济南市十大泉群。Thevalidationofnew72springsisinthelightoftorespecthistory,respecttheancients,keepupwiththeTimes,availtosupervision,heavyinsafeguard,giveattentiontodowntownareaatthesametimetakesuburbcountyintoaccount,givecomprehensiveinvestigatationtothe72springsinthehistoryofJinDynasty,MingDynastyandQingDynasty,trybesttoreservethosewhichcanbereserved.Theotherspringsthatdidn'tbeincludedin72springsinthehistorywhosewatercurrentisthrivingandhasgoodworthofnature,humanism,environmentandtourismcanalsobeincludedinnew72springsbyjudgeofinvestigation.Atthesametime,accordingtothedistribution,quantity,geologystructureandthespringtherunofffeaturesofthesprings,fourspringgroupsdowntownaredividedrespectivelywiththecenterofBaoTuspring,pearlspring,blacktigerspring,fivedragonpondsspring,besidethattheothersixspringgroupsinthesuburbanareaaredesignatedwhichincludesnew100veinspringgroup,HongFanChispringgroup,flowoutspringgroup,cassockspringgroup,jaderiverspringgroupandwhitespringgroup.Thustenspringgroupsofjinanareformed.趵突泉泉群有泉28处；珍珠泉泉群21处；黑虎泉泉群16处；五龙潭泉群28处；百脉泉泉群20处；洪范池泉群(平阴)22处；涌泉泉群(柳埠、仲宫、西营)126处；袈裟泉泉群(灵岩寺、五峰山)44处；玉河泉泉群(港沟、彩石)68处；白泉泉群(王舍人镇)8处。TheBaoTuspringgrouphas28springs,Thepearlspringgrouphas21springs,Theblacktigerspringgroupowns16springsandtheFivedragonpondsspringgroup,New100veinspringgroup,HongFanChispringgroup(locatedinPingYincounty),Flowoutspringgroup(locatedinLiuBu,ZhongGongandXiYingtown),Cassockspringgroup(locatedinLingyanTempleandWufengmountain),Jaderiverspringgroup(locatedinGangGouandCaiShitown)andWhitespringgroup(locatedinWangSheRentown)respectivelyhas28,20,22,126,44,68and8springs.从济南南行70余公里，就是泰安市，闻名世界的泰山就坐落在泰安市的北部。再南行60余公里，就是世界十大历史文化名人之首——孔子的故乡。济南、泰山、曲阜这一条旅游线路，是山东省最主要的旅游线路之一，叫山水圣人线，其中的水就是指济南的泉水。Southfromjinanabout70kilometersisTai-anCity.MountTaishanwhichiswell-knownintheworldislocatedinitsnorth.FromTai-anCitygosouthmorethan60kilometersisChufuthehometownofConfuciuswhoisthefisrtoneoftengreatesthistoricalculturalcelebritiesintheworld.jinan,MountTaishanandChufuformatourroute,oneofthemostimportanttourrouteofShandongprovincenamedmountainwaterandsageroute,amongwhichthewaterjustpointstospringofjinan.•济南的历史文化Thehistoryandcultureofjinan济南历史悠久，文化昌盛，文物古迹众多。这里是龙山文化和东方文明的发祥地。Jinanhasalonghistory,itscultureisprosperousandtherearemanyculturalrelicsandhistoricalsiteswhereisthebirthplaceofLongshancultureandtheEasterncivilization.城子崖龙山古迹，是中国迄今发现最早的城邦；LongshanhistoricalsitesinChengziyaistheearliestcity-stateinchinawhichhasbeenfound.城子崖出土的四五千年前的黑陶，工艺精湛，令人叹为观止；Theblackpotterythatwasmade4,000-5,000yearsagounearthedinChengziyaisexquisiteandbreathtaking.