2021年CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题及答案

CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(三)

一、VocabularySelection（本大题20小题．每题1.0分，共20.0分。Inthispart，thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence，therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA，B，CandD.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1题Marketingis______justdistributinggoodsfromthemanufacturertothefinalcustomer.AratherthanBotherthanCbiggerthanDmorethan第2题Themagicianpickedseveralpersons______fromtheaudienceandaskedthemtohelphimwiththeperformance.AbyaccidentBatrandomConoccasion第3题EnglishlanguagepublicationsinChinaaregrowinginvolumeand______.AcirculationBrotationCcircumstanceDappreciation第4题Duststormsmostoftenoccurinareaswherethegroundhaslittlevegetationtoprotectofthewind.AfromtheeffectsBittheeffectsCitfromtheeffectsDtheeffectsfromit第5题Onturningthecomer，theysawthepath______steeply.AdepartingBdescendingCdecreasing第6题Mostnursesarewomen，butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareaAscarcityBminorityCminimum第7题Withaneighty-hourweekandlittleenjoyment，lifemusthavebeenveryforthestudents.AhostileBanxiousCtediousDobscure第8题Container-grownplantscanbeplantedatanytimeoftheyear，but______inwinter.AshouldbeBwouldbeCpreferredDpreferably第9题Hydroponics______thecultivationofplantswithoutsoil.AdoesBisCdoDare第10题Intheeighteenthcentury，thetownofBennington，Vermont，wasfamousforpottery.AitmadeBitsCthemakingDwhereits第11题Toimposecomputertechnology______teachersistocreateanenvironmentthatisnotconducivetolearning.AwithBtoCinDon第12题Goodpencilerasersaresoftenoughnot______paperbuthardenoughsothattheycrumblegraduallywhenused.AbydamagingBsothattheydamageCtodamageDdamaging第13题Bothlongitudeandlatitude______indegrees，minutesandseconds.AmeasuringBmeasuredCaremeasuredDbeingmeasured第14题OurflighttoGuangzhouwas______byabadfogandwehadtostaymuchlongerinthehotelthanwehadexpected.AdelayedBadjournedCcancelledDpreserved第15题______ofhischildhoodhomeinHannibal，ARememberingBMemoriesCItwasthememoriesDHeremembered第16题Mostcometshavetwokindsoftails，onemadeupofdust，______madeupofelectricallychargedparticlescalledplasma.AoneanotherBtheotherCotheronesDeachother第17题Wehavehadtoraisethepricesofourproductsbecauseoftheincreaseinthecostofmaterials.AprimitiveBroughCoriginalDraw第18题______alanguagefamilyisagroupoflanguageswithacommonoriginandsimilarvocabulary，grammar，andsoundsystem.AWhatlinguistscallBItiscalledbylinguistsCLinguistscallitDWhatdolinguistscall第19题______getolder，thegamestheyplaybecomeincreasinglycomplex.AChildrenBChildren，whentheyCAschildrenDForchildrento第20题Wheneverthegovernmentincreasespublicservices，______becausemoreworkersareneededtocarryouttheseservices.AemploymenttoriseBemploymentrisesCwhichrisingemploymentDtheriseofemployment二、VocabularyReplacement（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence，therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA，B，CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1题Publicrelationspracticeisthedeliberate，plannedandsustainedefforttoestablishandmaintainmutualunderstandingbetweenanorganizationanditspublic.AcompleteBrelatedCintentionalDactive第2题Theserviceeconomydoesn'tsuggestthatweconvertourfactoriesintolaundriestosurvive.AimplyBpersuadeChurlDtransform第3题TheultimatecauseoftheCivilWarwasthebombardmentofFortAonlyBfinalCtrueDspecial第4题Mostspeciesofthisplantthriveinordinarywell-drainedgardensoilandtheyarebestplanted8cmdeepand5cmapart.AdevelopwellBgrowtallerCmatureDbearfruit第5题Jimwasastoutoldgentleman，withaweather-beatencountenance.AbodyBskinCshoulderDpassionateinterest第6题Theuseofthenewtechnologywillhaveaprofoundeffectonschools.AnegativeBpositiveCstrongDuseful第7题Hehasatouchofeccentricityinhiscomposition.AessayBwritingCcharacterDmanner第8题Themoststrikingtechnologicalsuccessinthe20thcenturyisprobablythecomputerrevolution.AprofitableBproductiveCprominentDprompt第9题Shellfishgivethedeceptiveappearanceofenjoyingapeacefulexistence，althoughinfactlifeisaconstantstruggleforthem.AmisleadingBcalmCunderstandableDinitial第10题Motivationisthedrivingforcewithinindividualsthatimpelsthemtoaction.AimpedesBinterferesCholdsDpushes第11题Scientificevidencefromdifferentdisciplinesdemonstratesthatinmosthumansthelefthemisphereofthebraincontrolslanguage.AgroupsoffollowersByearsCcountriesDfieldsofstudy第12题IfwelookattheChineseandBritishconceptsofhospitality，wefindonemajorsimilaritybutanumberofimportantdifferences.AhostilityBfriendlinessCmannerDculture第13题Itwasratherstrangehowthehabitsofhisyouthclungtohimstill.Hewas72.AstucktoBturnedCledtoDgavewayto第14题Injustthreeyears，theNethasgonefromaplaygroundforthelocalpeopletoavastcommunicationsandtradingcenterwheremillionsswapinformationordodealsaroundtheworld.AbusinessBshoppingCchattingDmeeting第15题NoheroofancientormodemdayscansurpasstheIndianswiththeirloftycontemptofdeathandthefortitudewithwhichtheysustainitscruelestaffliction.AregardBcourageClossDtrick三、CorrectingGrammaticalErrors（本大题14小题．每题1.0分，共14.0分。Thispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerrorBeloweachsentence，therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA，B，CandD.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.）第1题ThefirstrecordeduseofnaturalgastolightstreetlampsitwasinthetownofFrederick，NewYork，in1825.AwasBisCitisDwere第2题Furnituremakersusegluetoholdjointstogetherandsometimestoreinforceit.AitsBfastChardDthem第3题Alllivingcreaturespassoninheritedtraitsfromonegenerationtoother.AtheotherBanotherCothersDotherone第4题Unlikecompetitiverunning，racewalkersmustalwayskeepsomeportionoftheirfeetincontactwiththeground.ArunBrunnerCrunnersDrunningrace第5题TheeasternbluebirdisconsideredthemostattractivebirdnativeofNorthAmericabymanybird-watchers.AnativeBnativewithCnativebyDnativeto第6题Machinesthatusehydraulicpressureincludingelevators，dentistchairs，andautomobilebrakes.AexcludeBexcludingCincludeDareincluded第7题Allrootvegetablesgrowunderground，andnotallvegetablesthatgrowundergroundareroots.AbutBorCasDthus第8题Allmammalshavehair，butnotalwaysevident.AbutitisnotBbutitisCbuttheyarenotDbuttheyare第9题Apromisingnoteisawrittenagreementtopayacertainsumofmoneyatsometimefuture.AtimefuturesBfuturesCfuturestimeDfuturetime第10题Notmuchpeoplerealizethatappleshavebeencultivatedforover3,000years.ANotmanyBNotenoughCWithoutmanyDNomany第11题Althoughthesocialsciencesdifferentagreatdealfromoneanother，theyshareacommoninterestinhumanrelationship.AmoveBdifferCchangeDvaries第12题Thehard，outsurfaceofthetoothiscalledenamel.AoutsideBappearanceCouterDhiding第13题Theearliestformofartificiallightingwasfire，whichalsoprovidedwarmandprotection.AhotBsunshineCwarmthDsafe第14题NewYorkCitysurpassedtheotherAtlanticseaportsinpartlybecauseitdevelopedthebesttransportationlinkswiththeinteriorofthecountry.ApartBpartialCpartnerDparting四、ReadingComprehension（共50小题,共50.0分）Inthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage，eachwithfour(A，B，CandD)suggestedanswersorwaysoffinishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.第1题PhyllisWheatleyisregardedasAmerica'sfirstblackpoet.ShewasborninSenegal，Africa，about1753andbroughttoAmericaaboardaslaveshipatabouttheageofseven.JohnandSusannahWheatleyboughtherforthreepoundsataslaveauctioninBostonin1761tobeapersonalservantofMrs.Wheatley.Thefamilyhadthreeotherslaves，andallweretreatedwithrespect.Phylliswassoonacceptedasoneofthefamily，whichincludedbeingraisedandeducatedwiththeWheatley'stwin15-year-oldchildren，MaryandNathaniel.Atthattime，mostfemales，evenfrombetterfamilies，couldnotreadandwrite，butMarywasprobablyoneofthebesteducatedyoungwomeninBoston.Marywantedtobecomeateacher，andinfact，itwasMarywhodecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis'seducation.Phyllissoondisplayedherremarkabletalents.AttheageoftwelveshewasreadingtheGreekandLatinclassicsandpassagesfromtheBible.Andeventually，Mrs.WheatleydecidedPhyllisshouldbecomeaChristian.