济南市南部的历山，是大舜曾经耕作和生活过的地方，大舜教亲和勤劳的美德，至今传为佳话；LishanmountainliesinthesouthofjinanwastheplacewherebigShuncultivatedandlived,bigShun'svirtuesofcompatibleandindustriousarestillbewidelyreadtoday.穿越济南的齐长城比秦始皇的万里长城的历史还要提前300多年；GreatWallofQithatpassesthroughJinanis300yearsaheadofChinShihhuang'sGreatWall's.汉代孝堂山郭氏墓石祠是中国现存最古老的地面房屋建筑；GuoShigravestoneancestraltempleofHanDynastyinXiaoShanmountainisthemostancientgroundbuildingextantinchina.隋代柳埠四门塔是中国最古老的单层方形石塔；Four-GatePagodaofSuiDynastylocatedinLiuButownisthemostancientmonolayersquareshapepagodaofchina.灵岩寺景区为泰山最幽绝处，有“游泰山不游灵岩不成游也”之说；灵岩寺被誉为中国四大名刹之首，其中千佛殿中的宋代彩塑罗汉被誉为“海内第一名塑”；ThesceniczoneisthequietestplaceofTaishan,Thereisthesayingof“Itisn'tatourifgotoTaishannottolingyan”;LingyansiishonoredastheheadofChinesefourbigfamoustemple,thecolouredsculpturearhatofSongDynastyinthousandBuddhisttemplehallofLingyansiishonoredas“thefirstfamoussculptureinchina”;济南市又是群泉喷涌，名士荟萃的地方，长期以来形成了以龙山文化、大舜文化、名泉文化和名士文化为主要特色的泉城文化。再加上悠久的建城历史，丰富的文化遗存，众多的名胜古迹，遂使济南成为国内外著名的历史文化名城。Jinanisalsoaplacewherespringsspoutandfamouslitterateursgathertogether,ithasformedQuanchengculturetakingtheLongshanculture,thebigShunculture,thefamousspringcultureandthefamouslitterateurcultureasmaincharacteristicsincealongtime.Inaddition,glorioushistoryofcityconstruction,richcultureremains,numerousscenicandhistoricspotsmakeJinanafamoushistoricalandculturalcityindomesticandforeign.历史上有很多名人对济南留下了脍炙人口的赞美之词。ManycelebritiesinthehistoryhadleftuniversallyacclaimedpraisestoJinan.唐代大诗人杜甫曾写到“海右此亭古，济南名士多”；TangDynasty'sgreatpoetDuFuoncewroteabout“apavilionrighttothesea,standforalongtime,personagesofJinanareverynumerous.元好问在遍游济南山水后，写下“羡煞济南山水好”、“有心常做济南人”等颂扬之词；Yuanhaowenwrotedown“sceneryofJinanmakesgodenvy”,“hasamindtobeaJinanperson”andsoontopraiseitaftertravelledaroundtheJinan'sscenery.清朝乾隆年间才子刘凤诰的“四面荷花三面柳，一城山色半城湖”对大明湖的美景进行了高度概括；ThetalentedpersonLiuFenghaoofTheQingDynastyQianlonghighlysummarizedthebeautifulsceneofDamingLakeas“foursideslotusthreewillowtrees,onecitymountaincolorhalfcitylake”赵孟頫的“云雾润蒸华不住，波涛声震大明湖”写出了趵突泉作为天下第一泉的气势；ThepomeofZhaoMengfuwroteoutthevigourofBaoTuspringastheno1springintheworld,itwas"cloudandmistmakeeverlastingbeautifulscene,acousticwavesshockDaminglake".清代文学家刘鹗的“家家泉水，户户垂杨”道出了济南特有的景色，在他的《老残游记》一书中对济南的景物给予了细致的描写，而且很多篇章收入中学语文课本，使济南的美景随课本走向全国；QingDynastywriterLiuE„s“eachfamilyhaswaterseepage,everyhouseholdhasweepingpoplar”haspointedJinan'suniquescenery,hisbook"TravelsofLaotsan"gaveacarefuldescriptiontoJinan'sscenery,ofwhichmanychaptershasbeenadoptedinthemiddleschoollanguagetextbook,thatpromoteJinan'sbeautifulscenetothewholenationalongwiththetextbook;著名文人老舍先生的《济南的冬天》、《趵突泉的欣赏》等更是把游人带入了一个如诗如画、如梦如幻的境界 RenownedwriterMr.LaoShe's"Jinan'sWinter","AppreciationtoBaotuSpring"etchasledthetouriststoabournlikepoemandpicture,likedreamandfantasy...