AttheageofthirteenPhylliswroteherfirstpoem.ShebecameaBostonsensationaftershewroteapoemonthedeathoftheevangelicalpreacherGeorgeWhitfieldin1770.ItbecamecommonpracticeinBostontohave"Mrs.Wheatley'sPhyllis"readpoetryinpolitesociety.Marymarriedin1771，andPhyllislatermovedtothecountrybecauseofpoorhealth，asateacherandcaretakertoafarmer'sthreechildren.MaryhadtriedtointerestpublishersinPhyllis'spoemsbutoncetheyheardshewasaNegrotheyweren'tinterested.

Thenin1773PhylliswentwithNathaniel，whowasnowabusinessman，toLondon.Itwasthoughtthataseavoyagemightimproveherhealth.Thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonasPoemsonVariousSubjects，ReligiousandMoral.ItwasthefirstbookpublishedbyablackAmerican.In1775PhylliswroteapoemextollingtheaccomplishmentsofGeorgeWashingtonandsentittohim.Herespondedbypraisinghertalentsandinvitinghertovisithisheadquarters.Afterbothofherbenefactorsdiedin1777，andMarydiedin1778，Phylliswasfreedasaslave.Shemarriedin1778，movedawayfromBoston，andhadthreechildren.Butaftertheunhappymarriage，shemovedbacktoBoston，anddiedinpovertyattheageofthirty.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?ASlaveryandthetreatmentoftheblackpeopleinAmerica.BTheWheatleyfamily，includingtheirslaves.CThelifeofAmerica'sfirstblackpoet.第2题Theunderlinedword"respect"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAconsiderationBdisregardCpunishment第3题Accordingtothepassage，howmanyslavesdidtheWheatley'shave?AOne.BTwo.CThree.DFour.第4题Accordingtothepassage，anunusualfeatureofMarywasthatsheAwasnotmucholderthanPhyllisBwantedtobecomeateacherCwascomparativelywelleducatedDdecidedtotakechargeofPhyllis'seducation第5题Theunderlinedword"eventually"inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningtoAultimatelyBslowlyCreluctantlyDgradually第6题WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutPhyllisintheearly1770s?AShewroteherfirstpoemwheninherteens.BShemarriedin1771.CShebecameateacher.DShewasabletogetherpoemspublished.第7题Theunderlinedword"they"inParagraph2refersto______.ApublishersBpoemsCchildrenDblackpeople第8题ItcanbeinferredthatPhyllis'striptoEnglandwithNathanielin1773______.AdidnotimproveherhealthBwasforbusinessreasonsCledtobooksofherpoemsbeingavailableinAmericaDledtothepublicationofherpoemsbecausetheEnglishweremoreinterestedinreligiousandmoralsubjects第9题Theword"extolling"isclosestinmeaningto______.AwelcomingBstatingCbemoaningDpraising第10题WhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutPhyllisissupportedbythepassage?AShewouldhavebeenmorerecognizedasapoetifshehadnotbeenblack.BShewouldhavewrittenpoetryifshehadstayedinAfrica.CShewentunrecognizedasapoetduringherlifetime.DSheonlywrotereligiouspoetry.第11题Aboutfiftyyearsago，plantphysiologistssetouttogrowrootsbythemselvesinsolutionsinlaboratoryflasks.Thescientistsfoundthatthenutritionofisolatedrootswasquitesimple.Theyrequiredsugarandtheusualmineralsandvitamins.However，theydidnotrequireorganicnitrogencompounds.Theserootsgotalongfineonmineralinorganicnitrogen.Rootsarecapableofmakingtheirownproteinsandotherorganiccompounds.Theseactivitiesbyrootsrequireenergy，ofcourse.TheprocessofrespirationusessugartomakethehighenergycompoundATP，whichdrivesthebiochemicalreactions.Respirationalsorequiresoxygen.Highlyactiverootsrequireagooddealofoxygen.

Thestudyofisolatedrootshasprovidedanunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenshootsandrootsinintactplants.Theleavesoftheshootsprovidetherootswithsugarandvitamins，andtherootsprovidetheshootswithwaterandminerals.Inaddition，rootscanprovidetheshootswithorganicnitrogencompounds.Thiscomesinhandyforthegrowthofbudsintheearlyspringwhenleavesarenotyetfunctioning.Onceleavesbeginphotosynthesizing，theyproduceprotein，butonlymatureleavescan"export"proteintotherestoftheplantintheformofaminoacids.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?ATherelationshipbetweenaplant'srootsanditsshoots.BWhatcanbelearnedbygrowingrootsinisolation.CHowplantscanbegrownwithoutroots.DWhatelementsarenecessaryforthegrowthofplants.第12题Theunderlinedword"themselves"inParagraph1refersto______.AplantphysiologistsBsolutionsClaboratoryflasksDroots第13题Thescientistsfoundwhattheisolatedrootsneedis______.AquitenaturalBsugar，mineralsandvitaminsCsomerarevitaminsDorganicnitrogencompounds第14题Rootshavetheabilityto______.AmakeproteinsBobtainfreshairCproduceinorganicnitrogenDcarryoutactivitieswithoutenergy第15题Accordingtothepassage，whatisATP?AAbiochemicalprocess.BThetipofaroot.CAchemicalcompound.DAtypeofplantcell.第16题Theunderlinedword"intact"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.AmatureBwildCwholeDtiny第17题Theuseofthephrase"comesinhandy"underlinedinParagraph2indicatesthattheprocessis______.AunavoidableBpredictableCnecessaryDsuccessful第18题Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat，intheearlyspring，thebudsofplants______.A"export"proteinintheformofaminoacidsBdonotrequirewaterChavebegunphotosynthesizingDobtainorganiccompoundsfromtheroot第19题Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?ATheresultsoftwoexperimentsarecompared.BAgeneralizationismade，andseveralexamplesofitaregiven.CThefindingsofanexperimentareexplained.DAhypothesisispresented，andseveralmeansofprovingitaresuggested.第20题Whereisthispassagelikelytobefound?AAnewsletter.BAmagazine.CAstorybook.DAnovel.第21题Naturalflavoringsandfragrancesareoftencostlyandlimitedinsupply.Forexample，thevitalingredientinarosefragranceisextractedfromnaturalroseoilatacostofthousandsofdollarsapound；anidenticalsyntheticsubstancecanbemadefor1%ofthiscost.Sincetheearlytwentiethcentury，successinreproducingthesesubstanceshascreatedanewindustrythattodayproduceshundredsofartificialflavorsandfragrances.