•济南名士personageofjinan山东有句话说“泰安州神全，济南府人全”，此话一点不假。济南自古人杰地灵，历代名人辈出。原籍济南的有扁鹊、伏生、终军、秦琼、义净、李格非、李清照、辛弃疾、张养浩、李开先、李攀龙等；客居或在济南为官的有曹操、李邕、李白、杜甫、苏轼、苏辙、曾巩、元好问、赵孟頫、铁铉、何绍基、刘鹗、王尽美、邓恩铭等。Shandonghasawordssayingthat“StateTaianhasmanygods,PrefectureJinanhasmanypersonages”,thisisnotfalse.Jinan'spersonisoutstanding,jinan'searthhasnimbus,therearemanypersonagesineverydynasty.SomeofthoseancestralhomeisJinan,theyareBianQue,FuSheng,Zhongjun,QinQiong,Yijing,LiGefei,LiQingzhao,XinQiji,ZhangYanghao,LiKaixian,LiPanlongandsoon;someresidedasavisitororheldofficeinjinan,theyareCaoCao,LiYong,LiBai,DuFu,SuShi,SuZhe,ZengGong,YuanHaowenZhaoMengfu,TieXuan,HeShaoji,LiuE,WangJinmei,DengEnmingandsoon.•快速发展的济南市Jinaninfastdevelopment今天的济南，发展迅速。工业门类齐全，经济实力强大。其中轻骑、锻压、啤酒、化纤、小鸭、服装等七大集团，进入全省重点发展的行列。轻骑、炼油、济钢等企业，进入全国企业五百强行列。轻骑摩托车、小鸭全自动洗衣机等产品在国内外市场上有较强的知名度和市场占有率。TodaydevelopmentofJinanisrapid.Theindustrycoversextensivefields,theeconomicpotentialityisformidable.Andthelightcavalry,theforgingandstamping,thebeer,thechemicalfiber,theyoungduck,theclothingandothers,sevenbiggroupsentertheprioritizedevelopmentranksofentireprovince.Lightcavalry,oilrefinery,JinanSteelWorkshaveentertedtheranksof500strongenterprisesinthenational.Productssuchasmotorcycleoflightcavalry,completelyautomaticwasherofyoungduckhaveastrongfamepopularityandmarketshareinthedomesticandforeignmarkets.由于全面实施了外向带动战略，济南市全方位、多层次、宽领域对外开放的格局基本形成。济南市已同美国的萨克拉门托市、英国的考文垂市、日本的和歌山市、山口市、加拿大的里贾纳市、韩国的水原市、巴布亚新几内亚的首都地区和俄罗斯的夏洛夫格洛德市、芬兰万达市、法国雷恩市、澳大利亚郡德勒普市11个国家12个城市建立了友好城市关系，同世界上140多个国家和地区建立了经济往来。Becauseimplementsthestrategyofextroversionleadcomprehensively,Jinan'somni-directional,multi-levelandwide-rangingdevelomentpatternofopen-doortotheoutsideworldisbasicallyformed.Jinanhasalreadyestablishedfriendshipcityrelationswith11countries12cities,suchasUS'sSacramentocity,Britain'scoventrycity,Japan'sWakayamacity,themountainpasscity,Canada'sLijiana,SouthKorea'sSuwon,PapuaNewGuinea'smetropolitanareaandRussia'ssummerLovestandardcity,Finland'sWanDacity,French'sWren,Australian'sJunDeleurPucity,besidesthat,jinanhasestablishedeconomicalintercoursewithmorethan140countriesandareasintheworld.济南又是山东省的科学技术中心和教育文化中心，这里集中了山东科学院、山东社会科学院等一大批省属科研机构及30多家市属科研院所，科技人员集中。济南市还集中了山东大学、山东师范大学、济南大学、济南职业学院等20多所部、省及市属高等院校。