Somenaturalfragrancesareeasilysynthesized；theseincludevanillin，thearomaticingredientinvanilla，andbenzaldehyde，thearomaticingredientinwildcherries.Otherfragrances，however，havedozens，evenhundredsofcomponents.Onlyrecentlyhasitbeenpossibletoseparateandidentifytheseingredientsbytheuseofgaschromatographyandspectroscopy.Oncethechemicalidentityisknown，itisoftenpossibletosynthesizethem.Nevertheless，somecomplexsubstances，suchasthearomaoffreshcoffee，havestillnotbeenduplicatedsatisfactorily.

Manyofthechemicalcompoundsmakingupthesesyntheticsareidenticaltothosefoundinnature，andareasharmlessorharmfulasthenaturalsubstances.Newproductsmustbetestedforsafety，andwhenusedinfood，mustbeapprovedbytheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.

Theavailabilityofsyntheticflavorsandfragranceshasmadepossiblealargevarietyofproducts，frominexpensivebeveragestoperfumedsoaptousedcarswithapplied"newcarodor."Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.AnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesarenotquitedearBthelimitationofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisclearCthesupplyofnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesisadequatetomeetthedemandDthecostofproducingnaturalflavoringsandfragrancesishigh第22题Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?ANaturalrosefragranceis100timesmoreexpensivetoproducethanartificialrosefragrance.BThemostimportantingredientinarosefragranceisobtainedfromnaturalroseoilatalowcost.CAdifferentsyntheticsubstancecanbemadefor1%ofthecost.DNaturalroseoilcoststhesameasitsfragrances.第23题Theindustryofproducinghundredsofartificialflavorsandfragrancesprobablyappearedin______.AB1953C1909D1810第24题Accordingtothepassage，allthefollowingareeasiertosynthesizeEXCEPT______.AaromaticingredientinvanillaBvanillaCaromaticingredientinwildcherryDtheflavoroffreshcoffee第25题Theunderlinedword"duplicated"inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.AmakedoubleBmakeacopyofCproducesomethingequaltoDtakefrom第26题WhydoestheauthormentionfreshcoffeeinParagraph2?AAsanexampleofcomplexsubstanceshavingnotbeenduplicatedsatisfactorily.BBecausethecoffeefragranceishardtoproduce.CToconcludethepassage.DThesmelloffreshcoffeeisinviting.第27题______，asubstancecanbesynthesized.AUponidentifyingthebasiccomponentsofitBOncechemicallyanalyzedCWhengaschromatographyisusedDIfspectroscopyisadopted第28题Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.AvanilliniseasiertosynthesizethanbenzaldehydeBnotallsyntheticflavorsareharmlessCingeneral，thelesscomponentsthereareinafragrance，theharderitistosynthesizeDsynthesizedsubstancesmustbetestedforsafetyonlyiftheyareusedinfood第29题Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?AHowtoSynthesizeFragrancesBSyntheticSubstancesAreEasytoMakeCNaturalFlavoringsandFragrancesDSyntheticFlavorsandFragrances第30题WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothelastparagraph?ASyntheticfragrancescanbeusedtomakeausedcarsmelllikeanewone.BSyntheticflavorsandfragranceshaveaddedtothevarietiesofproducts.CLemonsoapismadeoutofsomedeliciouslemon.DItislikelythatabottleoforangejuiceissynthesized.第31题Somepeopleassociatemigrationmainlywithbirds.Birdsdotravelvastdistances，butmammalsalsomigrate.Anexampleisthecaribou，reindeerthatgrazeonthegrassyslopesofnorthernCanada.Whentheweatherturnscold，theytravelsouthuntilspring.Theirtracksaresowell-wornthattheyareclearlyvisiblefromtheair.AnothermigratingmammalistheAlaskafurseal.ThesesealsbreedonlyinthePribilotIslandsintheBeringSea.TheyoungareborninJuneandbySeptemberarestrongenoughtogowiththeirmothersonajourneyofover3,000miles.TogethertheyswimdownthePacificCoastofNorthAmerica.ThefemalesandyoungtravelasfarassouthernCalifornia.Themalesdonotjourneysofar.TheyswimonlytotheGulfofAlaska.Inthespring，malesandfemalesallreturntotheislands，andtherethecyclebeginsagain.Whalesareamongthegreatestmigratorsofall.Thehumpbackandbluewhalesmigratethousandsofmileseachyearfromthepolarseastothetropics.Whaleseathugequantitiesofplankton.Thesearemostabundantincoldpolarwaters.Inwinter，thewhalesmovetowarmwaterstobreedandgivebirthtotheiryoung.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.ApeoplemigratelikeanimalsBonlybirdsmigrateCthefemalefursealsmigrateonlytotheGulfofAlaskaDnotallmammalsmigrate第32题Thephrase"Anexample"underlinedinParagraph1referstoanexampleofa______.AmigratorymammalBplacewhereanimalsmigrateCmigratingbirdDpersonwhoassociatesmigrationwithbirds第33题AllthemammalsarementionedasmigratingonesEXCEPT______.AcaribouBfinwhaleCreindeerDAlaskafurseal第34题Wherecanyouseefromtheairthemigrationofthemammals?AInthePribilotIslands.BIntheBeringSea.CInsouthernCalifornia.DInnorthernCanada.第35题WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?AWhalesbreedinwinter.BYoungwhalesaregivenbirthincoldwaters.CAlaskafursealsgivebirthtotheyoungonlyinonearea.DAlaskafursealsareborninwarmweather.第36题Together______ofAlaskafursealsswimdownthePacificCoastofNorthAmerica.AmothersandtheyoungBfathersandtheyoungCparentsandtheyoungDsealsandwhales第37题WhichofthefollowingisNOTdescribedinthepassage?AWhalesmigratetobreedandgivebirthtotheiryoung.BWhale-watchinginBostoninsummerisattracting.CSealsbreedinthenorthbeforemigration.DReindeerfeedongrass.第38题Whalesliveon______.AtinyplantsandanimalsintheseaBthegrassyslopesofnorthernCanadaCtheiryoungincoldwinterDtheabundantseafoodintropicwaters第39题Howmanykindsofmigratingmammalsarementionedinthepassage?AFour.BThree.CTwo.DOne.第40题Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?AThreeTypesofWhalesBBirdsMigrationCMammalsAlsoMigrateDSeveralKindsofMigration第41题Electronicmailhasbecomeanextremelyimportantandpopularmeansofcommunication.

Theconvenienceandefficiencyofelectronicmailarethreatenedbytheextremelyrapidgrowthinthevolumeofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmail.Unsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailiscurrentlyestimatedtoaccountforoverhalfofallelectronicmailtraffic，upfromanestimated7percentin，andthevolumecontinuestorise.Mostofthesemessagesarefraudulentordeceptiveinoneormorerespects.

Thereceiptofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailmayresultincoststorecipientswhocannotrefusetoacceptsuchmailandwhoincurcostsforthestorageofsuchmail，orforthetimespentaccessing，reviewing，anddiscardingsuchmail，orforboth.Thereceiptofalargenumberofunwantedmessagesalsodecreasestheconvenienceofelectronicmailandcreatesariskthatwantedelectronicmailmessages，bothcommercialandnoncommercial，willbelost，overlooked，ordiscardedamidstthelargervolumeofunwantedmessages，thusreducingthereliabilityandusefulnessofelectronicmailtotherecipient.Somecommercialelectronicmailcontainsmaterialthatmanyrecipientsmayconsidervulgarorpornographicinnature.

ThegrowthinunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailimposessignificantmonetarycostsonprovidersofInternetaccessservices，businesses，andeducationalandnonprofitinstitutionsthatcarryandreceivesuchmail，asthereisafinitevolumeofmailthatsuchproviders，businesses，andinstitutionscanhandlewithoutfurtherinvestmentininfrastructure.Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullydisguisethesourceofsuchmail.

Manysendersofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailpurposefullyincludemisleadinginformationinthemessages'subjectlinesinordertoinducetherecipientstoviewthemessages.Whilesomesendersofcommercialelectronicmailmessagesprovidesimpleandreliablewaysforrecipientstoreject(or'opt-out'o0receiptofcommercialelectronicmailfromsuchsendersinthefuture，othersendersprovidenosuch'opt-out'mechanism，orrefusetohonortherequestsofrecipientsnottoreceiveelectronicmailfromsuchsendersinthefuture，orboth.

ManysendersofbulkunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailusecomputerprogramstogatherlargenumbersofelectronicmailaddressesonanautomatedbasisfromInternetwebsitesoronlineserviceswhereusersmustposttheiraddressesinordertomakefulluseofthewebsiteorservice.

Theproblemsassociatedwiththerapidgrowthandabuseofunsolicitedcommercialelectronicmailcannotbesolvedbythegovernmentalone.Thedevelopmentandadoptionoftechnologicalapproachesandthepursuitofcooperativeeffortswithothercountrieswillbenecessaryaswell.Accordingtothepassage，efficiencyofe-mailisthreatenedby______.Aheavye-mailtrafficBfraudulente-mailmessagesClargevolumeofmessagesDincreasingamountofunwantede-mail第42题WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutunwantede-mail?AItcostsmoneytoreceivethem.BIt'sfreetostorethem.CIttakestimetoaccessthem.DIttakestimetothrowthemaway.第43题Unwantede-mailmay______.AcausecompaniestofailinbusinessBcausewantede-mailmessagestoloseCdamagethecreditofacompanyDdogoodtoasmallcompany第44题"Pornographic"inParagraph3probablymeans______.AdecentBinstructionalCsexualDcommercial第45题Whatdoesunwantede-mailmessagesdototheprovidersoftheInternetservices?ARaisingtheircost.BRaisingtheInternetspeed.CImprovingtheirbusiness.DAttractinginvestment.第46题"Disguise"inParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto______.ArevealBhideCdeliverDpost第47题Theword"induce"inParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto______.AcheatBintroduceCprovideDharm第48题"Opt-out"mechanismisprobably______.AamachinethatcanbeattachedtoyourcomputerBabuttonthatyoucanmakeachoicetoreadornottoreadCasoftwarethatyoucanplayacomputergameDane-mailthatsayssomegoodwordstoyou第49题ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph6thatbulkunsolicitedcommerciale-mailwillprobablyspread______.AharmfulvirusBunpleasantnewsCadvertisementsDadultjokes第50题Theunwantede-mailproblemcanbesolvedif______.AthegovernmenttakesactionBanewtechnologyisadoptedCmorepeopleareawareoftheproblemDjointeffortsaremadeandnewtechnologyisusednone、五（共Cloze小题,20共分）20.0第1题

Insuranceisthesharingof(1).Nearlyeveryoneisexposed(2)riskofsomesort.Thehouseowner，forexample，knowsthathis(3)canbedamagedbyfire；theshipownerknowsthathisvesselmaybelostatsea；thebreadwinnerknowsthathemaydieby(4)and(5)hisfamilyinpoverty.Ontheotherhand，noteveryhouseisdamagedbyfireoreveryvessellostatsea.Ifthesepersonseachputa(6)stunofmoneyintoapool，therewillbeenoughto(7)theneedsofthefewwhodosuffer(8).Inotherwordsthelossesofthefewar