JinanisalsoShandongProvince'scenterofscienceandtechnologyandeducationculturewhereconcentratestheShandongacademyofscience,theShandongAcademyofsocialscienceandtheotherlargequantitiesofprovincialscientificresearchinstitution,morethan30civicscientificresearchinstituteandmanyscientistsandengineers.AtthesameJinanhasconcentratedsuchasShandongUniversity,ShandongNormaluniversity,jinanUniversity,JinanTrainingcollegeandothers,morethan20ministerial,provincialandcivicsubordinatecollegesanduniversities.济南市的城市建设突飞猛进，交通条件进一步改善。济南火车站和济南东客站，已于“八五”期间建成投入使用。城区道路交通建设发展迅速。新建、改建、扩建了一批交通主干线和高架桥。如：泉城路、经十路、经十东路、舜耕路、顺河高架及北延工程、燕山立交桥和八一立交桥。城市绿化成绩显著，市区绿化覆盖率超过30%，人居环境显著改善。Jinan'surbanconstructionprogressesbyleapsandbounds,trafficconditionhasfurtherimprovement.JinanpassengerstationandJinaneasttrainstationhadalreadycompletedandbeenavailablein“85”period.Thecityroadtrafficconstructiondevelopmentisrapid.Newlybuilt,reconstruct,expandabatchofmaintransportationskeletonlinesandviaducts.Forexample:Quanchengroad,Jingshiroad,EastJingshiroad,ShunGengroad,ShunHeviaductandnorthextendproject,Yanshanmulti-levelcrossingbridgeandBaYimulti-levelcrossingbridges.Jinan'surbanafforestationresultisremarkable,theurbandistrictafforestationcoveragefractionsurpasses30%,environmentofforpeopletolivehasobviouslyimprovement.•济南道路的命名thenamingoftheroad我们现在行走的路名叫经十路，细心的贵宾们可能已经发现了，济南的道路命名非常有特色，是以经纬线来命名的。东西向的马路称为经路,南北向的马路称为纬路。大家只要记住济南的经路纬路与地理上的经线纬线方向正好相反就可以了。TheroadwearewalkingoniscalledJingShiRoad.Attentiveguestsmayhavefoundthatthenameoftheroadsisveryunique.Itisbecausetheroadsarenamedforthelatitudeandlongitudelines.East-westroadsarecalledbyJingRoads,andnorth-southroadsareknownasWeiRoads.Weonlyrememberthenameoftheroadsistheoppositewiththelatitudeandlongitudelines.其实，济南的道路命名基本上分为两大区域。一是老城区街道。从西门至东门青龙桥为泉城路，从南门至大明湖北门，这一区域为济南老城区，古代的政府衙门多位于此，名称好多与官府有联系，如省府前街、按察司街等。另外，泉水集中的地区，街道名称好多与泉水有关，如芙蓉街以芙蓉泉而得名，趵突泉路因趵突泉而得名，黑虎泉路因黑虎泉而得名。二是经纬路，东西为经，南北为纬。经路从经一路由北至南依次排至经十一路，纬路从东至西，由纬一路排至纬十二路，这样，外地游客来济南不容易迷路。但是，济南的经纬与地球上的经纬方向是相反的。这种道路命名方式有多种版本。我们和游客讲解时都说跟韩复榘有关系。民国时期韩复榘曾任山东省政府主席，据说济南经纬道路是他命名的。话说有一天，韩复榘坐在办公室，一士兵进来报告说要给济南道路命名，问怎么办。韩复榘桌上正好有一个地球仪，他看了看地球仪，拍了拍自己的光脑门说，就用经纬线来起名吧，东西为经路，南北为纬路，就这样一直延续了下来。大家都知道，韩复榘是一个大粗人，一介武夫，没有文化，所以闹出了很多笑话。象广泛流传的韩复榘观看山东大学学生篮球赛，看到很多学生在抢一个篮球，就发出了回头一人给买一个的命令等等。Infact,thenamingoftheroadsinJinanisbasicallydividedintotwoareas.Oneistheoldcitystreets.FromwestgatetotheeastgateofQingLongBridgeiscalledQuanChengRoad.BesidesfromthesouthgatetothenorthgateofDaMingLakeistheoldcityareaofJinan.Andtheancientgovernmentwasmostlyinthisplace.Sothenameoftheroadshadarelationshipwiththean